Rock ballast particle three-dimensional scanning device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock ballast particle three-dimensional scanning device which comprises a cylindrical measuring system and a rock ballast conveying system, the rock ballast conveying system penetrates through the cylindrical measuring system, the cylindrical measuring system is connected with terminal equipment through a signal transmission line, and the terminal equipment comprises a signal data processing system and a 3D model imaging and analyzing system. The signal data processing system is used for processing section data information of the rock ballast particles, the 3D model imaging and analyzing system is used for constructing a rock ballast particle model, and the rock ballast conveying system is used for conveying the rock ballast particles to pass through the cylindrical measuring system, so that three-dimensional scanning imaging and 3D modeling of the rock ballast particles are realized, and model parameter information of the rock ballast particles is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of particle scanning three-dimensional modeling, in particular to a rock ballast particle three-dimensional scanning device. Background Art

[0002] Due to the advantages of rock tunnel boring machine (TBM) such as economy, efficiency and safety, TBM construction has been widely used in long and large tunnel construction in recent years, and the construction of water supply, railway and highway tunnels at home and abroad has been greatly developed. However, how to quantitatively evaluate and accurately describe the rock breaking efficiency of TBM has brought great challenges to researchers.

[0003] Roxborough FF proposed the concept of rock ballast roughness index. By conducting screening experiments on rock ballast generated by TBM construction, the screening rate of each layer of sieves was counted, and the cumulative screening rate of the sieves smaller than the size of each layer of sieves was calculated. Then, the sum of the cumulative screening rates of each layer of sieves was the roughness index of the rock ballast. However, the roughness index has two main defects: 1. The roughness index is obtained by accumulating the cumulative screening rates under each aperture, so the content of rock ballast with larger particle sizes is repeatedly calculated, while the content of rock ballast with smaller particle sizes is calculated less frequently, or even only once. In other words, this calculation method amplifies the influence of the content of rock ballast with larger particle sizes on the calculation results, while relatively weakening the influence of the content of rock ballast with smaller particle sizes; 2. The screening experiment of rock ballast only counts the information of the middle semi-axis of the rock ballast, and does not consider the shape, medium-long axis and medium-short axis of the rock ballast. The roughness index calculated based on the screening experiment only represents the mid-axis information of the rock ballast, and does not take into account the parameter information of the rock ballast particles. Therefore, it is questionable to quantitatively evaluate the rock breaking efficiency of TBM based on the roughness index of rock ballast.

[0004] Some scholars have proposed to quantitatively describe the rock-breaking efficiency of TBM by calculating the specific energy index (the work done by the TBM to break a unit of rock mass) based on the daily statistics of TBM construction. Evaluating the rock-breaking efficiency of TBM from the perspective of energy conversion has also been a hot research direction in recent years. However, the construction parameters such as the average thrust, average torque and penetration calculated through the TBM construction site have a large fluctuation range, so the error of the calculated specific energy index is also large. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve the goal of quantitatively and accurately evaluating the rock-breaking efficiency based on the specific energy index of the TBM construction site.

[0005] The device can obtain the 3D model and parameter information of rock ballast particles (shape, middle long axis, middle semi-axis, middle short axis, surface area and volume, etc.) by scanning and imaging the rock ballast particles with a size range of 5mm to 200mm generated during the tunnel TBM construction process and building a 3D model. Based on this mechanism, the rock ballast particles at the TBM construction site can be sampled, and then all the information of the rock ballast sample can be obtained through the device, and the surface area and specific surface area information of the rock ballast sample can be further calculated. The rock breaking efficiency of TBM is analyzed by specific surface area. From the perspective of energy conversion: rock excavation is the process of converting the mechanical energy of TBM into the additional surface energy of rock ballast particles. Therefore, the additional surface area and specific surface area of ​​rock ballast particles are closely related to the rock breaking efficiency of TBM, and can be used as an effective parameter for quantitatively and accurately evaluating the rock breaking efficiency of TBM and applied to the TBM construction site, thereby adjusting and optimizing the TBM construction parameters. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a three-dimensional scanning device for rock ballast particles, including: a cylindrical measuring system and a rock ballast conveying system, the rock ballast conveying system runs through the cylindrical measuring system, the cylindrical measuring system is connected to a terminal device via a signal transmission line, the terminal device includes a signal data processing system and a 3D model imaging and analysis system, the signal data processing system is used to process the cross-sectional data information of the rock ballast particles, and the 3D model imaging and analysis system is used to construct a rock ballast particle model.

[0007] Furthermore, the cylindrical measurement system includes a cylindrical channel and a small laser rangefinder arranged in the cylindrical channel. A plurality of the small laser rangefinders are arranged in a circular array on the inner wall of the cylindrical channel. The small laser rangefinders are connected in series through a signal transmission line, and the other end of the signal transmission line is connected to a terminal device.

