Anti-scaling evaporative condensers and chillers

Abstract

The utility model provides an anti-scaling evaporative condenser and a chiller, including a heat exchange component, a spray component, a liquid collecting box and an online scale absorber. The heat exchange component includes a copper heat exchange tube, the copper heat exchange tube is used to circulate refrigerant, the spray component is arranged toward the copper heat exchange tube, the liquid collecting box collects cooling water after heat exchange, the liquid collecting box is connected to the spray component through a water supply pipeline, and the online scale absorber is installed on the liquid collecting box or the water supply pipeline. In this scheme, the heat exchange tube adopts a copper tube, which has high heat transfer efficiency, corrosion resistance, a relatively smooth surface, and is not easy to scale. The online scale absorber in this scheme can absorb scale, fungi, etc., and is easy to clean, so that the circulating water body is in a low calcium and magnesium ion concentration state for a long time, and does not need to be used in combination with chemical agents. Through this scheme, it is not easy to scale in the evaporative condenser and it is easy to remove scale, which ensures the heat exchange effect of the evaporative condenser for long-term use, and the energy-saving effect is obvious.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of refrigeration equipment, and in particular to an anti-scaling evaporative condenser and a chiller. Background Art

[0002] An evaporative condenser is a heat exchange unit used for condensation and cooling. It utilizes the evaporation of the spray water outside the heat exchange tube to absorb the heat of the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant in the heat exchange tube, thereby gradually cooling the refrigerant in the tube from gas to liquid.

[0003] The heat exchange tube commonly used in evaporative condensers is a carbon steel hot-dip galvanized round tube. It uses an extra-long special steel tube, which has passed the 2.5MPa air pressure test in water, is assembled into a whole, and is hot-dip galvanized at a high temperature of nearly 430°C. Zinc is a relatively active metal. It can react chemically with oxygen and water to form a dense zinc oxide film, which can prevent the carbon steel tube from further corrosion. The galvanized layer can also serve as a protective layer for the carbon steel tube to increase its wear resistance, impact resistance and pressure resistance. However, the hot-dip galvanizing process of carbon steel is complicated, and the galvanized layer is prone to quality defects. Once defects occur, the iron base will corrode and leak rapidly. Because the cooling water contains calcium and magnesium ions, when the cooling water flows through the surface of the heat exchange tube and evaporates, a layer of scale will be generated on the surface of the heat exchange tube, which will reduce the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube. In particular, the heat transfer coefficient of carbon steel is small, and water film dry spots are prone to appear at the bottom of the carbon steel tube wall, which is easy to scale and affect the heat transfer effect.

[0004] Existing scale cleaning methods such as mechanical scrubbing, high-pressure water gun flushing, and chemical pickling cleaning will cause many problems when cleaning equipment. They cannot completely remove scale and other deposits, and the acid will also corrode the equipment. Another method is to use an electronic descaling device, but scale and fungi still exist in the water and cannot be removed. The fundamental problem of the water body is not solved, and it needs to be used in combination with chemical agents. As the use time increases, the descaling is not obvious, and the energy-saving effect is not obvious.

[0005] Therefore, the evaporative condenser in the prior art is prone to scale formation and has poor cleaning effect after scale formation. Utility Model Content

[0006] The utility model provides an anti-scaling evaporative condenser and a chiller to solve the problem in the prior art that the evaporative condenser is prone to scale generation and the scale is difficult to remove, thereby ensuring the heat exchange effect of the evaporative condenser during long-term use.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides an anti-scaling evaporative condenser, including a heat exchange component, a spray component, a liquid collecting tank and an online scale absorber. The spray component, the heat exchange component and the liquid collecting tank are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The heat exchange component includes a copper heat exchange tube, which is used to circulate refrigerant. The spray component is arranged toward the copper heat exchange tube. The liquid collecting tank collects cooling water after heat exchange. The liquid collecting tank is connected to the spray component through a water supply pipeline. The online scale absorber is installed on the liquid collecting tank or the water supply pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, the anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a conductivity meter and a drain valve. The conductivity meter is installed in the liquid collecting tank or the water supply pipeline. The conductivity meter is used to detect the conductivity of the cooling water. When the detected conductivity is greater than the set value, the drain valve opens to discharge at least a portion of the cooling water in the liquid collecting tank.

