A fire extinguishing system based on oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a fire extinguishing system based on an oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack, including: a battery pack, an oil drainage system, a nitrogen injection system and a controller; a plurality of temperature-sensing fire detectors are arranged in the battery pack, and the temperature-sensing fire detectors are electrically connected to the controller; the oil drainage system includes an oil drainage mechanism, an oil collecting tank, an oil supply pipe and an oil-cooled circulation unit; the oil drainage mechanism is arranged in the battery pack, and the oil outlet of the oil drainage mechanism is connected to the oil-cooled circulation unit through the oil drainage pipe, and the oil collecting tank is connected to the oil drainage pipe through the oil drain pipe; the two ends of the oil supply pipe are respectively connected to the battery pack and the oil-cooled circulation unit; the oil-cooled circulation unit is electrically connected to the controller; the nitrogen injection system includes a nitrogen bottle, and the nitrogen bottle is connected to the battery pack through a high-pressure hose, and a bottle head control valve is arranged at the bottle mouth of the nitrogen bottle, and the controller is electrically connected to the bottle head control valve. The beneficial effects of the utility model are: preventing the fire based on the oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack from deteriorating and spreading and achieving the purpose of extinguishing the fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery pack fire extinguishing, in particular to a fire extinguishing system based on an oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack. Background Art

[0002] The existing fire extinguishing systems for battery packs are mainly the following:

[0003] (1) A fire-extinguishing device with a fire-detecting tube is prefabricated in the battery pack. When the battery thermally runs away and the temperature reaches the working temperature of the fire-detecting tube, the fire suppressant in the fire-detecting tube is released, thereby achieving the effect of fire suppression.

[0004] (2) A composite detector is installed on the top of the prefabricated cabin in the battery pack. When the information detected by the detector reaches the fire condition, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system is activated to carry out cabin-level full flooding fire extinguishing.

[0005] (3) Only liquid fire sprinklers are prefabricated on the battery pack. When thermal runaway occurs, coolant is injected into the pack through this sprinkler to suppress the fire.

[0006] (4) Only a gas fire sprinkler is prefabricated on the battery pack. When thermal runaway occurs, perfluorohexanone is sprayed into the pack through this sprinkler to suppress the fire.

[0007] The existing fire extinguishing system of the battery pack has the following defects:

[0008] 1. The detector inside the battery pack is installed on the front inspection panel of the battery pack. The detection range is very limited and it is easy to cause false alarms.

[0009] 2. The cabin-level full flooding fire-fighting method cannot effectively suppress thermal runaway in the early stages of battery thermal runaway, and cannot accurately locate the location of thermal runaway.

[0010] 3. The fire extinguishing dosage of the PACK-level direct fire-detecting tube fire-extinguishing device is too small. The heat taken away by the volatilization of the fire extinguishing agent is not enough to completely suppress thermal runaway, and cannot effectively suppress thermal runaway of the battery.

[0011] 4. The fire-fighting method of injecting coolant involves the problem of insufficient coolant, and it is necessary to add a water tank outside the prefabricated cabin. The control process is relatively complicated and the actual effect is not ideal.

[0012] 5. Perfluorohexanone removes part of the heat from the thermal runaway area by vaporization, thereby reducing or even controlling the risk of thermal runaway. However, due to the space in the prefabricated cabin, the dosage selection cannot effectively suppress thermal runaway. Utility Model Content

[0013] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a fire extinguishing system based on an oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack.

[0014] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a fire extinguishing system based on an oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack, comprising: a battery pack, an oil drainage system, a nitrogen injection system and a controller;

[0015] The battery pack is provided with a plurality of temperature-sensing fire detectors, and the temperature-sensing fire detectors are connected to the controller by electrical signals;

[0016] The oil discharge system includes an oil discharge mechanism, an oil collecting tank, an oil supply pipe and an oil cooling circulation unit; the oil discharge mechanism is arranged in the battery pack, the oil outlet of the oil discharge mechanism is connected to the oil cooling circulation unit through the oil discharge pipe, and the oil collecting tank is connected to the oil discharge pipe through the oil drain pipe; the two ends of the oil supply pipe are respectively connected to the battery pack and the oil cooling circulation unit; the oil cooling circulation unit is connected to the controller by electrical signals;

[0017] The nitrogen injection system includes a nitrogen bottle, which is connected to the battery pack through a high-pressure hose. A bottle head control valve is provided at the bottle mouth of the nitrogen bottle, and the controller is connected to the bottle head control valve by electrical signals.

