Sand table model for demonstrating gas extraction process

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process, and belongs to the technical field of mine sand table models. Comprising a model shell, a ground industrial square model arranged at the upper part in the model shell and a mine underground production system model arranged at the lower part in the model shell, and the ground industrial square model and the mine underground production system model are communicated through a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft and an air return shaft; the mine underground production system model comprises a bedding drilling arrangement mode model and a crossing drilling arrangement mode model, and the two drilling arrangement mode models are both provided with sliding devices capable of moving and switching positions in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. According to the sand table model, the gas extraction process and technology are represented in a scaling field arrangement mode, the model is divided into two drill hole arrangement modes, the step-by-step display effect can be achieved through the two arrangement modes, visual perception easy to understand can be provided, the gas extraction process can be clearly expressed or simulated, and the gas extraction efficiency is improved. And on-site teaching is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of mine sand table models, and in particular relates to a sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of my country's coal industry, coal mining enterprises have higher and higher requirements for their employees. Schools cannot meet the requirements of modern teaching by relying solely on theoretical teaching. Especially in the teaching of "Mine Gas Prevention and Control", practical knowledge requires some teaching instruments to help realize teaching.

[0003] The mine production system is a spatial, three-dimensional, dynamically operating "macro, giant" system. Even at the production site, technicians can only see parts of the system and cannot observe and grasp the composition and operation of the system as a whole. Therefore, the mine production system relies on planar data, such as text descriptions and planar drawings, in terms of design, optimization, teaching, training and display. Designers and practitioners need to use certain professional knowledge and abstract thinking to establish the spatial concept of mine production. Conventional static three-dimensional models are also unable to intuitively and vividly display the time and space relationship of coal transportation, ventilation, lifting, gas extraction and other systems, which affects the teaching and technical communication effects of the mine production system.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design a sandbox model that can demonstrate the coal seam gas extraction system, so that students can comprehensively learn and systematically train the basic theories, methods and skills of underground gas extraction, make students majoring in mining and safety familiar with the real scenes of coal mine gas extraction, exercise students' practical skills, and initially have the ability to use modern scientific methods for underground gas extraction. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a sand table model for demonstrating the gas extraction process. The gas extraction sand table model is a structural form that represents the gas extraction process and technology in a scaled on-site layout manner. The model is divided into two drilling layout methods, and the two layout methods can achieve a step-by-step display effect, and can provide an easy-to-understand visual experience to clearly express or simulate the gas extraction process, which is convenient for on-site teaching.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a sand table model for demonstrating the gas extraction process, comprising a model shell, a ground industrial square model arranged above the model shell, and a mine underground production system model below, wherein the ground industrial square model and the mine underground production system model are connected through a main shaft, an auxiliary shaft and a return air shaft;

[0007] The ground industrial square model includes a coal delivery building, a coal bunker observation building and a coal bunker which are sequentially arranged on the upper left side of the model shell, an office building which is arranged in the upper middle part of the model shell, and a raw coal analysis building, a dispatching building, a staff dormitory building and a gas extraction room which are sequentially arranged on the upper right side of the model shell;

[0008] The coal bunker observation building and the coal discharge building are connected through a top passage, and the coal bunker observation building and the coal bunker are connected through a bottom passage. The right side of the coal bunker is also connected to the side building of the office building through a coal bunker transportation passage. A ground coal transportation passage is arranged at the rear right side of the office building, and the ground coal transportation passage is connected to the raw coal analysis building. The dispatching building is arranged on the right side of the raw coal analysis building and is separated from it by an aisle. The staff dormitory building is arranged on the front side of the dispatching building. The gas extraction chamber is arranged on the right side of the coal discharge building. The main shaft and the auxiliary shaft are located on the same side of the gas extraction chamber, and the return air shaft is located on the other side of the gas extraction chamber.

