Level box staff with coordinate positioning function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a leveling box staff with a coordinate positioning function. The leveling box staff comprises a plurality of tubular reading areas which are sequentially nested and can relatively move along the length direction, the plurality of tubular reading areas are sequentially nested to form a structure in which the tubular reading area positioned on the innermost side and the tubular reading area positioned on the outermost side can be stretched or compressed along the length direction; and in the plurality of tubular reading areas, the end parts, which can be stretched or compressed along the length direction, of the tubular reading area positioned on the innermost side and the tubular reading area positioned on the outermost side are respectively provided with a centering rod tip and a GNSS receiver. The utility model can solve the problems in the prior art that the geometric leveling consumes longer time, the total station instrument measurement has extra workload and workload, the data is easy to make mistakes, the GNSS-RTK elevation measurement surveying and mapping operation cost is high, the working efficiency is influenced, and the longitudinal and transverse section measurement work with strict elevation precision requirements cannot be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering survey equipment manufacturing, in particular to a leveling tower ruler with a coordinate positioning function. Background Art

[0002] In the process of engineering design and survey, it is often necessary to conduct longitudinal and cross-sectional measurements of existing roads, as well as scattered elevation measurements of roads.

[0003] There are several ways to obtain ground elevation data in the prior art:

[0004] One is geometric leveling, which is a commonly used measurement method at present. It uses a level to provide a horizontal line of sight to measure the vertical height difference between a known elevation point and an elevation point to be determined, to determine the elevation of the elevation point to be determined, and uses a sketch to record the elevation point position information.

[0005] The advantage of geometric leveling is its high measurement accuracy. When laying out the elevation control points of the project, there are buried fixed points, and the measurement results are highly reliable. When measuring the longitudinal, cross-sectional, and scattered elevations of roads, there are a large number of measurement points, and relevant measurements are carried out at specified intervals. At this time, the location of the measurement points is recorded in a sketch manner. The survey topographic map is used to mark the point number and plane position information of the measurement point on the drawing through on-site landmark buildings, municipal facilities, etc. The measured elevation information is later combined with the plane information and manually drawn on the survey topographic map. This method of drawing by graphical method has poor plane position accuracy, and it takes a long time to record in the field and compare in the office.

[0006] Therefore, in areas where the terrain is undulating, the accuracy of the plane position in geometric leveling has a greater impact on the elevation image. For example, when measuring the longitudinal and cross-sections on a hard road with a slope, the area below the ordinary level rod is a flat surface, and it is not easy to ensure that the level rod is horizontal. At the same time, when using the graphical method to draw the measurement results, the deviation of the plane position in the slope direction will cause the elevation data to not match the actual situation.

[0007] The second type is total station instrument measurement. The total station is a three-dimensional coordinate measurement system composed of electronic angle measurement, electronic distance measurement, electronic calculation and data storage units.

[0008] Total station instrument measurement can record the point number, plane coordinates and elevation coordinates of the measurement point at one time through the total station, and the measurement accuracy is reliable. However, in actual line projects, the total station must first lay out the wires, complete the wire measurement work, and lay out control points with a certain accuracy before measurement. When measuring, the station must be set up first, including strict centering and leveling, and then the work of rear-view orientation must be completed. This part of the work must be repeated every time the station is changed. This increases the workload and workload of the field, and also increases the probability of data errors.

[0009] The third is GNSS-RTK elevation measurement.

[0010] At present, various places have established local CORS positioning services on their own, and generally use the locally refined local quasi-geoid model so that the corresponding three-dimensional coordinate information can be measured through the local CORS account. However, since the land digital elevation benchmark model "Gravity Quasi-Geoid GNGG2011" or the refined geoid models of various places cannot be widely obtained by surveyors and cannot be used anytime and anywhere, it is often necessary to submit GNSS elevation files to the relevant CORS services for new elevation conversion services, which increases the cost of surveying and mapping operations and affects work efficiency.

[0011] Moreover, during field measurements, the elevation accuracy of GNSS is slightly worse than its own plane accuracy. In addition, some field environments block the GNSS satellite signal. The accuracy of the elevation data measured by GNSS cannot ensure that it meets some longitudinal and cross-sectional measurements that have more stringent requirements on elevation accuracy.

