Compressor and refrigerating system of vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a compressor and a refrigerating system of a vehicle. The compressor comprises a shell, a crankshaft, a magnetic ring, a Hall chip, a control circuit, a rotor and a stator. A working cavity and an electric control cavity which are separated from each other are formed in the shell; the crankshaft is located in the working cavity, and the first end of the crankshaft extends into the electric control cavity. The rotor and the stator are both located in the working cavity, the stator is fixed to the shell, and the rotor is assembled on the crankshaft and matched with the stator in position so as to drive the crankshaft to rotate; the magnetic ring is located in the electric control cavity, assembled at the first end of the crankshaft and capable of rotating along with the crankshaft. The Hall chip is located in the electric control cavity and corresponds to the magnetic ring in position. The Hall chip is configured to be capable of collecting magnetic field changes when the magnetic ring rotates; the stator is connected with a control circuit, and the control circuit is configured to be capable of receiving electric signals so as to control the output current of the stator. The compressor is small in size, capable of achieving low rotating speed and suitable for mass production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle refrigeration, and more specifically, to a compressor and a vehicle refrigeration system. Background Art

[0002] The vehicle's refrigeration system requires the compressor to reach a lower speed when used in spring and autumn or when a car refrigerator is used for small cooling needs. However, the minimum speed of mass-produced automotive compressors in the prior art is 800rpm, and it is impossible to achieve a lower speed, resulting in a waste of cooling capacity in the refrigeration system. In the prior art, there is a way to control the speed of the compressor by calculating the position of the motor rotor, but it is usually calculated and simulated by software, which may result in large speed fluctuations and inability to accurately control.

[0003] In view of this, there is an urgent need to provide a compressor with a low and stable rotation speed. Utility Model Content

[0004] An object of the utility model is to provide a compressor and a refrigeration system for a vehicle.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the utility model, a compressor is provided, comprising:

[0006] A housing, wherein a working chamber and an electric control chamber separated from each other are formed in the housing;

[0007] A crankshaft, the crankshaft is located in the working chamber, and a first end of the crankshaft extends into the electric control chamber;

[0008] A rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor and the stator are both located in the working chamber, and the stator is fixed to the housing. The rotor is assembled on the crankshaft and matches the position of the stator to drive the crankshaft to rotate;

[0009] A magnetic ring, the magnetic ring is located in the electric control cavity and is assembled on the first end of the crankshaft and can rotate with the crankshaft;

[0010] A Hall chip, the Hall chip is located in the electric control cavity and corresponds to the position of the magnetic ring; the Hall chip is configured to collect the magnetic field changes when the magnetic ring rotates to determine the position information of the rotor, and convert the position information into an electrical signal;

[0011] The stator is connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit is configured to receive the electrical signal to control the output current of the stator.

[0012] Optionally, the compressor further comprises a shaft seal, the outer ring of the shaft seal is in close contact with the housing, and the sealing sheet of the inner ring is in contact with the crankshaft to seal and separate the working chamber and the electronic control chamber.

[0013] Optionally, the magnetic ring is assembled on the crankshaft via a pin, and the pin is interference fit with the magnetic ring and the crankshaft respectively.

[0014] Optionally, the compressor further includes a circuit board, which is disposed in the electric control cavity, and the control circuit and the Hall chip are both integrated on the circuit board.

[0015] Optionally, the distance between the Hall chip and the magnetic ring is 3 to 8 mm.

[0016] Optionally, the compressor further comprises a moving plate and a stationary plate, and both the moving plate and the stationary plate are located in the working chamber;

[0017] The static plate is fixed on the housing, and the dynamic plate is located inside the static plate and assembled on the second end of the crankshaft;

[0018] The moving plate can rotate along with the crankshaft to form a vortex in the working chamber.

[0019] Optionally, an air inlet is provided on the shell, and the air inlet is used to inject functional medium into the interior of the shell.

[0020] Optionally, the stator is located outside the rotor and a first flow channel is provided between the stator and the housing, an air gap is provided between the stator and the rotor, and both the first flow channel and the air gap are connected to the air inlet.