[0009] The mine underground production system model includes two underground gas extraction drilling arrangement models, namely, a layer-aligned drilling arrangement model and a through-layer drilling arrangement model. Both drilling arrangement models are provided with sliding devices capable of moving and switching positions in the vertical and horizontal directions. The layer-aligned drilling arrangement model includes a dip-inclined layer-aligned drilling arrangement, a cross-layer-aligned drilling arrangement, a dip-aligned layer-aligned drilling arrangement and a fan-shaped layer-aligned drilling arrangement. The through-layer drilling arrangement model includes a large-area through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement, a coal lane strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement, a grid-type roof through-layer drilling arrangement and a roof-trend high-extraction lane through-layer drilling arrangement.

[0010] The inclined and layer-coordinated drilling arrangement method consists of air lanes and machine lanes arranged on both sides of the first coal seam, a first cutting eye arranged at the bottom of the first coal seam, and inclined and layer-coordinated drilling holes arranged between the two lanes, wherein the drilling trajectories of the air lane, machine lane, first cutting eye and inclined and layer-coordinated drilling holes are all on the same horizontal plane.

[0011] The cross-beam drilling arrangement consists of air lanes and machine lanes arranged on both sides of the first coal seam, a first cutting eye arranged at the bottom of the first coal seam, and cross-beam drilling holes arranged between the two lanes, wherein the drilling trajectories of the air lane, machine lane, first cutting eye and cross-beam drilling holes are all on the same horizontal plane.

[0012] The arrangement of inclined in-bedding drilling holes consists of air lanes and machine lanes arranged on both sides of the first coal seam, a first cutting eye arranged at the bottom of the first coal seam, and inclined in-bedding drilling holes arranged between the two lanes, wherein the drilling trajectories of the air lane, machine lane, first cutting eye and inclined in-bedding drilling holes are all on the same horizontal plane.

[0013] The fan-shaped in-layer drilling arrangement consists of air lanes and machine lanes arranged on both sides of the first coal seam, a first cutting eye arranged at the bottom of the first coal seam, and a fan-shaped in-layer drilling hole arranged between the two lanes and horizontally connected to the first drilling field, wherein the drilling trajectories of the air lane, machine lane, first drilling field, first cutting eye and fan-shaped in-layer drilling hole are all on the same horizontal plane.

[0014] The large-area cross-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement consists of the second coal seam, the air tunnel to be excavated, the machine tunnel to be excavated and the second cutting eye located at the upper part, the bottom plate rock tunnel, the second drilling site, the connecting stone gate and the connecting tunnel located at the lower part, and the large-area cross-layer pre-extraction drilling holes diverging upward along the second drilling site; wherein the horizontal position difference between the upper coal seam area and the lower rock layer area is half a layer area, the drilling trajectories of the large-area cross-layer pre-extraction drilling holes are all on the inner side of the air tunnel to be excavated and the machine tunnel to be excavated, the connecting stone gate is connected to the lower bottom plate rock tunnel by being arranged at the rear side of the second coal seam, and the connecting tunnel is located at the rear of the second coal seam.

[0015] The arrangement of the coal lane strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling holes is composed of the second coal seam, the air lane to be excavated, the machine lane to be excavated and the second cutting eye located at the upper part, the bottom plate rock lane, the second drilling site, the connecting stone gate and the connecting lane located at the lower part, and the coal lane strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling holes diverging upward along the second drilling site; wherein the horizontal position difference between the upper coal seam area and the lower rock layer area is one-fourth of the layer area, the terminal branch of the drilling trajectory of the coal lane strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling holes penetrates the upper air lane to be excavated and the machine lane to be excavated and is densely distributed, the connecting stone gate is connected to the lower bottom plate rock lane by being arranged at the rear side of the second coal seam, and the connecting lane is located at the rear of the second coal seam.

[0016] The grid-type roof through-layer drilling arrangement consists of a roof rock tunnel, a second drilling site and a top tunnel at the upper part, a second coal seam and surrounding coal tunnels at the lower part, and a grid-type roof through-layer drilling holes that radiate downward along the second drilling site and connect to the surrounding coal tunnels at the lower part; wherein the top rock tunnel passes through the middle of the second coal seam in the horizontal direction, and a connecting stone gate is arranged at the rear of the second coal seam, and the connecting stone gate connects the top tunnel and the surrounding coal tunnels at the lower part.