[0012] Therefore, how to solve the problems in the existing technology that geometric leveling measurement takes a long time, total station instrument measurement has additional workload and work burden and data is prone to errors, GNSS-RTK elevation measurement and mapping operations have high costs that affect work efficiency and cannot meet the longitudinal and cross-sectional measurement work with strict requirements on elevation accuracy has become a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Utility Model Content

[0013] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a leveling tower with a coordinate positioning function, the purpose of which is to solve the problems in the prior art that geometric leveling measurement takes a long time, total station instrument measurement has additional workload and work burden and data is prone to errors, GNSS-RTK elevation measurement and mapping operation has high cost affecting work efficiency and cannot meet the longitudinal and cross-sectional measurement work with strict requirements on elevation accuracy. It can complete the longitudinal and cross-sectional measurement of existing roads in engineering measurement, road scattered point elevation measurement, earthwork measurement and other tasks.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model discloses a leveling tower ruler with a coordinate positioning function, including a plurality of tubular reading areas which are nested in sequence and can move relatively along the length direction; the plurality of tubular reading areas are nested in sequence to form a structure in which the tubular reading area located at the innermost side and the tubular reading area located at the outermost side can be stretched or compressed along the length direction.

[0015] Among the multiple tubular reading areas, the innermost tubular reading area and the outermost tubular reading area are respectively provided with a centering rod tip and a GNSS receiver at their ends which can be stretched or compressed along the length direction.

[0016] Preferably, the GNSS receiver is fixed to the end of the innermost tubular reading area among the plurality of tubular reading areas, which end can be stretched or compressed along the length direction, by connecting screws.

[0017] Preferably, the centering rod tip is arranged in the plurality of tubular reading areas, and is located at the center of the end of the outermost tubular reading area that can be stretched or compressed along the length direction.

[0018] More preferably, among the plurality of tubular reading areas, the end of the tubular reading area located at the outermost side which can be stretched or compressed along the length direction is provided with a tip protection shell for protecting the tip of the centering rod.

[0019] More preferably, a small hole matching the tip of the centering rod is provided at the bottom of the pointed protection shell corresponding to the position of the centering rod tip.

[0020] More preferably, the pointed protective shell is detachably arranged at the end of the tubular reading area located at the outermost side which can be stretched or compressed along the length direction, including an elastic pin arranged in the corresponding tubular reading area and a pin hole arranged on the pointed protective shell to match the elastic pin.

[0021] More preferably, the length of the tip of the middle rod is 5 cm; the side wall of the outermost tubular reading area at one end which can be stretched or compressed along the length direction is symmetrically provided with two elastic pins at a position 2 cm below the opening of the pointed protective shell; the depth of the inner cavity of the pointed protective shell is more than 10 cm, and two pin holes are provided corresponding to the two elastic pins.

[0022] Preferably, the tip of the centering rod is arranged in a plurality of the tubular reading areas, and the tubular reading area located at the outermost side is provided with a receiver handbook.

[0023] Preferably, an elastic buckle is provided between every two adjacent tubular reading areas, and the relative positions are locked by the corresponding elastic buckles.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0025] The utility model can solve the problems in the prior art that geometric leveling measurement takes a long time, total station instrument measurement has additional workload and work burden and data is prone to errors, GNSS-RTK elevation measurement and mapping operation has high cost affecting work efficiency and cannot meet the longitudinal and cross-sectional measurement work with strict elevation accuracy requirements. It can complete the longitudinal and cross-sectional measurement of existing roads in engineering measurement, road scattered point elevation measurement, earthwork measurement and other tasks.

[0026] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Example

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the leveling tower ruler with coordinate positioning function includes a plurality of tubular reading areas 5 which are nested in sequence and can move relatively along the length direction; the plurality of tubular reading areas 5 are nested in sequence to form a structure in which the innermost tubular reading area 5 and the outermost tubular reading area 5 can be stretched or compressed along the length direction.

[0030] Among the multiple tubular reading areas 5, the innermost tubular reading area 5 and the outermost tubular reading area 5 are respectively provided with a centering rod tip 8 and a GNSS receiver 1 at their ends which can be stretched or compressed along the length direction.

[0031] In some embodiments, the GNSS receiver 1 is fixed to the end of the innermost tubular reading area 5 among the plurality of tubular reading areas 5 by connecting screws 2 and capable of being stretched or compressed along the length direction.

[0032] In some embodiments, the centering rod tip 8 is disposed in the plurality of tubular reading regions 5 and is located at the center of the end of the outermost tubular reading region 5 that can be stretched or compressed along the length direction.

[0033] In some embodiments, among the plurality of tubular reading areas 5 , the end of the outermost tubular reading area 5 that can be stretched or compressed along the length direction is provided with a tip protection shell 6 for protecting the tip 8 of the centering rod.

[0034] In some embodiments, a small hole matching the tip of the centering rod tip 8 is provided at the bottom of the tip protection shell 6 corresponding to the centering rod tip 8 .

