Decompression drainage anti-floating structure system for basement of slope building

Abstract

The utility model discloses a slope building basement decompression drainage anti-floating structure system which comprises a supporting structure, the supporting structure is located on the outer side of the high slope side of a basement, a fertilizer groove and a cavity are formed between the supporting structure and the basement, the cavity is located above the fertilizer groove, and a plurality of drainage holes are formed in the supporting structure corresponding to the cavity. A drainage system is arranged in the cavity, the fertilizer groove is filled with a permeable backfill structure, a first isolation belt is arranged at the top of the backfill structure and used for collecting water in the cavity, the first isolation belt is further used for water way communication between the fertilizer groove and the cavity, and a second isolation belt is arranged at the bottom of the backfill structure and used for collecting water in the cavity. Underground water can enter the fertilizer groove through the second isolation belt; the device solves the problem of pressure difference of soil bodies on the two sides of a main body structure in the design of a slope building basement, guarantees the overall stability of the main body structure, solves the overall index calculation problem of the overground main body structure, greatly reduces the anti-floating design water level of the basement, and reduces the anti-floating design cost of the basement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of architectural engineering technical design and construction, in particular to a basement decompression drainage and anti-floating structure system for sloped building. Background Art

[0002] In civil buildings, whether residential or public, there are generally functional requirements such as parking spaces, machine rooms, and properties. If these functional rooms are placed on the ground, they will occupy most of the saleable area, reducing the profit margin of the development. At the same time, the rationality of traffic flow and user experience are also greatly reduced. Therefore, expanding space underground is a common means of contemporary architecture.

[0003] For buildings with basements, especially in the southern region with abundant water resources, how to carry out waterproof and anti-floating design of the basement has become an inevitable and important issue in the basement design work; for basement waterproofing, the usual practice is to set the concrete basement outer wall as the structural self-waterproof layer, and then set the building waterproof layer on the outside to waterproof, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure; when the anti-floating capacity of the basement is insufficient, traditional designs generally use methods such as adding counterweights and setting anti-floating piles to solve the problem, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the backfill material of the fertilizer trough around the basement is generally made of impermeable materials such as clay.