[0009] Furthermore, the conductivity meter is installed on the side wall of the liquid collecting tank, and the anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a drain pipe, which is located below the liquid collecting tank and connected to the liquid collecting tank. The drain valve is an electric two-way valve, and the drain valve is installed on the drain pipe; wherein, when the conductivity meter detects that the conductivity of the cooling water is greater than 850μS / cm, the drain valve opens, and the drain valve is closed until the conductivity of the cooling water is less than 800μS / cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the refrigerant circulating in the copper heat exchange tube is tetrafluoroethane.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat exchange component also includes a bracket, and there are multiple copper heat exchange tubes. The multiple copper heat exchange tubes are arranged in the cavity of the bracket at intervals, and there are no fins in the cavity of the bracket.

[0012] Furthermore, the online dirt suction device is installed in the liquid collecting box, and the online dirt suction device includes a support base and an anode and a cathode installed on the support base. The cathode is a mesh structure and is arranged around the anode. The anode and the cathode are connected to an external power supply through a cable.

[0013] Furthermore, the anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a packing and a fan. The packing is a porous structure. The heat exchange component, the packing and the liquid collecting tank are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the heat exchange component and the fan are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction. Wherein, under the action of the fan, the first airflow blows through the heat exchange component from top to bottom, and the second airflow blows through the packing in the horizontal direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the fan is arranged at a position higher than the heat exchange component, and the anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a liquid baffle, which is located on a side of the filler close to the fan in the horizontal direction.

[0015] Furthermore, a spray assembly, a heat exchange assembly and a filler constitute a group of heat exchange structures, and the anti-scaling evaporative condenser includes two groups of heat exchange structures arranged side by side, and the fan is located between the two groups of heat exchange structures.

[0016] The utility model also provides a chiller, comprising an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator, a compressor, an oil-gas separator and an anti-scaling evaporative condenser connected in sequence through a circulation pipeline, and the anti-scaling evaporative condenser is the above-mentioned anti-scaling evaporative condenser.

[0017] Furthermore, the chiller also includes a temperature sensor arranged on the circulation pipeline, which is used to detect the exhaust temperature of the compressor; the refrigerant circulating in the chiller and the opening setting of the electronic expansion valve make the exhaust temperature of the compressor less than 50°C.

[0018] The technical solution of the utility model is applied to provide an anti-scaling evaporative condenser, including a heat exchange component, a spray component, a liquid collecting box and an online scale absorber. The spray component, the heat exchange component and the liquid collecting box are arranged in order from top to bottom. The heat exchange component includes a copper heat exchange tube, which is used to circulate refrigerant. The spray component is arranged toward the copper heat exchange tube. The liquid collecting box collects cooling water after heat exchange. The liquid collecting box is connected to the spray component through a water supply pipeline. The online scale absorber is installed on the liquid collecting box or the water supply pipeline. In this solution, the heat exchange tube adopts a copper tube, which has high heat transfer efficiency, corrosion resistance, a relatively smooth surface, and is not easy to scale. Moreover, the thermal expansion coefficients of copper and scale are quite different. When the unit is running, the expansion of the copper tube is greater than the expansion of the scale, and the scale breaks. When the unit is shut down, the contraction of the copper tube is greater than the contraction of the scale, and the scale falls off, reducing the accumulation of scale. In addition, the online scale absorber in this solution can absorb calcium, magnesium and other ions in the water, reduce the generation of scale, and is easy to clean, so that the circulating water body is in a low calcium and magnesium ion concentration state for a long time, and there is no need to use chemical agents. Through this solution, it is not easy to form scale in the evaporative condenser and it is easy to remove scale, which ensures the heat exchange effect of the evaporative condenser for long-term use, and the energy-saving effect is obvious. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-scaling evaporative condenser provided by the embodiment of the utility model is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the chiller provided by the embodiment of the utility model is shown.

