High-water-vapor-barrier integrally-formed photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and specifically discloses a high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises a front side framework layer, a rear side framework layer and a perovskite cell string, the front side framework layer, the rear side framework layer and the perovskite cell string are integrally formed into the photovoltaic module through injection molding of main body resin, the front side framework layer is located on the front side of the perovskite cell string, and the rear side framework layer is located on the rear side of the perovskite cell string. The front side framework layer and the rear side framework layer are of a transparent net-shaped structure. According to the utility model, the surface of the perovskite cell string does not contain a packaging adhesive film, thereby not only preventing the packaging adhesive film from damaging the perovskite cell, but also enabling the integrally formed main body resin to have good sealing performance, effectively isolating water vapor and oxygen in the air, enabling the service life of the photovoltaic module to be longer, improving the power generation efficiency, and improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module. Compared with traditional glass serving as a front plate and a back plate, the main body resin is lighter, and the phenomena of glass burst and the like are greatly avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic components, and specifically discloses a high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] Due to the continuous use of fossil energy, today's environmental pollution is becoming increasingly serious. Toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide in the air have increased dramatically, and the greenhouse effect has gradually worsened. Solar energy as a clean and renewable energy has received increasing attention. Among them, the use of solar power generation as a clean and renewable energy has entered the energy stage. In order to pursue the return on investment of solar cell module power generation, it is generally required that solar cell modules have a service life of 25 years. The most common solar panel at present is usually a stacked structure, such as a photovoltaic composite panel and photovoltaic module disclosed in patent CN117621579A, wherein the photovoltaic module includes a light-receiving surface encapsulation layer, a first encapsulation film layer, a battery string, a second encapsulation film layer and a backlight encapsulation layer, which are stacked in sequence, and the battery string is sealed and wrapped by the encapsulation film layers on both sides.

[0003] Today, solar cells mainly use silicon wafers, but the theoretical efficiency limit of crystalline silicon single-junction cells is currently 29.7%, while the efficiency limit of single-junction perovskite cells can reach about 33%, and perovskite stacked cells can reach more than 44%. In order to improve the efficiency of solar cells, perovskite stacked cells will be used in the future, but perovskites will affect their structure due to water vapor and oxygen in the air, and the use of encapsulation film to produce acetic acid will damage perovskites, seriously affecting the life of solar cells.

[0004] Therefore, it is imperative to develop an encapsulation film-free integrated photovoltaic module. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic component.

[0006] The utility model discloses a high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A high water vapor barrier one-piece photovoltaic module comprises: a front skeleton layer, a rear skeleton layer and a perovskite cell string, wherein the front skeleton layer, the rear skeleton layer and the perovskite cell string are integrally formed into a photovoltaic module by injection molding a main body resin, wherein the front skeleton layer is located at the front side of the perovskite cell string, and the rear skeleton layer is located at the rear side of the perovskite cell string, and the front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer are transparent mesh structures.

[0008] Preferably, the main resin covers the front skeleton layer, the rear skeleton layer and the perovskite battery string, and the main resin is in direct contact with the perovskite battery string.

[0009] Preferably, the front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer cover the projection surface of the perovskite battery string.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of the photovoltaic module is 5 to 10 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer is 20-100 μm respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer are transparent non-woven fabrics, glass fiber fabrics or PC fiber fabrics.

[0013] Preferably, the diameter of the monofilaments of the front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer is 3-10 μm.

[0014] Preferably, the main resin is a combination of one or more of methylphenyl silicone resin, methylpropyl silicone resin, methyl silicone resin, phenyl silicone resin, propyl silicone resin, silicone-modified epoxy resin and silicone-modified acrylic resin.

[0015] Preferably, the main resin contains 1-15wt% of a light-transmitting filler, and the light-transmitting filler is a combination of one or more of wax powder, calcite powder, talcum powder, barium sulfate, quartz powder, mica powder, kaolin, wollastonite, and synthetic aluminum silicate.