[0004] When a building with a basement is built on a slope and there is a large height difference between the two sides of the building, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the soil pressure on both sides of the building is inconsistent. This pressure difference will cause the upper main structure to be permanently subjected to horizontal thrust. On the one hand, this horizontal thrust will be superimposed on the earthquake effect when an earthquake occurs, producing an overturning effect on the building. On the other hand, in order to prevent groundwater from flowing into the room on the soil side, the conventional practice is to set up a concrete basement outer wall. The setting of this outer wall has a great influence on the calculation of the overall indicators of the main structure, which often exceeds the standard limit. At the same time, the anti-floating capacity of the basement of the building located on the slope will also be affected. The anti-floating design water level of the basement is relatively high, which leads to an increase in the anti-floating design cost of the basement. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for the basement of a sloping building, so as to solve the problems in the design of the basement of a sloping building that the horizontal forces on both sides of the main structure are unbalanced, thus affecting the overall stability of the main structure, the influence of the traditional concrete basement outer wall on the calculation index of the main structure, the high anti-floating design water level of the basement, and the excessively high design costs of the basement and the main structure.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0007] A decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for a basement in a sloped building comprises a supporting structure, wherein the supporting structure is located on the outer side of a high slope side of the basement, a fertilizer trough and a cavity are arranged between the supporting structure and the basement, and the cavity is located above the fertilizer trough, a plurality of drainage holes are arranged on the supporting structure corresponding to the cavity, the drainage holes are used to introduce water on the water-facing surface of the supporting structure into the cavity, a drainage system is arranged in the cavity, and the drainage system is used to discharge the water accumulated in the cavity, the interior of the fertilizer trough is filled with a water-permeable backfill structure, a first isolation belt is arranged on the top of the backfill structure, the first isolation belt is used to collect water in the cavity, and the first isolation belt is also used for waterway communication between the fertilizer trough and the cavity, and a second isolation belt is arranged at the bottom of the backfill structure, and groundwater can enter the fertilizer trough through the second isolation belt.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the supporting structure includes a crown beam, the bottom of the crown beam is supported by a plurality of supporting piles, a supporting retaining wall is arranged on the top of the crown beam, the supporting retaining wall corresponds to the cavity, and the drainage hole is arranged on the supporting retaining wall.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a sand and gravel filter layer is arranged on the water-facing surface of the supporting retaining wall to prevent mud from blocking the drainage channel formed by the drainage holes.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a cover plate is arranged between the top of the supporting retaining wall and the top of the basement, and polytetrafluoroethylene material is arranged between the bottom of the cover plate and the top of the supporting retaining wall and between the bottom of the cover plate and the top of the basement.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a non-slip step is arranged on the top of the supporting retaining wall, and flexible material sealing is arranged between the side surface of the cover plate and the non-slip step, and between the side surface of the cover plate and the top of the basement.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a brick formwork is arranged between two adjacent supporting piles, and the brick formwork is located between the second isolation zone and the crown beam.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first isolation zone includes a plurality of first supporting plates, a plurality of first water-permeable holes are arranged on the first supporting plates, the top openings of the first water-permeable holes are higher than the top surface of the first supporting plates, a water-collecting slope is formed on the top surface of the first supporting plates, a water-collecting well is arranged at the bottom of the water-collecting slope, and the water-collecting well occupies the space of the fertilizer trough.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second isolation zone is composed of a plurality of second supporting plates arranged at intervals, and the gap between two adjacent second supporting plates constitutes a second water-permeable hole.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the backfill structure includes a bottom permeable sand bag layer, a sand and gravel backfill layer and a top permeable sand bag layer arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and a geotextile is arranged on the periphery of the backfill structure.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high slope side of the basement includes two layers of indoor space, the lower indoor space corresponds to the fertilizer trough, and the upper indoor space corresponds to the cavity. The outer wall of the high slope side of the upper indoor space adopts a brick partition wall, and a waterproof flap is arranged at the bottom of the brick partition wall, and an inspection door is arranged on the brick partition wall.

[0017] The utility model is beneficial in that:

[0018] By setting up permanent retaining walls, the problem of soil pressure difference on both sides of the main structure in the design of basements of sloped buildings is solved, ensuring the overall stability of the main structure; by setting up cavity drainage between the permanent retaining wall and the basement, the high slope side of the basement does not need to have a concrete outer wall, solving the problem of overall calculation indicators of the above-ground main structure; finally, by improving the fertilizer trough backfill structural measures, the anti-floating design water level of the basement is greatly reduced, thereby reducing the anti-floating design cost of the basement, and then reducing the design cost of the basement and the main structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the traditional basement waterproofing design structure;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the traditional basement design with added counterweights to prevent buoyancy;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-floating design of adding anti-floating piles to a traditional basement;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the height difference of the buried depth of buildings on slopes;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the design section of the high slope side of the basement of the utility model. Figure 1 (Change the position of the support board);

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the design section of the high slope side of the basement of the utility model. Figure 2 (Position of water permeable hole);

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the design section of the high slope side of the basement of the utility model. Figure 3 (Catch well location);

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the design plan of the high slope side of the basement of this utility model. Figure 1 (Anti-floating water level H2 elevation);

[0027] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the design plan of the high slope side of the basement of this utility model. Figure 2 (at the base plate elevation).