[0022] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0023] 110. heat exchange component; 111. copper heat exchange tube; 112. bracket;

[0024] 120. Spray assembly;

[0025] 130. Liquid collecting tank;

[0026] 140. Online dirt suction device; 141. Support seat; 142. Anode; 143. Cathode;

[0027] 151. Conductivity meter; 152. Drain valve; 153. Drain pipe;

[0028] 160, filler; 170, fan; 180, liquid baffle;

[0029] 210, electronic expansion valve; 220, evaporator; 230, compressor; 240, oil-gas separator; 250, temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means a limitation on the utility model and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0031] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides an anti-scaling evaporative condenser, including a heat exchange component 110, a spray component 120, a liquid collecting tank 130 and an online scale absorber 140. The spray component 120, the heat exchange component 110 and the liquid collecting tank 130 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The heat exchange component 110 includes a copper heat exchange tube 111, and the copper heat exchange tube 111 is used to circulate refrigerant. The spray component 120 is arranged toward the copper heat exchange tube 111. The liquid collecting tank 130 collects cooling water after heat exchange. The liquid collecting tank 130 is connected to the spray component 120 through a water supply pipeline, and the online scale absorber 140 is installed on the liquid collecting tank 130 or the water supply pipeline.

[0032] In this scheme, the heat exchange tube adopts copper tube, which has high heat transfer efficiency, corrosion resistance, smooth surface and is not easy to scale. Moreover, the thermal expansion coefficient of copper and scale is quite different. When the unit is running, the expansion of copper tube is greater than that of scale, and scale breaks. When the unit is shut down, the contraction of copper tube is greater than that of scale, and scale falls off, reducing the accumulation of scale. In addition, the online scale absorber 140 in this scheme can absorb calcium, magnesium and other ions in water, thereby reducing the generation of scale, and the online scale absorber 140 can absorb scale, fungi, etc. to a certain extent, and it is easy to clean, so that the circulating water body is in a low calcium and magnesium ion concentration state for a long time, and there is no need to use chemical agents. Through this scheme, it is not easy to scale in the evaporative condenser and it is easy to remove scale, which ensures the heat exchange effect of the evaporative condenser for long-term use, and the energy-saving effect is obvious. Among them, the material of the copper tube can be copper alloy or pure copper.

[0033] In this solution, the anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a conductivity meter 151 and a drain valve 152. The conductivity meter 151 is installed on the liquid collection tank 130 or the water supply pipeline. The conductivity meter 151 is used to detect the conductivity of the cooling water. When the detected conductivity is greater than the set value, the drain valve 152 opens to discharge at least a portion of the cooling water in the liquid collection tank 130.

[0034] After the unit has been used for a long time, the cooling water evaporates continuously, causing the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in the cooling water to increase. In the prior art, a drain valve is used to drain the water regularly to reduce the concentration, which results in a waste of water resources.

[0035] Solid substances such as calcium and magnesium ions and fungi in water directly affect the conductivity of water, so the content of solid substances such as calcium and magnesium ions and fungi in water can be accurately known by detecting the conductivity of water. Through the above settings, when the conductivity of cooling water detected by the conductivity meter 151 is greater than the set value, it is considered that the concentration of solid substances such as calcium and magnesium ions in the cooling water is too high, and the drain valve 152 is opened to discharge at least a part of the cooling water in the liquid collection tank 130, and then replenish new cooling water. In this way, drainage is only carried out when necessary, which not only reduces the concentration of solid substances such as calcium and magnesium ions in the cooling water, but also avoids the problem of wasting water resources by regular drainage.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the conductivity meter 151 is installed on the side wall of the liquid collecting tank 130, and the anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a drain pipe 153, which is located below the liquid collecting tank 130 and is connected to the liquid collecting tank 130. The drain valve 152 is an electric two-way valve, and the drain valve 152 is installed on the drain pipe 153; wherein, when the conductivity meter 151 detects that the conductivity of the cooling water is greater than 850μS / cm, the drain valve 152 is opened, and the drain valve 152 is closed until the conductivity of the cooling water is less than 800μS / cm.