[0017] The arrangement of the through-layer drilling holes in the high-drawing lanes in the roof direction is composed of the rock layer located at the upper part, the high-drawing lanes running through the middle part, the goaf after mining of the lower coal seam, the fissures located in the goaf, the protective layers and the protected areas located on the upper and lower sides of the goaf respectively, and the through-layer drilling holes in the high-drawing lanes in the roof direction that radiate downward along the high-drawing lanes to connect the goaf and end at the boundary of the goaf.

[0018] There are multiple coal bunkers, which are connected through coal bunker intercommunication passages on the top; a canteen which is not connected to other buildings is also arranged in front of the office building and is separated by an aisle.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] 1) The gas extraction sand table model constructed in the present invention is a structural form that represents the gas extraction process and technology in a scaled on-site layout. The model is divided into two drilling layouts, and the models of the two layouts can be moved horizontally or vertically. The two models can achieve a step-by-step display effect, and can provide an easy-to-understand visual experience to clearly express or simulate the gas extraction process, which is convenient for on-site teaching.

[0021] 2) In the drilling model of the utility model, a hollow tubular material can be used as a drilling mold, and multiple sets of miniature colored lamps can be built in, and the flashing of the lamps can replace the extraction process, presenting a streaming effect as a whole, presenting a dynamic extraction process, so as to more vividly show the underground construction operation process.

[0022] 3) The coal seam and coal body in the utility model are replaced by soft, elastic and transparent materials, the coal body is designed as a hollow structure, the rock layer is replaced by hollow medium-density materials, and a small mesh net bag is used at the bottom of the upper rock layer, so that the rock layer can be easily recovered while showing the collapse process.

[0023] 4) Various materials in the model of the utility model are made of transparent plastic, which is easy to move and convenient for on-site teaching without affecting the appearance. The multi-building structure of the ground industrial square adopts a hollow structure, which is economical and greatly reduces the weight of the model. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the model of the arrangement mode of the in-layer drilling holes in the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inclined layer-coordinated drilling arrangement model in the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cross-bedding drilling arrangement model in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the model of the inclined layer drilling arrangement mode in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fan-shaped layer-by-layer drilling arrangement model in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the layer-through drilling arrangement model in the utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a large-area through-layer pre-drilling arrangement model in the utility model;

[0031] Figure 8It is a structural schematic diagram of the model of the arrangement mode of the strip-through-layer pre-extraction drilling holes in the middle coal lane of the utility model;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the model of the arrangement mode of the through-layer drilling holes of the grid-type top plate in the utility model;

[0033] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the model of the arrangement mode of the through-layer drilling holes in the high-drawn lane in the middle top plate direction of the utility model;

[0034] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the controller in the utility model.

[0035] In the figure, A is the inclined and inclined layer drilling arrangement, B is the cross drilling arrangement, C is the inclined layer drilling arrangement, D is the fan-shaped layer drilling arrangement, E is the large-area through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement, F is the coal roadway strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement, G is the grid-type roof through-layer drilling arrangement, and H is the roof strike high-extraction roadway through-layer drilling arrangement;

