Noodle pressing machine with protective structure

By designing a noodle press with a protective structure, and using main components, push face components, press face components and other components to achieve automated noodles production, the problem of traditional noodle presses requiring manual adjustment of movement trajectory and device is solved, and the convenience and safety of use are improved.

CN222692636UActive Publication Date: 2025-04-01金华市张大酥食品有限公司
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202421374316.2
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-06-17
Publication Date
2025-04-01
Estimated Expiration
2034-06-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

When performing surface pressing, traditional dough presses need to manually adjust the movement trajectory and devices of the dough sheet, which leads to inconvenience in use and may cause physical harm.

Method used

A face press with a protective structure is designed, including a body assembly, a push surface assembly, a face press assembly, a track assembly, a face assembly and a belt assembly. Through the collaborative work of these components, an automated noodles production process is realized, avoiding manual operations.

Benefits of technology

Fully automated noodles production is realized, reducing the risk of manual operation, improving the convenience of use, and enhancing the safety of the equipment.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of noodle pressing machines, and in particular to a noodle pressing machine with a protective structure. Technical problem: In order to overcome the disadvantage that most traditional noodle pressing machines need to manually change the movement trajectory of the dough sheet during noodle pressing, fingers may be pressed during the adjustment process, causing damage to the body, and the device needs to be constantly adjusted, resulting in inconvenience in use. Technical solution: A noodle pressing machine with a protective structure, including a main body component, a noodle pushing component, a noodle pressing component, a track component, a noodle cutting component, and a noodle belt component. The utility model is provided with a noodle pressing machine, including a noodle pressing machine main structure, an inclined groove structure is provided at the rear end of the noodle pressing machine main structure for placing the kneaded dough, and a push rod structure is provided on the inclined groove to push the dough to move toward the noodle pressing structure to avoid manual pushing of the dough and biting the fingers. The noodle pressing structure is provided with two rotating shaft rollers that rotate relative to each other to automatically press the dough.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of noodle pressing machines, in particular to a noodle pressing machine with a protective structure. Background Art

[0002] A noodle press is a food machine that replaces the traditional manual kneading of dough by mixing flour and water evenly. It can be used to make noodles, wrappers, cakes, pastries, etc. The noodles and gluten pressed by the noodle press are strong and tough, resistant to boiling and breaking, and are suitable for family hotels, restaurant canteens, cake factories, bakeries, and various pastry processing units or individual businesses. When using a noodle press, you need to pay attention to safety to prevent the noodle press from causing harm to the body, so we are required to make a noodle press with a protective structure. When traditional noodle presses are working, most of them require manual changes to the movement trajectory of the dough sheet and continuous adjustment of the device, which makes it inconvenient to use, and the fingers may be pressed during the adjustment process, causing damage to the body. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional noodle pressing machines, most of them require manual changes to the movement trajectory of the dough during the noodle pressing process. During the adjustment process, fingers may be pressed, causing damage to the body. At the same time, the device needs to be constantly adjusted, resulting in inconvenience in use.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is: a noodle pressing machine with a protective structure, including a main body component, a noodle pushing component, a noodle pressing component, a track component, a noodle cutting component, and a noodle belt component; a noodle pushing component for pushing the noodle is arranged on the main body component; the main body component is a place for support. The noodle pushing component is a power device for pushing. A noodle pressing component for pressing the noodle is arranged at the lower end of the noodle pushing component; the noodle pressing component is a power device for pressing the noodle. A track component for guiding is arranged at the lower end of the noodle pressing component; the track component is a device for changing direction. A noodle cutting component for cutting the noodle is arranged at the lower end of the track component; the noodle cutting component is a power device for cutting the noodle. A noodle belt component for driving is arranged at the lower end of the noodle cutting component; the noodle belt component is a power device for bringing the cut noodles out.

[0005] Preferably, a main body component is provided for support, which is the place where all devices work normally; a noodle pushing component is provided for pushing to avoid manual operation; a noodle pressing component is provided for pressing the noodles and changing the thickness of the noodles by pushing; a track component is provided for changing the direction; a noodle cutting component is provided for fixing the noodle cutting work; and a noodle carrying component is provided for carrying out the cut noodles.