[0028] Meaning of the reference numerals in the figures:

[0029] 1-support structure, 2-cavity, 3-drain hole, 4-backfill structure, 5-cover plate;

[0030] 6-polytetrafluoroethylene material, 7-flexible material, 8-first water permeable hole, 9-water collection well;

[0031] 10-first replacement support plate, 11-support pile, 12-crown beam, 13-support retaining wall, 14-brick formwork;

[0032] 15-sand and gravel filter layer, 16-anti-slip sill, 17-brick partition wall, 18-waterproof sill, 19-water dividing line;

[0033] 20-second support plate, 21-second water permeable hole;

[0034] 41- bottom permeable sandbag layer, 42- sand and gravel backfill layer, 43- top permeable sandbag layer, 44- geotextile. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] like Figure 5-Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment is a decompression drainage and anti-floating structure system for a basement in a sloped building, comprising a supporting structure 1, the supporting structure 1 being located on the outer side of the high slope side of the basement, a fertilizer trough and a cavity 2 being arranged between the supporting structure 1 and the basement, and the cavity 2 being located above the fertilizer trough, a plurality of drainage holes 3 being arranged on the supporting structure 1 corresponding to the cavity 2, the drainage holes 3 being used to introduce water on the water-facing surface of the supporting structure 1 into the cavity 2, a drainage system being arranged in the cavity 2, and the drainage system being used to discharge the water accumulated in the cavity 2; the interior of the fertilizer trough is filled with a water-permeable backfill structure 4, a first isolation belt being arranged on the top of the backfill structure 4, the first isolation belt being used to collect water in the cavity 2, the first isolation belt being also used to connect the waterway between the fertilizer trough and the cavity 2, a second isolation belt being arranged at the bottom of the backfill structure 4, and groundwater being able to enter the fertilizer trough through the second isolation belt.

[0037] In this embodiment, the support structure 1 includes a crown beam 12, the bottom of the crown beam 12 is supported by a plurality of support piles 11, a brick formwork 14 is arranged between two adjacent support piles 11, and the brick formwork 14 is located between the second isolation zone and the crown beam 12; a support retaining wall 13 is arranged on the top of the crown beam 12, the support retaining wall 13 corresponds to the cavity 2, and a drainage hole 3 is arranged on the support retaining wall 13; drainage holes 3 are arranged on the support retaining wall 13 at a certain interval, and a sandstone anti-waterproof material is arranged on the water-facing surface of the support retaining wall 13. The filter layer 15 can effectively lower the groundwater level on the high slope side of the basement and prevent soil from blocking the drainage channel formed by the drainage hole 3; a cover plate 5 is arranged between the top of the supporting retaining wall 13 and the top of the basement, and a polytetrafluoroethylene material 6 is arranged between the bottom of the cover plate 5 and the top of the supporting retaining wall 13, and between the bottom of the cover plate 5 and the top of the basement; an anti-slip step 16 is arranged at the top of the supporting retaining wall 13, and a flexible material 7 is arranged between the side of the cover plate 5 and the anti-slip step 16, and between the side of the cover plate 5 and the top of the basement for sealing.

[0038] In this embodiment, the first isolation zone includes a plurality of first supporting plates 10, the number of which is selected according to actual conditions, a plurality of first water permeable holes 8 are arranged on the first supporting plate 10, the top opening of the first water permeable hole 8 is higher than the top surface of the first supporting plate 10, a water collecting slope is formed on the top surface of the first supporting plate 10, a water collecting well 9 is arranged at the bottom of the water collecting slope, and the water collecting well 9 occupies the fertilizer trough space; in this embodiment, a plurality of first supporting plates 10 are arranged, the plurality of first supporting plates 10 are connected end to end in sequence, a water dividing line 19 is formed between two adjacent first supporting plates 10, one side of the first supporting plate 10 abuts against the crown beam 12, and the other side abuts against the basement wall, the top surface of the first supporting plate 10 is high at both ends and low in the middle, the water collecting well 9 is arranged in the middle position of the first supporting plate 10, the water entering the cavity 2 through the drainage hole 3 eventually flows into the water collecting well 9, and the water accumulated in the water collecting well 9 is discharged through the drainage system.

[0039] In this embodiment, the second isolation zone is composed of a plurality of second support plates 20 arranged at intervals, and the gap between two adjacent second support plates 20 constitutes a second water-permeable hole 21; the second water-permeable hole 21 can be filled with a permeable sand bag; one end of the second support plate 20 abuts against the supporting pile 11, and the other end abuts against the basement wall. Groundwater enters the fertilizer tank through the second water-permeable hole 21, then flows through the permeable backfill structure 4 in the fertilizer tank, and then enters the cavity 2 through the first water-permeable hole 8.

