Subsurface flow platform system for purifying landscape water body

Abstract

The utility model discloses an undercurrent platform system for purifying a landscape water body, and relates to the technical field of water pollution prevention and control. The device comprises a pretreatment tank, a plurality of subsurface flow purification units and a plurality of surface flow purification units, and is characterized in that the surface flow purification units are positioned at the downstream of the subsurface flow purification units, and shoal wetland units are arranged at the downstream of the surface flow purification units; the subsurface flow purification unit and the surface flow purification unit operate in parallel, and the plurality of purification units are arranged in a platform type according to the bank slope height difference. According to the utility model, the subsurface flow platforms, the surface flow wetland and the shoal wetland are established, the physical, chemical and biological actions in the subsurface flow process are utilized, pollutants in the water body are effectively removed, the subsurface flow purification unit and the surface flow purification unit are formed by a series of platforms arranged in parallel, so that the water body forms subsurface flow and surface flow between the platforms, and the water body is purified. Through absorption of plants, degradation of microorganisms and adsorption of bottom mud (water purification materials), pollutants are removed or converted into harmless substances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water pollution prevention and control, in particular to a subsurface flow terrace system for purifying landscape water bodies. Background Art

[0002] Purification of landscape water bodies is one of the important tasks for protecting the environment and improving water quality. Traditional methods for landscape water purification include physical, chemical and biological treatment, but there are some limitations to using a single traditional method. Physical treatment methods usually include filtration and sedimentation, but they are not effective for some tiny suspended particles and dissolved substances. Chemical treatment methods may use chemical agents to remove pollutants, but these agents may have a negative impact on the environment, and the agents need to be frequently added and replaced during the treatment process. Biological treatment methods use organisms (such as plants and microorganisms) to degrade and absorb pollutants, but they may have limited effects on some specific pollutants. For this reason, we propose a subsurface terrace system for landscape water purification. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a subsurface platform system for purifying landscape water bodies, which can combine the advantages of physical, chemical and biological treatments and effectively remove pollutants in water bodies.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a submerged flow terrace system for landscape water purification, comprising a pretreatment pool, a plurality of submerged flow purification units and a plurality of surface flow purification units, wherein the surface flow purification unit is located downstream of the submerged flow purification unit, and a shoal wetland unit is arranged downstream of the surface flow purification unit;

[0005] The submerged flow purification unit and the surface flow purification unit are operated in parallel, and the multiple purification units are arranged in a terraced manner according to the height difference of the bank slope;

[0006] A water inlet is provided on the side wall of the pretreatment tank, the water inlet is connected to a pump body through a pipeline, and a water quality monitoring unit is installed on the pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, the pretreatment tank, submerged flow purification unit and surface flow purification unit are all built with reinforced concrete.

[0008] Furthermore, the undercurrent purification unit includes an undercurrent terrace 1 and an undercurrent terrace 2, both of which are filled with coal gangue ceramsite layers, and the undercurrent terrace 2 is lower than the undercurrent terrace 1, with a height difference of 80-110 cm.

[0009] Furthermore, the coal gangue ceramsite particles filled in the first submerged flow platform have a particle size of 10-20 mm, and a first submerged flow port is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the first submerged flow platform.

[0010] Furthermore, the second subsurface flow terrace is provided with two, the two second subsurface flow terraces are interconnected, and the coal gangue ceramsite particle size filled in the second subsurface flow terrace is 3-9mm, and a second subsurface flow port is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the second subsurface flow terrace.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface flow purification unit includes a surface flow wetland 1, a surface flow wetland 2 and a surface flow wetland 3, and the overall heights of the surface flow wetland 1, the surface flow wetland 2 and the surface flow wetland 3 decrease successively, and the height difference is 100-130cm.

[0012] Furthermore, a coal gangue expanded clay layer is laid at the bottom of the surface flow wetland, a sand layer is laid above the coal gangue expanded clay layer, a plant layer is planted above the sand layer, and an animal purification layer is also arranged between the plant layer and the sand layer.

[0013] Furthermore, a gangue expanded clay layer is laid at the bottom of the second surface flow wetland, a loam layer is laid above the gangue expanded clay layer, a plant layer is planted above the loam layer, and an animal purification layer is also arranged between the plant layer and the loam layer.

[0014] Furthermore, a gangue expanded clay layer is laid at the bottom of the surface flow wetland, a clay layer is laid above the gangue expanded clay layer, and a plant layer is planted above the clay layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the coal gangue ceramsite layer is 70-100 cm.

[0016] The utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) Efficient purification: During the subsurface and surface flow processes, the water comes into contact with a variety of organisms and media such as plant roots, microorganisms and bottom mud, which enhances the removal effect of pollutants.