[0037] After the unit is used for a long time, solid substances such as calcium and magnesium ions tend to accumulate at the bottom of the liquid collecting tank. The drain pipe 153 is located below the liquid collecting tank 130 to easily discharge the solid substances. The above arrangement ensures that the solid content of the cooling water is low, the heat exchange component 110 is not easy to scale during use, and water resources are saved.

[0038] Traditional anti-scaling evaporative condensers use R22 refrigerant. The exhaust temperature of the compressor in the unit is generally around 68°C. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor enters the heat exchange tube of the anti-scaling evaporative condenser at a temperature of about 63°C. 50°C-60°C is the temperature range at which calcium and magnesium ions in water begin to scale easily. When the temperature exceeds 60°C, the scaling speed will be significantly accelerated. When the refrigerant with a higher temperature enters the heat exchange tube of the anti-scaling evaporative condenser, it is easy to cause the water outside the heat exchange tube to evaporate and form scale.

[0039] In this solution, the refrigerant circulating in the copper heat exchange tube 111 is tetrafluoroethane, i.e., R134a. This refrigerant can reduce the refrigerant temperature of the copper heat exchange tube 111 entering the anti-scaling evaporative condenser, reduce the surface temperature of the copper heat exchange tube 111 of the anti-scaling evaporative condenser to below 50°C, avoid the temperature range where cooling water is prone to scaling, and significantly reduce the scaling of calcium and magnesium ions on the surface of the heat exchange tube.

[0040] In this solution, the heat exchange assembly 110 further includes a bracket 112, and there are multiple copper heat exchange tubes 111. The multiple copper heat exchange tubes 111 are arranged in the cavity of the bracket 112 at intervals, and there are no fins in the cavity of the bracket 112. The bracket 112 supports the multiple copper heat exchange tubes 111 to facilitate the arrangement of the copper heat exchange tubes 111. In this solution, because water needs to be sprayed on the copper heat exchange tubes 111, if fins are provided, the fins are easily damaged, and there are many gaps, which are easy to scale. No fins are provided in the cavity of the bracket 112, which can avoid the above problems.

[0041] Among them, the online dirt suction device 140 is installed in the liquid collecting box 130, and the online dirt suction device 140 includes a support base 141 and an anode 142 and a cathode 143 installed on the support base 141. The cathode 143 is a mesh structure and is arranged around the anode 142. The anode 142 and the cathode 143 are connected to an external power supply through cables.

[0042] The anode 142 and cathode 143 in the online scale suction device 140 are connected to a power source, and a high-frequency current acts on water through the anode 142 and cathode 143, causing the physical properties of water molecules to change, so that the macromolecular water dissolved with calcium, magnesium and other ions in the water splits into active small molecule water, and the calcium and magnesium ions separated from the water gather at the cathode 143 and form crystals. Through regular cleaning, the calcium and magnesium ion content in the water can be reduced, so as to soften the water quality and prevent scaling, and soften the existing scale at the same time. When the online scale suction device 140 electrolyzes water, it produces O2 and H2, as well as active ions such as H2O2, O2-, and H+, which can kill and inhibit the growth of bacteria and algae, improve water quality, and purify water without adding any chemicals, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a packing 160 and a fan 170, the packing 160 is a porous structure, the spray component 120, the heat exchange component 110, the packing 160 and the liquid collecting box 130 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the heat exchange component 110 and the fan 170 are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction; wherein, under the action of the fan 170, the first airflow blows through the heat exchange component 110 from top to bottom, and the second airflow blows through the packing 160 in the horizontal direction.

