Car coupler buffer device and car coupler
By installing the first buffer pad at the open end of the cushioning element housing of the hook buffer device to buffer part of the impact force, the instantaneous force problem generated by the EFG buffer during the collision is solved, ensuring the improvement of the operation sequence and safety performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420923496.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-29
AI Technical Summary
During the collision of rail transit vehicles, the EFG buffer has a huge instantaneous force due to the high initial collision speed and large collision energy, which affects the operation sequence and safety protection performance of the hook and cushion device.
A hook buffering device is designed, by installing a first buffer pad at the open end of the buffer element housing and transmitting impact force through a force transmission rod, the first buffer pad is used to buffer part of the impact force to ensure the operating sequence and safety performance of the buffer.
It effectively reduces the instantaneous force generated by the EFG buffer during the collision, ensures the impact action sequence of the hook and slows down device, and improves safety protection performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN222663440U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rail transportation, and relates to a coupler buffer device and a coupler. Background Art
[0002] The buffer is an important component of the coupler buffer device. During daily vehicle operation, it can alleviate the longitudinal impact on the train and improve passenger comfort. When an accidental collision occurs, it can absorb a large amount of collision energy and cooperate with other energy absorption devices to ensure the safety of passengers.
[0003] According to the mechanism of action, the coupler buffer can be divided into several types: gas-liquid buffer, clay buffer, EFG buffer, rubber buffer, etc. EFG buffer has been widely used in urban rail vehicles due to its low cost and good comprehensive performance.
[0004] Figure 1 The structure of the EFG buffer in the prior art is shown. In the urban rail vehicle coupler, the EFG buffer 1 is generally used in conjunction with the crush pipe component 2 and the coupler shear device 3 (specially made breaking bolts or shear bolts). During the design process, the working force values of the EFG buffer 1, the crush pipe component 2, and the shear device 3 are controlled so that when a vehicle collision occurs, the EFG buffer 1, the crush pipe component 2, and the shear device 3 are sequentially operated to absorb the collision energy.
[0005] However, in the actual collision process, due to the short collision time (about 0.15s), the various components of the coupling buffer also have a mutual motion relationship, which will cause a large relative acceleration between the components, that is, a large interaction force. In particular, the EFG buffer, as the first component to move during the collision of the coupling buffer, has its compression stroke realized by the rigid contact between the limit joint and the buffer housing.
[0006] During the collision, due to the high initial collision speed, large collision energy, and limited energy absorption of the EFG buffer, the EFG buffer is compressed rapidly in the initial stage of the collision. The limit joint, as a force transmission component, has a rigid contact between its rear end face and the front end face of the EFG buffer. At this time, the collision speed is still high and the collision energy is large, which will generate a huge instantaneous force between the limit joint and the buffer shell. The limit joint is connected to the rear end of the crush tube component, and this instantaneous force has no effect on the deformation of the buffer; the buffer shell is directly connected to the shearing device, and this instantaneous force will act on the shearing device together with the compression force on the hook buffer, so that the force on the shearing device is significantly higher than the force on the crush tube component, which may cause the shearing device to act before the crush tube component, affecting the passive safety protection performance of the hook buffer. Utility Model Content
[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems, and to provide a coupler buffer device and the application of the coupler buffer device on the coupler, so as to ensure the coordinated action sequence between the various components during the impact of the buffer and ensure the safety protection performance of the buffer.
[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:
[0009] A coupler buffer device, comprising:
[0010] A buffer element housing: capable of being connected to a vehicle end, wherein a buffer element is arranged inside the buffer element housing and has an open end;
[0011] A force transmission rod is inserted into the open end of the buffer element housing and connected to the buffer element to transmit the impact force of the vehicle to the buffer element;
[0012] A first buffer pad is installed at the open end of the buffer element housing, facing the force transmission rod, or installed on the force transmission rod, facing the open end of the buffer element housing;
[0013] The portion of the force transfer rod that cooperates with the buffer element has a first rod diameter section, and the portion of the force transfer rod that extends to the outside of the buffer element shell has a second rod diameter section, and the size of the second rod diameter section is configured to be able to contact the first buffer pad when it transmits impact force and compresses the buffer element.