[0018] (2) Environmentally friendly: The subsurface flow platform system adopts the natural ecological principle, does not require the addition of chemical agents, and is pollution-free to the environment. In addition, through the installed water quality monitoring unit, it can also monitor the water quality before and after purification, obtain water quality information in real time, and upload it to the terminal through wireless communication technology.

[0019] (3) Economic feasibility: The subsurface terrace system adopts pump suction to realize water circulation. The pump is powered by electricity converted from solar energy or wind energy, which is convenient for saving energy and reducing construction and operation costs. It can be used in landscape water bodies of different sizes.

[0020] (4) Good landscape effect: Aquatic plants planted in the subsurface terrace system can increase the landscape effect and enhance the ornamental value of the water body.

[0021] (5) The subsurface flow terrace system of the utility model can be widely used in the purification of various landscape water bodies such as parks, communities, schools, and commercial areas, and is of great significance for improving water quality and protecting the environment.

[0022] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a structure of a surface flow wetland of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second structure of the surface flow wetland of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the three structures of the surface flow wetland of the utility model.

[0027] Reference numerals:

[0028] 1. Pretreatment tank; 2. Undercurrent purification unit; 3. Surface flow purification unit; 4. Shallow wetland unit; 5. Water inlet; 6. Pump body; 7. Water quality monitoring unit; 8. Undercurrent terrace one; 9. Undercurrent terrace two; 10. Surface flow wetland one; 11. Surface flow wetland two; 12. Surface flow wetland three; 13. Coal gangue ceramsite layer; 14. Sand layer; 15. Loam layer; 16. Clay layer; 17. Plant layer; 18. Animal purification layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0030] See also Figure 1-4 The utility model provides a technical solution: a submerged flow terrace system for landscape water purification, comprising a pretreatment pool 1, a plurality of submerged flow purification units 2 and a plurality of surface flow purification units 3, the surface flow purification unit 3 is located downstream of the submerged flow purification unit 2, and a shallow wetland unit 4 is arranged downstream of the surface flow purification unit 3;

[0031] The subsurface purification unit 2 and the surface purification unit 3 are operated in parallel, and the multiple purification units are arranged in a terraced manner according to the height difference of the bank slope;

[0032] A water inlet 5 is provided on the side wall of the pretreatment tank 1 , the water inlet 5 is connected to a pump body 6 via a pipeline, and a water quality monitoring unit 7 is installed on the pipeline.

[0033] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the pretreatment tank 1, the submerged flow purification unit 2 and the surface flow purification unit 3 are all built with reinforced concrete. The pump body 6 installed on the pretreatment tank 1 is mainly used to pump the polluted water in the water body into the pretreatment tank 1, so as to facilitate circulation purification.

[0034] It should be noted that the outside of the pump body 6 is connected to a solar photovoltaic panel or a small wind power generator through a wire, so as to convert solar energy or wind energy into electrical energy to power the pump body 6, save energy, and reduce construction and operation costs.

[0035] Furthermore, water quality monitoring units 7 are installed at the water inlet 5 of the pretreatment tank 1 and the drainage outlet of the wetland unit. The water quality monitoring unit 7 is preferably set to a ZXcm-500cr multi-parameter water quality online analyzer, which is convenient for real-time monitoring of water quality before and after purification and timely acquisition of water quality information. It should be noted that the water quality monitoring unit 7 uploads the monitoring data to the terminal in real time through 5G wireless communication technology, which is convenient for staff to check water quality information in time.

[0036] Furthermore, a filter screen 19 is provided between the pretreatment tank 1 and the submerged flow purification unit 2 to filter out pollutants and impurities.

[0037] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the undercurrent purification unit 2 includes an undercurrent terrace 1 8 and an undercurrent terrace 2 9. Both the undercurrent terrace 1 8 and the undercurrent terrace 2 9 are filled with a coal gangue expanded clay layer 13, and the undercurrent terrace 2 9 is lower than the undercurrent terrace 1 8 with a height difference of 0.5-1m. There are two undercurrent terraces 2 9, and the two undercurrent terraces 2 9 are interconnected.

[0038] Furthermore, a first underflow port 20 and a second underflow port 21 are respectively provided at the bottom of the side walls of the underflow terrace 1 8 and the underflow terrace 2 9. Both the first underflow port 20 and the second underflow port 21 are provided with a mesh steel grille with a grille height of 50-70 cm. The water flowing out of the pretreatment pool 1 enters the underflow terrace 1 8, flows out from the grille after being filtered by the gangue ceramsite, and enters the underflow terrace 2 9. Similarly, the outflowing water continues to flow downward to facilitate subsequent purification operations. It should be further explained that a steel mesh is provided inside the grille to fix the gangue ceramsite in the underflow terrace.

