Multifunctional overflow dam system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of control of farmland non-point source pollution, and specifically relates to a multifunctional overflow dam system, which includes an overflow dam body and a filtering structure installed at the bottom of the overflow dam body; the overflow dam body is used to be fixed in the farmland drainage ditch, the interior of the overflow dam body is a hollow structure, the side of the overflow dam body is provided with a water replenishment hole connected to the interior of the overflow dam body, and the bottom of the overflow dam body is provided with a water outlet hole connected to the interior of the overflow dam body; the filtering structure includes a grid layer, a microbial filtering layer and a fixed layer arranged and connected together from front to back along the water flow direction, and the microbial filtering layer corresponds to the water outlet hole up and down. The application has the functions of flood discharge and water purification, and can solve the technical problem of ecosystem damage caused by agricultural non-point source pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of farmland non-point source pollution control, and specifically relates to a multifunctional overflow dam system. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the development and application of a number of modern planting technologies and products, such as intelligent fertilization recommendation technology, water-fertilizer integration technology, new high-efficiency multifunctional fertilizer development and application technology, new pesticide product development and application technology, farmland output has been effectively improved. In recent years, my country has vigorously promoted the construction of high-standard farmland, and built high-standard basic farmland that is concentrated and contiguous, with supporting facilities, high and stable yields, good ecology, strong disaster resistance, and adapted to modern agricultural production and management methods, effectively ensuring my country's grain output.

[0003] Although my country's farmland production guarantee measures have achieved certain results, they are still in the initial stage. The construction of high-standard farmland has failed to fully consider various risk factors, and has failed to carry out transformation and upgrading according to local conditions. The ability to prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution is weak. Farmland non-point source pollution is an important factor causing eutrophication of natural water bodies such as rivers and lakes.

[0004] Therefore, this utility model patent proposes a multifunctional overflow dam system to address the phenomenon of agricultural non-point source pollution. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model provides a multifunctional overflow dam system, which is used to solve the technical problem of ecological system destruction caused by agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the multifunctional overflow dam system provided by the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multifunctional overflow dam system comprises an overflow dam body and a filtering structure installed at the bottom of the overflow dam body; the overflow dam body is used to be fixed in a farmland drainage ditch, the interior of the overflow dam body is a hollow structure, the side of the overflow dam body is provided with a water replenishment hole connected to the interior of the overflow dam body, and the bottom of the overflow dam body is provided with a water outlet hole connected to the interior of the overflow dam body;

[0008] The filtering structure comprises a grid layer, a microbial filtering layer and a fixed layer which are sequentially arranged and connected from front to back along the water flow direction, and the microbial filtering layer corresponds to the water outlet hole up and down.

[0009] Furthermore, the grid layer includes a large grid layer and a small grid layer, the large grid layer is located in front of the small grid layer, and the grid holes on the large grid layer have a larger aperture than the grid holes on the small grid layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the overflow dam body is provided with a plurality of overflow grooves spaced apart along its length direction, the top of the overflow grooves extends to the top surface of the overflow dam body, and the bottom of the overflow grooves is lower than the top surface of the overflow dam body.

[0011] Furthermore, the overflow troughs are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction of the overflow dam body.

[0012] Furthermore, the overflow dam body is made of steel structure, and the filtering structure includes a mounting frame detachably connected to the overflow dam body, wherein a slot extending in the up-and-down direction is provided in the mounting frame, and the grille layer, microbial filtering layer and fixed layer are all inserted into the slot from top to bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, the mounting frame includes two mounting plates which are parallel and spaced apart along the length direction of the overflow dam body, two corresponding limit vertical plates are respectively connected to the opposite planes of the two mounting plates, the bottoms of the two limit vertical plates are connected to the support plates, and the two limit vertical plates, the support plates and the corresponding mounting plates form the slot; a plug plate is provided on the top of the mounting plate, and a slot which is plugged into and matched with the plug plate in the up and down directions is provided on the bottom of the overflow dam body; a reinforcement rod is also connected between the two mounting plates, and the water outlet is located between the two slots.