[0006] Preferably, the main body assembly includes side panels, a bottom panel, a back panel and an inclined slot; the bottom panel is provided at the lower end of the side panel; the back panel is provided at the rear end of the bottom panel; and the upper end of the side panel is provided with an inclined slot. The side panels, the bottom panel and the back panel perform supporting work, and the face blocks are placed on the inclined slot.

[0007] Preferably, the push surface assembly includes a push rod, a push plate and a guide rod; the push rod is arranged on the inclined groove; the push plate is arranged at the front end of the push rod; and the guide rods are arranged on both sides of the push plate. The push rod is extended and retracted to drive the push plate to move along the guide rod.

[0008] Preferably, the noodle pressing assembly includes a No. 1 rotating motor, a No. 1 rotating shaft, a No. 1 roller, a No. 1 small chute, a No. 2 rotating motor, a No. 2 rotating shaft, a No. 2 roller, a fixed plate and a sleeve telescopic rod; a No. 1 rotating motor is arranged on a side plate; a No. 1 rotating motor is rotatably connected to a No. 1 rotating shaft; a No. 1 roller is arranged outside the No. 1 rotating shaft; a No. 1 small chute is arranged at the front end of the No. 1 rotating motor; a No. 2 rotating motor is arranged on one side of the No. 1 small chute; a No. 2 rotating motor is rotatably connected to a No. 2 rotating shaft; a No. 2 roller is arranged outside the No. 2 rotating shaft; a fixed plate is arranged at the front end of the No. 2 rotating motor; a sleeve telescopic rod is arranged at the rear end of the fixed plate. The No. 1 rotating motor starts, driving the No. 1 rotating shaft and the No. 1 roller to rotate, the fixed plate fixes the sleeve telescopic rod, the sleeve telescopic rod is extended and retracted, driving the No. 2 rotating shaft to move along the No. 1 small chute to adjust the thickness of the noodle pressing, the No. 2 rotating motor starts, driving the No. 2 rotating shaft and the No. 2 roller to rotate, and the noodle pressing work is performed.

[0009] Preferably, the track assembly includes an arc plate, a rotating motor, a rotating shaft and a rotating plate; an arc plate is provided at the lower end of the second roller; a rotating motor is provided on one side of the arc plate; a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating motor; and a rotating plate is provided outside the rotating shaft. When the rotating motor is started, the rotating shaft and the rotating plate are driven to rotate to change the movement direction of the dough sheet, and the arc plate has a guiding function.

[0010] Preferably, the cutting assembly includes a cutter motor, a cutter shaft, a rotating cutter, a No. 2 small slide, a fixed shaft, a cutter groove and a fixed nut; a cutter motor is provided at the lower end of the rotating plate; a cutter shaft is rotatably connected to the cutter motor; a plurality of rotating cutters are provided on the cutter shaft; a No. 2 small slide is provided at the front end of the cutter motor; a fixed shaft is slidably connected to the No. 2 small slide; a plurality of cutter grooves are provided on the fixed shaft; and fixed nuts are provided on both sides of the fixed shaft. The fixed shaft slides on the No. 2 small slide and is fixed by a fixed nut. A cutter groove is provided on the fixed shaft, and the cutter groove and the rotating cutter are in one-to-one correspondence. When the cutter motor is started, the cutter shaft and the rotating cutter are driven to perform rotating cutting.