[0036] 1-coal delivery building, 2-canteen, 3-coal bunker observation building, 4-coal bunker intercommunication passage, 5-coal bunker, 6-coal bunker coal transportation passage, 7-office building, 8-ground coal transportation passage, 9-raw coal analysis building, 10-dispatching building, 11-staff dormitory building, 12-gas extraction and treatment room, 13-return air shaft, 14-auxiliary shaft, 15-main shaft, 16-first coal seam, 17-air lane, 18-inclined inclined layer drilling hole, 19-machine lane, 20-first cutting eye, 21-cross layer drilling hole, 22-inclined layer drilling hole, 23-fan-shaped layer drilling hole, 24-first drilling site, 25-bottom rock lane, 2 6-air tunnel to be excavated, 27-tunnel to be excavated, 28-second cutting eye, 29-second coal seam, 30-second drilling site, 31-large-area through-layer pre-extraction drilling holes, 32-connecting stone gate, 33-connecting tunnel, 34-strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling holes in coal tunnel, 35-roof rock tunnel, 36-grid roof through-layer drilling holes, 37-high-extraction tunnel, 38-goaf, 39-fissure, 40-protective layer, 41-protected layer, 42-roof direction high-extraction tunnel through-layer drilling holes, 43-rock layer, 44-joystick, 45-shift valve, 46-layer-through-layer switching valve, 47-gear switch, 48-large tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Example: Figure 1 to Figure 11As shown, the utility model provides a sand table model for demonstrating the gas extraction process, including a model shell, a ground industrial square model arranged above the model shell, and a mine underground production system model below the model shell, and the ground industrial square model and the mine underground production system model are connected through a main shaft 15, an auxiliary shaft 14 and a return air shaft 13.

[0039] The ground industrial square model includes a coal delivery building 1, a coal bunker observation building 3 and a coal bunker 5 which are arranged in sequence on the upper left side of the model shell, an office building 7 which is arranged in the upper middle part of the model shell, and a raw coal analysis building 9, a dispatching building 10, an employee dormitory building 11 and a gas extraction room 12 which are arranged in sequence on the upper right side of the model shell.

[0040] The coal bunker observation building 3 and the coal outlet building 1 are connected through a top channel, and the coal bunker observation building 3 and the coal bunker 5 are connected through a bottom channel. The right side of the coal bunker 5 is also connected to the side building of the office building 7 through a coal bunker transportation channel 4. There are multiple coal bunkers 5, and the multiple coal bunkers 5 are connected through the coal bunker intercommunication channels on the top.

[0041] A ground coal transportation passage 8 is arranged at the rear right side of the office building 7, and the ground coal transportation passage 8 is connected to the raw coal analysis building 9. The dispatching building 10 is arranged on the right side of the raw coal analysis building 9 and separated from it by an aisle. The employee dormitory building 11 is arranged on the front side of the dispatching building 10. The gas extraction chamber 12 is arranged on the right side of the coal outlet building 1. The main shaft 15 and the auxiliary shaft 14 are located on the same side of the gas extraction chamber 12, and the return air shaft 13 is located on the other side of the gas extraction chamber 12; a canteen 2 which is not connected to other buildings is also arranged in front of the office building 7 and is separated from it by an aisle.

[0042] The underground production system model of the mine includes two underground gas extraction drilling arrangement models, namely the in-layer drilling arrangement model and the through-layer drilling arrangement model. Both drilling arrangement models are provided with sliding devices in the vertical and horizontal directions, which can realize free switching between the two arrangement models and can move and switch positions freely.

[0043] The models of the arrangement of in-layer drilling holes include the inclined in-layer drilling hole arrangement, the cross-layer drilling hole arrangement, the inclined in-layer drilling hole arrangement and the fan-shaped in-layer drilling hole arrangement. The models of the through-layer drilling hole arrangement include the large-area through-layer pre-extraction drilling hole arrangement, the coal lane strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling hole arrangement, the grid-type roof through-layer drilling hole arrangement and the roof-trend high-extraction lane through-layer drilling hole arrangement.

[0044] Since the surface industrial square has not changed before and after gas extraction, the operation of the underground production system and the gas extraction process of the mine are explained in detail. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0045] In the model of the arrangement of in-layer drilling holes, the working face area is initially in gear 0, that is, the rock-coal seam state. The model controller gear switch 47 placed on the top of the employee dormitory building 11 is started and switched to gear 1. The borehole rises from the bottom and is interspersed in the first coal seam 16, transforming the original coal seam-rock seam state into the first coal seam 16 and rock seam 43 with in-layer drilling holes arranged; switching to gear 2, the lamps in the borehole flash at intervals, indicating the gas extraction process; switching to gear 3, the first coal seam 16 gradually collapses from the first cutting eye 20 toward the middle tunnel, and the rock layer gradually fills the original coal seam area; switching to gear 0, recovery.