[0044] When in use, the spray assembly 120 sprays spray water to the heat exchange assembly 110, and the spray water flows into the heat exchange assembly 110 and contacts the copper heat exchange tube 111, thereby realizing heat exchange of the refrigerant in the copper heat exchange tube 111. By setting the fan 170, it is possible to increase the process of air-cooled heat exchange on the basis of the water-cooled heat exchange of the copper heat exchange tube 111 by the spray assembly 120. Specifically, the airflow generated by the fan 170 passes through the copper heat exchange tube 111, which can accelerate the heat absorption and evaporation of the spray water on the wall of the copper heat exchange tube 111, thereby promoting heat exchange. At the same time, the airflow generated by the fan 170 can also have a further heat dissipation effect on the spray water in the filler 160. The spray water sprayed by the spray assembly 120 exchanges heat with the copper heat exchange tube 111 and then flows into the filler 160. When the spray water passes through the filler 160, a tortuous water flow ripple is formed, which prolongs the flow time. The heat in the spray water is taken away by the flow of the second airflow, further improving the cooling effect of the spray water so that the spray water can be recycled.

[0045] In this solution, the copper heat exchange tube 111 has high heat transfer efficiency, corrosion resistance, a relatively smooth surface, and is not easy to scale. In addition, the wind and water are designed in the same direction, that is, the spray water and the first airflow are both in the same direction from top to bottom, which is further conducive to the formation of water film on the surface of the copper heat exchange tube 111, reducing the occurrence of water film dry points and reducing or preventing the formation of hard scale.

[0046] Specifically, the fan 170 is arranged at a position higher than the heat exchange component 110, which is conducive to forming the first airflow and the second airflow, so that the airflow flows in the required direction. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a liquid baffle 180, which is located on the side of the packing 160 close to the fan 170 in the horizontal direction. The liquid baffle 180 prevents the spray water from leaking out of the packing 160, ensuring that the spray water can all enter the liquid collection tank 130 after being cooled by the packing 160. Specifically, the liquid baffle 180 is arranged in a louver type, and the blades on the liquid baffle 180 are arranged obliquely along the direction of the first airflow, which not only has a blocking effect on the spray water, but also facilitates the circulation of the airflow and enhances the heat exchange effect.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, a spray assembly 120, a heat exchange assembly 110 and a filler 160 form a group of heat exchange structures, and the anti-scaling evaporative condenser includes two groups of heat exchange structures arranged side by side, and the fan 170 is located between the two groups of heat exchange structures. In this way, the two groups of heat exchange structures share a fan 170 and a liquid collecting tank 130, which not only enhances the heat exchange effect of the anti-scaling evaporative condenser, but also makes the structure simpler and more compact.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the utility model also provides a chiller, including an electronic expansion valve 210, an evaporator 220, a compressor 230, an oil-gas separator 240 and an anti-scaling evaporative condenser connected in sequence through a circulation pipeline, and the anti-scaling evaporative condenser is the above-mentioned anti-scaling evaporative condenser.

[0049] In this scheme, the heat exchange tubes of the anti-scaling evaporative condenser are made of copper tubes. Copper tubes have high heat transfer efficiency, corrosion resistance, a relatively smooth surface, and are not easy to scale. In addition, the thermal expansion coefficients of copper and scale are quite different. When the unit is running, the expansion of the copper tube is greater than the expansion of the scale, and the scale breaks. When the unit is shut down, the contraction of the copper tube is greater than the contraction of the scale, and the scale falls off, reducing the accumulation of scale. In addition, the online scale absorber in this scheme can absorb scale, fungi, etc., and is easy to clean, keeping the circulating water in a low calcium and magnesium ion concentration state for a long time, and does not need to be used in combination with chemical agents. Through this scheme, it is not easy to scale in the anti-scaling evaporative condenser and it is easy to remove scale, which ensures the heat exchange effect of the chiller for long-term use and has obvious energy-saving effects.

