One-transmitting and multi-receiving rail bottom welding seam scanning device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a one-transmitting and multi-receiving rail bottom welding seam scanning device, which belongs to the technical field of railway welding seam flaw detection, and can complete scanning of the cross section of a rail bottom by respectively installing a transmitting probe and ten receiving probes on two sides of a vertical surface of the rail bottom and moving the transmitting probe. The ten receiving probes are installed in the shell through springs, magnets are designed at the two ends of the shell to be attracted and fixed to a steel rail, and it is guaranteed that the ten receiving probes are tightly attached to the wall face of the steel rail through the springs. According to the utility model, low flaw detection efficiency and missed detection phenomena caused by manual handheld double probes are effectively avoided, the flaw detection efficiency is high, the influence of human factors is small, the missed detection rate is low, and the problems in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of railway weld flaw detection, in particular to a rail weld flaw detection scanning device. Background Art

[0002] During the welding process of rails, defects are generated due to unstable welding equipment, improper selection of process parameters, quality problems of rail parent materials, etc. Some of them are volumetric, such as looseness and slag inclusions; some are planar, such as microcracks, gray spots, and unwelded. In order to ensure driving safety, defects must be detected as early as possible. Volumetric defects are easy to detect, and generally a common single probe can be used. Planar defects are very dangerous. Not only does it reduce the effective cross-section of the rail, but it can also cause stress concentration, and even lead to the pulling of the weld or the breaking of the rail. Planar defects are generally perpendicular to the rail tread. Except for a few planar defects close to the interface, dual probes are generally required. At present, manual handheld dual probes are used on site to scan the bottom of the rail. The handheld transmitting ultrasonic probe and the receiving probe move towards each other at the same speed to complete the scanning of the bottom of the rail. Disadvantages of this method:

[0003] This is difficult to achieve during weld flaw detection. The transmitting probe and the receiving probe move towards each other at the same speed, so the receiving probe cannot receive the defect transmission wave.

[0004] In the process of flaw detection using manual handheld dual probes, the flaw detection time is long, the flaw detection efficiency is low, and missed detection is prone to occur. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above problems, the utility model proposes a rail bottom weld scanning device with one-shot and multiple-receiver function, which effectively avoids the low efficiency and missed detection of manual handheld dual-probe flaw detection. It has high flaw detection efficiency, is less affected by human factors, and has a low missed detection rate, thus solving the problems in the prior art.

[0006] The utility model discloses a rail bottom weld scanning device with one-transmit and multiple-receive functions, comprising a transmitting end arranged on one side of a vertical surface of a steel rail bottom and a receiving end fixed on the other side of the vertical surface of the steel rail bottom.

[0007] The transmitting end is a transmitting probe, and the receiving end is 10 receiving probes installed in the shell. The shell is a slot-shaped structure, and the 10 receiving probes are arranged inside. The detection surfaces of the 10 receiving probes face the same direction and are arranged along the front and back direction of the shell. The detection surfaces are flush. The 10 receiving probes are connected to the shell through a spring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the receiving probe, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom surface of the shell.

[0008] Magnets are fixedly installed on the front and rear end surfaces of the shell; the magnets and the rails adsorb and fix the shell, and at the same time, 10 probes are arranged along the long direction of the rail, and the detection surfaces are close to the wall of the rail.

[0009] Therefore, after the receiving end is adsorbed and fixed to one side of the rail bottom angle vertical surface by the magnets at both ends of the shell, the 10 probe detection surfaces constitute the detection area; further, by moving the transmitting probe placed on the other side of the rail bottom angle vertical surface within the detection area, the rail bottom cross-section within the length of the detection area can be scanned.

[0010] The advantages of the utility model are:

[0011] The utility model provides a rail bottom weld scanning device, which respectively installs a transmitting probe and 10 receiving probes on the rail top and the rail bottom, and can complete the scanning of the rail bottom cross section by moving the transmitting probe, thereby greatly simplifying the flaw detection operation, having high flaw detection efficiency, being less affected by human factors, and having a low missed detection rate, and effectively avoiding the low efficiency and missed detection of manual handheld double-probe flaw detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the rail bottom weld scanning device of the utility model on the rail;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the receiving end of the rail bottom weld scanning device of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the receiving end of the rail bottom weld scanning device of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the limit plate at the receiving end in the rail bottom weld scanning device of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation method of the overlapping position of the receiving end limit plate and the joint probe in the rail bottom weld scanning device of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the detection method of the rail bottom weld scanning device of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 7 This is a calibration and detection principle diagram of the rail bottom weld scanning device of the utility model.

[0019] In the figure:

[0020] 1-transmitter 2-receiver 201-housing

[0021] 202-receiving probe 203-spring 204-magnet

[0022] 205-Limiting plate DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The utility model discloses a rail bottom weld scanning device with one-transmitter and multiple-receiver function, comprising a transmitting end 1 and a receiving end 2. Figure 1 shown.

[0025] The transmitting end 1 is a K1 transmitting probe with a probe angle of 45 degrees for transmitting ultrasonic waves.

[0026] The receiving end 2 is composed of ten K1 receiving probes 202 installed in the housing 201. Figure 2 As shown, the probe angle of the ten receiving probes is 45 degrees.

[0027] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the housing 201 is a slot-shaped structure with left and right side surfaces and a bottom surface, and 10 receiving probes 202 are arranged inside along the front-to-back direction (slot length direction), and the top surfaces of the 10 receiving probes 202 are detection surfaces, facing the same direction and flush; the distance between the incident points of the detection surfaces of two adjacent receiving probes 202 is 15mm. The 10 receiving probes 202 are connected to the housing 201 through a spring 203; one end of the spring 203 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the receiving probe 202, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom surface of the housing 201; the axis of the spring 203 is perpendicular to the inner wall of the bottom surface of the housing 201, and passes through the center of the receiving probe 202.