[0035] In practical applications, the above structure can ensure that after the protective shell is installed, the pointed protective shell 6 is flush with the pointed end 8 of the centering rod.

[0036] In some embodiments, the pointed protective shell 6 is detachably disposed at the end of the outermost tubular reading area 5 that can be stretched or compressed along the length direction, including an elastic pin disposed in the corresponding tubular reading area 5 and a pin hole disposed on the pointed protective shell 6 that matches the elastic pin.

[0037] In some embodiments, the length of the middle rod tip 8 is 5 cm; the side wall of the outermost tubular reading area 5 at one end that can be stretched or compressed along the length direction is symmetrically provided with two elastic pins at a position 2 cm below the opening of the corresponding pointed protective shell 6; the depth of the inner cavity of the pointed protective shell 6 is more than 10 cm, and two pin holes are provided corresponding to the two elastic pins.

[0038] In some embodiments, the centering rod tip 8 is disposed in a plurality of tubular reading areas 5 , and the outermost tubular reading area 5 is provided with a receiver handbook 4 .

[0039] In some embodiments, an elastic buckle 3 is provided between every two adjacent tubular reading areas 5 , and the relative positions are locked by the corresponding elastic buckles 3 .

[0040] When the utility model is used to measure the longitudinal and cross sections of existing roads, the scattered elevations of roads, and the earthwork calculation within the scope of the project, the field observation instruments mainly include a level and a leveling tower ruler with a coordinate positioning function.

[0041] Field workers mainly include level observers, ruler operators and recorders. Field measurement work starts from the standard elevation control point. The observer conducts level observation, and the recorder records the observed point number and elevation data next to the utility model. The ruler operator uses the centering rod tip 8 to accurately select the measurement point. Each time the level is observed, the receiver handbook 4 is used to record the point number and the plane coordinates of the point.

[0042] When facing soft geology, a tip protective shell 6 can be installed on the tip of the centering rod 8, and measurements can be performed according to the traditional leveling operation method to prevent the tip of the centering rod 8 from being forced to sink into the ground and affecting the measurement accuracy.

[0043] The utility model can simultaneously obtain high-precision point plane information and elevation information without the need for graphical coordinate marking, wire laying, and frequent station orientation. In the office, the elevation information and plane information of the corresponding point can be combined by point number to obtain three-dimensional coordinates that meet the accuracy requirements.

[0044] The utility model solves the problem of inaccurate elevation information marking or measurement when measuring longitudinal and cross sections on hard ground with a certain slope, and improves measurement accuracy and operation efficiency compared with traditional measurement methods.

[0045] A section of road with a certain slope was selected for longitudinal and cross-sectional data collection and processing. The specific example is as follows:

[0046] First, we used a level + traditional level rod + field sketch + graphic method to measure 10 scattered elevations on a road with a certain slope. At the same time, we used a stone pen to record the scattered measurement positions on the spot. We used the graphic method to mark the scattered elevation data on the map and extract the coordinates and elevation data of the 10 points:

[0047] Table 1 Measurement data of level instrument with traditional level rod

[0048]

[0049] GNSS was used to conduct on-site staking of 10 scattered points according to the graphical coordinates. The staking results were recorded with a stone pencil. The local CORS system was used to measure the elevation data of the staking out scattered points. After the measurement was completed, the elevation data of the 10 staking out scattered points were measured with a level. The specific measurement data are shown in Table 2:

[0050] Table 2

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] The total station is also used to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the 10 points marked on the spot. The specific coordinate data are shown in Table 3:

[0054] Table 3

[0055]

[0056] Looking back at the field measurement process, it can be found that there is a certain gap between the scattered point positions measured for the first time using a level and sketch records and the scattered point positions that were laid out, and the differences vary in size. Since the road has a certain slope, the elevation data at different locations also have certain differences.

[0057] Table 4

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] From the layout data and the plane coordinate data measured by the total station, the 10 layout points correspond to the 10 points marked on the CAD drawing. The elevation data measured by the level is more accurate, and the elevation data obtained by different methods and the elevation data of the 10 points measured by the level are different as follows:

[0061] Table 5

[0062]

[0063] After analyzing the data, it is found that the difference between the measurement results of the total station and the elevation data of the 10 points is relatively small. However, in the actual measurement process, the total station needs to lay out plane elevation control points on site to obtain three-dimensional coordinates. It takes the longest time to set up the station, orient, and measure the data of 10 points. If there are more data to be measured, the field collection efficiency is low in the process of laying out control points, changing the total station station and then measuring.