[0018] Furthermore, an oil drain valve is provided on the oil drain pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, the oil drain pipe is provided with an observation hole for observing oil drain and oil leakage.

[0020] Furthermore, a first automatic exhaust component is provided on the oil drain pipe.

[0021] Furthermore, the oil supply pipe is provided with a temperature relay and a shut-off valve.

[0022] Furthermore, the high-pressure hose is provided with a second automatic exhaust component.

[0023] Furthermore, a nitrogen injection control valve is provided on the high-pressure hose.

[0024] Furthermore, the battery pack is provided with a nitrogen delivery pipe, the nitrogen delivery pipe is connected to the high-pressure hose, and the nitrogen delivery pipe extends to the bottom of the battery pack.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: when the thermal runaway of the battery pack causes the oil temperature in the battery pack to rise, the temperature-sensing fire detector arranged on the battery pack is activated, the oil drainage system drains the oil and releases the pressure to prevent the battery pack from exploding, and at the same time the oil cooling circulation unit is cut off from supplying oil to the battery pack, the oil level in the battery pack is lowered, and the nitrogen injection system injects nitrogen into the battery pack, thereby preventing the fire from worsening and spreading and achieving the purpose of extinguishing the fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the mechanisms shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fire extinguishing system based on an oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a fire extinguishing flow chart based on an oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Among them, 10. Battery pack; 11. Temperature-sensing fire detector; 20. Oil-cooled circulation unit; 21. Oil supply pipe; 22. Oil drain pipe; 23. Oil drain valve; 24. Observation hole; 25. Oil drain pipe; 26. Oil collecting tank; 27. Oil drain mechanism; 28. First automatic exhaust component; 30. Shut-off valve; 31. Temperature relay; 40. Nitrogen bottle; 41. Bottle head control valve; 42. High-pressure hose; 43. Nitrogen injection control valve; 44. Second automatic exhaust component; 45. Nitrogen delivery pipe; 50. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] It should be noted that the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present utility model are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present utility model.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model is: a fire extinguishing system based on an oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack, comprising: a battery pack 10, an oil drainage system, a nitrogen injection system and a controller 50;

[0033] The battery pack 10 is provided with a plurality of temperature-sensing fire detectors 11, and the temperature-sensing fire detectors 11 are electrically connected to the controller 50;

[0034] The oil discharge system includes an oil discharge mechanism 27, an oil collecting tank 26, an oil supply pipe 21 and an oil cooling circulation unit 20; the oil discharge mechanism 27 is arranged in the battery pack 10, the oil outlet of the oil discharge mechanism 27 is connected to the oil cooling circulation unit 20 through the oil discharge pipe 22, and the oil collecting tank 26 is connected to the oil discharge pipe 22 through the oil drain pipe 25; the two ends of the oil supply pipe 21 are respectively connected to the battery pack 10 and the oil cooling circulation unit 20; the oil cooling circulation unit 20 is connected to the controller 50 by electrical signals;

[0035] The nitrogen injection system includes a nitrogen bottle 40 , which is connected to the battery pack 10 via a high-pressure hose 42 . A bottle head control valve 41 is provided at the bottle mouth of the nitrogen bottle 40 , and the controller 50 is electrically connected to the bottle head control valve 41 .

[0036] Wherein, an oil drain valve 23 is provided on the oil drain pipe 22 .

[0037] The oil drain pipe 22 is provided with an observation hole 24 for observing oil drain and oil leakage.

[0038] Wherein, the oil drain pipe 22 is provided with a first automatic exhaust component 28 .