[0050] The chiller also includes a temperature sensor 250 disposed on the circulation pipeline, and the temperature sensor 250 is used to detect the exhaust temperature of the compressor 230; the refrigerant circulating in the chiller and the opening of the electronic expansion valve 210 are set so that the exhaust temperature of the compressor 230 is less than 50°C. By selecting a suitable refrigerant type and controlling the opening of the electronic expansion valve, the exhaust temperature of the compressor 230 can be controlled to be less than 50°C. In this way, the surface temperature of the copper heat exchange tube 111 of the anti-scaling evaporative condenser is lowered to less than 50°C, avoiding the temperature range where the cooling water is prone to scaling, and significantly reducing the scaling of calcium and magnesium ions on the surface of the copper heat exchange tube 111.

[0051] Among them, the electronic expansion valve can automatically adjust the opening according to the needs of the system to achieve precise control of the refrigerant. The opening size of the electronic expansion valve has a certain influence on the exhaust temperature of the compressor:

[0052] 1. When the opening of the electronic expansion valve increases, more refrigerant flows into the evaporator, which causes the refrigerant in the evaporator to evaporate faster and absorb more heat. As the heat absorbed by the refrigerant increases, the amount of gas that the compressor needs to compress also increases, which causes the exhaust temperature of the compressor to rise.

[0053] 2. On the contrary, when the opening of the electronic expansion valve decreases, the amount of refrigerant flowing into the evaporator decreases. This causes the refrigerant in the evaporator to evaporate more slowly and absorb less heat. Therefore, the compressor needs to compress less gas and the exhaust temperature will decrease.

[0054] 3. The electronic expansion valve can balance the exhaust temperature of the compressor to a certain extent by precisely controlling the opening. If the system detects that the exhaust temperature is too high, the electronic expansion valve can reduce the opening to lower the exhaust temperature; conversely, if the exhaust temperature is too low, the electronic expansion valve can increase the opening to increase the exhaust temperature.

[0055] In order to understand this solution more clearly, further explanation is given below.

[0056] The principle of scale formation is mainly due to the calcium ions and magnesium ions in the water combining with other substances to form water-insoluble precipitates. The specific process of scale formation is related to water quality, temperature, etc.:

[0057] 1. Hardness of water: The formation of scale is related to the hardness of water. The hardness mainly comes from calcium ions and magnesium ions in water. When the concentration of these ions is high, scale is more likely to form.

[0058] 2. Water temperature: The formation of scale is closely related to water temperature. When water is heated, the calcium and magnesium ions in the water will combine with other substances (such as bicarbonate ions) to form water-insoluble precipitates such as calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate. As the water temperature rises, the solubility of these precipitates decreases, making it easier for scale to form.

[0059] 3. Water quality: Water quality also has a great impact on the formation of scale. Suspended matter and organic matter in water can promote or inhibit the formation of scale. For example, substances such as silicates and phosphates in water can combine with calcium ions and magnesium ions to form precipitates that are more difficult to dissolve in water, thereby promoting the formation of scale.

[0060] 4. Flow rate and direction of water flow: The speed and direction of water flow will also affect the formation of scale. In places with faster flow rates, the sediment in the water is not easy to settle on the surface, and the speed of scale formation will be reduced. The change in the direction of water flow may make the sediment in the water more likely to settle on the surface, thus leading to the formation of scale.

[0061] 5. Material surface: The formation of scale is also related to the nature of the contact surface. Some material surfaces are more likely to adsorb calcium and magnesium ions in water, thus promoting the formation of scale.

[0062] The chiller uses an online scale absorber 140, and calcium and magnesium ions and killed algae are absorbed by the online scale absorber 140 to achieve the effect of descaling, sterilizing and killing algae. The concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in the cooling water is reduced. The scale inhibition efficiency is 99%, the sterilization rate is greater than 99%, the algae killing rate is greater than 95%, and the Legionella index meets the requirements of national standards. The water quality after treatment meets the requirements of the national standard GB50050-2007 Industrial Circulating Cooling Water Treatment Design Specification.

