Experimental device for researching rock crushing characteristics

Abstract

The utility model relates to an experimental device for researching rock crushing characteristics. The experimental device comprises an experimental kettle, a base for mounting the experimental kettle and a crusher mounted on the base. The experiment kettle comprises a kettle body and a kettle cover arranged on the kettle body, and the kettle body and the kettle cover jointly define a closed cavity used for containing a rock sample. A drill rod extending into the experiment kettle is arranged on the crusher, and a drill bit propped against the rock sample is mounted at the end part of the drill rod. Wherein the kettle body is configured to enable the temperature and the pressure in the cavity to reach preset values respectively before the drill bit crushes the rock sample. Therefore, the experimental research on the rock crushing characteristic can be ensured to be carried out under the preset temperature and pressure conditions, so that the obtained experimental data is more practical, and reliable support is provided for the research on deep and ultra-deep drilling rock crushing technologies and tools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rock breaking experiments, in particular to an experimental device for studying rock breaking characteristics. Background Art

[0002] In the process of deep and ultra-deep drilling exploration and development, as the drilling depth increases, the temperature and pressure downhole continue to increase. The increase in temperature and pressure has a great impact on the characteristics of formation rocks. Therefore, it is necessary to study and analyze the crushing characteristics of formation rocks under high temperature and high pressure environment, and provide experimental and theoretical support for the research and development of drilling tools for deep and ultra-deep drilling, so as to improve the efficiency of deep and ultra-deep drilling.

[0003] In the existing technology, most of the rock crushing characteristics under high temperature and high pressure environment are analyzed by numerical simulation technology, or rock breaking experiments are carried out under conventional environment. Due to the lack of simulation of high temperature and high pressure environment in the well, numerical simulation and rock breaking experiments under conventional environment lack pertinence, and the relevant research data are insufficient to provide an effective basis for the research of rock breaking technology under high temperature and high pressure environment.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an experimental device for studying the crushing characteristics of rocks under high temperature and high pressure conditions, which can more realistically simulate the drilling and rock breaking under high temperature and high pressure conditions at the bottom of the well, thereby providing reliable support for the research on deep and ultra-deep drilling and rock breaking technology and tools. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on the above problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics, which can be used to study the crushing characteristics of rocks under high temperature and high pressure environments.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: to provide an experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics, comprising:

[0007] The experimental kettle comprises a kettle body and a kettle cover arranged on the kettle body, wherein the kettle body and the kettle cover together define a closed cavity for accommodating the rock sample;

[0008] A base, used for installing the experimental kettle; and

[0009] A breaker is installed in the base, and a drill rod extending into the experimental kettle is provided on the breaker, and a drill bit abutting against the rock sample is installed at the end of the drill rod.

[0010] The kettle body is configured to enable the temperature and pressure in the cavity to reach predetermined values ​​before the drill bit breaks the rock sample.

[0011] Furthermore, the kettle body includes an inner shell and an outer shell arranged outside the inner shell, and a heating coil is arranged between the inner shell and the outer shell so that the temperature in the cavity can reach a predetermined value.

[0012] Furthermore, a booster pump is connected to the kettle body, and the booster pump is fluidically connected to the cavity so as to pump fluid into the cavity to make the pressure in the cavity reach a predetermined value.

[0013] Furthermore, the booster pump is configured to sequentially pressurize and maintain the pressure of the experimental kettle in stages before the pressure in the cavity reaches the predetermined value.

[0014] Furthermore, a bracket for placing the rock sample is provided in the kettle body, an opening for a drill bit to pass through is provided on the bracket, and the drill rod extends upward into the cavity so that the drill bit can abut against the lower surface of the rock sample.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper surface of the rock sample abuts against the lower surface of the kettle cover, so that the force applied by the kettle cover to the rock sample plus the deadweight of the rock sample can balance the force applied by the drill bit to the rock sample.

[0016] Furthermore, a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are also provided in the kettle body so as to monitor the pressure and temperature in the cavity in real time.

