Novel combined energy dissipater

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a novel combined energy dissipater. The novel combined energy dissipater comprises a combined step located on a drainage section, the combined step is formed by connecting a W-shaped step and a V-shaped step in the direction perpendicular to water flow, a trapezoidal energy dissipation pier is arranged on the horizontal plane of each step of the combined step, and the vertical face of each step of the combined step is folded inwards to form a concave angle. The bottom of the combined step is connected with the water inlet end of the stilling pool, at least one row of opposite impact type stilling piers are arranged in the stilling pool in the transverse direction, and a plurality of wedge-shaped tail piers are arranged at the tail of the stilling pool and combined with the tail sill. According to the novel combined energy dissipater, a more comprehensive energy dissipation facility is provided, single energy dissipation is converted into multi-element energy dissipation, the better energy dissipation effect is achieved, meanwhile, the work amount is reduced, and the combined energy dissipater is more convenient and simpler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and specifically is a new type of combined energy dissipation facility. Technical Background

[0002] China has always been a major country in water conservancy, and flood discharge and energy dissipation have always been a complex and major issue in water conservancy construction. Reasonable selection of safe and economical energy dissipation methods can ensure that the discharge structure fully dissipates energy during operation and ensure the safety of the downstream river.

[0003] In the current energy dissipation design of hydraulic structures, there are three common energy dissipation methods: surface flow energy dissipation, diversion flow energy dissipation, and bottom flow energy dissipation. Among them, bottom flow energy dissipation is the most important flood discharge energy dissipation method, mainly setting up energy dissipation pools and energy dissipation sills downstream of the dam site. It has the advantages of stable flow, good energy dissipation effect, strong adaptability to geological conditions, and light flood discharge atomization. In the construction environment of ecological and environmental friendly concepts, it is favored by many water conservancy planners and builders.

[0004] A variety of structures such as stepped spillways can be set up in the stilling pool to further promote the water flow to produce hydraulic jumps, and consume energy through internal friction, aeration and impact of the water flow. Under high-speed water flow, stepped spillways can better adapt to different terrains, but under large single-width flow, the energy dissipation efficiency of traditional stepped spillways will decrease. In traditional stepped spillways, the negative pressure on the vertical surface of the step close to the horizontal surface of the step is the largest, which is prone to cavitation damage.

[0005] In addition, installing energy dissipation piers in the energy dissipation pool can change the position and form of the water jump in the energy dissipation pool. The structure of the energy dissipation piers has a great influence on the energy dissipation effect. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model proposes a new type of combined energy dissipation device. The technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] A new type of combined energy dissipator, comprising a combined step located in a discharge section, the combined step being formed by connecting a W-shaped step and a V-shaped step perpendicular to the direction of the water flow, a trapezoidal energy dissipation pier being arranged on the horizontal plane of each step of the combined step, the vertical plane of each step of the combined step being folded inward to form a concave angle, the bottom of the combined step being connected to the water inlet end of the energy dissipation pool, at least one row of counter-type energy dissipation piers being arranged horizontally along the inner edge of the energy dissipation pool, a plurality of wedge-shaped tail piers being arranged at the tail of the energy dissipation pool and being combined with the tail sill.

[0008] The trapezoidal energy dissipation piers are concentrated on the protrusions of the horizontal surface of each step of the combined ladder.

[0009] There are multiple rows of counter-type energy dissipation piers in the energy dissipation pool, and each row of counter-type energy dissipation piers are staggered.

[0010] The counter-impact type energy dissipation pier has a hole, and the diameter of the hole gradually increases along the water flow direction and remains unchanged in the latter half.

[0011] The wedge-shaped tail pier is a right-angled trapezoidal wedge, which is evenly spaced on the tail sill, and the two sides of the tail sill are connected to the side walls; the trapezoidal inclined surface of the wedge-shaped tail pier is connected to the water-facing inclined surface of the tail sill, the other trapezoidal straight surface is the top surface, and the square surface perpendicular to the trapezoidal straight surface is the water-facing surface.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the utility model are:

[0013] (1) The combined step structure and the arrangement of trapezoidal energy dissipation piers at the convex corners of the steps can effectively solve the problem of decreased energy dissipation efficiency and cavitation erosion on the step surface as the single-width flow increases, thereby improving the energy dissipation efficiency. The combined step with concave corners can change the state of vortex shedding, promote water turbulence, increase the average aeration concentration of the mainstream section, and help improve the step's ability to resist cavitation erosion and promote energy dissipation.