[0014] In some embodiments of the utility model, the utility model further comprises an outer shell, wherein the outer shell is installed outside the housing of the buffer element;
[0015] The opening end of the outer shell and the opening end of the buffer element shell are located on the same side; the outer shell and the buffer element shell are connected via a fixing member, and a second buffer pad is arranged between the fixing member and the outer shell.
[0016] In some embodiments of the utility model, the outer shell and the buffer element shell are fixed via multiple groups of fixing parts, and a second buffer pad is arranged between each group of fixing parts and the outer shell.
[0017] In some embodiments of the utility model, the edge of the open end of the buffer element shell is located on the inner side of the edge of the open end of the outer shell, and after the first buffer pad is installed on the buffer element shell, the outer surface of the first buffer pad is located on the inner side of the open end of the outer shell.
[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the first buffer pad is greater than the thickness of the second buffer pad.
[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first buffer pad is arranged around the entire open end of the buffer element shell.
[0020] In some embodiments of the utility model, a crush energy absorbing device is further included, which is connected to the force transfer rod; the force transfer rod transfers the impact force to the crush energy absorbing device, and after the crush energy absorbing device is triggered, the first buffer pad buffers the impact force, the buffer element is compressed, and after the second buffer pad buffers the impact force, the outer shell is disconnected from the buffer shell.
[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first buffer pad is adhered to the open end of the buffer element shell.
[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first buffer pad is a rubber pad.
[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second buffer pad is a rubber pad.
[0024] In some embodiments of the utility model, a crushing energy absorption device is further included, which is connected to the force transmission rod.
[0025] Some embodiments of the utility model further provide a coupler, comprising the above-mentioned coupler buffer device.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the coupler buffer device provided by the utility model are:
[0027] In order to solve the problem of possible action sequence of the coupler buffer device with EFG buffer during collision, this patent proposes a new structure of the coupler buffer device, which designs a first buffer pad at the open end of the inner shell. During the action of the force transmission part, the first buffer pad acts to buffer part of the impact force. The improved coupler buffer device can effectively reduce the instantaneous force generated by the EFG buffer itself during collision and ensure the impact action sequence of the whole coupler buffer device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the EFG buffer structure in the prior art.
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coupler buffer device provided by the utility model from a first perspective.
[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the coupler buffer device provided by the utility model from a second viewing angle.
[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a coupler buffer device provided by the utility model.
[0033] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the coupler buffer device provided by the utility model.
[0034] In the above figures:
[0035] 1-EFG buffer;
[0036] 2-Compression tube composition;
[0037] 3-coupler shearing device;
[0038] 4-buffer element housing;
[0039] 5- buffer element;
[0040] 6-force transmission rod, 601-pin shaft hole;
[0041] 7- first cushion;
[0042] 8- outer shell;
[0043] 9-Fixer;
[0044] 10- second cushion;
[0045] 11- Mounting seat;
[0046] 12-Hook head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.
[0048] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the fixed connection described in the present application can be a detachable fixed connection or an integrated fixed connection; the indication of the orientation or positional relationship is based on the positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0049] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not intended to imply relative importance.
[0050] The first embodiment of the utility model provides a coupler buffer device, in particular, a coupler buffer device in the form of an EFG buffer. The coupler buffer device comprises an EFG buffer 1, a crushing tube assembly 2 and a coupler shearing device 3.
[0051] The structure of the EFG buffer 1 part is as follows.
[0052] The buffer element housing 4 can be connected to the vehicle end (mounted to the vehicle via the mounting seat 11 at the rear end), and a buffer element 5 is arranged inside the buffer element housing 4, and the buffer element housing 4 has an open end; the buffer element 5 is a rubber block.
[0053] The force transmission rod 6 extends into the buffer element housing through the open end thereof and is connected to the buffer element 5 so as to transmit the impact force received by the vehicle to the buffer element 5 .