[0016] Preferably, the main resin contains 0.5-5wt% of heat dissipation filler, and the heat dissipation filler is a combination of one or more of far-infrared ceramic powder, far-infrared ceramic fiber, zirconium dioxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide, and silicon dioxide.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The utility model provides a front skeleton layer and a rear skeleton layer on the front and rear sides of the perovskite battery string, and injects a main resin to form an integral body. The front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer play a supporting role, and the main resin plays a role of fixing, sealing and serving as a plate body, thereby replacing the traditional laminated panel and back plate. The surface of the perovskite battery string does not contain a packaging film, which not only avoids the damage of the packaging film to the perovskite battery, but also the integrally formed main resin has good sealing properties, effectively isolating water vapor and oxygen in the air, so that the life of the photovoltaic module is longer and the power generation efficiency is improved. Compared with traditional glass as the front plate and back plate, the main resin is lighter, which greatly avoids the phenomenon of glass bursting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of the high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module of this embodiment.

[0020] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0021] 1. Main resin; 2. Front skeleton layer; 3. Back skeleton layer; 4. Perovskite battery string. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0023] This embodiment discloses a high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module. Figure 1 , which includes a front skeleton layer 2, a rear skeleton layer 3 and a perovskite battery string 4. The front skeleton layer 2, the rear skeleton layer 3 and the perovskite battery string 4 are integrally formed into a photovoltaic module by injection molding a main body resin 1. The front skeleton layer 2 is located on the front side of the perovskite battery string 4, and the rear skeleton layer 3 is located on the rear side of the perovskite battery string 4. The front skeleton layer 2 and the rear skeleton layer 3 are transparent mesh structures.

[0024] By providing a front skeleton layer 2 and a rear skeleton layer 3 on the front and rear sides of the perovskite battery string 4, and injecting the main resin 1 into an integral shape, the front skeleton layer 2 and the rear skeleton layer 3 play a supporting role for the main resin 1, and the main resin 1 plays a role in fixing, sealing and serving as a plate body for the front skeleton layer 2, the rear skeleton layer 3 and the perovskite battery string 4, and can ensure good sealing without an additional packaging film, effectively isolating water vapor, thereby replacing the traditional laminated panel and backplane, not only the injection molding production efficiency is higher and the energy consumption is lower, but also different from the traditional glass as the front plate and the back plate main resin has a lighter property, and the phenomenon of glass bursting is eliminated. As a preferred solution, the main resin 1 covers the front skeleton layer 2, the rear skeleton layer 3 and the perovskite battery string 4, and fills the gap between the front skeleton layer 2 and the rear skeleton layer 3, and the main resin 1 is in direct contact with the perovskite battery string 4, so that the main resin 1 replaces the traditional packaging film, avoiding the damage of the packaging film to the perovskite battery.

[0025] As a preferred solution, the front skeleton layer 2 and the rear skeleton layer 3 cover the projection surface of the perovskite battery string 4, that is, the projection area of ​​the front skeleton layer 2 and the rear skeleton layer 3 is greater than or equal to the projection area of ​​the perovskite battery string 4, which helps to further improve its support effect, so that the main resin and the skeleton layer at various locations on the surface of the perovskite battery string 4 form a board with good strength, thereby improving the overall structural stability and firmness of the photovoltaic module. In this embodiment, the front skeleton layer 2 is glass fiber cloth, and the rear skeleton layer 3 is transparent non-woven fabric, so that it can not only ensure the structural strength of the photovoltaic module, but also have good light transmittance, and ensure its good photoelectric conversion efficiency. Of course, in other embodiments, the materials of the front skeleton layer 2 and the rear skeleton layer 3 can be replaced with each other, and can also be glass fiber cloth, transparent non-woven fabric or PC fiber cloth. Specifically, the transparent non-woven fabric can be made of one or two of polyester fiber and polyester fiber through a needle punching process, and can be made of different thicknesses, feel, and hardness. Its advantages are light weight, water repellency, and breathability, and it has a certain strength to play a role in skeleton support.