[0011] Preferably, the noodle stripping assembly includes a fixed large slide, an electric slide rail, a slider and a driving shaft; a fixed large slide is provided at the lower end of the second small slide; an electric slide rail is provided on the fixed large slide; a slider is slidably connected to the electric slide rail; and a driving shaft is provided between the sliders. The electric slide rail is provided on the fixed large slide, and the slider drives the driving shaft to move on the electric slide rail, and the driving shaft brings out the cut noodles.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0013] 1. A noodle pressing machine is provided, including a main structure of the noodle pressing machine. An inclined groove structure is provided at the rear end of the main structure of the noodle pressing machine for placing the kneaded dough. A push rod structure is provided on the inclined groove to push the dough toward the noodle pressing structure to avoid biting fingers when pushing the dough manually. The noodle pressing structure is provided with two rotating shaft rollers that rotate relative to each other to automatically press the noodles. At the same time, the rotating shaft roller at the front end moves by extending and retracting the push rod, thereby changing the thickness of the pressed noodles. A rotatable baffle structure is provided under the noodle pressing device. During the noodle pressing process, the baffle blocks the noodle block from moving downward to be cut, and drives the pressed noodles to rotate for circular rotation noodle pressing. After the noodle pressing is completed, the baffle rotates downward to drive the noodles to move downward to be cut into strips, thereby realizing full automation and using the slide rail to drive the cut noodles to be transported outward. This overcomes the disadvantages of traditional noodle pressing machines that most of the movement trajectory of the noodles needs to be changed manually during noodle pressing, which may press the fingers during the adjustment process, causing damage to the body, and the device needs to be constantly adjusted, resulting in inconvenience in use.

[0014] 2. Preliminary preparations are made by setting the main assembly and the noodle pushing assembly, the side plate, the bottom plate and the back plate are used for support work, and the noodle blocks are placed on the inclined groove. The push rod is extended and retracted to drive the push plate to move along the guide rod. Then, the noodle pressing assembly, the track assembly, the noodle cutting assembly and the noodle belt assembly are used to make noodles. The No. 1 rotating motor is started to drive the No. 1 rotating shaft and the No. 1 roller to rotate. The fixed plate fixes the sleeve telescopic rod. The sleeve telescopic rod is extended and retracted to drive the No. 2 rotating shaft to move along the No. 1 small slide groove to adjust the thickness of the pressed noodles. The No. 2 rotating motor is started to drive the No. 2 rotating shaft and the No. 2 roller to rotate to press the noodles. The rotating motor is started to drive the rotating shaft and the rotating plate to rotate to change the direction of movement of the noodle piece. The arc plate has a guiding function. The fixed shaft slides on the No. 2 small slide groove and is fixed by a fixing nut. A cutting knife groove is set on the fixed shaft. The cutting knife groove and the rotating cutter are in one-to-one correspondence. The cutting knife motor is started to drive the cutting knife shaft and the rotating cutter to rotate and cut the noodles. An electric slide rail is arranged on the fixed large slide trough, and the slider drives the driving shaft to move on the electric slide rail, and the driving shaft brings out the cut noodles, thereby completing the protection work of the noodle press; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 What is shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a noodle pressing machine with a protective structure of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the main assembly of the noodle pressing machine with a protective structure of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 3Shown is a schematic diagram of a noodle pressing assembly of a noodle pressing machine with a protective structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of a noodle cutting assembly of a noodle pressing machine with a protective structure of the utility model;

[0019] Description of the reference numerals: 1. Main body assembly; 2. Push surface assembly; 3. Press surface assembly; 4. Track assembly; 5. Cut surface assembly; 6. Belt surface assembly; 101. Side plate; 102. Bottom plate; 103. Back plate; 104. Inclined groove; 201. Push rod; 202. Push plate; 203. Guide rod; 301. Rotating motor No. 1; 302. Rotating shaft No. 1; 303. Roller No. 1; 304. Small chute No. 1; 305. Rotating motor No. 2; 306. Rotating shaft No. 2 Shaft; 307, roller No. 2; 308, fixed plate; 309, telescopic rod with sleeve ring; 401, arc plate; 402, rotating motor; 403, rotating shaft; 404, rotating plate; 501, cutter motor; 502, cutter shaft; 503, rotating cutter; 504, small slide No. 2; 505, fixed shaft; 506, cutter groove; 507, fixed nut; 601, fixed large slide; 602, electric slide rail; 603, slider; 604, driving shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] See also Figure 1 The utility model provides an embodiment: a noodle pressing machine with a protective structure, comprising a main body component 1, a noodle pushing component 2, a noodle pressing component 3, a track component 4, a noodle cutting component 5, and a noodle belt component 6; the main body component 1 is provided with a noodle pushing component 2 for pushing noodles; the noodle pushing component 2 is provided with a noodle pressing component 3 for pressing noodles at the lower end; the noodle pressing component 3 is provided with a track component 4 for guiding at the lower end; the track component 4 is provided with a noodle cutting component 5 for cutting noodles at the lower end; the noodle cutting component 5 is provided with a noodle belt component 6 for driving at the lower end.