[0021] Optionally, relative to the electric control chamber, the housing is equipped with an exhaust end cover on a side close to the working chamber, and an exhaust pipe is provided on the exhaust end cover, and the exhaust pipe can separate the functional medium;

[0022] A high-pressure chamber and an oil return chamber are formed between the exhaust end cover and the static plate, and an exhaust hole is provided on the static plate, and the exhaust hole is connected to the exhaust pipe through the high-pressure chamber;

[0023] The exhaust end cover is provided with an oil return hole, a second flow channel is formed between the exhaust end cover and the exhaust pipe, and the second flow channel is connected with the oil return chamber through the oil return hole.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the utility model, a refrigeration system for a vehicle is provided, comprising the compressor described in the first aspect.

[0025] One of the technical effects of the utility model is that, by arranging a magnetic ring at the first end of the crankshaft and arranging a Hall chip and a control circuit in the electronic control chamber, the rotation speed of the crankshaft can be transmitted to the control circuit through the induction between the magnetic ring and the Hall chip during rotation, and the output current of the stator can be accurately controlled by the control circuit, so that the compressor can achieve a low speed.

[0026] Furthermore, the first end of the crankshaft is extended into the electronic control chamber, so that the Hall chip can be arranged outside the working chamber, thereby preventing the refrigerant, refrigeration oil and other media in the working chamber from corroding the Hall chip, and enabling the compressor to be mass-produced.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present utility model and, together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 1 The utility model discloses a compressor.

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the compressor taken along the F axis is provided.

[0031] Figure 3 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a shaft seal of a compressor.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Exhaust end cover; 2. Exhaust pipe; 3. Static disk; 4. Capillary throttle valve; 5. Moving disk; 6. Eccentric sleeve; 7. Crankshaft; 8. Auxiliary bearing; 9. Pin; 10. Magnetic ring; 11. Hall chip; 12. Control circuit; 12-1, circuit board; 13. Shaft seal; 14. Stator; 15. Rotor; 16. Housing; 17. Main bearing; 18. Moving disk bearing.

[0034] A. High-pressure chamber; B. Oil return chamber; C. Bearing chamber; D. Working chamber; E. Electronic control chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the present invention, its application, or uses.

[0037] Techniques and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0038] In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0039] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, according to the first aspect of the utility model, a compressor is provided, comprising: a housing 16, a crankshaft 7, a rotor 15, a stator 14, a magnetic ring 10, a Hall chip 11 and a control circuit 12, wherein the housing 16 is formed with a working chamber D and an electric control chamber E separated from each other; the crankshaft 7 is located in the working chamber D, and its first end extends into the electric control chamber E; the rotor 15 and the stator 14 are both located in the working chamber D, and the stator 14 is fixed on the housing 16, and the rotor 15 is assembled on the crankshaft 7 and matches the position of the stator 14 to drive the When the crankshaft 7 rotates, the magnetic ring 10 is located in the electric control cavity E and is assembled on the first end of the crankshaft 7, and can rotate with the crankshaft 7; the Hall chip 11 is located in the electric control cavity E and corresponds to the position of the magnetic ring 10; the Hall chip 11 is configured to collect the magnetic field changes when the magnetic ring 10 rotates, so as to determine the position information of the rotor 15, and convert the position information into an electrical signal; the stator 14 is connected to the control circuit 12, and the control circuit 12 is configured to receive the electrical signal to control the output current of the stator 14.

[0041] Specifically, refer to Figure 2-Figure 3 In the present application, the electric control chamber E in the housing 16 is used to set the electric control components of the compressor, and the working chamber D mainly provides working space for the rotor 15 (assembly) and the stator 14 (assembly) and the compression components (such as the moving plate 5, the fixed plate, etc.). Since functional media such as lubricating oil and refrigerant usually need to be added to the working chamber D, in order to avoid corrosion or damage to the electric control components of the compressor, the electric control chamber E and the working chamber D are separated. In actual production, the separation can be carried out by the internal shape of the housing 16, or the two chambers can be separated by other seals, and the present application does not limit this.

[0042] During the operation of the compressor, the rotor 15 is assembled on the crankshaft 7, and is usually interference fit with the crankshaft 7, and can provide a power source for the crankshaft 7, while the stator 14 is usually fixedly mounted on the housing 16, and the rotor 15 is located in the middle of the stator 14, and cooperates with the stator 14 to drive the crankshaft 7 to rotate. The compressor is usually used in the refrigeration system of the car. In spring and autumn or when the refrigeration capacity is small, the compressor needs to run at a lower speed, otherwise it will cause a waste of cooling capacity.