[0054] A first buffer pad 7 is mounted at the open end of the buffer element housing, facing the force transmission rod;
[0055] The portion of the force transmission rod 6 that cooperates with the buffer element 5 has a first rod diameter section, and the portion of the force transmission rod 6 that extends outside the buffer element housing 4 has a second rod diameter section, and the radial dimension of the second rod diameter section is greater than the radial dimension of the first rod diameter section. The size of the second rod diameter section is configured so that when it transmits the impact force and moves toward the inside of the buffer element housing 4 to compress the buffer element 5, it can contact the first buffer pad 7.
[0056] The force transmission rod 6 is provided with a pin hole 601 , and the crush energy absorbing device 3 of the buffer device comprises a crush tube, which is connected to the force transmission rod 6 via a pin.
[0057] The first buffer pad 7 can be a rubber pad, and its thickness can be selected as needed. To solve the problem of installing the first buffer pad 7, it can be pasted on the open end of the buffer element housing 4. In order to ensure the effect of the first buffer pad 7, the first buffer pad 7 is arranged around the entire open end of the buffer element housing, so that the entire end surface of the force transmission rod 6 can cooperate with the first buffer pad 7.
[0058] In this embodiment, the crushing energy absorbing device 3 can be connected to the coupler buffer device on the other end of the vehicle body. The force transmission rod 6 transmits the impact force received by the crushing energy absorbing device 3, moves toward the inside of the buffer element housing 4, and compresses the buffer element 5. During the compression movement of the force transmission rod 6, it contacts the first buffer pad 7, and the first buffer pad 7 buffers part of the impact force. After the compression stroke of the first buffer pad 7 is used up, the force transmission rod 6 further compresses the buffer element 5.
[0059] An outer shell 8 is also provided outside the buffer element shell 4 of the EFG buffer, and the outer shell 8 is sleeved outside the buffer element shell 4. The opening end of the outer shell 8 and the opening end of the buffer element shell 4 are located on the same side; the opening end of the outer shell 8 and the opening end of the buffer element shell 4 are matched and connected through a fixing member 9.
[0060] During the compression of the buffer element 5 inside the buffer element housing 4, the buffer element housing 4 is subjected to a force. When the force is large enough, the connection between the buffer element housing 4 and the outer housing 8, that is, the connection at the fixing member 9 is cut off.
[0061] In order to further improve the force buffering effect at the position of the fixing member 9, a second buffer pad 10 is provided between the fixing member 8 and the outer shell 8. The second buffer pad 10 can be a rubber pad. Before the connection at the fixing member 9 is cut off, the second buffer pad 10
[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer shell 8 and the buffer element shell 4 are fixed by multiple sets of fixing members, and a second buffer pad 10 is arranged between each set of fixing members 9 and the outer shell 8. For example, two sets of fixing members 9 can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer shell 8 and the buffer element shell 4, and each set of fixing members 9 can include two fixing bolts.
[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, the edge of the open end of the buffer element shell 4 is located on the inner side of the edge of the open end of the outer shell 8. After the first buffer pad 7 is installed on the buffer element shell 4, the outer surface of the first buffer pad 7 is located on the inner side of the open end of the outer shell.
[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the first buffer pad 7 is greater than the thickness of the second buffer pad 10 .
[0065] In some embodiments of the utility model, it further includes a crush energy absorbing device (i.e., a crush tube component 2), which is connected to the force transmission rod 6; the force transmission rod 6 transmits the impact force to the crush energy absorbing device, and after the crush energy absorbing device is triggered, the first buffer pad 7 buffers the impact force, the buffer element is compressed, and after the second buffer pad 10 buffers the impact force, the outer shell 8 is disconnected from the buffer shell 4.