[0046] Toggle the controller switching mode 46 switch to convert the in-layer drilling arrangement model into the through-layer drilling arrangement model. In the through-layer drilling arrangement model, in the large-area through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement model and the coal lane strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement model, at gear 0, the initial state of the working face is rock layer-coal layer-rock layer. Compared with the in-layer extraction drilling arrangement model, a connecting stone gate 32 will appear on the side; switch to gear 1, and the through-layer drill hole will appear at the bottom of the second coal seam 29; switch to gear 2, and the lights will turn on to show the extraction process; switch to gear 3, and the second coal seam 29 will gradually collapse from the second cutting eye 28 position until it collapses completely; switch to gear 0, and the whole will be restored to the initial state.

[0047] In the grid roof through-layer drilling arrangement model, at gear 0, the initial state of the working face is rock layer-coal seam; switching to gear 1, the roof rock tunnel 35 and the grid roof through-layer drilling holes 36 rise from the bottom and are located on the upper part of the coal seam; switching to gear 2, the lights are turned on to show the extraction process; switching to gear 3, the second coal seam 29 gradually collapses from the second cutting eye 28 position until it collapses completely; switching to gear 0, the whole is restored to the initial state.

[0048] In the model of the arrangement of through-layer drilling holes in the roof-to-high-extraction lane, the specific performance is somewhat different from the above-mentioned model of through-layer drilling holes. At gear 0, the initial state is rock layer-coal layer-rock layer; switching to gear 1, the high-extraction lane 37 rises from the bottom to the upper rock layer 43, and the second coal seam 29 gradually collapses from the position of the second cutting eye 28 until the top rock layer collapses and roughly fills the original position of the second coal seam 29; switching to gear 2, the through-layer drilling holes 42 in the roof-to-high-extraction lane rise from the bottom and are placed in the high-extraction lane 37 in the upper rock layer 43; switching to gear 4, the flow of lights shows the gas extraction process.

[0049] The specific process of the layer drilling arrangement model is as follows:

[0050] When the gear is 0, the initial state of the model working face is rock layer-coal layer, that is, the upper part is rock layer 43, the lower part is coal layer 29, and the coal body and rock body remain in the current state. Switch to gear 1, the layer extraction drilling model slowly rises from the lower part of the coal seam until it enters the middle position inside the first coal seam 16, and the joystick 44 can also be used to fine-tune the local model. Switch to gear 2, the lamps in the model begin to flash, and the direction of the light flow is from the middle of the first coal seam 16 to both sides, and then flows into the underground mine production system main lane 48 through the air lane 17 and the machine lane 19, and finally enters the gas extraction treatment room 12 from the return air shaft 13. Switch to gear 3, the first coal seam 16 gradually collapses from the first cut 20 toward the middle lane, and the layer extraction drilling model also decreases with the coal seam to below the horizontal plane of the mine production system. The collapsed part of the first coal seam 16 is filled in sequence by the rock layer 43 falling vertically until the entire working face is filled. Switch to gear 0, the rock layer 43 is recovered and rises to the initial position under the action of the net bag, the first coal seam 16 also rises to the initial position, and the extraction drill hole returns to below the coal seam, returning to the original state, that is, the upper part is the rock layer, the lower part is the coal seam, and the extraction drill hole is located below the first coal seam 16.

[0051] The specific process of the through-layer drilling arrangement model is divided into three parts, as follows:

[0052] The controller switching mode 46 switch is toggled from the in-layer drilling arrangement model to the through-layer drilling arrangement model, and the in-layer drilling arrangement model in the sandbox model is converted into the through-layer drilling arrangement model, and the connecting stone gate 32 rises from the bottom and connects between the bottom rock layer 43 and the second coal seam 29.