[0017] Furthermore, the experimental device also includes a control console, which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the crusher.

[0018] Furthermore, the drill rod is also provided with an integrated sensor electrically connected to the control console for monitoring the drilling pressure, rotation speed, torque and vibration parameters of the drill bit.

[0019] Furthermore, the drill teeth on the drill bit are circular teeth, conical teeth, ridge teeth or chisel teeth.

[0020] The beneficial effect of the utility model is as follows: the utility model provides an experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics, comprising an experimental kettle, a base for installing the experimental kettle, and a crusher installed on the base. The experimental kettle comprises a kettle body, and a kettle cover arranged on the kettle body, wherein the kettle body and the kettle cover together define a closed cavity for accommodating a rock sample. The crusher is provided with a drill rod extending into the experimental kettle, and a drill bit abutting against the rock sample is installed at the end of the drill rod. The kettle body is configured to enable the temperature and pressure in the cavity to reach predetermined values ​​respectively before the drill bit crushes the rock sample. In this way, it is ensured that the experimental study of rock crushing characteristics can be carried out under predetermined temperature and pressure conditions, so that the obtained experimental data are more in line with reality, thereby providing reliable support for the research of deep and ultra-deep drilling rock breaking technology and tools.

[0021] In addition, in the present application, the breaker is installed below the experimental kettle so that the drill bit can act on the lower surface of the rock sample. This makes full use of the deadweight of the rock sample, so that the drill bit can act on the rock sample with sufficient drilling pressure. On the other hand, it also reduces the force of the rock sample on the experimental kettle, so as to reduce the strength requirement of the experimental kettle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics.

[0024] Among them, the figure numerals in the figure are: 10, experimental kettle; 11, kettle body; 111, inner shell; 112, outer shell; 113, cavity; 114, heating coil; 12, kettle cover; 121, bolt; 13, booster pump; 14, bracket; 20, base; 30, breaker; 31, drill rod; 32, drill bit; 40, rock sample; 50, control console. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the utility model clearer, the utility model is now described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This figure is a simplified schematic diagram, which only illustrates the basic structure of the utility model in a schematic manner, so it only shows the composition related to the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] refer to Figure 1As shown, the utility model provides an experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics, including a base 20, an experimental kettle 10 installed on the base 20, and a crusher 30 arranged in the base 20. The experimental kettle 10 can be filled with pressurized fluid to immerse the rock sample 40 placed in the experimental kettle 10, so that the rock sample 40 is in a high-pressure environment. A drill rod 31 dynamically sealed with the experimental kettle 10 is installed on the crusher 30, and one end of the drill rod 31 away from the crusher 30 extends into the experimental kettle 10 and is installed with a drill bit 32. The crusher 30 can rotate when the drill bit 32 applies pressure to the rock sample 40 through the drill rod 31, so as to crush the rock sample 40. It should be noted that the crusher 30 is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated in detail in this application.

[0027] In some embodiments, the experimental kettle 10 includes a kettle body 11 with an opening at the top and a kettle cover 12 installed at the opening of the kettle body 11. The kettle body 11 and the kettle cover 12 together define a closed cavity 113 for accommodating the rock sample 40. The kettle body 11 adopts a double-layer structural design, including an inner shell 111 and an outer shell 112 sleeved outside the inner shell 111. A heating coil 114 is arranged between the inner shell 111 and the outer shell 112, which is used to heat the pressurized fluid poured into the cavity 113, so that the rock sample 40 in the cavity 113 is in a high temperature and high pressure environment. The heating coil 114 can be a resistive heating coil. The heating coil 114 is electrically connected to an external power supply, and the heating coil 114 generates heat by utilizing the thermal effect of electric current. The inner shell 111 then transfers the heat generated by the heating coil 114 to the pressurized fluid in the experimental kettle 10, so that the temperature in the experimental kettle 10 reaches a predetermined temperature.