[0066] Specifically, in this embodiment, the force transfer rod 6 transfers the impact force received by the end of the crushing energy absorbing device 3, moves toward the inside of the buffer element shell 4, and compresses the buffer element 5. During the compression movement of the force transfer rod 6, the second rod diameter section contacts the first buffer pad 7, and the first buffer pad 7 buffers part of the impact force. After the compression stroke of the first buffer pad 7 is used up, the force transfer rod 6 further compresses the buffer element 5. The impact force transmitted by the force transfer rod 6 acts on the buffer element shell 4 through the buffer element 5 and is transmitted to the fixing member 9. The fixing member 9 compresses the second buffer pad 10, and the second buffer pad 10 plays a secondary buffering role. When the acting force is greater than the fixing force of the fixing member 9, the connection between the buffer element shell 4 and the outer shell 8 is cut off.
[0067] In the above two implementation structures, the first buffer pad 7 or the combination of the first buffer pad 7 and the second buffer pad 10 is used to mitigate the rigid impact caused by the complete compression of the EFG buffer.
[0068] The second embodiment of the utility model provides a vehicle coupler, which comprises a hook head 12, a crush tube assembly 2 and a buffer energy absorption device. The hook head 12 is connected to the crush tube assembly 2 and is used to be connected with a vehicle coupler of another vehicle.
[0069] In the technical solution of the utility model, the first buffer pad 7 for mitigating the impact is installed at the front end of the EFG buffer shell, and the position of the buffer pad can be adjusted to achieve this, such as the rear end of the force transmission rod 6, toward the direction of the buffer shell 4, or it can also be installed at other positions inside the buffer.
[0070] In the technical solution of the utility model, an elastic buffer gasket is used to mitigate the rigid impact caused by the complete compression of the EFG buffer. By adjusting the limit joint or the buffer shell material, the buffer itself has buffering performance, thereby replacing the structure.
[0071] In the technical solution of the utility model, an elastic buffer gasket is used to mitigate the rigid impact caused by the complete compression of the EFG buffer, and the same effect can be achieved through other buffering methods such as hydraulic and pneumatic.
[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A coupler buffer device, characterized in that: include: A buffer element housing: capable of being connected to a vehicle end, wherein a buffer element is arranged inside the buffer element housing and has an open end; A force transmission rod is inserted into the open end of the buffer element housing and connected to the buffer element to transmit the impact force of the vehicle to the buffer element; A first buffer pad is installed at the open end of the buffer element housing, facing the force transmission rod, or installed on the force transmission rod, facing the open end of the buffer element housing; The portion of the force transfer rod that cooperates with the buffer element has a first rod diameter section, and the portion of the force transfer rod that extends to the outside of the buffer element shell has a second rod diameter section, and the size of the second rod diameter section is configured to be able to contact the first buffer pad when it transmits impact force and compresses the buffer element.
2. The coupler buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising an outer shell, the outer shell being mounted on the exterior of the cushioning element housing; The opening end of the outer shell and the opening end of the buffer element shell are located on the same side; the outer shell and the buffer element shell are connected via a fixing member, and a second buffer pad is arranged between the fixing member and the outer shell.
3. The coupler buffer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell and the buffer element shell are fixed via a plurality of sets of fixing members, and a second buffer pad is arranged between each set of fixing members and the outer shell.
4. The coupler buffer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The edge of the opening end of the buffer element shell is located inside the edge of the opening end of the outer shell. After the first buffer pad is installed on the buffer element shell, the outer surface of the first buffer pad is located inside the opening end of the outer shell.
5. The coupler buffer device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the first buffer pad is greater than the thickness of the second buffer pad.
6. The coupler buffer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It further includes a crush energy absorbing device connected to the force transfer rod; the force transfer rod transfers the impact force to the crush energy absorbing device, and after the crush energy absorbing device is triggered, the first buffer pad buffers the impact force, the buffer element is compressed, and after the second buffer pad buffers the impact force, the outer shell is disconnected from the buffer shell.
7. The coupler buffer device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cushion is disposed around the entire open end of the cushioning element housing.
8. The coupler buffer device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The first buffer pad is adhered to the open end of the buffer element shell.
9. The coupler buffer device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first buffer pad is a rubber pad, and the second buffer pad is a rubber pad.
10. A coupler, characterized in that: A coupler buffer device comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.