[0014] Furthermore, the farmland drainage ditch has two inclined and symmetrically arranged slopes, and the two side surfaces of the overflow dam body, the two side surfaces of the grid layer, the two side surfaces of the microbial filtration layer and the two side surfaces of the fixed layer are all inclined surfaces matching the inclination angle of the slope.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the multifunctional overflow dam system of the utility model is arranged in the drainage ditch of the farmland during actual application, which can play the role of flood discharge and the role of filtering. When the farmland has too much water due to extreme precipitation or irrigation, the excess water flows into the drainage ditch along the slopes on both sides of the drainage ditch, and the water can be discharged along the overflow groove on the overflow dam body. The setting of the overflow groove can lower the maximum water level of the drainage ditch, and at the same time make the drainage smoother, relieve the water pressure of the drainage ditch, and improve the stability of the overflow dam body; the microorganisms under the overflow dam body The biological filtration layer can add microorganisms that can effectively decompose residual pesticides, fertilizers and other pollutants to the water body. The grille layer below the overflow dam can filter out garbage and pollutants floating in the water. After being filtered by multiple filtration systems, the water flowing from farmland drainage ditches into rivers and lakes is relatively clean and will not affect the environment. In addition, water can be replenished into the overflow dam through the water replenishment hole. This part of water can not only flush the microbial filtration layer to prevent it from being blocked, but also replenish water for the microorganisms, so that the microbial filtration layer can function normally, thereby achieving the purpose of pollution prevention and control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] By reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become easy to understand. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, and the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts, wherein:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a simplified structural diagram of the multifunctional overflow system of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the filter structure;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation frame in the multifunctional overflow system of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 The multifunctional overflow system of the utility model is schematically shown in practical application. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 5 The multifunctional overflow system of the utility model is schematically shown in practical application. Figure 2 .

[0022] Description of reference numerals:

[0023] 1. Farmland drainage ditch; 2. Overflow dam body; 21. Overflow trough; 22. Installation frame; 221. Installation plate; 222. Limiting plate; 223. Support plate; 224. Insert plate; 225. Reinforcement rod; 3. Filter structure; 31. Large grid layer; 32. Small grid layer; 33. Sponge layer; 34. Aerobic microbial layer; 35. Facultative anaerobic microbial layer; 36. Fixed layer; 4. Water supply hole; 5. Water outlet hole; 6. Water supply pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described below are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] After introducing the basic principle of the utility model, various non-limiting embodiments of the utility model are specifically introduced below. Any number of elements in the drawings is for illustration and not for limitation, and any naming is only for distinction and does not have any limiting meaning.

[0026] The principle and spirit of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1 of the multifunctional overflow dam system provided by the utility model:

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the multifunctional overflow filtration dam system includes an overflow dam body 2 and a filtering structure 3 installed at the bottom of the overflow dam body 2. In actual application, the overflow dam body 2 is fixed in the farmland drainage ditch 1, and multiple overflow dam bodies are arranged at intervals along the direction of water flow. The farmland drainage ditch 1 mostly adopts a structure with slopes on both sides to facilitate farmland drainage.

[0029] In this embodiment, for the convenience of description, the direction of water flow is defined as the front-to-back direction, and the length direction of the overflow dam body 2 is the left-to-right direction. The overflow dam body 2 is a tooth-shaped structure as a whole, hollow inside, and is made of welded steel plates. Specifically, it includes a bottom plate, a front side plate and a rear side plate arranged in parallel and spaced relation from front to back, a left side plate and a right side plate arranged in parallel and spaced relation from left to right, and a plurality of sealing plates. The tops of the front side plates and the rear side plates are integrally formed with a plurality of convex plates arranged at equal intervals in the left-to-right direction, and the corresponding convex plates are welded by corresponding sealing plates, so that the overflow dam body 2 forms a closed hollow structure. The interior of the overflow dam body 2 can store water, and a water replenishment hole 4 connected to the interior of the overflow dam body 2 is provided on one of the left and right plates, and the water replenishment hole 4 is connected to a water replenishment pipe 6; a water outlet hole 5 connected to the interior of the overflow dam body 2 is provided on the bottom plate.