[0028] In some preferred embodiments, the heating coil 114 can also be an electromagnetic heating coil. The heating coil 114 is electrically connected to an external high-frequency device (not shown). Under the electrical drive of an external power source, the high-frequency device causes a high-frequency and high-voltage current to flow through the heating coil 114, thereby generating a high-speed changing alternating magnetic field in the heating coil 114. The inner shell 111 made of ferromagnetic material generates eddy currents in the alternating magnetic field, causing the carriers in the inner shell 111 to move irregularly at high speed and collide and rub against each other, thereby generating heat in the inner shell 111. The heat generated by the inner shell 111 is directly transferred to the pressurized fluid in the kettle body 11, thereby effectively improving the heating efficiency and speeding up the experiment.

[0029] In some other embodiments not shown, the outside of the kettle 11 is also wrapped with heat insulation cotton. On the one hand, the temperature inside the kettle 11 can be quickly brought to a predetermined temperature, and on the other hand, it can prevent the experimenter from accidentally touching the kettle 11, thereby improving the safety of the experiment. The heat insulation cotton can also be removed after the experiment is completed so that the kettle 11 can be quickly cooled.

[0030] In some embodiments, the kettle cover 12 is fastened to the kettle body 11 by bolts 121, so that a seal (not shown) installed on the kettle cover 12 is interference fit with the kettle body 11, thereby achieving a seal between the kettle cover 12 and the kettle body 11, so as to define a closed cavity 113. In this way, the experimental kettle 10 can withstand the pressure of the fluid inside it, ensuring the stability of the pressure of the environment in which the rock sample 40 is located.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the experimental kettle 10 is fluidically connected to the booster pump 13 through a pipeline so that the pressure of the fluid in the experimental kettle 10 can reach a predetermined pressure. The test kettle 10 can also be tested for sealing by the booster pump 13. In some embodiments, the booster pump 13 performs staged pressurization on the experimental kettle 10 at pressures of 10MPa, 20MPa, 30MPa, 40MPa, and 50MPa in sequence. Every time a pressure stage is reached, the booster pump 13 stops pressurizing for a period of time to maintain the pressure, and at the same time, the pressure drop in the experimental kettle 10 is monitored by the pressure sensor (not shown) in the experimental kettle 10. If the pressure drop value is not higher than 0.1MPa, it means that the sealing of the experimental kettle 10 meets the experimental requirements. Among them, the pressure holding time can be determined according to the experimental requirements. In some embodiments, the pressure holding time can be 5min.

[0032] In some embodiments, a bracket 14 for placing a rock sample 40 is provided in the experimental kettle 10, and an opening for the drill bit 32 to pass through is provided on the bracket 14, so that the lower surface of the rock sample 40 can abut against the drill bit 32 on the drill rod 31. In this way, the force exerted by the drill bit 32 on the rock sample 40 can be easily balanced by the gravity of the rock sample 40 itself. By providing the bracket 14, the upper surface of the rock sample 40 can also abut against the lower surface of the kettle cover 12, thereby reducing the force exerted by the rock sample 40 on the experimental kettle 10 due to the force of the drill bit 32 while fully utilizing the dead weight of the rock sample 40. Therefore, in addition to bearing the pressure of the pressurized fluid inside it, the experimental kettle 10 only needs to bear a small amount of force exerted on it by the rock sample 40, thereby effectively reducing the strength requirements of the experimental kettle 10, and further reducing the requirements for the experimental device. The rock debris generated by the drill bit 32 breaking the rock sample 40 can pass through the bracket 14 and fall to the bottom of the kettle body 11, waiting to be cleaned up after the experiment is completed. Due to the support and separation function of the bracket 14 , the generated rock cuttings will not affect the drilling of the drill rod 31 and the drill bit 32 and the rock sample 40 .

[0033] In some embodiments, the rock sample 40 may be selected in the specification of 0.5m×0.5m×0.5m, or other specifications may be selected according to specific experimental conditions. The drill bit 32 may be a toothed drill bit 32 with a diameter of 152.4mm, and the drill teeth on the drill bit 32 may be round teeth, conical teeth, ridge teeth, or chisel teeth. The experimenter may select a drill bit 32 with specific drill teeth of a predetermined specification according to the experimental requirements.