[0014] (2) Arranging counter-flow energy dissipation piers in the energy dissipation pool can improve energy efficiency by utilizing the counter-flow of water flow.

[0015] (3) The wedge-shaped tail pier at the tail of the stilling pool can well connect the downstream water flow with the seafloor, and improve the flow pattern and flow velocity of the water flow. At the same time, the tail pier can disperse the water flow into several tributaries, and the water flow can be diverted horizontally and diffused vertically, which greatly consumes the residual energy of the water flow. At the same time, the inverted trapezoidal tail pier is simple in design, easy to construct, and economical in cost. The inverted trapezoidal tail pier has simple force, the pier body and the tail sill fit tightly, and the structure is stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a top view of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a wedge-shaped tail pier in an embodiment;

[0020] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an opening in an opposing force dissipating pier in an embodiment;

[0021] The numbers in the figure are: 1-combined steps; 2-trapezoidal energy dissipation pier; 3-concave corner; 4-opposing energy dissipation pier; 5-wedge-shaped tail pier; 51-trapezoidal inclined surface; 52-trapezoidal straight surface; 53-square surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0023] Embodiment 1:

[0024] A new type of combined energy dissipator, comprising a combined staircase 1 located in a discharge section, the combined staircase 1 being formed by connecting a W-shaped staircase and a V-shaped staircase perpendicular to the direction of water flow, a trapezoidal energy dissipation pier 2 being arranged on the horizontal plane of each step of the combined staircase 1, a vertical plane of each step of the combined staircase 1 being folded inward to form a concave angle 3, the bottom of the combined staircase 1 being connected to the water inlet end of the energy dissipation pool, at least one row of counter-type energy dissipation piers 4 being arranged horizontally on the inner edge of the energy dissipation pool, a plurality of wedge-shaped tail piers 5 being arranged at the tail of the energy dissipation pool and being combined with the tail sill.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the W-shaped step and the V-shaped step in the combined step 1 form raised parts and recessed parts arranged in sequence. When the water flows through the combined step 1, there is lateral diffusion at each step, the lateral water depth is distributed in a W+V shape, the aeration is strong, and the negative pressure area of ​​the step is small, which can shorten the length of the spillway and reduce the requirements for downstream energy dissipation facilities. When the water continues to flow through the concave corner 3, an energy dissipation vortex is generated at the concave corner 3 of each step. By exchanging energy with the overlying energy, the turbulence inside the vortex is used to dissipate the energy of the water flow, effectively increasing the energy dissipation effect.

[0026] Among them, the trapezoidal energy dissipation piers 2 are concentrated at the bulges of the horizontal surface of each step of the combined step 1. Since the negative pressure near the bulges on the horizontal surface of the step is relatively large, cavitation erosion is easy to occur, so the trapezoidal energy dissipation piers 2 are arranged at the bulges. When the water flows through the step, it diffuses laterally and reduces the negative pressure of the step through the trapezoidal energy dissipation piers, reducing cavitation erosion and improving energy dissipation efficiency.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, multiple rows of counter-type energy dissipation piers 4 are arranged in the energy dissipation pool, and each row of counter-type energy dissipation piers 4 are staggered. Figure 4As shown, the counter-attack type energy dissipation pier has a hole, and the diameter of the hole gradually increases along the water flow direction and remains unchanged in the latter half. By changing the speed direction of the water flow in the energy dissipation pool, the water flows acting on the energy dissipation pier can be counteracted with each other to achieve rapid energy dissipation.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the wedge-shaped tail pier 5 is a right-angled trapezoidal wedge, which is evenly spaced on the tail sill, and the two sides of the tail sill are connected to the side walls; the trapezoidal inclined surface 51 of the wedge-shaped tail pier 5 is connected to the water-facing inclined surface of the tail sill, the other trapezoidal straight surface 52 is the top surface, and the square surface 53 perpendicular to the trapezoidal straight surface is the water-facing surface.

