Self-powered wireless device
By designing a self-energized charge transfer and release mechanism in wireless devices, using external forces to move the metal parts and the substrate, realizing self-energized transmission of wireless signals, solving the problem of existing wireless devices relying on external power supply and close-range restrictions, and achieving flexible and efficient wireless communication and wearable applications.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421422317.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing wireless devices rely on external power supply and are only suitable for close-range scenarios, limiting their application range and flexibility.
By designing a self-energized wireless device, the metal part and the substrate are moved relatively by using external forces, and charge transfer and release are realized, thereby triggering electromagnetic waves and wireless signal transmission.
It realizes the self-energy transmission of wireless signals, without external power supply, is suitable for long-distance communication, and can adopt a flexible structure for wear, and is suitable for scenarios such as human sign measurement.
Smart Images
Figure CN222691735U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a self-powered wireless device. Background Art
[0002] Wireless devices and systems have great potential in smart healthcare, human-computer interaction, and human function enhancement, and have developed rapidly.
[0003] At present, technical strategies for achieving wireless communication include battery-powered Bluetooth, WIFI and Zigbee, or wireless-driven near-field communication (NFC) and radio frequency identification (RFID) technologies. The former needs to rely on batteries, which means that external power is required to work; the latter relies on close-range electromagnetic coupling, which limits the wireless transmission distance of the device and is only suitable for close-range scenarios. In addition, these two types of technologies usually require rigid components, such as microcontrollers, ADCs analog-to-digital conversion chips, communication chips, etc., which limits the full flexibility and stretchability of the device. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the problem that existing wireless devices rely on external power supply and are only applicable to short-distance scenarios, the utility model provides a self-powered wireless device.
[0005] The utility model is implemented by the following technical solutions:
[0006] The utility model discloses a self-powered wireless device, comprising: a relative sliding member 1 and a relative sliding member 2. The relative sliding member 1 or / and the relative sliding member 2 generate relative movement under the action of external force.
[0007] The relative sliding member 1 comprises: a substrate, a dielectric layer, a metal layer, and an antenna member. The dielectric layer and the metal layer are both arranged on a side of the substrate facing the sliding member; and the antenna member is connected to the metal layer.
[0008] The second relative sliding member includes a metal member. The metal member is attached to the substrate and gradually changes from state 1 to state 2. State 1 is that the metal member contacts the dielectric layer; state 2 is that the metal member contacts the metal layer.
[0009] The utility model causes the metal part and the substrate to move relative to each other through the action of external force, realizes charge transfer and release, and further realizes triggering electromagnetic waves and transmitting wireless signals; wherein, when the metal part and the dielectric layer rub against each other, the surface of the dielectric layer and the metal part will carry equal amounts of charges respectively, and the surface of the metal part will induce equal amounts of positive charges; when the metal part moves to contact the metal layer, the charges carried on the metal part are introduced into the metal layer and form a displacement current; the displacement current is released into the air in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna part, thereby realizing wireless signal transmission.
[0010] As a further solution: partial edges of the dielectric layer and the metal layer are in contact with each other;
[0011] Or, the edges of the dielectric layer and the metal layer do not touch.
[0012] As a further solution: an external force is applied to the relative sliding member 1 and / or the relative sliding member 2 to make it move.
[0013] As a further solution: an external force causes the relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 to move back and forth, and the metal member changes back and forth between the state 1 and the state 2.
[0014] As a further embodiment, the substrate is an electrically insulating plate.
[0015] As a further solution: the material of the dielectric layer is any one of PTFE, Kapton, PVC, PET, FEP, Nylon, and PVDF.
[0016] As a further solution: the material of the metal layer is any one of copper, iron, aluminum, gold, and tin.
[0017] As a further solution: the material of the metal piece is any one of copper, iron, aluminum, gold, and tin.
[0018] As a further solution: the antenna component is any one of a PCB antenna, a wire antenna, and a coil antenna.
[0019] As a further solution: the relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 are flexible structures.