[0040] In this embodiment, the backfill structure 4 includes a bottom permeable sand bag layer 41, a sand and gravel backfill layer 42 and a top permeable sand bag layer 43, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and a geotextile 44 is arranged on the periphery of the backfill structure 4. The geotextile 44 is used to filter the mud in the groundwater to prevent the permeable channel of the backfill structure 4 from being blocked. The geotextile 44 is covered and fixed by the bottom permeable sand bag layer 41 and the top permeable sand bag layer 43 to facilitate on-site laying and construction.

[0041] In this embodiment, the high slope side of the basement includes two layers of indoor space, the lower indoor space corresponds to the fertilizer trough, and the upper indoor space corresponds to the cavity 2. The high slope side exterior wall of the upper indoor space adopts a brick partition wall 17, and a waterproof flap 18 is arranged at the bottom of the brick partition wall 17, and an inspection door is arranged on the brick partition wall 17.

[0042] The structural design principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0043] By setting a permanent retaining wall 13 on the outer side of the high slope side of the basement building on the slope, the soil pressure on the high slope side is lowered to the level of the fully buried basement floor, avoiding its influence on the overall anti-overturning of the upper main structure.

[0044] By setting a cavity 2 between the permanent retaining wall 13 and the main structure basement, water on the water-facing surface of the retaining wall 13 flows into the cavity 2 through the drainage hole 3, and finally flows into the water collection well 9, and the water accumulated in the water collection well 9 is discharged through the drainage system; the setting of the cavity 2 is convenient for maintenance by the staff, and the cavity 2 forms a water-proof transition layer between the water source and the basement, avoiding the problem of leakage caused by direct contact between the outer wall of the basement and the water source, causing moisture in the basement. At the same time, the setting of the cavity 2 makes it possible to use masonry for the outer wall of the basement, which will not affect the overall calculation indicators of the above-ground main structure, thereby effectively improving the seismic performance of the main structure.

[0045] By using the fertilizer trough permeable backfill structure 4 in combination with the cavity 2 drainage structure, when the groundwater pressure increases, the groundwater will infiltrate into the cavity 2 through the permeable backfill structure 4 in the fertilizer trough, and be discharged through the drainage system in the cavity 2 to release the water pressure, effectively reducing the anti-floating design water level of the basement, thereby reducing the anti-floating design cost of the basement. In extreme special circumstances, the groundwater pressure is too high, and the amount of water that infiltrates into the cavity 2 is large. When the drainage system in the cavity 2 is unable to drain the water in time, the water in the cavity 2 can cross the waterproof sill 18 at the boundary of the basement and seep into the basement through the gap of the inspection door to make an emergency transition, thereby ensuring that the basement does not fail to resist floating. Compared with the basement design and anti-floating design of ordinary slope buildings (the anti-floating design water level is higher), this embodiment adopts a combination of drainage (normal drainage), prevention (prevention of extreme situations), and flow (can flow away indoors) to effectively reduce the anti-floating design water level of the basement.

[0046] This embodiment has the following advantages:

[0047] (1) By setting up a permanent retaining wall, the problem of soil pressure difference on both sides of the main structure in the design of the basement of a sloped building is solved, the overall anti-overturning capacity of the main structure is improved, and the overall stability of the main structure is ensured; drainage holes are set on the permanent retaining wall, which can not only drain the water on the water-facing surface of the retaining wall, but also reduce the water pressure on the retaining wall, thereby reducing the reinforcement of the retaining wall and reducing the cost of the retaining wall.

[0048] (2) By setting up a cavity for drainage, the leaking water is directly discharged through the drainage system in the cavity. The cavity is large in size, which is convenient for maintenance staff on the one hand, and forms a water-proof transition layer between the water source and the basement on the other hand, avoiding the problem of leakage caused by direct contact between the basement outer wall and the water source, resulting in indoor moisture in the basement; moreover, under the action of the cavity, the concrete outer wall does not need to be set on the high slope side of the basement, thereby not affecting the overall calculation index of the main structure, which is beneficial to the design of the main structure and has better overall seismic performance.