[0063] The chiller uses environmentally friendly refrigerant R134a, with an exhaust temperature of about 52°C, which is lower than R22. The electronic expansion valve is adjusted according to the required exhaust superheat. The exhaust superheat is the difference between the exhaust temperature and the condensing temperature (that is, the actual temperature-pressure corresponding to the saturation temperature). The general condensing temperature is 36°C. In order to prevent the compressor from inhaling wet steam and causing liquid compression, the exhaust superheat is guaranteed to be ≥10 degrees. The electronic expansion valve is adjusted to make the compressor exhaust temperature around 46°C. After compression, the refrigerant passes through the oil separator and has a temperature drop of about 3 degrees. The refrigerant temperature entering the anti-scaling evaporative condenser is about 43°C, avoiding the temperature range of 50°C-60°C where calcium and magnesium ions are prone to scaling. The scaling rate will be significantly accelerated when the temperature exceeds 60°C. The surface temperature of the heat exchange tube of the anti-scaling evaporative condenser is reduced to a temperature range lower than the temperature range where cooling water is prone to scaling, which greatly reduces the scaling of calcium and magnesium ions on the surface of the heat exchange tube.

[0064] The anti-scaling evaporative condenser of this chiller uses copper heat exchange tubes. Copper has high heat transfer efficiency, corrosion resistance, and a relatively smooth surface, which is not easy to scale. The wind and water are designed in the same direction, that is, the spraying water and blowing directions are both in the same direction from top to bottom, which is further conducive to the formation of water film, reduces the occurrence of water film dry spots, avoids surface dry spots, and prevents the formation of hard scale. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser does not wear fins inside. Because water needs to be sprayed on the heat exchange tube, the fins are easily damaged and the gaps are easily scaled. The heat exchange process is to form a water film on the surface of the heat exchange tube to exchange heat with the inside of the tube, which is different from the heat exchange principle of air cooling. The water in the water collection tank is pumped to the upper part of the unit, and is evenly sprayed on the copper heat exchange tube through multiple nozzles arranged on the spray assembly. Under the combined action of water and wind, the heat is mainly taken away by the evaporation of water outside the tube.

[0065] Among them, copper heat exchange tubes are not easy to scale, and the thermal expansion coefficient is quite different from that of scale. The thermal expansion coefficient of copper is 18.6*10 -3 mm / ℃, steel is 12*10 -3 mm / ℃, scale is 10*10 -3 mm / ℃. The thermal expansion coefficient of copper is more than 1.5 times that of scale, which is a big difference; when the unit is running, the expansion of the copper tube is greater than the expansion of the scale, and the scale breaks; when the unit is shut down, the copper tube shrinks more than the shrinkage of the scale, and the scale falls off; during the start and stop of the unit, avoid the formation of long-term solid scale on the copper tube; it can also avoid corrosion caused by chemical cleaning and mechanical damage caused by mechanical cleaning. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser design uses copper heat exchange tubes, which have good heat exchange performance and automatic descaling function: when the temperature of the heat exchange tube changes and the internal pressure changes, the copper tube itself produces bending and stretching, which will cause the scale to automatically fall off from the smooth copper tube surface. After use, the scaling layer of the steel heat exchange tube will gradually thicken with the service life, causing the heat exchange capacity to decay. However, the refrigeration capacity of the copper heat exchange tube does not decay with the increase of service life.

[0066] The chiller also has an automatic drainage function. The unit is equipped with a conductivity meter to detect the conductivity of the cooling water. The higher the conductivity, the more impurities and calcium and magnesium ions there are in the water. When the conductivity is greater than 850μS / cm, the drain valve is opened to drain the water until the conductivity is less than 800μS / cm. By detecting the conductivity and draining the water, the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in the water collection tank can be reduced, and the waste of water resources by regular drainage can be avoided. The concentration of calcium and magnesium ions can be reduced, scaling can be effectively prevented, and the unit operation can be more reliable.