[0039] The oil supply pipe 21 is provided with a temperature relay 31 and a shut-off valve 30 .

[0040] Wherein, a second automatic exhaust component 44 is provided on the high-pressure hose 42 .

[0041] Wherein, a nitrogen injection control valve 43 is provided on the high-pressure hose 42 .

[0042] The battery pack 10 is provided with a nitrogen delivery pipe 45 , which is connected to the high-pressure hose 42 and extends to the bottom of the battery pack 10 .

[0043] In the above technical solution, in the oil drain system, one end of the oil drain pipe 22 is connected to the battery pack 10, and the other end is connected to the oil collecting tank 26. When the battery pack 10 has a thermal runaway, the oil drain system is turned on, and the oil in the thermally runaway battery pack 10 is discharged through the oil drain pipe 22, which also acts as a pressure relief. The oil drain valve 23 is installed on the oil drain pipe 22 and is used to isolate and seal the battery pack oil. It is the control valve of the oil drain system. The oil drain mechanism 27 includes a weight, a starting rod and an electromagnetic tripping mechanism. When the electromagnetic tripping mechanism receives an instruction from the control center, it trips, the weight falls, and the weight drives the starting rod to open the oil drain valve 23. The observation hole 24 is installed on the oil drain pipe 22 to observe oil drainage and oil leakage.

[0044] The cut-off valve 30 and the temperature relay 31 constitute a cut-off system, which is installed on the oil supply pipe 21 between the battery pack 10 and the oil cooling circulation unit 20. The cut-off valve 30 is usually in an open state and automatically closes when the flow rate flowing through the valve body reaches the rated value. When the fire extinguishing system discharges oil, the cut-off valve 30 automatically cuts off the oil flow between the battery pack 10 and the oil cooling circulation unit 20. A safety mechanism is set on the cut-off valve 30. When the safety mechanism is in the "locked" state, the cut-off valve 30 remains forced to open. Only when the safety mechanism is "unlocked" will the cut-off valve 30 restore the automatic cut-off function and automatically close when the flow rate flowing through the valve body reaches the rated value. When thermal runaway occurs inside the battery pack 10, a large amount of heat will accumulate. When the heat accumulates to a temperature of 175±5℃, the temperature relay 31 will operate, send a fault action signal, and cut off the power supply of the battery system and the oil cooling circulation unit 20.

[0045] When the battery pack 10 experiences thermal runaway, the oil drainage system discharges part of the battery pack oil through the oil drainage pipe 22 to relieve pressure. At the same time, the cut-off system cuts off the oil supply to the battery pack 10, and a certain gap is formed on the upper part of the battery pack 10. At this time, the nitrogen injection system is turned on, and the nitrogen injection is delayed by 3 to 30 seconds than the oil drainage. Nitrogen is filled into the battery pack 10 from the lower part of the battery pack 10 through the high-pressure hose 42 of the nitrogen injection system to cool the battery pack oil and isolate the air at the same time. In the fire extinguishing system, the nitrogen cylinder 40 is a gas storage cylinder, which is used to store high-pressure nitrogen; the bottle head control valve 41 should adopt an explosion-proof self-sealing bottle head control valve 41, which adopts a self-sealing structure and is started by an electromagnetic starting mechanism, is not affected by high magnetic fields, and has its own explosion-proof pressure relief mechanism; the nitrogen injection control valve 43 is installed on the high-pressure hose 42, which mainly controls the nitrogen injection of the fire extinguishing system. The nitrogen injection control valve 43 is opened by mechanical linkage and has an automatic closing function. It has a mechanical interlocking mechanism linked with the oil discharge system. It is only kept open by mechanical interlocking after the oil discharge valve 23 is opened to the full position, and it automatically closes when the oil discharge valve 23 is closed. The nitrogen injection control valve 43 has two functions: 1) It plays a secondary isolation role to ensure that the nitrogen injection is not malfunctioning; (2) It plays a mechanical interlocking role to ensure that the oil is discharged first.

