Sleeve type spiral cutter biopsy device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a sleeve type spiral knife biopsy device which comprises a handle, a transmission mechanism, a sleeve and a sleeve core. Wherein the transmission mechanism is used for being connected with the sleeve and driving the sleeve to rotate through a motor. According to the novel breast tumor tissue biopsy device, an innovative breast tumor tissue biopsy mode is adopted, an Archimedes screw is reversely rotated into an inner spiral structure to be manufactured into a sleeve inner spiral cutter, real-time controllable rotary cutting is conducted on a target focus, and the stability and safety of biopsy operation are improved; and a shooting type (core needle aspiration biopsy) and a negative pressure suction type biopsy mode (vacuum-assisted biopsy) which are conventionally used at present are replaced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a sleeve type spiral knife biopsy device. Background Art

[0002] Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Its incidence has been increasing in recent years. There are about 400,000 new cases of breast cancer in my country each year. With the advancement and popularization of imaging technology, more and more breast lesions are detected. According to the suspicion of malignancy of these lesions, they are divided into 0 to 5 categories according to the BI-RADS classification system. Among them, most of the lesions diagnosed as BI-RADS categories 4 and 5 by imaging require puncture cytology or histology biopsy and then pathological diagnosis to distinguish whether they are breast cancer. For lesions that are clearly breast cancer, puncture histology sampling is often required for pathological molecular typing to guide clinical treatment. Therefore, puncture sampling for biopsy pathological diagnosis has become a routine diagnostic method for breast cancer lesions and suspected breast cancer lesions.

[0003] At present, the commonly used methods for puncture biopsy of breast lesions mainly include positioning methods, including fine needle cell aspiration biopsy, core needle puncture biopsy, and vacuum-assisted biopsy. However, these biopsy methods have their own obvious disadvantages. Fine needle aspiration biopsy can only obtain cells but not tissue structure; although core needle puncture biopsy can obtain tissue structure, it is a gun-shot removal of a small amount of tissue. The direction and depth cannot be controlled in real time during the biopsy, and the angle is not well controlled, and there is a risk of puncturing the chest cavity; vacuum-assisted biopsy requires negative pressure to be generated in the puncture gun, and the tissue is sucked into the groove at the end of the biopsy gun for cutting. However, due to the limited size of the groove, the amount of tissue sucked in cannot be adjusted, and if a hard tissue such as a cancerous lesion is encountered, the tumor tissue may not be sucked into the groove for cutting smoothly. The currently commonly used biopsy methods in clinical practice are poor in real-time controllability and are prone to more bleeding and subcutaneous congestion after the operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art, such as poor real-time controllability, easy secondary damage, easy bleeding and subcutaneous congestion, the utility model designs a sleeve-type spiral knife biopsy device using the Archimedean screw for biopsy of breast lesions or tumor tissues.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] A sleeve-type spiral knife biopsy device comprises a handle, a transmission mechanism and a sleeve; wherein the transmission mechanism is arranged in the outer cavity of the handle, and is used to connect the sleeve and drive the sleeve to rotate forward or backward; the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a spiral knife, and the front end of the sleeve is blade-shaped.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a motor, a gear, and a screw, wherein the output end of the motor is connected to the gear; the outer surface of the rear end of the screw is provided with teeth, and the teeth and the surface of the gear are meshed and connected; the outer surface of the front end of the screw is provided with an external thread, and the inner surface of the outer cavity is provided with a first internal thread adapted to the external thread.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism also includes a trigger and a back button connected to the motor. When the trigger is pressed, the motor drives the gear to rotate forward, thereby driving the screw to rotate forward; when the back button is pressed, the motor drives the gear to rotate reversely, thereby driving the screw to rotate backward.

[0009] Furthermore, the sleeve is detachably connected to the front end of the screw.

[0010] Furthermore, a limit block is provided on the inner surface of the outer cavity to control the movement range of the screw.

[0011] Furthermore, a displacement sensor and a protection circuit are provided inside the outer cavity. When the screw reaches the limit block, the protection circuit starts to disconnect the power supply of the motor.