[0008] Furthermore, the rock slag conveying system includes a horizontal conveyor belt, which is connected to a motor and is made of a light-transmitting material. A support frame is arranged below the horizontal conveyor belt, and the support frame is fixedly connected to the cylindrical channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the rock slag conveying system includes a double inner groove pulley and a steel rope, two of the double inner groove pulleys are arranged on the axis of the cylindrical channel and are located outside the cylindrical channel, two of the double inner groove pulleys are arranged on the same side of the outside of the cylindrical channel and are located in the same vertical direction, four of the double inner groove pulleys are on the same plane and distributed in a rectangular shape, the steel rope passes around the four double inner groove pulleys in turn and is connected end to end, there are two steel ropes, a pocket is provided on the steel rope located inside the cylindrical channel, the pocket is fixedly connected to the two steel ropes, a spring rod is provided at the lower part of the cylindrical channel, the end of the spring rod is rotatably connected to a tensioning wheel, the tensioning wheel is tangent to the steel rope, and the tensioning wheel is used to keep the steel rope in a tensioned state.

[0010] Furthermore, the speed of the rock ballast conveying system is 0-1 mm / s.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0012] The utility model discloses a three-dimensional scanning device for rock ballast particles, which realizes three-dimensional scanning of rock ballast particles through a cylindrical measuring system and a rock ballast conveying system. The terminal device includes a signal data processing system and a 3D model imaging and analysis system. The signal data processing system is used to process the cross-sectional data information of the rock ballast particles, and the 3D model imaging and analysis system is used to construct a rock ballast particle model, and then 3D modeling is performed to obtain its model parameter information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 It is the cross-section data information of rock ballast particles.

[0016] Figure 4 is based on Figure 3 Three-dimensional model of rock ballast particles.

[0017] Figure numerals: 1. Cylindrical measuring system, 2. Rock chip particles, 3. Signal transmission line, 4. Terminal equipment, 5. Small laser rangefinder, 6. Cylindrical channel, 7. Horizontal conveyor belt, 8. Support frame, 9. Double inner groove pulley, 10. Steel rope, 11. Spring rod, 12. Tensioning wheel, 13. Motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0019] The utility model proposes a three-dimensional scanning device for rock ballast particles 2, comprising: a cylindrical measuring system 1 and a rock ballast conveying system, wherein the rock ballast conveying system runs through the cylindrical measuring system 1, and the cylindrical measuring system 1 is connected to a terminal device 4 via a signal transmission line 3, and the terminal device 4 comprises a signal data processing system and a 3D model imaging and analysis system, wherein the signal data processing system is used for processing cross-sectional data information of the rock ballast particles 2, the 3D model imaging and analysis system is used for constructing a model of the rock ballast particles 2, and the rock ballast conveying system is used for conveying the rock ballast particles 2 through the cylindrical measuring system 1.

[0020] The cylindrical measuring system 1 includes a cylindrical channel 6 and a small laser rangefinder 5 arranged in the cylindrical channel 6. A plurality of the small laser rangefinders 5 are arranged in a circumferential array on the inner wall of the cylindrical channel 6. The small laser rangefinders 5 are connected in series through a signal transmission line 3, and the other end of the signal transmission line 3 is connected to a terminal device 4. The small laser rangefinder 5 is based on the principle of laser ranging and measures the laser range of a certain section of the rock ballast particle 2 once per second to determine its relative position in the cylindrical measuring system 1, that is, to measure the distance from all the small laser rangefinders 5 of the cylindrical measuring system 1 to the rock ballast particle 2, and then obtain the radial data of the current section of the rock ballast particle 2 relative to the circular ring of the cylindrical measuring system 1, and further obtain the data information of the section of the rock ballast particle 2. Before the rock ballast particles 2 begin to be or have finished being scanned and measured by the small laser rangefinders 5 evenly arranged in a ring, since the distance measured by the small laser rangefinders 5 is greater than the radius of the circular ring of the cylindrical measuring system 1, the cylindrical measuring system 1 is set to output "model not scanned" in this case, that is, no graphics are displayed in the signal data processing system and the 3D model imaging and analysis system.

[0021] See also Figure 1 In one embodiment, the rock slag conveying system includes a horizontal conveyor belt 7, which is connected to a motor 13. This is a prior art and will not be described in detail here. The motor 13 is located on one side of the end of the horizontal conveyor belt 7 and does not affect the scanning of the rock slag particles 2 by the cylindrical measuring system 1. The motor 13 drives the horizontal conveyor belt 7 to work at a uniform speed. The horizontal conveyor belt 7 is made of a light-transmitting material. A support frame 8 is arranged under the horizontal conveyor belt 7, and the support frame 8 is fixedly connected to the cylindrical channel 6.