[0030] After the corresponding convex plates are closed and connected, the entire overflow dam body 2 has a tooth-like structure, and overflow grooves 21 for water discharge are formed between two adjacent convex plates in the left and right directions. The size of each overflow groove 21 is the same and they are evenly spaced.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the filter layer structure includes a mounting frame 22 and a large grid layer 31, a small grid layer 32, a microbial filter layer and a fixed layer 36 fixed in the mounting frame 22 and arranged in sequence from front to back along the water flow direction. The large grid layer 31, the small grid layer 32, the microbial filter layer and the fixed layer 36 are all in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. Figure 3As shown, the mounting frame 22 is made of steel structure, including two mounting plates 221 arranged parallel and spaced apart along the length direction of the overflow dam body 2, two corresponding limiting upright plates 222 are connected to the opposite planes of the two mounting plates 221, and the bottoms of the two limiting upright plates 222 are connected to support plates 223, and a slot is formed between the two limiting upright plates 222, the support plates 223 and the corresponding mounting plates 221. The large grid layer 31, the small grid layer 32, the microbial filtration layer and the fixed layer 36 are inserted into the slot from top to bottom for fixing. A plug plate 224 is provided on the top of the mounting plate 221, and a slot that is plugged and matched with the plug plate 224 in the up and down directions is provided on the bottom of the overflow dam body 2, and the water outlet 5 is located between the two slots. A reinforcing rod 225 is also connected between the two mounting plates 221. During installation, after fixing the installation frame 22 in the farmland drainage ditch 1, the large grid layer 31, the small grid layer 32, the microbial filtration layer and the fixing layer 36 are inserted into the card slot from top to bottom for fixing; then the slot on the overflow dam body 2 is aligned with the plug plate 224 and inserted, and the overflow dam body 2 is fixed to the slopes on both sides of the farmland drainage ditch 1. There are many ways to fix the installation frame 22 and the overflow dam body 2 in the farmland drainage ditch 1, such as fixing them by corresponding buckle structures, so that the whole can achieve the effect of disassembly. In other embodiments, the installation frame and the overflow dam body 2 can also be made of plastic with a certain structural strength.

[0032] The large grid layer 31 can isolate larger garbage, such as dead branches and leaves, plastic bags, etc.; the small grid layer 32 can filter small floating garbage; the microbial filtration layer is mainly composed of three parts, namely, the sponge layer 33, the aerobic microbial layer 34 and the facultative anaerobic microbial layer 35 arranged from top to bottom. The main function of the sponge layer 33 is to ensure that the lower layer is in a moist state; the aerobic microbial layer 34 is mainly composed of aerobic microbial membranes; the facultative anaerobic microbial layer 35 contains rich facultative anaerobic microorganisms. The fixed layer 36 is a hollow structure, which can effectively flow out of the water body and fix the microbial filtration layer to prevent the microbial filtration layer from being washed away by the water flow. The microbial filtration layer is located below the water outlet 5 as a whole. The water entering the overflow dam body 2 from the water replenishment hole 4 can flow into the microbial filtration layer through the water outlet 5, which can replenish water for the microorganisms on the one hand, and on the other hand, when the replenished water has a certain pressure, it can flush the microbial filtration layer to prevent clogging.

[0033] When the farmland has too much water due to extreme precipitation or irrigation, the excess water flows into the farmland drainage ditch 1 through the field drainage system. The water flowing into the farmland drainage ditch 1 may contain residual pesticides, fertilizers and other pollutants that are easy to cause environmental pollution. When the water flow is large, the water can be directly discharged from the overflow groove 21 on the overflow dam body 2, and the drainage will not be blocked due to the setting of the overflow dam body 2. Because the water flow is large, the relative concentration of residual pesticides and fertilizers in the water body is low, and the microorganisms contained in the microbial filtration layer can also supplement the water body with microorganisms that can effectively decompose pollutants, thereby achieving the purpose of pollution prevention and control. When the water flow of the farmland drainage ditch 1 is small, the water body flows out through the filtration structure 3 of the overflow dam body 2. The large grid layer 31, the small grid layer 32 and the microbial filtration layer included in the filtration structure 3 can effectively filter floating garbage and various pollutants in the water body. After multiple filtrations, the water body flowing from the farmland drainage ditch 1 into rivers and lakes is clean and will not affect the environment.