[0012] Furthermore, a display screen is provided on the outer surface of the handle for displaying the moving distance of the sleeve transmitted by the displacement sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the handle is provided with an inner cavity penetrating the screw rod, the inner cavity is rollingly connected to the screw rod and fixedly connected to the outer cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the surface of the sleeve core is provided with grooves adapted to the spiral cutter.

[0015] Furthermore, a retaining spring is provided at the tail end of the handle to limit the rotation of the sleeve core; a number of scales can also be provided on the outer surface of the sleeve core so that the user knows the distance the sleeve core extends into the sleeve. The rear end of the sleeve core is a knob that can be turned by hand to rotate the sleeve core forward or backward.

[0016] The utility model is beneficial in that:

[0017] (1) The Archimedean spiral is reversed into an inner spiral structure to make a sleeve inner spiral knife, which can perform real-time controllable excision of the target lesion, improve the stability and safety of the biopsy operation, and replace the currently commonly used gun-type (core needle puncture biopsy) and negative pressure suction biopsy methods (vacuum-assisted biopsy).

[0018] (2) The sleeve structure can be used for precise positioning. The target lesion is inserted into the sleeve, and the spiral cutter can be used to easily remove lesions of various hardness, thereby improving the success rate of biopsy compared to traditional biopsy methods.

[0019] (3) The amount of tissue biopsy can be adjusted in real time by using the steady advancement of the rotary cutter during the operation. Moreover, since the gun-like puncture method is avoided, various biopsy approach angles can be selected, avoiding the risk of collateral damage to surrounding organs. At the same time, since negative pressure suction is not required, not only the biopsy system is more simplified, but also the wound bleeding caused by negative pressure suction is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a sleeve core according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a sleeve according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the front and side three-dimensional structure of a sleeve of an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] The present invention provides a sleeve-type spiral knife biopsy device, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes a handle 1, a transmission mechanism and a sleeve 7; wherein the transmission mechanism is arranged inside the outer cavity 2 of the handle, and is used to connect the sleeve 7 and drive the sleeve 7 to rotate forward or backward;

[0027] The inner wall of the sleeve 7 is provided with a spiral cutter 8, and the front end of the sleeve is blade-shaped. In this way, when the sleeve moves forward, the blade at the front end can cut into the tissue. Preferably, the spiral cutter is an Archimedean spiral reversed into an inner spiral structure to form a spiral cutter inside the sleeve.

[0028] The handle 1 can be set to a gun style for easy operation.

[0029] The transmission mechanism includes a motor 21, a gear 22 and a screw 4. The output end of the motor 21 is connected to the gear 22. The outer surface of the rear end of the screw 4 is provided with teeth 41. The teeth 41 and the surface of the gear 22 are meshed and connected. When the motor drives the gear 22 to rotate, the gear 22 drives the teeth 41 through meshing, thereby driving the screw 4 to rotate. The outer surface of the front end of the screw 4 is provided with an external thread 42, and the inner surface of the outer cavity is provided with a first internal thread adapted to the external thread 42, so that when the screw rotates, such as clockwise or counterclockwise, the screw will rotate forward or backward accordingly.

[0030] The transmission mechanism also includes a trigger 23 connected to the motor 21 and a back button 24 located on the handle 1. When the trigger 23 is pressed, the motor 21 drives the gear 22 to rotate forward, thereby driving the screw 4 to rotate forward; when the back button 24 is pressed, the motor 21 drives the gear 22 to rotate reversely, thereby driving the screw 4 to rotate backward.

[0031] A limiting structure 43 is also provided at the front end of the screw rod 4 so as to be detachably connected to the corresponding structure on the sleeve. There are many such structures. For example, a plurality of protruding triangular supporting feet are provided at the rear end of the sleeve. The limiting structure 43 is a triangular elastic groove. The supporting feet are inserted into the groove with force. The supporting feet can be clamped by the elasticity of the groove, thereby achieving the effect of stable fixation and the rotation of the screw rod 4 can drive the rotation of the sleeve. A snap-on structure can also be used, which will not be described one by one here.