[0022] See also Figure 2-4The utility model provides an embodiment: the main body component 1 includes a side plate 101, a bottom plate 102, a back plate 103 and an inclined groove 104; the bottom plate 102 is provided at the lower end of the side plate 101; the back plate 103 is provided at the rear end of the bottom plate 102; and the inclined groove 104 is provided at the upper end of the side plate 101. The side plate 101, the bottom plate 102 and the back plate 103 perform support work, and the noodle block is placed on the inclined groove 104. The noodle pushing component 2 includes a push rod 201, a push plate 202 and a guide rod 203; the push rod 201 is provided on the inclined groove 104; the push plate 202 is provided at the front end of the push rod 201; and the guide rods 203 are provided on both sides of the push plate 202. The push rod 201 is extended and retracted, driving the push plate 202 to move along the guide rod 203. The noodle pressing assembly 3 includes a No. 1 rotating motor 301, a No. 1 rotating shaft 302, a No. 1 roller 303, a No. 1 small chute 304, a No. 2 rotating motor 305, a No. 2 rotating shaft 306, a No. 2 roller 307, a fixed plate 308 and a sleeve telescopic rod 309; a No. 1 rotating motor 301 is arranged on the side plate 101 on one side; the No. 1 rotating motor 301 is rotatably connected to the No. 1 rotating shaft 302; a No. 1 roller 303 is arranged outside the No. 1 rotating shaft 302; a No. 1 small chute 304 is arranged at the front end of the No. 1 rotating motor 301; a No. 2 rotating motor 305 is arranged on one side of the No. 1 small chute 304; the No. 2 rotating motor 305 is rotatably connected to the No. 2 rotating shaft 306; a No. 2 roller 307 is arranged outside the No. 2 rotating shaft 306; a fixed plate 308 is arranged at the front end of the No. 2 rotating motor 305; and a sleeve telescopic rod 309 is arranged at the rear end of the fixed plate 308. The first rotating motor 301 is started, driving the first rotating shaft 302 and the first roller 303 to rotate, the fixed plate 308 fixes the sleeve telescopic rod 309, the sleeve telescopic rod 309 is extended, driving the second rotating shaft 306 to move along the first small slide 304 to adjust the thickness of the pressed noodles, the second rotating motor 305 is started, driving the second rotating shaft 306 and the second roller 307 to rotate, and the noodle pressing work is performed. The track assembly 4 includes an arc plate 401, a rotating motor 402, a rotating shaft 403 and a rotating plate 404; the lower end of the second roller 307 is provided with an arc plate 401; a rotating motor 402 is provided on one side of the arc plate 401; a rotating shaft 403 is rotatably connected to the rotating motor 402; and a rotating plate 404 is provided outside the rotating shaft 403. The rotating motor 402 is started, driving the rotating shaft 403 and the rotating plate 404 to rotate to change the movement direction of the noodle piece, and the arc plate 401 has a guiding function.The cutting component 5 includes a cutter motor 501, a cutter shaft 502, a rotating cutter 503, a second small slide groove 504, a fixed shaft 505, a cutter groove 506 and a fixed nut 507; a cutter motor 501 is provided at the lower end of the rotating plate 404; the cutter shaft 502 is rotatably connected to the cutter motor 501; a plurality of rotating cutters 503 are provided on the cutter shaft 502; a second small slide groove 504 is provided at the front end of the cutter motor 501; a fixed shaft 505 is slidably connected to the second small slide groove 504; a plurality of cutter grooves 506 are provided on the fixed shaft 505; and fixing nuts 507 are provided on both sides of the fixed shaft 505. The fixed shaft 505 slides on the second small chute 504 and is fixed by a fixing nut 507. A cutting groove 506 is arranged on the fixed shaft 505. The cutting groove 506 corresponds to the rotating cutter 503. The cutter motor 501 is started to drive the cutting shaft 502 and the rotating cutter 503 to rotate and cut noodles. The noodle stripping assembly 6 includes a fixed large chute 601, an electric slide rail 602, a slider 603 and a driving shaft 604. The lower end of the second small chute 504 is provided with a fixed large chute 601; an electric slide rail 602 is arranged on the fixed large chute 601; a slider 603 is slidably connected to the electric slide rail 602; and a driving shaft 604 is arranged between the sliders 603. An electric slide rail 602 is arranged on the fixed large chute 601, and the slider 603 drives the driving shaft 604 to move on the electric slide rail 602, and the driving shaft 604 brings out the cut noodles.