[0039] Furthermore, the size of the coal gangue ceramsite particles filled in the underflow platform 8 is 10-20 mm, of which 15-20 mm accounts for more than 70%, and 10-15 mm does not exceed 30%;

[0040] The particle size of the coal gangue ceramsite filled in the subsurface platform 29 is 3-9 mm, of which 5-9 mm accounts for more than 70%, and 3-5 mm accounts for 20-30%.

[0041] Furthermore, the laying thickness of the gangue expanded clay layer 13 in the undercurrent terrace 1 8 and the undercurrent terrace 2 9 is 70-100 cm. Specifically, the expanded clay used in the gangue expanded clay layer 13 is made from discarded gangue that is crushed, screened, cleaned, and free of impurities, and is evenly mixed with bentonite, straw powder, cement and water in a certain ratio, and then balled and sintered to obtain expanded clay. The expanded clay is then immersed in an alkali solution of a certain concentration until saturated, taken out and dried at 105°C for 12 hours, and then calcined to obtain modified high-performance gangue expanded clay.

[0042] It should be further explained that the gangue ceramsite layer 13 can also be used as a carrier of microorganisms, including photosynthetic bacteria, nitrite bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, thiobacillus, red bacteria, actinomycetes, etc. Beneficial microorganisms can remove waste that has remained at the bottom of the water for a long time, degrade it, and finally decompose it into carbon dioxide, nitrates, sulfates, etc., effectively reducing the COD and BOD in the water, and reducing the concentration of NO2--N, sulfide, and ammonia in the water, thereby effectively improving the water quality.

[0043] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the surface flow purification unit 3 includes a surface flow wetland 10, a surface flow wetland 2 11 and a surface flow wetland 3 12. The overall heights of the surface flow wetland 10, the surface flow wetland 2 11 and the surface flow wetland 3 12 decrease successively, and the height difference is 0.5-1m, and each surface flow wetland operates in parallel.

[0044] Further, a gangue ceramsite layer 13 is laid at the bottom of the surface flow wetland 10, a sand layer 14 is laid above the gangue ceramsite layer 13, a plant layer 17 is planted above the sand layer 14, and an animal purification layer 18 is also arranged between the plant layer 17 and the sand layer 14. It should be noted that the laying thickness of the gangue ceramsite layer 13 is set to 70-100 cm, and the plant layer 17 is mainly set to aquatic plants that like sandy soil, specifically money grass, pickerel grass, calamus, sea lettuce, etc. The planting thickness and planting density are set according to the growth habits of the corresponding plant species. The aquatic plants set can not only purify the water body, but also play an ornamental role and improve the landscape effect;

[0045] The animal purification layer 18 mainly includes earthworms, chironomid larvae, snails, clams, river clams, shrimps, crabs and leeches. The animal purification layer 18 can reduce the concentration of suspended matter and nutrients in the water under certain conditions, which not only has a certain positive role in promoting the improvement of the productivity of aquatic plant communities, but also can increase system stability, promote material circulation, and achieve the purpose of purifying water quality.

[0046] Furthermore, a gangue expanded clay layer 13 is laid at the bottom of the surface flow wetland 2 11, a loam layer 15 is laid above the gangue expanded clay layer 13, a plant layer 17 is planted above the loam layer 15, and an animal purification layer 18 is also arranged between the plant layer 17 and the loam layer 15. It should be noted that the laying thickness of the gangue expanded clay layer 13 is set to 70-100 cm, and the plant layer 17 is mainly set to aquatic plants that like fertile loam, specifically reeds, cattails, calamus, yellow iris, water lily, aquatic canna, etc. The planting thickness and planting density are set according to the growth habits of the corresponding plant species. The set aquatic plants can not only purify the water body, but also play an ornamental role and improve the landscape effect. The animal purification layer 18 in the surface flow wetland 2 11 also mainly includes water earthworms, chironomid larvae, snails, clams, river clams, shrimps, crabs and leeches.

[0047] Furthermore, a gangue expanded clay layer 13 is laid at the bottom of the surface flow wetland 3 12, a clay layer 16 is laid above the gangue expanded clay layer 13, and a plant layer 17 is planted above the clay layer 16. The laying thickness of the gangue expanded clay layer 13 is set to 70-100 cm, and the plant layer 17 is mainly set to aquatic plants that like fertile clay, specifically variegated reed, cattail, water lily, golden anemone, arrowhead, etc. The planting thickness and planting density are set according to the growth habits of the corresponding plant species. The set aquatic plants can not only purify the water body, but also play an ornamental role and improve the landscape effect.