[0029] When the reservoir begins to discharge flood water, the water flows down along the spillway. Before reaching the wedge-shaped tail pier 5, the square surface 53 as the water-facing surface helps to reduce the impact stress of the incoming flow and eliminate the residual energy. Then, the differential structure between the wedge-shaped tail pier 5 and the tail sill divides the downstream water flow into multiple tributaries. The tributaries are guided by the tail sill of the energy dissipation pool to carry the water flow to the downstream sea, effectively utilizing the longitudinal space of the outlet of the tail sill of the energy dissipation pool, so that the air energy dissipation is significantly enhanced. During this period, part of the energy is offset by the tail sill of the energy dissipation pool and the potential energy: the remaining tributary energy is directly dissipated by the wedge-shaped tail pier 5 and then diffused and eliminated horizontally above the tail sill of the energy dissipation pool. The downstream tributaries diffuse longitudinally and horizontally on the tail sill, which greatly enhances the energy dissipation effect, shortens the length of the energy dissipation pool, reduces the construction cost, improves the downstream ecological environment, greatly weakens the high-speed water energy, ensures that the downstream riverbed, bank slope and buildings are protected from scouring and damage, and effectively solves the problem of energy dissipation and anti-scouring downstream of the discharge structure.

[0030] In summary, compared with the existing energy dissipation works, the utility model has the following advantages: ① The combination of steps 1 and the arrangement of trapezoidal energy dissipation piers 2 at the protrusions of each step can well solve the problem of decreased energy dissipation efficiency and cavitation erosion of the step surface with the increase of single-width flow, and improve the energy dissipation efficiency. ② The arrangement of the counter-type energy dissipation pier 4 in the energy dissipation pool utilizes the counter-flow of water flow to improve the efficiency. ③ The wedge-shaped tail pier 5 is arranged at the tail of the energy dissipation pool, which can well connect the downstream water flow with the sea flooding, and well improve the flow state and flow velocity of the water flow. At the same time, the tail pier can disperse the water flow into several tributaries and diffuse it longitudinally while diverting it horizontally, which greatly consumes the residual energy of the water flow. At the same time, the wedge-shaped design is simple, easy to construct, and economical in cost. The wedge-shaped tail pier has simple force, the pier body and the tail sill are tightly fitted, and the structure is stable. ④ More comprehensive energy dissipation facilities, from single energy dissipation to multiple energy dissipation, have better energy dissipation effect. Reduced engineering volume is more convenient and simple.

Claims

1. A new type of combined energy dissipator, characterized in that: The novel combined energy dissipation device comprises a combined staircase located in the discharge section, the combined staircase is formed by connecting a W-shaped staircase and a V-shaped staircase perpendicular to the water flow direction, a trapezoidal energy dissipation pier is arranged on the horizontal plane of each step of the combined staircase, the vertical surface of each step of the combined staircase is folded inward to form a concave angle, the bottom of the combined staircase is connected to the water inlet end of the energy dissipation pool, at least one row of counter-type energy dissipation piers is arranged horizontally on the inner edge of the energy dissipation pool, and a plurality of wedge-shaped tail piers are arranged at the tail of the energy dissipation pool and combined with the tail sill.

2. A new type of combined energy dissipator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The trapezoidal energy dissipation piers are concentrated on the protrusions of the horizontal surface of each step of the combined ladder.

3. A new type of combined energy dissipator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple rows of counter-type energy dissipation piers in the energy dissipation pool, and each row of counter-type energy dissipation piers are staggered.

4. A new type of combined energy dissipator as claimed in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The counter-impact type energy dissipation pier has a hole, and the diameter of the hole gradually increases along the water flow direction and remains unchanged in the latter half.

5. A new type of combined energy dissipator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The wedge-shaped tail pier is a right-angled trapezoidal wedge, which is evenly spaced on the tail sill, and the two sides of the tail sill are connected to the side walls; the trapezoidal inclined surface of the wedge-shaped tail pier is connected to the water-facing inclined surface of the tail sill, the other trapezoidal straight surface is the top surface, and the square surface perpendicular to the trapezoidal straight surface is the water-facing surface.

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