[0043] In the present application, a magnetic ring 10 is arranged on the crankshaft 7, and a Hall chip 11 is arranged at a position corresponding to the magnetic ring 10, so that when the rotor 15 rotates and drives the crankshaft 7 to rotate, the magnetic ring 10 can rotate with the crankshaft 7, and the Hall chip 11 can collect the magnetic field changes when the magnetic ring 10 rotates, and the actual angular position of the rotor 15 (crankshaft 7) can be obtained through the magnetic field changes. After the Hall chip 11 converts this position information into an electrical signal, the control circuit 12 can receive this electrical signal and compare it with the set target position of the rotor 15 to calculate the control strategy, so that the output current of the stator 14 can be controlled according to actual needs, and the direction and speed (position information) of the rotor 15 can be adjusted to keep the actual position and target position of the rotor 15 consistent, thereby achieving the low speed requirement of the compressor.

[0044] In the above process, a closed-loop control is implemented for the rotation speed of the compressor, so that the rotor 15 of the compressor can be controlled at a lower rotation speed, and the rotation speed is more stable and the control is more precise, thereby avoiding the waste of cooling capacity under small cooling capacity requirements.

[0045] Furthermore, in the present application, the first end of the crankshaft 7 is extended to the electrically controlled chamber E, so that the magnetic ring 10 and the Hall chip 11 can be integrated in the electrically controlled chamber E, isolating the functional media such as the refrigeration oil and the refrigerant in the working chamber D from direct contact with the Hall chip 11, and avoiding the risk of the Hall chip 11 being corroded by the functional media; in addition, the structure of the Hall chip 11 and the magnetic ring 10 is relatively small, and arranging them in the electrically controlled chamber E can ensure that the structure of the entire compressor is simple and compact, so that the compressor can be mass-produced.

[0046] In the above embodiment, the signal transmission between the control circuit 12 and the Hall chip 11, and the control strategy after the control circuit 12 receives the electrical signal are both commonly used control strategies in the field, and no complicated control programming is required, which will not be elaborated in this application.

[0047] Optionally, refer to Figure 2-Figure 3 The compressor further includes a shaft seal 13, the outer ring of the shaft seal 13 is in close contact with the housing 16, and the sealing sheet of the inner ring is in contact with the crankshaft 7 to seal and separate the working chamber D and the electronic control chamber E.

[0048] In practical applications, in order to ensure the sealed separation between the electric control chamber E and the working chamber D, sealing rings, sealing oil, etc. are usually used to seal the structure to prevent the functional medium in the working chamber D from flowing into the electric control chamber E, causing corrosion and short circuit of the electric control components.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first end of the crankshaft 7 extends from the working chamber D to the electric control chamber E, and the electric control chamber E and the working chamber D of the compressor are sealed and separated by the shaft seal 13, that is, the outer ring of the shaft seal 13 is close to the inner side of the shell 16, and the sealing plate of the inner ring of the shaft seal 13 is in sealing contact with the crankshaft 7, so as to seal the functional media such as refrigerant and lubricating oil in the working chamber D, so that they will not penetrate into the electric control chamber E, making the structure of the entire compressor more compact and simple.

[0050] Optionally, refer to Figure 3 The magnetic ring 10 is assembled on the crankshaft 7 through a pin 9, and the pin 9 is interference fit with the magnetic ring 10 and the crankshaft 7 respectively.

[0051] Specifically, the magnetic ring 10 can be sleeved on the first end of the crankshaft 7, or can be glued to the first end of the crankshaft 7 by glue or the like. In the present embodiment, the magnetic ring 10 is assembled on the crankshaft 7 by a pin shaft, wherein the pin 9, the magnetic ring 10 and the crankshaft 7 are all interference fit, so that the assembly of the magnetic ring 10 and the crankshaft 7 is more tight and durable, the stability of the magnetic ring 10 is improved, and the distance between the Hall chip 11 and the magnetic ring 10 is more stable, which is conducive to the accurate collection of the position information of the rotor 15.

[0052] Optionally, refer to Figure 2-Figure 3 The compressor further includes a circuit board 12 - 1 , which is disposed in the electric control cavity E. The control circuit 12 and the Hall chip 11 are both integrated on the circuit board.