[0034] Embodiment 2 of the multifunctional overflow dam system provided by the utility model:

[0035] The main difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that in Example 1, the two side surfaces of the overflow dam body, the two side surfaces of the fixed layer, and the two side surfaces of each filter layer for filtering are all inclined surfaces that match the slope of the farmland drainage ditch. In this embodiment, when the two sides of the actual farmland drainage ditch are vertical structures, the two side surfaces of the overflow dam body, the two side surfaces of the fixed layer, and the two side surfaces of each filter layer for filtering are all vertical surfaces.

[0036] Embodiment 3 of the multifunctional overflow dam system provided by the utility model:

[0037] The main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the overflow troughs are arranged at equal intervals. In this embodiment, the overflow troughs can be arranged at different intervals according to the actual terrain and the design requirements of the overflow dam body due to the impact of water flow.

[0038] According to the above description of this specification, those skilled in the art may also understand that the terms used below, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "length", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and other terms indicating orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings of this specification, which are only for the purpose of facilitating the explanation of the scheme of the utility model and simplifying the description, rather than explicitly or implicitly indicating that the device or element involved must have the specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above-mentioned orientation or position relationship terms cannot be understood or interpreted as limitations on the scheme of the utility model.

[0039] In addition, in the description of this specification, “plurality” means at least two, for example, two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

Claims

1. Multifunctional overflow dam system, characterized in that: It includes an overflow dam body and a filtering structure installed at the bottom of the overflow dam body; the overflow dam body is used to be fixed in a farmland drainage ditch, the interior of the overflow dam body is a hollow structure, the side of the overflow dam body is provided with a water replenishment hole connected to the interior of the overflow dam body, and the bottom of the overflow dam body is provided with a water outlet hole connected to the interior of the overflow dam body; The filtering structure comprises a grid layer, a microbial filtering layer and a fixed layer which are sequentially arranged and connected from front to back along the water flow direction, and the microbial filtering layer corresponds to the water outlet hole up and down.

2. The multifunctional overflow dam system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial filtration layer comprises a sponge layer, an aerobic microbial layer and a facultative anaerobic microbial layer which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

3. The multifunctional overflow dam system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid layer comprises a large grid layer and a small grid layer. The large grid layer is located in front of the small grid layer. The aperture of the grid holes on the large grid layer is larger than the aperture of the grid holes on the small grid layer.

4. The multifunctional overflow dam system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overflow dam body is provided with a plurality of overflow grooves spaced apart along the length direction thereof, the top of the overflow grooves extends to the top surface of the overflow dam body, and the bottom of the overflow grooves is lower than the top surface of the overflow dam body.

5. The multifunctional overflow dam system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The overflow troughs are arranged at equal intervals in the length direction of the overflow dam body.

6. The multifunctional overflow dam system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The overflow dam body is made of steel structure, and the filtering structure includes a mounting frame detachably connected to the overflow dam body. A slot extending in the up-down direction is provided in the mounting frame, and the grid layer, microbial filtering layer and fixed layer are all inserted into the slot from top to bottom.

7. The multifunctional overflow dam system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting frame comprises two mounting plates which are arranged in parallel and at intervals along the length direction of the overflow dam body, two corresponding limiting vertical plates are respectively connected to the opposite planes of the two mounting plates, the bottoms of the two limiting vertical plates are connected to the supporting plates, and the two limiting vertical plates, the supporting plates and the corresponding mounting plates form the slot; a plug plate is arranged on the top of the mounting plate, and a slot which is plugged and matched with the plug plate in the up and down directions is arranged on the bottom of the overflow dam body; a reinforcing rod is also connected between the two mounting plates, and the water outlet is located between the two slots.

8. The multifunctional overflow dam system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The farmland drainage ditch has two inclined and symmetrically arranged slopes, and the two side surfaces of the overflow dam body, the two side surfaces of the grid layer, the two side surfaces of the microbial filtration layer and the two side surfaces of the fixed layer are all inclined surfaces matching the inclination angles of the slopes.

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