[0067] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

[0068] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0069] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the utility model. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being only exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0070] In the description of the present utility model, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the referred unit or component must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0071] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0072] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only to facilitate the distinction between corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An anti-scaling evaporative condenser, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heat exchange component (110), a spray component (120), a liquid collecting tank (130) and an online dirt suction device (140), wherein the spray component (120), the heat exchange component (110) and the liquid collecting tank (130) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the heat exchange component (110) comprises a copper heat exchange tube (111), the copper heat exchange tube (111) is used for circulating refrigerant, the spray component (120) is arranged toward the copper heat exchange tube (111), the liquid collecting tank (130) collects cooling water after heat exchange, the liquid collecting tank (130) is connected to the spray component (120) via a water supply pipeline, and the online dirt suction device (140) is installed on the liquid collecting tank (130) or the water supply pipeline.

2. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-scaling evaporative condenser further comprises a conductivity meter (151) and a drain valve (152); the conductivity meter (151) is installed on the liquid collecting tank (130) or the water supply pipeline; the conductivity meter (151) is used to detect the conductivity of cooling water; when the detected conductivity is greater than a set value, the drain valve (152) opens to discharge at least a portion of the cooling water in the liquid collecting tank (130).

3. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conductivity meter (151) is installed on the side wall of the liquid collecting tank (130); the anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a drain pipe (153); the drain pipe (153) is located below the liquid collecting tank (130) and is connected to the liquid collecting tank (130); the drain valve (152) is an electric two-way valve; the drain valve (152) is installed on the drain pipe (153); wherein, when the conductivity meter (151) detects that the conductivity of the cooling water is greater than 850 μS / cm, the drain valve (152) is opened, and the drain valve (152) is closed until the conductivity of the cooling water is less than 800 μS / cm.

4. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The refrigerant circulating in the copper heat exchange tube (111) is tetrafluoroethane.

5. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange component (110) further comprises a bracket (112); the copper heat exchange tubes (111) are multiple, and the multiple copper heat exchange tubes (111) are arranged at intervals in the cavity of the bracket (112); and there are no fins in the cavity of the bracket (112).

6. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The online dirt suction device (140) is installed in the liquid collecting tank (130), and comprises a support seat (141) and an anode (142) and a cathode (143) installed on the support seat (141); the cathode (143) is a mesh structure and is arranged around the anode (142); the anode (142) and the cathode (143) are connected to an external power supply via cables.

7. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-scaling evaporative condenser also includes a filler (160) and a fan (170); the filler (160) is a porous structure; the heat exchange component (110), the filler (160) and the liquid collecting tank (130) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the heat exchange component (110) and the fan (170) are arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction; wherein, under the action of the fan (170), a first airflow blows through the heat exchange component (110) from top to bottom, and a second airflow blows through the filler (160) in the horizontal direction.

8. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fan (170) is arranged at a position higher than the heat exchange component (110), and the anti-scaling evaporative condenser further comprises a liquid baffle (180), and the liquid baffle (180) is located on a side of the filler (160) close to the fan (170) in a horizontal direction.

9. The anti-scaling evaporative condenser according to claim 7, characterized in that: A spray assembly (120), a heat exchange assembly (110) and a filler (160) form a group of heat exchange structures, the anti-scaling evaporative condenser includes two groups of heat exchange structures arranged side by side in a horizontal direction, and the fan (170) is located between the two groups of heat exchange structures.

10. A chiller, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electronic expansion valve (210), an evaporator (220), a compressor (230), an oil-gas separator (240) and an anti-scaling evaporative condenser which are sequentially connected via a circulation pipeline, wherein the anti-scaling evaporative condenser is the anti-scaling evaporative condenser according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The water chiller according to claim 10, characterized in that: The chiller also includes a temperature sensor (250) arranged on the circulation pipeline, and the temperature sensor (250) is used to detect the exhaust temperature of the compressor (230); the refrigerant circulating in the chiller and the opening setting of the electronic expansion valve (210) make the exhaust temperature of the compressor (230) less than 50°C.

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