[0023] When working, the side plates 101, bottom plate 102 and back plate 103 perform supporting work, and the noodle blocks are placed on the inclined groove 104. The push rod 201 is extended and retracted, driving the push plate 202 to move along the guide rod 203. The first rotating motor 301 is started, driving the first rotating shaft 302 and the first roller 303 to rotate, the fixed plate 308 fixes the ring telescopic rod 309, the ring telescopic rod 309 is extended and retracted, driving the second rotating shaft 306 to move along the first small slide groove 304 to adjust the thickness of the pressed noodles, and the second rotating motor 305 is started, driving the second rotating shaft 306 and the second roller 307 to rotate, and the noodle pressing work is performed. The rotating motor 402 is started, driving the rotating shaft 403 and the rotating plate 404 to rotate to change the movement direction of the noodle piece, and the arc plate 401 has a guiding function. The fixed shaft 505 slides on the second small chute 504 and is fixed by a fixing nut 507. A cutting groove 506 is provided on the fixed shaft 505. The cutting groove 506 corresponds to the rotating cutter 503. The cutter motor 501 is started to drive the cutter shaft 502 and the rotating cutter 503 to rotate and cut noodles. An electric slide rail 602 is provided on the fixed large chute 601. The slider 603 drives the driving shaft 604 to move on the electric slide rail 602. The driving shaft 604 takes out the cut noodles and completes all the work.

[0024] Through the above steps, the main body assembly 1 and the noodle pushing assembly 2 are set to perform preliminary preparation work, the side plate 101, the bottom plate 102 and the back plate 103 perform support work, and the noodle block is placed on the inclined groove 104. The push rod 201 is extended and retracted to drive the push plate 202 to move along the guide rod 203. Then, the noodle pressing assembly 3, the track assembly 4, the noodle cutting assembly 5 and the noodle belt assembly 6 are set to perform noodle making work, the No. 1 rotating motor 301 is started to drive the No. 1 rotating shaft 302 and the No. 1 roller 303 to rotate, the fixed plate 308 fixes the sleeve telescopic rod 309, the sleeve telescopic rod 309 is extended and retracted, and the No. 2 rotating shaft 306 is moved along the No. 1 small slide groove 304 to adjust the thickness of the pressed noodles, and the No. 2 rotating motor 305 is started to drive the No. 2 rotating shaft 306 and the No. 2 roller 307 to rotate to perform noodle pressing work. The rotating motor 402 is started, driving the rotating shaft 403 and the rotating plate 404 to rotate and change the direction of movement of the dough sheet, and the arc plate 401 has a guiding function. The fixed shaft 505 slides on the second small slide 504 and is fixed by the fixing nut 507. The fixed shaft 505 is provided with a cutting groove 506, and the cutting groove 506 and the rotating cutter 503 are in a one-to-one correspondence. The cutter motor 501 is started, driving the cutter shaft 502 and the rotating cutter 503 to rotate and cut noodles. The electric slide rail 602 is set on the fixed large slide 601, and the slider 603 drives the driving shaft 604 to move on the electric slide rail 602, and the driving shaft 604 brings out the cut noodles, completing the protection of the noodle press machine. Through fully automated operation, manual operation is avoided and safety risks are reduced.