[0064] The elevation data obtained by using a CORS-based network RTK receiver may be unstable due to signal blocking and other reasons, but it can meet conventional measurement needs.

[0065] When using the level + graphical method to measure some roads with a certain slope, the accuracy of the submitted elevation is mainly affected by the difference in the graphical plane coordinates.

[0066] The utility model is used to measure these 10 actual layout points, and the measurement results are as follows:

[0067] Table 6

[0068]

[0069] By comparing the data, it can be found that when the level elevation measurements of these 10 layout points are accurate to centimeters, the elevation measurement results are consistent, and the difference in plane coordinates obtained by the GNSS placed on top of the level rod is controlled within 3 centimeters. Using the elevation data of the measurement point to replace the elevation of the surrounding 3 centimeter area can meet the needs on general roads. The time spent measuring data using a level and a level rod with coordinate positioning function is basically the same as the time spent using a level with a sketch to record the position. Even in some places where there is a lack of landmark references, the former or the data is more efficient.

[0070] Use a level and a leveling rod with coordinate positioning function to measure the cross-section data of the road. By combining the plane coordinates of the point obtained by GNSS and the elevation of the point measured by the level according to the serial number, you can get the point format supported by the surveying and mapping software, so as to mark and draw the longitudinal and cross-section of the road. The specific data is as follows:

[0071] Table 7

[0072]

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] The three-dimensional results obtained by using the utility model have higher accuracy than various traditional measurement methods. At the same time, the measurement process is simple, the time spent in the field is basically the same as the time spent with a traditional level instrument combined with sketch records, the measurement efficiency is higher than that of a total station, the work efficiency is fully improved, the data is easy to verify, and the accuracy of longitudinal and cross-sectional data is guaranteed when measuring roads with a certain slope.

[0076] The preferred specific embodiments of the utility model are described in detail above. It should be understood that ordinary technicians in this field can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the utility model without creative work. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by technicians in this technical field based on the concept of the utility model through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the existing technology should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A leveling ruler with a coordinate positioning function, comprising a plurality of tubular reading areas (5) nested in sequence and capable of relative movement along the length direction; the plurality of tubular reading areas (5) are nested in sequence to form a structure in which the tubular reading area (5) located at the innermost side and the tubular reading area (5) located at the outermost side can be stretched or compressed along the length direction; characterized in that: Among the plurality of tubular reading areas (5), the innermost tubular reading area (5) and the outermost tubular reading area (5) are respectively provided with a centering rod tip (8) and a GNSS receiver (1) at their ends which can be stretched or compressed along the length direction.

2. The leveling ruler with coordinate positioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The GNSS receiver (1) is fixed to the end of the innermost tubular reading area (5) among the plurality of tubular reading areas (5) by connecting screws (2) and capable of being stretched or compressed along the length direction.

3. The leveling ruler with coordinate positioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centering rod tip (8) is arranged in the plurality of tubular reading areas (5), and is located at the center of the end of the outermost tubular reading area (5) which can be stretched or compressed along the length direction.

4. The leveling ruler with coordinate positioning function according to claim 3, characterized in that: Among the plurality of tubular reading areas (5), the end of the tubular reading area (5) located at the outermost side and capable of being stretched or compressed along the length direction is provided with a tip protection shell (6) for protecting the tip of the centering rod (8).

5. The leveling ruler with coordinate positioning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A small hole matching the tip of the centering rod tip (8) is provided at the bottom of the tip protection shell (6) at a position corresponding to the centering rod tip (8).

6. The leveling ruler with coordinate positioning function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pointed protective shell (6) is detachably arranged at the end of the outermost tubular reading area (5) which can be stretched or compressed along the length direction, and comprises an elastic pin arranged at the corresponding tubular reading area (5) and a pin hole arranged on the pointed protective shell (6) to match the elastic pin.

7. The leveling ruler with coordinate positioning function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the middle rod tip (8) is 5 cm; the side wall of the outermost tubular reading area (5) that can be stretched or compressed along the length direction is symmetrically provided with two elastic pins at a position 2 cm below the opening of the tip protective shell (6); the depth of the inner cavity of the tip protective shell (6) is more than 10 cm, and two pin holes are provided corresponding to the two elastic pins.

8. The leveling ruler with coordinate positioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centering rod tip (8) is arranged in a plurality of the tubular reading areas (5), and the tubular reading area (5) located at the outermost side is provided with a receiver handbook (4).

9. The leveling ruler with coordinate positioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic buckle (3) is provided between each two adjacent tubular reading areas (5), and the relative positions are locked by the corresponding elastic buckles (3).

Images