[0028] Two magnets 204 are further arranged inside the shell 201 . The two magnets 204 are respectively attached to the inner wall surfaces at the front and rear ends of the shell 201 and fixed to the wall surfaces by screws. The top surface of the magnet 204 is slightly lower than the detection surface of the receiving probe 202 .

[0029] Two limit plates 205 are also installed on the left and right side walls of the housing 201. Both limit plates 205 have a horizontal plate and a vertical plate, and the cross section is L-shaped. The two limit plates 205 are arranged along the front and rear direction of the housing 201, and the vertical plates are respectively fixed to the left and right side walls of the housing 201 by screws, and the horizontal plates are respectively overlapped with the shoulders designed on the left and right side walls of the 10 receiving probes 202. The two limit plates 205 limit the movement direction of the receiving probes 202, so that each receiving probe 202 can only move toward the bottom surface of the housing 201.

[0030] The receiving end 2 of the above structure can be fixed to the bottom of the rail by adsorption by the magnet 204. During the adsorption process, each receiving probe 202 will move axially along the spring 203 to compress the spring 203. The elastic force of the spring 203 can ensure that the detection end of the receiving probe 202 is in close contact with the bottom of the rail.

[0031] When the rail bottom weld scanning device of the utility model performs cross-section scanning of the rail bottom, the receiving end 2 is fixed to one side of the rail bottom angle vertical surface by adsorption through the magnets 204 at both ends of the shell 201, so that the 10 probes 202 are arranged along the long direction of the rail, and the detection surface is close to the rail bottom angle vertical surface; in order to ensure the fit between the detection surface and the rail bottom angle vertical surface, the detection side surface can be designed as a curved surface matching the vertical surface.

[0032] The incident points of the detection surface of the above 10 receiving probes 202 can divide the rail bottom into 10 sections in the long direction, each section is 15mm, and the incident points of the detection surface of the receiving probes 202 at both ends are 150mm apart, which is the detection area. The transmitting probe is placed on the other side of the rail bottom corner elevation. By moving the transmitting probe in the detection area, the cross-section scanning within the length range of 150mm of the rail bottom can be completed. Figure 6 shown.

[0033] The 6dB sound field of each receiving probe 202 at the rail bottom can reach more than 20mm; in fact, the transmitting probe moves at a repetitive transmission frequency of 400Hz, and the transmission line is dense enough, that is, the 6dB detection sound field of the transmitting probe and each receiving probe 202 at the rail bottom is continuous, and the rail bottom can be uninterruptedly detected. The rail bottom weld scanning device of the utility model can accurately find the 5th to 8th flat bottom holes of the weld test block GHT-1a.

[0034] When used on site, the rail bottom weld scanning device needs to be debugged, such as Figure 7 As shown, if the transmitting probe moves beyond the detection area, the ultrasonic wave emitted by the transmitting probe directly points to the 10 receiving probes, and the 10 receiving probes will receive a direct wave. If the sensitivity of the instrument setting can receive a 3mm transverse through hole, the amplitude of the direct wave will reach 30% to 50% of the full amplitude. When actually scanning, care should be taken to eliminate the interference of the direct wave. Therefore, the direct wave can be used to determine the sensitivity of the flaw detection at the work site. In the absence of a test block, the sensitivity can be adjusted according to the above method to adjust the direct wave to 30% to 50% of the full amplitude, which can be used as the flaw detection sensitivity. If there is no direct wave display at a certain receiving probe 202 position, the receiving probe 202 at that position is damaged and needs to be replaced.

[0035] The device is simple and quick to operate, and effectively avoids the low efficiency and missed detection of manual handheld double-probe flaw detection. It has high flaw detection efficiency, is less affected by human factors, and has a low missed detection rate.

Claims

1. A rail bottom weld scanning device with one-shot and multiple-receiver function, characterized in that: It includes a transmitting end arranged on one side of the bottom vertical surface of the steel rail and a receiving end fixed on the other side of the bottom vertical surface of the steel rail; Among them, the transmitting end is a transmitting probe; the receiving end is 10 receiving probes installed in the shell; the shell is a slot-shaped structure, and the 10 receiving probes are arranged inside, and the detection surfaces of the 10 receiving probes face the same direction and are arranged along the front and back direction of the shell, and the detection surfaces are flush; and the 10 receiving probes are connected to the shell through a spring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the receiving probe, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bottom surface of the shell; Magnets are fixedly installed on the front and rear end surfaces of the shell; the magnets and the rails adsorb and fix the shell, and at the same time, 10 probes are arranged along the long direction of the rail, and the detection surfaces are close to the wall of the rail.

2. A rail bottom weld scanning device with one-shot and multiple-receiver function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the spring is perpendicular to the inner wall of the bottom surface of the shell and passes through the center of the receiving probe.

3. The rail bottom weld scanning device with one-shot and multiple-receiver function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the incident points on the detection surfaces of two adjacent receiving probes is 15 mm.

4. The rail bottom weld scanning device with one-shot and multiple-receiver function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Two limit plates are also installed on the left and right side walls of the shell; the limit plates are composed of horizontal plates and vertical plates, and are arranged along the front and rear directions of the shell. The vertical plates are fixed to the side walls of the shell by screws, and the horizontal plates overlap the shoulders designed on the side walls of the 10 receiving probes.

5. The rail bottom weld scanning device with one-shot and multiple-receiver function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The detection surfaces of the 10 receiving probes are designed to be curved surfaces that match the vertical surface of the rail bottom.

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