[0053] In the first part, for the two extraction drilling models of the large-area through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement model and the coal lane strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement model, when the gear switch 47 is set to gear 0, the coal and rock strata from top to bottom of the working face are - rock stratum, coal stratum, rock stratum. Switching to gear 1, the through-layer drilling rises from the bottom to the lower side of the second coal seam 29, the drilling branch is in the second coal seam 29, and the confluence point is in the second drilling field 30. Switching to gear 2, the light streamer effect is shown as originating from the end of the through-layer drilling branch, passing through the second drilling field 30 at the confluence point, passing through the bottom rock lane 25 in turn, and then passing through the connecting lane 33 and the connecting stone gate 32 to enter the large lane 48, and then finally entering the gas extraction treatment room 12 from the return air shaft 13. Switch to gear 3, the second coal seam 29 gradually falls outward from the second cut hole 28, and the rock layer 43 collapses as the second coal seam 29 falls, until the entire coal seam falling area is filled. Switch to gear 0, the net bag works to stretch the collapsed rock layer 43 to its original position, the second coal seam 29 also returns to its initial position, and the through-layer drilling model shrinks below the second coal seam 29.

[0054] Part 2: For the grid-type roof through-layer drilling arrangement model, when the gear switch 47 is set to gear 0, the coal and rock strata from top to bottom of the working face are - rock strata, coal strata. Switch to gear 1, the roof rock tunnel 35 and the grid-type roof through-layer drilling holes 36 rise from the bottom of the second coal seam 29 to a position above the second coal seam 29, and the tips of the grid-type roof through-layer drilling holes 36 are just placed in the second coal seam 29 and do not exceed the boundary of the second coal seam 29. Switch to gear 2, and the lighting effect begins to appear. The streamer effect is shown as starting from the branch tip of the grid-type roof through-layer drilling holes 36, passing through the second drilling site 30, passing through the roof rock tunnel 35, and then to the connecting stone gate 32, and then entering the main tunnel 48, and finally entering the gas extraction and treatment room 12 from the return air shaft 13. Switch to gear 3, the second drilling site 30, the roof rock tunnel 35 and the grid-type roof through-layer drill hole 36 fall below the second coal seam 29, the second coal seam 29 gradually falls from the opposite side of the connecting stone gate 32, and the upper rock layer 43 fills the coal seam falling area in turn until it fills the original position of the second coal seam 29. Switch to gear 0, the rock layer 43 in the collapse area rises to the initial position due to the action of the net bag, and the coal seam also returns to the initial position.

[0055] The third part, the operation process of the model of the arrangement of drilling holes in the high-drawing tunnel from the roof to the layer is as follows: when the gear switch 47 is set to the 0 gear, the initial state of the coal seam and rock layer is rock layer-coal seam-rock layer from top to bottom. Switching to the 1 gear, the high-drawing tunnel 37 rises from below the second coal seam 29 to above the second coal seam 29 with a short distance from it, and is placed in the upper rock layer 43, and then the second coal seam 29 gradually falls from the position of the second cut 28, and the top rock layer 43 collapses until the entire working face area collapses and is filled, and the position of the second coal seam 29 falls below the original horizontal plane. Switch to gear 2, the roof rises from the bottom to the interlayer drill hole 42 in the high-extraction lane, and the drilling cluster point is located in the high-extraction lane 37 in the upper rock layer 43. At this time, the rock layer 43 that fills and replaces the position of the second coal seam 29 is changed to the goaf 38; switch to gear 4, the light flows, and the direction of the light flow is from the roof in the goaf 38 to the end of the interlayer drill hole 42 in the high-extraction lane, through the high-extraction lane 37, through the connecting stone gate 32, and then through the mine production system lane 48, and finally through the return air shaft 13 into the gas extraction treatment room 12.