[0053] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first end of the crankshaft 7 extends into the electric control cavity E, so that the Hall chip 11 and the magnetic ring 10 can be integrated in the electric control cavity E, which not only isolates the contact between the Hall chip 11 and the functional medium, but also enables the Hall chip 11 and the control circuit 12 to be integrated on the circuit board 12-1 in the electric control cavity E, while reducing the space occupied by the working cavity D and the electric control cavity E.

[0054] Optionally, the distance between the Hall chip 11 and the magnetic ring 10 is 3-8 mm.

[0055] In practical applications, the distance between the Hall chip 11 and the magnetic ring 10 should not be too far or too close to ensure that the Hall chip 11 can accurately detect the magnetic field changes of the magnetic ring 10. In the present application, the distance between the Hall chip 11 and the magnetic ring 10 is set between 3 and 8 mm, which improves the accuracy of detection and further ensures the accuracy of low-speed control of the compressor.

[0056] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 The compressor also includes a moving plate 5 and a stator plate 3, both of which are located in the working chamber D; the stator plate 3 is fixed to the housing 16, the moving plate 5 is located on the inner side of the stator plate 3, and is assembled on the second end of the crankshaft 7; the moving plate 5 can rotate with the crankshaft 7 to form a vortex in the working chamber D.

[0057] Specifically, electric compressors for automobiles usually use scroll compressors, which have simple structure, small size, light weight, good balance, small vibration, stable operation, and low noise, making the comfort level in the car higher. In this embodiment, the static plate 3 is fixed in the housing 16, and the dynamic plate 5 is assembled on the second end of the crankshaft 7. In actual operation, the dynamic plate 5 rotates with the crankshaft 7. If a functional medium flows into the working chamber D, a vortex can be formed on the inner side of the static plate 3 to compress the functional medium and realize the function of the compressor.

[0058] Optionally, an air inlet is provided on the shell 16 , and the air inlet is used to inject a functional medium into the shell 16 .

[0059] Specifically, in actual applications, a functional medium formed by a mixture of lubricating oil and refrigerant can flow into the working chamber D through the air inlet hole. On the one hand, the lubricating oil can lubricate the rotor 15, the stator 14, the moving plate 5, the static plate 3 and various assembly structures (such as the main bearing 17, the auxiliary bearing 8, the moving plate bearing 18, the eccentric sleeve 6, etc.). On the other hand, the refrigerant can circulate the medium of the entire refrigeration system through the compression of the moving plate 5, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the operation of the entire compressor.

[0060] Optionally, refer to Figure 2 The stator 14 is located outside the rotor 15 and has a first flow channel between it and the housing 16. An air gap is left between the stator 14 and the rotor 15. Both the first flow channel and the air gap are connected to the air inlet.

[0061] Specifically, in actual applications, there is a first flow channel between the stator 14 and the housing 16, and an air gap between the stator 14 and the rotor 15, so that the lubricating oil can fully lubricate the stator 14 and the rotor 15, and the functional medium can flow smoothly into the working area (between the moving disk 5 and the static disk 3).

[0062] Optionally, refer to Figure 2-Figure 3 , relative to the electronically controlled chamber E, the housing 16 is equipped with an exhaust end cover 1 on a side close to the working chamber D, and an exhaust pipe 2 is arranged on the exhaust end cover 1, and the exhaust pipe 2 can separate the functional medium; a high-pressure chamber A and an oil return chamber B are formed between the exhaust end cover 1 and the static plate 3, and an exhaust hole is reserved on the static plate 3, and the exhaust hole is connected with the exhaust pipe 2 through the high-pressure chamber A; an oil return hole is arranged on the exhaust end cover 1, and a second flow channel is formed between the exhaust end cover 1 and the exhaust pipe 2, and the second flow channel is connected with the oil return chamber B through the oil return hole.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, a mixture (functional medium) of low-temperature lubricating oil and refrigerant (coolant) enters the shell 16 through the air inlet hole, and the left inner wall (with Figure 2 For example, the refrigerant is cooled through the first flow channel between the cut edge on the stator 14 and the shell 16 and the air gap between the stator 14 and the rotor 15 to cool the motor, and then flows from the channel on the shell 16 into the vortex profile of the stator plate 3 and the moving plate 5 to form a working chamber D. The remaining part of the lubricating oil forms an oil film to lubricate and seal the moving and stator plate 3 profiles. Then the mixture is compressed and discharged from the exhaust hole of the stator plate 3 to the high-pressure chamber A, and passes through the high-pressure chamber A composed of the back side of the stator plate 3 and the inner wall of the exhaust end cover 1. The refrigerant and lubricating oil mixture enters the second flow channel composed of the exhaust end cover 1 and the exhaust pipe 2. Through the separation effect of the exhaust pipe 2 (cyclone separator), a part of the lubricating oil is separated and returned to the back side of the stator plate 3 and the inner wall of the exhaust end cover 1 to form the oil return chamber B through the oil return hole on the exhaust end cover 1 under the action of gravity. The refrigerant gas and some unseparated lubricating oil are discharged from the compressor through the channel of the exhaust pipe 2 and continue to participate in the refrigeration system cycle.