[0022] See also Figure 2 In another embodiment, the rock ballast conveying system includes a double inner groove pulley 9 and a steel rope 10, two of the double inner groove pulleys 9 are arranged on the axis of the cylindrical channel 6 and outside the cylindrical channel 6, two of the double inner groove pulleys 9 are arranged on the same side outside the cylindrical channel 6 and in the same vertical direction, four of the double inner groove pulleys 9 are on the same plane and distributed in a rectangular shape, the steel rope 10 sequentially passes through the four double inner groove pulleys 9 and is connected end to end, and the steel rope 10 also passes around the driving wheel for one circle, and the driving wheel is connected to the electric The motor 13 is connected to the output shaft, and the motor 13 rotates to drive the steel rope 10 to move; there are two steel ropes 10, and pockets are set on the steel ropes 10 inside the cylindrical channel 6, and the pockets are fixedly connected to the two steel ropes 10 to prevent the rock slag particles 2 placed in the pockets from spinning during the falling process, affecting the scanning results; a spring rod 11 is set at the lower part of the cylindrical channel 6, and the end of the spring rod 11 is rotatably connected to the tensioning wheel 12, which is tangent to the steel rope 10 and is used to keep the steel rope 10 in a tensioned state. Under the action of the spring rod 11, the tensioning wheel 12 is always close to the steel rope 10.

[0023] Specifically, the double inner groove pulley 9 is a pulley with a double inner groove track. The double inner groove pulley 9 is set on a fixed frame and is rotatably connected to the fixed frame. The fixed frame is used to fix and support the double inner groove pulley 9. The fixed frame can be set on the ground or fixedly connected to the cylindrical measuring system 1. The fixed frame is not drawn and is a prior art, so it will not be described here.

[0024] The speed of the rock slag conveying system is 0-1 mm / s, and the conveying speed is set according to the test accuracy requirement, that is, the cylindrical measuring system 1 can obtain more cross-sectional data information of the rock slag particles 2 through laser ranging during the conveying process of the rock slag particles 2. The motor 13 of the rock slag conveying system is a small device with adjustable speed.

[0025] The cross-sectional data information of the rock ballast particles 2 obtained by the cylindrical measurement system 1 is transmitted to the signal data processing system and the 3D model imaging and analysis system through the signal output line. From the beginning of the rock ballast particles 2 being scanned to the end, the signal data processing system and the 3D model imaging and analysis system will receive a plurality of cross-sectional data information of the rock ballast particles 2, and process, analyze and combine the cross-sectional data information of the rock ballast particles 2 into a rock ballast particle 2 model. The principle is shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0026] Working principle: The cylindrical measuring system 1 scans the rock slag particles 2, and the small laser rangefinder 5 performs laser ranging on a certain section of the rock slag particles 2 once per second based on the laser ranging principle to determine its relative position in the cylindrical measuring system 1, that is, to measure the distance from all the small laser rangefinders 5 of the cylindrical measuring system 1 to the surface of the rock slag particles 2, and then obtain the radial data of the current section of the rock slag particles 2 relative to the ring of the cylindrical measuring system 1, and further obtain the data information of the section of the rock slag particles 2. Before the rock slag particles 2 have not started or have finished being scanned and measured by the small laser rangefinders 5 evenly arranged in a ring, since the distance measured by the small laser rangefinders 5 is greater than the radius of the ring of the cylindrical measuring system 1, the cylindrical measuring system 1 is set to output "no model scanned" in this case, that is, no graphics are displayed in the signal data processing system and the 3D model imaging and analysis system.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional scanning device for rock ballast particles, characterized in that: include: A cylindrical measuring system and a rock slag conveying system, wherein the rock slag conveying system runs through the cylindrical measuring system, and the cylindrical measuring system is connected to a terminal device via a signal transmission line. The terminal device includes a signal data processing system and a 3D model imaging and analysis system. The signal data processing system is used to process the cross-sectional data information of rock slag particles, and the 3D model imaging and analysis system is used to construct a rock slag particle model.

2. The rock ballast particle three-dimensional scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical measurement system includes a cylindrical channel and a small laser rangefinder arranged in the cylindrical channel. A plurality of the small laser rangefinders are arranged in a circular array on the inner wall of the cylindrical channel. The small laser rangefinders are connected in series through a signal transmission line, and the other end of the signal transmission line is connected to a terminal device.

3. The rock ballast particle three-dimensional scanning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rock slag conveying system comprises a horizontal conveyor belt, which is connected to a motor and is made of a light-transmitting material. A support frame is arranged below the horizontal conveyor belt, and the support frame is fixedly connected to the cylindrical channel.

4. The rock ballast particle three-dimensional scanning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rock slag conveying system includes a double inner groove pulley and a steel rope, two of the double inner groove pulleys are arranged on the axis of the cylindrical channel and are located outside the cylindrical channel, two of the double inner groove pulleys are arranged on the same side of the outside of the cylindrical channel and are located in the same vertical direction, four of the double inner groove pulleys are on the same plane and distributed in a rectangular shape, the steel rope passes around the four double inner groove pulleys in turn and is connected end to end, there are two steel ropes, pockets are arranged on the steel ropes located inside the cylindrical channel, the pockets are fixedly connected to the two steel ropes, a spring rod is arranged at the lower part of the cylindrical channel, the end of the spring rod is rotatably connected to a tensioning wheel, the tensioning wheel is tangent to the steel rope, and the tensioning wheel is used to keep the steel rope in a tensioned state.

5. The rock ballast particle three-dimensional scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed of the rock ballast conveying system is 0-1 mm / s.

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