[0056] The gas extraction sand table model constructed in the utility model is a structural form that represents the gas extraction process and technology in a scaled on-site layout manner. The model is divided into two drilling layout modes, and the models of the two layout modes can achieve horizontal or vertical movement. The two models can achieve a step-by-step display effect, and can provide an easy-to-understand visual experience to clearly express or simulate the gas extraction process, which is convenient for on-site teaching.

[0057] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the utility model by ordinary technicians in this field should be included in the scope of the claims of the utility model as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A sand table model for demonstrating the gas extraction process, characterized in that: It comprises a model shell, a ground industrial plaza model arranged above the model shell, and a mine underground production system model arranged below the model shell, wherein the ground industrial plaza model and the mine underground production system model are connected via a main shaft (15), an auxiliary shaft (14) and a return air shaft (13); The ground industrial square model comprises a coal delivery building (1), a coal bunker observation building (3) and a coal bunker (5) arranged in sequence on the upper left side of the model shell, an office building (7) arranged in the upper middle part of the model shell, and a raw coal analysis building (9), a dispatching building (10), a staff dormitory building (11) and a gas extraction room (12) arranged in sequence on the upper right side of the model shell; The coal bunker observation building (3) and the coal outlet building (1) are connected via a top passage, the coal bunker observation building (3) and the coal bunker (5) are connected via a bottom passage, the right side of the coal bunker (5) is also connected to the side building of the office building (7) via a coal bunker transport passage (4), a ground coal transport passage (8) is arranged at the rear right side of the office building (7), the ground coal transport passage (8) is connected to the raw coal analysis building (9), the dispatching building (10) is arranged at the right side of the raw coal analysis building (9) and is separated from it by a corridor, the staff dormitory building (11) is arranged at the front side of the dispatching building (10), the gas extraction chamber (12) is arranged at the right side of the coal outlet building (1), the main shaft (15) and the auxiliary shaft (14) are located on the same side of the gas extraction chamber (12), and the return air shaft (13) is located on the other side of the gas extraction chamber (12); The mine underground production system model includes two underground gas extraction drilling arrangement models, namely, a layer-aligned drilling arrangement model and a through-layer drilling arrangement model. Both drilling arrangement models are provided with sliding devices capable of moving and switching positions in the vertical and horizontal directions. The layer-aligned drilling arrangement model includes a dip-inclined layer-aligned drilling arrangement, a cross-layer-aligned drilling arrangement, a dip-aligned layer-aligned drilling arrangement and a fan-shaped layer-aligned drilling arrangement. The through-layer drilling arrangement model includes a large-area through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement, a coal lane strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement, a grid-type roof through-layer drilling arrangement and a roof-trend high-extraction lane through-layer drilling arrangement.

2. A sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined and incline-bedding drilling arrangement method comprises a ventilation tunnel (17) and a machine tunnel (19) arranged on both sides of a first coal seam (16), a first cutting hole (20) arranged at the bottom of the first coal seam (16), and an inclined and incline-bedding drilling hole (18) arranged between the two tunnels, wherein the drilling trajectories of the ventilation tunnel (17), the machine tunnel (19), the first cutting hole (20) and the inclined and incline-bedding drilling hole (18) are all on the same horizontal plane.

3. A sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-beam drilling arrangement comprises a ventilation tunnel (17) and a machine tunnel (19) arranged on both sides of a first coal seam (16), a first cutting hole (20) arranged at the bottom of the first coal seam (16), and a cross-beam drilling hole (21) arranged between the two tunnels, wherein the drilling trajectories of the ventilation tunnel (17), the machine tunnel (19), the first cutting hole (20) and the cross-beam drilling hole (21) are all on the same horizontal plane.

4. A sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined bed-coordinated drilling arrangement method comprises a ventilation tunnel (17) and a machine tunnel (19) arranged on both sides of a first coal seam (16), a first cutting hole (20) arranged at the bottom of the first coal seam (16), and an inclined bed-coordinated drilling hole (22) arranged between the two tunnels, wherein the drilling trajectories of the ventilation tunnel (17), the machine tunnel (19), the first cutting hole (20) and the inclined bed-coordinated drilling hole (22) are all on the same horizontal plane.