[0048] In summary, the utility model establishes subsurface flow terraces, surface flow wetlands and shallow wetlands in the water body, and utilizes the physical, chemical and biological effects in the subsurface flow process to effectively remove pollutants in the water body. The subsurface flow purification unit 2 and the surface flow purification unit 3 are composed of a series of parallel terraces, on which suitable aquatic plants are planted, and through reasonably designed water flow paths and gradients, the water body forms subsurface flow and surface flow between the terraces. During the flow of the water body, the water body contacts and interacts with plant roots, microorganisms and bottom mud. Through the absorption of plants, degradation of microorganisms and adsorption of bottom mud, pollutants are removed or converted into harmless substances, thereby facilitating the effective removal of pollutants in the water body without causing environmental pollution. It has the advantages of high-efficiency purification, environmental friendliness, economic feasibility and good landscape effect.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0050] For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When an element is referred to as being "assembled on", "installed on", "fixed on" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be a centered element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be a centered element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0052] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

Claims

1. A submerged flow terrace system for landscape water purification, comprising a pretreatment tank (1), a plurality of submerged flow purification units (2) and a plurality of surface flow purification units (3), characterized in that: The surface flow purification unit (3) is located downstream of the subsurface flow purification unit (2), and a shallow wetland unit (4) is provided downstream of the surface flow purification unit (3); The submerged flow purification unit (2) and the surface flow purification unit (3) are operated in parallel, and the plurality of purification units are arranged in a terraced manner according to the height difference of the bank slope; A water inlet (5) is provided on the side wall of the pretreatment tank (1); the water inlet (5) is connected to a pump body (6) via a pipeline, and a water quality monitoring unit (7) is installed on the pipeline.

2. The subsurface flow terrace system for landscape water purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment tank (1), the submerged flow purification unit (2) and the surface flow purification unit (3) are all built with reinforced concrete.

3. The subsurface flow terrace system for landscape water purification according to claim 2, characterized in that: The subsurface flow purification unit (2) comprises a subsurface flow terrace 1 (8) and a subsurface flow terrace 2 (9), both of which are filled with a coal gangue ceramsite layer (13), and the subsurface flow terrace 2 (9) is lower than the subsurface flow terrace 1 (8), with a height difference of 80-110 cm.

4. The subsurface flow terrace system for landscape water purification according to claim 3 is characterized by: The coal gangue ceramsite particles filled in the first submerged flow platform (8) have a particle size of 10-20 mm, and a first submerged flow port (20) is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the first submerged flow platform (8).

5. The subsurface flow terrace system for landscape water purification according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second subsurface flow platform (9) is provided with two, the two second subsurface flow platforms (9) are interconnected, and the coal gangue ceramsite particles filled in the second subsurface flow platform (9) have a particle size of 3-9 mm, and a second subsurface flow port (21) is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the second subsurface flow platform (9).

6. The subsurface flow terrace system for landscape water purification according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface flow purification unit (3) comprises a surface flow wetland 1 (10), a surface flow wetland 2 (11) and a surface flow wetland 3 (12), wherein the overall heights of the surface flow wetland 1 (10), the surface flow wetland 2 (11) and the surface flow wetland 3 (12) decrease in sequence, and the height difference is 100-130 cm.

7. The subsurface flow terrace system for landscape water purification according to claim 6, characterized in that: A gangue ceramsite layer (13) is laid at the bottom of the surface flow wetland (10), a sand layer (14) is laid above the gangue ceramsite layer (13), a plant layer (17) is planted above the sand layer (14), and an animal purification layer (18) is also arranged between the plant layer (17) and the sand layer (14).

8. The subsurface flow terrace system for landscape water purification according to claim 7, characterized in that: A gangue ceramsite layer (13) is laid at the bottom of the second surface flow wetland (11), a loam layer (15) is laid above the gangue ceramsite layer (13), a plant layer (17) is planted above the loam layer (15), and an animal purification layer (18) is also arranged between the plant layer (17) and the loam layer (15).

9. The subsurface flow terrace system for landscape water purification according to claim 8, characterized in that: A coal gangue ceramsite layer (13) is laid at the bottom of the surface flow wetland three (12), a clay layer (16) is laid above the coal gangue ceramsite layer (13), and a plant layer (17) is planted above the clay layer (16).

10. The subsurface flow terrace system for landscape water purification according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the coal gangue ceramsite layer (13) is 70-100 cm.

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