[0064] In the above structure, a channel can be provided at the bottom of the oil return chamber B to connect to the bearing chamber C and other places to lubricate the bearing and other connecting parts. A capillary throttle valve 4 can be provided at the bottom of the oil return chamber B to ensure the amount of oil return, so that the compressor can maintain high performance and low wear, and improve the reliability of the compressor.

[0065] According to a second aspect of the utility model, a refrigeration system for a vehicle is provided, comprising the compressor described in the first aspect.

[0066] Specifically, the refrigeration system of the vehicle provided in the present application adopts the compressor provided in the first aspect, which has a compact structure and occupies a small space, and its rotation speed can be accurately controlled at low speed through closed-loop feedback, thereby avoiding waste of cooling capacity of the refrigeration system and improving the comfort inside the vehicle.

[0067] The above embodiments focus on the differences between the various embodiments. As long as the different optimization features between the various embodiments are not contradictory, they can be combined to form a better embodiment. Considering the simplicity of the text, they will not be repeated here.

[0068] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A compressor, characterized in that: include: A housing, wherein a working chamber and an electric control chamber separated from each other are formed in the housing; A crankshaft, the crankshaft is located in the working chamber, and a first end of the crankshaft extends into the electric control chamber; A rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor and the stator are both located in the working chamber, and the stator is fixed to the housing. The rotor is assembled on the crankshaft and matches the position of the stator to drive the crankshaft to rotate; A magnetic ring, the magnetic ring is located in the electric control cavity and is assembled on the first end of the crankshaft and can rotate with the crankshaft; A Hall chip, the Hall chip is located in the electric control cavity and corresponds to the position of the magnetic ring; the Hall chip is configured to collect the magnetic field changes when the magnetic ring rotates to determine the position information of the rotor, and convert the position information into an electrical signal; The stator is connected to the control circuit, and the control circuit is configured to receive the electrical signal to control the output current of the stator.

2. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a shaft seal, the outer ring of which is in close contact with the housing, and the sealing sheet of the inner ring is in contact with the crankshaft to seal and separate the working chamber and the electric control chamber.

3. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The magnetic ring is assembled on the crankshaft through a pin, and the pin is interference fit with the magnetic ring and the crankshaft respectively.

4. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a circuit board, which is arranged in the electric control cavity, and the control circuit and the Hall chip are integrated on the circuit board.

5. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The distance between the Hall chip and the magnetic ring is 3-8 mm.

6. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a moving disk and a static disk, both of which are located in the working chamber; The static plate is fixed on the housing, and the dynamic plate is located inside the static plate and assembled on the second end of the crankshaft; The moving plate can rotate along with the crankshaft to form a vortex in the working chamber.

7. The compressor according to claim 6, characterized in that The shell is provided with an air inlet hole, and the air inlet hole is used to inject functional medium into the interior of the shell.

8. The compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that The stator is located outside the rotor, and a first flow channel is provided between the stator and the housing. An air gap is provided between the stator and the rotor, and both the first flow channel and the air gap are communicated with the air inlet.

9. The compressor according to claim 8, characterized in that Relative to the electric control chamber, the housing is equipped with an exhaust end cover on one side close to the working chamber, and the exhaust end cover is provided with an exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe can separate the functional medium; A high-pressure chamber and an oil return chamber are formed between the exhaust end cover and the static plate, and an exhaust hole is provided on the static plate, and the exhaust hole is connected to the exhaust pipe through the high-pressure chamber; The exhaust end cover is provided with an oil return hole, a second flow channel is formed between the exhaust end cover and the exhaust pipe, and the second flow channel is connected with the oil return chamber through the oil return hole.

10. A refrigeration system for a vehicle, characterized in that: A compressor comprising the compressor described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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