[0049] (3) By setting up a permeable backfill structure for the fertilizer trough, the anti-floating water level of the basement is effectively lowered, the setting of counterweights and anti-floating piles is reduced, and the anti-floating design cost of the basement is reduced.

[0050] (4) The technology used is mature, the materials are easily available, the cost is relatively low, and it is easy to promote and apply.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention; in addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that: unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "setting" and "formation" should be understood in a broad sense; for example: it can be a fixed connection, setting, or a detachable connection, setting, or an integrated structure; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements; for those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for basements of sloped buildings, characterized by: It includes a supporting structure, which is located on the outside of the high slope side of the basement. A fertilizer trough and a cavity are arranged between the supporting structure and the basement, and the cavity is located above the fertilizer trough. A plurality of drainage holes are arranged on the supporting structure corresponding to the cavity, and the drainage holes are used to introduce water on the water-facing surface of the supporting structure into the cavity. A drainage system is arranged in the cavity, and the drainage system is used to discharge the water accumulated in the cavity. The interior of the fertilizer trough is filled with a water-permeable backfill structure, and a first isolation belt is arranged on the top of the backfill structure. The first isolation belt is used to collect water in the cavity. The first isolation belt is also used for waterway communication between the fertilizer trough and the cavity. A second isolation belt is arranged at the bottom of the backfill structure, and groundwater can enter the fertilizer trough through the second isolation belt.

2. The basement decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for sloped buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support structure comprises a crown beam, the bottom of the crown beam is supported by a plurality of support piles, a support retaining wall is arranged on the top of the crown beam, the support retaining wall corresponds to the cavity, and the drainage hole is arranged on the support retaining wall.

3. The basement decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for sloped buildings according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A sand and gravel filter layer is arranged on the water-facing surface of the support retaining wall.

4. A decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for basements of slope buildings according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A cover plate is arranged between the top of the supporting retaining wall and the top of the basement, and polytetrafluoroethylene material is arranged between the bottom of the cover plate and the top of the supporting retaining wall and between the bottom of the cover plate and the top of the basement.

5. The basement decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for sloped buildings according to claim 4 is characterized in that: An anti-slip step is arranged at the top of the supporting retaining wall, and flexible material is arranged to seal between the side surface of the cover plate and the anti-slip step, and between the side surface of the cover plate and the top of the basement.

6. The basement decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for sloped buildings according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A brick formwork is arranged between two adjacent supporting piles, and the brick formwork is located between the second isolation zone and the crown beam.

7. The basement decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for sloped buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first isolation zone includes a plurality of first supporting plates, on which a plurality of first water-permeable holes are arranged, and the top openings of the first water-permeable holes are higher than the top surface of the first supporting plates. A water-collecting slope is formed on the top surface of the first supporting plates, and a water-collecting well is arranged at the bottom of the water-collecting slope, and the water-collecting well occupies the space of the fertilizer trough.

8. The basement decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for sloped buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second isolation zone is composed of a plurality of second supporting plates arranged at intervals, and the gap between two adjacent second supporting plates constitutes a second water-permeable hole.

9. The basement decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for sloped buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The backfill structure comprises a bottom permeable sand bag layer, a sand and gravel backfill layer and a top permeable sand bag layer which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, and a geotextile is arranged on the periphery of the backfill structure.

10. The basement decompression and drainage anti-floating structure system for sloped buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high slope side of the basement includes two layers of indoor space, the lower indoor space corresponds to the fertilizer trough, and the upper indoor space corresponds to the cavity. The high slope side exterior wall of the upper indoor space adopts a brick partition wall, and a waterproof flap is arranged at the bottom of the brick partition wall, and an inspection door is arranged on the brick partition wall.

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