[0020] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] 1. The utility model uses external force to make the metal part and the substrate move relative to each other, realize charge transfer and release, and then realize triggering electromagnetic waves and transmitting wireless signals; wherein, when the metal part and the dielectric layer rub against each other, the surface of the dielectric layer and the metal part will carry equal amounts of charges respectively, and the surface of the metal part will induce equal amounts of positive charges; when the metal part slides to contact the metal layer, the charges carried on the metal part are introduced into the metal layer and form a displacement current; the displacement current is released into the air in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna part, thereby realizing wireless signal transmission.
[0022] 2. The utility model triggers electromagnetic waves based on charge transfer and release, and transmits wireless signals without relying on external power supply; and through experimental measurements, the wireless signal frequency generated by the self-powered wireless device proposed in the utility model is in the very high frequency range, with a long transmission distance, and is suitable for both long-distance and short-distance communications.
[0023] 3. The utility model can also make the metal part and the base move back and forth through external force, realize charge transfer and release, and then realize continuous triggering of electromagnetic waves and continuous wireless signal transmission, which is highly practical.
[0024] 4. The relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 of the utility model can both adopt a flexible structure, which is convenient for wearing; the utility model can use the external force generated by the movement of human joints to achieve functional drive, has high flexibility and strong adaptability, and can be used in human body sign measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0026] Figure 1 A structural diagram of the self-powered wireless device provided by the utility model;
[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Equivalent circuit diagram of the self-powered wireless device;
[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Waveform diagram of electromagnetic wave signal excited by the self-powered wireless device;
[0029] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A graph showing the relationship between the distance between the self-powered wireless device and the receiving antenna and the amplitude of the wireless signal received by the receiving antenna.
[0030] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:
[0031] 100, metal part; 200, substrate; 300, dielectric layer; 400, metal layer; 500, antenna part;
[0032] 110, DC excitation power supply; 210, equivalent switch; 310, equivalent resistance; 410, equivalent inductance; 510, conductive tip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.
[0034] Example
[0035] See also Figure 1 The utility model provides a self-powered wireless device, comprising: a relative sliding member 1 and a relative sliding member 2. The relative sliding member 1 and / or the relative sliding member 2 move relative to each other under the action of an external force.
[0036] Among them, the relative sliding member 1 can be set to be fixed and the relative sliding member 2 can be set to be movable; the relative sliding member 1 can be set to be movable and the relative sliding member 2 can be set to be fixed; and both the relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 can be set to be movable.
[0037] like Figure 1 , the relative sliding component 1 includes: a substrate 200, a dielectric layer 300, a metal layer 400, and an antenna component 500.
[0038] The substrate 200 serves as a mounting base for the dielectric layer 300, the metal layer 400, and the antenna element 500. The substrate 200 may be made of an electrically insulating material. Considering flexibility, the substrate 200 is recommended to be made of an electrically insulating material with flexible characteristics, such as PI, PET, etc.
[0039] The dielectric layer 300 and the metal layer 400 are both disposed on a side of the substrate 200 facing the second sliding member. Figure 1 As shown, the dielectric layer 300 and the metal layer 400 are both adhered to the side of the substrate 200 facing the relative sliding member 2; the dielectric layer 300 does not cover the metal layer 400. In other words, the dielectric layer 300 and the metal layer 400 can be designed so that their edges do not touch each other, or their edges partially touch each other. The material of the dielectric layer 300 can be any one of PTFE, Kapton, PVC, PET, FEP, Nylon, and PVDF, which are organic polymer materials that can be charged after friction. The material of the metal layer 400 can be any one of copper, iron, aluminum, gold, and tin, which have the property of being conductive.
[0040] The antenna element 500 is connected to the metal layer 400. Figure 1 As shown, the antenna component 500 is used as a wireless signal transmitting end. The antenna component 500 can be any one of a PCB antenna, a wire antenna, and a coil antenna. These types of antennas have different impedances and inductances. Although they can all achieve the excitation of electromagnetic waves, the excitation effects are different.