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A noodle pressing machine with a protective structure, comprising a main body component (1); characterized in that: The invention also comprises a noodle pushing assembly (2), a noodle pressing assembly (3), a track assembly (4), a noodle cutting assembly (5), and a noodle belt assembly (6); a noodle pushing assembly (2) for pushing the noodle is arranged on the main body assembly (1); a noodle pressing assembly (3) for pressing the noodle is arranged at the lower end of the noodle pushing assembly (2); a track assembly (4) for guiding is arranged at the lower end of the noodle pressing assembly (3); a noodle cutting assembly (5) for cutting the noodle is arranged at the lower end of the track assembly (4); and a noodle belt assembly (6) for driving is arranged at the lower end of the noodle cutting assembly (5).

2. The noodle pressing machine with a protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body component (1) comprises a side plate (101), a bottom plate (102), a back plate (103) and an inclined groove (104); the bottom plate (102) is arranged at the lower end of the side plate (101); the back plate (103) is arranged at the rear end of the bottom plate (102); and the inclined groove (104) is arranged at the upper end of the side plate (101).

3. The noodle pressing machine with a protective structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The push surface assembly (2) comprises a push rod (201), a push plate (202) and a guide rod (203); the push rod (201) is arranged on the inclined groove (104); the push plate (202) is arranged at the front end of the push rod (201); and the guide rods (203) are arranged on both sides of the push plate (202).

4. The noodle pressing machine with a protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dough pressing assembly (3) comprises a No. 1 rotating motor (301), a No. 1 rotating shaft (302), a No. 1 roller (303), a No. 1 small slide groove (304), a No. 2 rotating motor (305), a No. 2 rotating shaft (306), a No. 2 roller (307), a fixing plate (308) and a sleeve telescopic rod (309); the No. 1 rotating motor (301) is arranged on the side plate (101) on one side; the No. 1 rotating motor (301) is rotatably connected to the No. 1 rotating shaft (302); the No. 1 rotating shaft (302) is externally A first roller (303) is provided; a first small slide groove (304) is provided at the front end of the first rotating motor (301); a second rotating motor (305) is provided on one side of the first small slide groove (304); a second rotating shaft (306) is rotatably connected to the second rotating motor (305); a second roller (307) is provided outside the second rotating shaft (306); a fixing plate (308) is provided at the front end of the second rotating motor (305); and a sleeve telescopic rod (309) is provided at the rear end of the fixing plate (308).

5. The noodle pressing machine with a protective structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The track assembly (4) comprises an arc-shaped plate (401), a rotating motor (402), a rotating shaft (403) and a rotating plate (404); the arc-shaped plate (401) is arranged at the lower end of the second roller (307); the rotating motor (402) is arranged on one side of the arc-shaped plate (401); the rotating shaft (403) is rotatably connected to the rotating motor (402); and the rotating plate (404) is arranged outside the rotating shaft (403).

6. The noodle pressing machine with a protective structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting component (5) comprises a cutter motor (501), a cutter shaft (502), a rotating cutter (503), a second small slide groove (504), a fixed shaft (505), a cutter groove (506) and a fixed nut (507); the cutter motor (501) is arranged at the lower end of the rotating plate (404); the cutter shaft (502) is rotatably connected to the cutter motor (501); a plurality of rotating cutters (503) are arranged on the cutter shaft (502); a second small slide groove (504) is arranged at the front end of the cutter motor (501); a fixed shaft (505) is slidably connected to the second small slide groove (504); a plurality of cutter grooves (506) are arranged on the fixed shaft (505); and fixed nuts (507) are arranged on both sides of the fixed shaft (505).

7. The noodle pressing machine with a protective structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The belt surface assembly (6) comprises a fixed large slide groove (601), an electric slide rail (602), a slider (603) and a driving shaft (604); the fixed large slide groove (601) is arranged at the lower end of the second small slide groove (504); the electric slide rail (602) is arranged on the fixed large slide groove (601); the slider (603) is slidably connected to the electric slide rail (602); and the driving shaft (604) is arranged between the sliders (603).