[0034] Recombination Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the experimental device provided by the present application also includes a console 50 electrically connected to the breaker 30 and the booster pump 13. The console 50 can send relevant instructions to the breaker 30 and the booster pump 13, so that the booster pump 13 pressurizes the fluid in the experimental kettle 10 or the breaker 30 drives the drill rod 31 to break the rock sample 40 through the drill bit 32. The console 50 is also electrically connected to the pressure sensor and temperature sensor (not shown) set in the experimental kettle 10, and the integrated sensor (not shown) set on the breaker 30 for monitoring the drilling pressure, rotation speed, torque and vibration parameters of the drill bit 32. The pressure sensor can monitor the pressure of the fluid in the experimental kettle 10 in real time, so that the experimenter can control the output of the booster pump 13 through the console 50 to ensure that the rock sample 40 is always in an environment with a predetermined pressure. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature in the experimental kettle 10 in real time, so that the experimenter can control the output of the heating coil 114 through the console 50 to ensure that the rock sample 40 is always in an environment with a predetermined temperature. The integrated sensor can monitor the drilling pressure, rotation speed, torque and vibration parameters of the drill bit 32 in real time, so as to facilitate analysis and evaluation after the experiment is completed. The console 50 is a prior art well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in this application.

[0035] Combination Figure 1As shown, the use process of an experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics provided by the present application is as follows. The experimenter installs the predetermined drill bit 32 on the drill rod 31 according to the pre-designed experimental scheme, then places the rock sample 40 on the bracket 14, and then fastens the kettle cover 12 to the kettle body 11 through the bolt 121. Send an instruction to the booster pump 13 through the console 50, so that the booster pump 13 injects pressurized fluid into the experimental kettle 10 to perform a sealing test. After the sealing test is completed, the pressure is released again so that the pressure in the experimental kettle 10 reaches a predetermined pressure. The heating coil 114 is used to heat the experimental kettle 10 through the console 50 so that the temperature in the experimental kettle 10 reaches a predetermined temperature. Then, an instruction is sent to the crusher 30 through the console 50, so that the crusher 30 drives the drill bit 32 through the drill rod 31 to crush the rock sample 40 at a predetermined speed and drilling distance. During the crushing process, the integrated sensor monitors the drilling pressure, speed, torque and vibration parameters of the drill bit 32 in real time, and sends these parameters to the console 50 for storage. The rock chips generated during the crushing process naturally settle at the bottom of the test kettle 10 and are collected after the test is completed so as to comprehensively evaluate the crushing effect and crushing efficiency of the rock sample 40 in combination with the drilling pressure, rotation speed, torque and vibration parameters of the drill bit 32 .

[0036] When the rock sample 40 no longer meets the experimental conditions, the experimental kettle 10 is depressurized and cooled to make the interior of the experimental kettle 10 reach normal temperature and pressure conditions. The experimental kettle 10 is opened, the remaining rock sample 40 and the generated rock chips are taken out, and then a new rock sample 40 is placed to conduct the next experiment.

[0037] Based on the above experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics, the utility model also provides an experimental method for studying rock crushing characteristics, which includes the following steps.

[0038] In step S1, after the experimenter places the rock sample 40 of a predetermined size in the experimental kettle 10, the test kettle 10 is pressurized and maintained in stages by the booster pump 13 to perform a sealing test. The booster pump 13 can pressurize the test kettle 10 in stages at pressures of 10MPa, 20MPa, 30MPa, 40MPa, and 50MPa in sequence. Every time a pressure stage is reached, the booster pump 13 stops pressurizing for a period of time to maintain the pressure. At the same time, the pressure drop in the test kettle 10 is monitored by the pressure sensor in the test kettle 10. If the pressure drop value is not higher than 0.1MPa, it means that the sealing of the test kettle 10 meets the experimental requirements.