[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the relative sliding member 2 includes: a metal member 100. The metal member 100 is attached to the substrate 200 and gradually changes from state 1 to state 2. State 1 is that the metal member 100 is in contact with the dielectric layer 300; state 2 is that the metal member 100 is in contact with the metal layer 400. The material of the metal member 100 can be any one of copper, iron, aluminum, gold, and tin.
[0042] An external force is applied to the relative sliding member 1 or / and the relative sliding member 2 to make it move. It should be noted that there is a difference in the ability of the metal member 100 and the dielectric layer 300 to lose charge. For example, if the material of the metal member 100 is copper and the material of the dielectric layer 300 is PTFE, then in the process of the metal member 100 gradually changing from state 1 to state 2, the metal member 100 first rubs against the dielectric layer 300, and the surface of the dielectric layer 300 will carry a certain amount of negative charge, and the surface of the metal member 100 will induce an equal amount of positive charge. When the metal member 100 then contacts the metal layer 400, the charge carried on the metal member 100 is introduced into the metal layer 400 and forms a displacement current; the displacement current is released into the air in the form of electromagnetic waves (electromagnetic radiation) through the antenna member 500, thereby realizing wireless signal transmission.
[0043] In order to improve the overall charge transfer effect, the metal member 100 may also be designed to be layered so that it has a larger contact area with the dielectric layer 300 .
[0044] To further illustrate the above principle, the self-powered wireless device is equivalent to Figure 2 The equivalent circuit shown in FIG. Among them, a self-charging capacitor is formed at the interface between the metal part 100 and the dielectric layer 300, and acts as a DC excitation power supply 110. The interconnected metal layer 400 and the antenna part 500 can be regarded as an equivalent resistor 310 and an equivalent inductor 410 (the internal capacitance of the metal layer 400 and the antenna part 500 can be ignored). When the metal part 100 is not in contact with the metal layer 400, the circuit remains open relative to the disconnection of the equivalent switch 210. At this time, the friction between the metal layer 400 and the dielectric layer 300 charges the self-charging capacitor. When the metal part 100 is in contact with the metal layer 400, the equivalent switch 210 is closed, the self-charging capacitor is discharged instantly, and the charge is transferred. The charge is accumulated at the conductive tip 510 of the antenna part 500, generating a high-voltage electrostatic field, and the air near the conductive tip 510 is ionized and radiates electromagnetic waves outward, thereby realizing wireless signal transmission.
[0045] Of course, the metal part 100 completes one transition from state 1 to state 2, that is, one round of electromagnetic wave release. Then, if the external force can cause the relative sliding part 1 and the relative sliding part 2 to move back and forth, the metal part 100 will gradually change back and forth between state 1 and state 2, that is, it can continuously trigger electromagnetic waves and continuously transmit wireless signals. Among them, as the metal part 100 returns from state 2 to state 1, it is reset and ready to start the next round of electromagnetic wave release.
[0046] It should be noted that, since the relative sliding member 2 and the relative sliding member 1 need to move relative to each other so that the metal member 100 attached to the substrate 200 gradually changes from state 1 to state 2, the setting of the external force is also very important.
[0047] The external force can be provided by a common driving member, such as a cylinder, a telescopic rod, etc. If the relative sliding member 1 is connected to a driving member, the relative sliding member 2 remains fixed, and the relative sliding member 1 is driven to move by the driving member; if the relative sliding member 2 is connected to a driving member, the relative sliding member 1 remains fixed, and the relative sliding member 2 is driven to move by the driving member; if both the relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 are connected to corresponding driving members, the situation is similar and will not be repeated.
[0048] It should be noted that although the driving component that provides external force may need to be powered, for a self-powered wireless device, it does not require external power supply, can self-excite wireless signals, and perform completely self-driven signal transmission.
[0049] Of course, the external force can also be an external mechanical stimulus, such as provided by the movement of human joints. Specifically, for the sake of flexible design, both the relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 can adopt a flexible structure. In this way, the relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 are worn at the joints of the human body. When the human joints move, the relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 produce relative movement. In this scenario, the mechanical stimulus that provides the external force does not require power supply.