[0026] As a preferred solution, the overall thickness of the photovoltaic module is 5 to 10 mm, the thickness of the front skeleton layer 2 and the rear skeleton layer 3 are respectively 20-100 μm, and the monofilament diameters of the front skeleton layer 2 and the rear skeleton layer 3 are 3 to 10 μm. By controlling the appropriate thickness of the injection-molded main resin 1, and controlling the monofilament diameter and the overall thickness of the front skeleton layer 2 / rear skeleton layer 3, the lightness and light transmittance of the photovoltaic module can be better taken into account, thereby further improving the efficiency performance and service life of the photovoltaic module, and the appropriate monofilament diameters of the front skeleton layer 2 / rear skeleton layer 3 contribute to the sufficient flow and penetration of the main resin 1 during the injection molding process, thereby improving the water vapor barrier performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, the main resin 1 is a combination of one or more of methylphenyl silicone resin, methylpropyl silicone resin, methyl silicone resin, phenyl silicone resin, propyl silicone resin, silicone-modified epoxy resin, and silicone-modified acrylic resin; the main resin 1 contains 1-15wt% of a light-transmitting filler, which is a combination of one or more of wax powder, calcite powder, talcum powder, barium sulfate, quartz powder, mica powder, kaolin, wollastonite, and synthetic aluminum silicate, and the light-transmitting filler plays a role in improving the light-transmitting performance of the main resin 1; the main resin 1 also contains 0.5-5wt% of a heat-dissipating filler, which is a combination of one or more of far-infrared ceramic powder, far-infrared ceramic fiber, zirconium dioxide, ferric oxide, chromium oxide, and silicon dioxide, and the heat-dissipating filler plays a role in improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the main resin. By adopting the above main resin materials, the photovoltaic module prepared does not contain an encapsulating film, has an ultra-low water and oxygen permeability, and the module has the advantages of flexibility, lightness, high weather resistance, and self-cleaning.

[0028] The following is the preparation process of high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic modules for reference:

[0029] 1. Select a polytetrafluoroethylene mold with a specification of 2510mm*2510mm*0.8mm, and use a release agent to treat the polytetrafluoroethylene mold;

[0030] 2. Spread the prepared transparent non-woven fabric with a thickness of 100 μm into the polytetrafluoroethylene mold;

[0031] 3. Place the prepared perovskite battery string in the mold, extend the wire outside the mold, and ensure that the perovskite battery string remains in the mold in the middle position, ensuring that there is no water and oxygen throughout the process;

[0032] 4. Spread the prepared glass fiber cloth with a thickness of 100 μm and woven from glass fibers with a single filament diameter of 3 μm on the perovskite cell;

[0033] 5. Use the prepared silicone resin containing light-transmitting filler and heat-dissipating filler, heat it to 150°C to melt it, stir it evenly, pour it into the mold in step 4, and shake it continuously for 10 minutes to expel the bubbles, so that the main resin is evenly mixed with the transparent non-woven fabric, perovskite battery string and glass fiber cloth;

[0034] 6. Transfer the mold in step 5 to room temperature and let it stand for 10 minutes to solidify.

[0035] 7. De-mould the photovoltaic modules in step 6 and wipe them clean with solvent;

[0036] 8. Install the junction box and frame of the photovoltaic module in step 7 to obtain an integrated lightweight, flexible and highly weather-resistant photovoltaic module.

[0037] 9. Place the photovoltaic modules in step 8 in a high humidity environment for DH1000h\2000h\3000h, and test their power generation efficiency respectively. It is found that there is no obvious power attenuation.

[0038] The technical solution provided by the utility model is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation mode of the utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the utility model. At the same time, for general technicians in this field, according to the idea of ​​the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation mode and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

Claims

1. A high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It includes a front skeleton layer, a rear skeleton layer and a perovskite cell string, wherein the front skeleton layer, the rear skeleton layer and the perovskite cell string are integrally formed into a photovoltaic module by injection molding of a main body resin; the front skeleton layer is located at the front side of the perovskite cell string, the rear skeleton layer is located at the rear side of the perovskite cell string, and the front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer are transparent mesh structures.

2. The high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main resin covers the front skeleton layer, the rear skeleton layer and the perovskite battery string, and the main resin is in direct contact with the perovskite battery string.

3. The high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer cover the projection surface of the perovskite battery string.

4. The high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of photovoltaic modules is 5~10mm.

5. The high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer are 20-100 μm respectively.

6. The high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer are made of transparent non-woven fabric, glass fiber fabric or PC fiber fabric.

7. The high water vapor barrier integrated photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The monofilament diameters of the front skeleton layer and the rear skeleton layer are 3-10 μm.

Images