[0046] The main component of the control system is the controller 50. When the oil temperature of the battery pack rises, the temperature-sensing fire detector 11 arranged on the battery pack 10 is activated and sends a fire alarm signal to the fire controller 50. After receiving the fire alarm signal, the action signal of the temperature relay 31 and the circuit breaker tripping signal, the fire controller 50 issues an instruction to start the fire extinguishing system.

[0047] Fire extinguishing principle of fire extinguishing system based on oil-cooled NiMH battery pack:

[0048] When the thermal runaway of the battery pack 10 causes the oil temperature in the battery pack 10 to rise, the temperature-sensing fire detector 11 arranged on the battery pack 10 is activated, and a fire alarm signal is sent to the fire controller 50. The fire controller 50 receives the fire alarm signal and the action signal of the temperature relay 31, one way of which is transmitted to the fire controller 50, and the other way is transmitted to the oil cooling circulation unit 20. After the power supply of the circulation unit is disconnected, the oil discharge and nitrogen injection system is started to discharge oil and release pressure to prevent the battery pack 10 from exploding. The shut-off valve 30 on the oil supply pipe 21 is automatically closed, cutting off the oil supply from the oil cooling circulation unit 20 to the battery pack 10, and the oil level of the battery pack is reduced. After the oil discharge time reaches 3s to 30s, the nitrogen bottle head control valve 41 is opened, and the nitrogen injection control valve 43 is opened. Nitrogen is injected from the bottom of the battery pack 10 through the nitrogen injection pipe to stir and cool the battery pack oil and isolate the air, so as to prevent the fire from worsening and spreading and to achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire.

[0049] In the fire extinguishing system, the nitrogen injection control valve 43 is installed on the high-pressure hose 42. It is in a closed state under normal circumstances and is opened by the oil drain valve 23 interlock. The shut-off valve 30 is installed on the connecting pipeline between the oil cooling circulation unit 20 and the battery pack 10. It is in an open state under normal circumstances and automatically closes when the set flow rate is reached. When the battery pack 10 drains oil, the oil cooling circulation unit 20 automatically cuts off the oil supply to the battery pack 10. When the automatic exhaust component works normally, it is used to discharge excess gas in the system to prevent gas from accidentally entering the battery pack 10.

[0050] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing system based on an oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack, characterized in that: include: Battery pack, oil drain system, nitrogen injection system and controller; The battery pack is provided with a plurality of temperature-sensing fire detectors, and the temperature-sensing fire detectors are connected to the controller by electrical signals; The oil discharge system includes an oil discharge mechanism, an oil collecting tank, an oil supply pipe and an oil cooling circulation unit; the oil discharge mechanism is arranged in the battery pack, the oil outlet of the oil discharge mechanism is connected to the oil cooling circulation unit through the oil discharge pipe, and the oil collecting tank is connected to the oil discharge pipe through the oil drain pipe; the two ends of the oil supply pipe are respectively connected to the battery pack and the oil cooling circulation unit; the oil cooling circulation unit is connected to the controller by electrical signals; The nitrogen injection system includes a nitrogen bottle, which is connected to the battery pack through a high-pressure hose. A bottle head control valve is provided at the bottle mouth of the nitrogen bottle, and the controller is connected to the bottle head control valve by electrical signals.

2. The fire extinguishing system based on the oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An oil drain valve is arranged on the oil drain pipe.

3. The fire extinguishing system based on the oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The oil drain pipe is provided with an observation hole for observing oil drain and oil leakage.

4. The fire extinguishing system based on the oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The oil drain pipe is provided with a first automatic exhaust component.

5. The fire extinguishing system based on oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil supply pipe is provided with a temperature relay and a cut-off valve.

6. The fire extinguishing system based on oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure hose is provided with a second automatic exhaust component.

7. The fire extinguishing system based on oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-pressure hose is provided with a nitrogen injection control valve.

8. The fire extinguishing system based on oil-cooled nickel-hydrogen battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack is provided with a nitrogen delivery pipe, which is connected to a high-pressure hose and extends to the bottom of the battery pack.

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