[0039] In step S2 , the experimenter releases the pressure of the experimental kettle 10 after the sealing test is completed, so that the pressure in the experimental kettle 10 is reduced to a predetermined pressure value.

[0040] In step S3, the experimenter heats the experimental kettle through the heating coil 114 to raise the temperature in the experimental kettle 10 to a predetermined temperature value. Then, the control console 50 sends an instruction to the crusher 30, so that the crusher 30 drives the drill bit 32 through the drill rod 31 to crush the rock sample 40 at a predetermined rotation speed and drilling distance. In this step, it is preferred that the drill bit 32 crushes the rock sample 40 perpendicular to the lower surface of the rock sample 40, so as to make full use of the dead weight of the rock sample 40, thereby reducing the force exerted on the experimental kettle 10 by the rock sample 40 due to the force of the drill bit 32.

[0041] In step S4, the drilling pressure, rotation speed, torque and vibration parameters of the drill bit 32 are monitored in real time by the integrated sensor, and these parameters are sent to the console 50 for storage. After the experiment is completed, the experimenter comprehensively evaluates the crushing effect and crushing efficiency of the rock sample 40 based on the drilling pressure, rotation speed, torque and vibration parameters of the drill bit 32 and the rock cuttings generated during the crushing process, so as to study the crushing characteristics of the rock sample 40.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, it can be a mechanical connection, it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front and back", "left and right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0044] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the utility model. Through the above description, relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content in the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics, comprising: An experimental kettle (10) comprises a kettle body (11) and a kettle cover (12) arranged on the kettle body (11), wherein the kettle body (11) and the kettle cover (12) together define a closed cavity (113) for accommodating a rock sample (40); A base (20) for mounting the experimental kettle (10); and A crusher (30) is mounted on the base (20), the crusher (30) is provided with a drill rod (31) extending into the experimental kettle (10), and a drill bit (32) for crushing the rock sample (40) is installed at the end of the drill rod (31). in, The kettle body (11) is configured to enable the temperature and pressure in the cavity (113) to reach predetermined values ​​before the drill bit (32) breaks the rock sample (40).

2. The experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kettle body (11) comprises an inner shell (111) and an outer shell (112) arranged outside the inner shell (111); a heating coil (114) is arranged between the inner shell (111) and the outer shell (112), so that the temperature in the cavity (113) can reach a predetermined value.

3. The experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The kettle body (11) is also connected to a booster pump (13), and the booster pump (13) is fluidically connected to the cavity (113) so as to pump fluid into the cavity (113) so that the pressure in the cavity (113) reaches a predetermined value.

4. The experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The booster pump (13) is configured to sequentially and stage-by-stage pressurize and maintain the pressure of the test kettle (10) before the pressure in the cavity (113) reaches the predetermined value.

5. The experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bracket (14) for placing the rock sample (40) is arranged in the kettle body (11), and an opening for a drill bit (32) to pass through is arranged on the bracket (14), and the drill rod (31) extends upward into the cavity (113), so that the drill bit (32) can abut against the lower surface of the rock sample (40).

6. The experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper surface of the rock sample (40) abuts against the lower surface of the kettle cover (12), so that the force applied by the kettle cover (12) to the rock sample (40) plus the deadweight of the rock sample (40) can balance the force applied by the drill bit (32) to the rock sample (40).

7. The experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A pressure sensor and a temperature sensor are also provided in the kettle body (11) so as to monitor the pressure and temperature in the cavity (113) in real time.

8. The experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The experimental device further comprises a control console (50), wherein the control console (50) is electrically connected to the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the disruptor (30).

9. The experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drill rod (31) is also provided with an integrated sensor electrically connected to the control console (50) for monitoring the drilling pressure, rotation speed, torque and vibration parameters of the drill bit (32).

10. The experimental device for studying rock crushing characteristics according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drill teeth on the drill bit (32) are circular teeth, conical teeth, ridge teeth or chisel teeth.

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