5. A sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan-shaped in-bed drilling arrangement comprises a ventilation tunnel (17) and a machine tunnel (19) arranged on both sides of a first coal seam (16), a first cutting hole (20) arranged at the bottom of the first coal seam (16), and a fan-shaped in-bed drilling hole (23) arranged between the two tunnels and horizontally connected to a first drilling site (24), wherein the drilling trajectories of the ventilation tunnel (17), the machine tunnel (19), the first drilling site (24), the first cutting hole (20) and the fan-shaped in-bed drilling hole (23) are all on the same horizontal plane.

6. A sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large-area cross-layer pre-extraction drilling arrangement is composed of a second coal seam (29), a ventilation tunnel to be excavated (26), a tunnel to be excavated (27) and a second cut hole (28) located at the upper part, a bottom plate rock tunnel (25), a second drilling site (30), a connecting stone gate (32) and a connecting tunnel (33) located at the lower part, and large-area cross-layer pre-extraction drilling holes (31) that diverge upward along the second drilling site (30); wherein the horizontal position difference between the upper coal seam area and the lower rock layer area is half a layer area, the drilling trajectory of the large-area cross-layer pre-extraction drilling holes (31) is located on the inner side of the ventilation tunnel to be excavated (26) and the tunnel to be excavated (27), the connecting stone gate (32) is connected to the lower bottom plate rock tunnel (25) by being arranged at the rear side of the second coal seam (29), and the connecting tunnel (33) is located at the rear of the second coal seam (29).

7. A sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement of the coal roadway strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling holes is composed of a second coal seam (29), a ventilation roadway to be excavated (26), a machine roadway to be excavated (27) and a second cut hole (28) located at the upper part, a bottom plate rock roadway (25), a second drilling site (30), a connecting stone gate (32) and a connecting roadway (33) located at the lower part, and coal roadway strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling holes (34) that diverge upward along the second drilling site (30); wherein the horizontal position difference between the upper coal seam area and the lower rock layer area is one-fourth of a layer area, the terminal branch of the drilling trajectory of the coal roadway strip through-layer pre-extraction drilling holes (34) penetrates the upper ventilation roadway to be excavated (26) and the machine roadway to be excavated (27) and is densely distributed, the connecting stone gate (32) is connected to the lower bottom plate rock roadway (25) by being arranged at the side and rear of the second coal seam (29), and the connecting roadway (33) is located at the rear of the second coal seam (29).

8. A sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid-type roof through-layer drilling arrangement is composed of a roof rock tunnel (35), a second drilling site (30) and a top tunnel located at the top, a second coal seam (29) and surrounding coal tunnels located at the bottom, and a grid-type roof through-layer drilling hole (36) that radiates downward along the second drilling site (30) and connects to the surrounding coal tunnels at the bottom; wherein the roof rock tunnel (35) passes through the middle of the second coal seam (29) in the horizontal direction, and a connecting stone gate (32) is arranged at the rear of the second coal seam (29), and the connecting stone gate (32) connects the top tunnel and the surrounding coal tunnels at the bottom.

9. A sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement of the through-layer drilling holes in the roof-oriented high-drawing laneway is composed of a rock layer located at the top, a high-drawing laneway (37) running through the middle, a goaf (38) after the mining of the lower coal seam, a fissure (39) located in the goaf (38), a protective layer (40) and a protected layer (41) located at the upper and lower sides of the goaf (38), respectively, and through-layer drilling holes (42) in the roof-oriented high-drawing laneway that radiate downward along the high-drawing laneway (37) to connect to the goaf (38) and end at the boundary of the goaf (38).

10. A sand table model for demonstrating a gas extraction process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coal bunkers (5) are provided in plurality, and the plurality of coal bunkers (5) are connected to each other via coal bunker intercommunication passages on the tops; a canteen (2) which is not connected to other buildings is also provided in front of the office building (7) and is separated by a corridor.

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