[0050] Test verification
[0051] In order to verify the wireless performance of self-powered wireless devices, a corresponding test platform was built:
[0052] The test platform includes: a mounting table, a programmable stretching motor, a receiving antenna, an oscilloscope, and an oscilloscope probe. The mounting table is used to fix the relative sliding member 1; the programmable stretching motor is used as a driving member and is connected to the relative sliding member 2. The receiving antenna uses a 100M omnidirectional high-gain antenna and is connected to the oscilloscope through an oscilloscope probe.
[0053] The test object is a self-powered wireless device, which is manufactured based on the circuit board processing technology: the substrate 200 is made of a hard circuit board. The metal layer 400 is made of copper material and has a size of 1cm×4cm×50μm. The dielectric layer 300 is made of PTFE material and has a size of 3cm×4cm×50μm. The antenna component 500 has a length of about 5cm and a diameter of 0.4mm. The metal component 100 is made of copper material and has a size of 1cm×4cm×1cm. The receiving antenna is about 1m away from the self-powered wireless device.
[0054] During the test, the relative sliding member 1 is fixed on the mounting table, and the programmable stretching motor is controlled to extend and retract, driving the relative sliding member 2 to move back and forth, so that the self-powered wireless device transmits wireless signals. The receiving antenna receives the wireless signal and detects the relevant parameters of the wireless signal through the oscilloscope. Among them, the peak voltage of the wireless signal received by the oscilloscope is about 0.7V, and the oscillation duration of the wireless signal is in the order of ns to μs.
[0055] Perform Fourier transform on the wireless signal and get Figure 3 From the waveform shown, we can see that the frequency of the wireless signal is in the very high frequency range and has a long transmission distance, which is suitable for both long-distance and short-distance communications.
[0056] In addition, the relationship between the distance between the self-powered wireless device and the receiving antenna (which can be regarded as the receiving distance) and the amplitude of the wireless signal received by the receiving antenna (which can be regarded as the voltage amplitude of the received signal) was tested. The results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2, it can be seen that the voltage amplitude of the received signal decreases as the receiving distance increases. Figure 4 The figure also shows the situations where the receiving distance is 0.1m and 88.8m. It can be seen that even if the receiving distance is 88.8m, a relatively good wireless signal can still be received, which shows that the self-powered wireless device has good long-distance communication performance.
[0057] It is worth noting that at the same receiving distance, the signal reception strength can be enhanced to a certain extent by increasing the length of the receiving antenna.
[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A self-powered wireless device, characterized in that: include: A relative sliding member 1 and a relative sliding member 2; The relative sliding member 1 and / or the relative sliding member 2 move relative to each other under the action of an external force; Wherein, the relative sliding member 1 comprises: a substrate, a dielectric layer, a metal layer, and an antenna member; the dielectric layer and the metal layer are both arranged on a side of the substrate facing the relative sliding member 2; the antenna member is connected to the metal layer; The second relatively sliding member includes: a metal member; the metal member is attached to the substrate and gradually changes from state one to state two; the state one is that the metal member contacts the dielectric layer; the state two is that the metal member contacts the metal layer.
2. The self-powered wireless device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Partial edges of the dielectric layer and the metal layer are in contact with each other; Alternatively, the edges of the dielectric layer and the metal layer do not touch each other.
3. The self-powered wireless device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An external force is applied to the relative sliding member 1 and / or the relative sliding member 2 to enable the relative sliding member 1 to move.
4. The self-powered wireless device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The external force causes the relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 to move back and forth, and the metal member gradually changes back and forth between the state 1 and the state 2.
5. The self-powered wireless device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate is an electrically insulating plate.
6. The self-powered wireless device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the dielectric layer is any one of PTFE, Kapton, PVC, PET, FEP, Nylon, and PVDF.
7. The self-powered wireless device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the metal layer is any one of copper, iron, aluminum, gold and tin.
8. The self-powered wireless device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the metal piece is any one of copper, iron, aluminum, gold and tin.
9. The self-powered wireless device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antenna element is any one of a PCB antenna, a wire antenna, and a coil antenna.
10. The self-powered wireless device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative sliding member 1 and the relative sliding member 2 are flexible structures.