[0032] In one embodiment, in order to prevent the screw 4 from slipping out of the outer cavity 2 or hitting the motor 21, a stopper 9 can be set on the inner surface of the front end of the outer cavity and the corresponding position of the outer cavity. When the screw encounters the stopper 9, it cannot move forward or backward, thereby controlling the movement range of the screw 4. However, the motor may be stuck at this time, so a preferred embodiment is: a displacement sensor and a protection circuit are set inside the outer cavity, the protection circuit is connected to the motor, and when the screw reaches the stopper, the displacement sensor sends a signal to the protection circuit, and the protection circuit starts to disconnect the power supply of the motor.

[0033] The power source can be a rechargeable battery or a lithium battery, etc., which is arranged in the outer cavity and is used to power the motor and the protection circuit, the displacement sensor, the display screen, etc.

[0034] In one embodiment, a display screen may be provided on the outer surface of the handle to display the moving distance of the sleeve sent by the displacement sensor. The user may decide whether to continue rotating the sleeve by observing the moving distance, that is, to control the cutting depth during the operation.

[0035] In one embodiment, the handle 1 is provided with an inner cavity 3 that passes through the screw 4, and the inner cavity 3 is rollingly connected to the screw 4 and fixedly connected to the outer cavity, that is, the inner cavity 3 is fixed to the outer cavity 2, and the screw 4 rotates around the inner cavity 3. The device also includes a sleeve core 5 provided with a groove 51 adapted to the spiral cutter, and the sleeve core 5 can shuttle from the inner cavity 3 and the sleeve 7. The inner surface of the inner cavity 3 can be smooth, or it can be provided with a spiral blade adapted to the groove 51 of the sleeve core 5. The spiral cutter 8 is adapted to the groove 51 of the sleeve core 5, so that the sleeve core 5 can rotate into the sleeve 7 or rotate out of the sleeve 7 when rotating.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of scales 52 can also be provided on the outer surface of the sleeve core 5 so that the user knows the distance that the sleeve core extends into the sleeve. The rear end of the sleeve core 5 is a knob 53, which can be turned by hand to rotate the sleeve core forward or backward.

[0037] In one embodiment, in order to keep the sleeve core 5 stationary when the sleeve 8 is rotated, a retaining spring 6 is provided at the tail end of the handle. The retaining spring 6 can rotate and has a certain elastic force to press on the external thread of the sleeve core, thereby limiting the rotation of the sleeve core.

[0038] In one embodiment, the sleeve has an outer diameter of 1 cm and an inner diameter of 0.9 cm, and is used to remove lesions less than 0.8 cm in diameter. Another type is a biopsy knife for larger lesions, with an outer diameter of 0.5 cm and an inner diameter of 0.4 cm, and is used for biopsy of larger lesions or tumors (larger than 0.8 cm). The sleeve is hollow cylindrical in shape, 15 cm long, with a spiral blade having a long diameter of 2 cm (called a biopsy knife) or 3 cm (called a resection knife); the sleeve core is a 20 cm long stainless steel needle, with a conical needle tip at the end that can extend 0.5 cm out of the sleeve, and a thread length of 2 cm (biopsy knife core) or 3 cm (resection knife core).

[0039] Directions:

[0040] A. Ultrasound-guided excision of small lesions (using a thick sleeve to completely remove small lesions with a diameter of less than 0.8 cm):

[0041] (1) Connect the sleeve to the screw, insert the sleeve core from the rear end of the inner cavity and extend it into the sleeve, then rotate it so that the tip of the sleeve core extends out of the sleeve (for example, 0.5 cm). After local anesthesia of the skin and subcutaneous tissue at the pre-puncture point, insert the sleeve with core into the breast tissue towards the lesion through the puncture point under the guidance of B-ultrasound until the tip of the sleeve core slightly penetrates the middle part of the lesion. Align the sleeve directly to the lesion. It is expected that the sleeve can completely cover the small lesion.

[0042] (2) Fix the position of the sleeve, rotate the sleeve core in the opposite direction to exit the sleeve, pull the trigger to start the motor, drive the sleeve to rotate forward, use the sharp blade at the end of the sleeve and the spiral knife inside the sleeve to cut the lesion until the lesion is completely eaten into the sleeve, and then rotate forward 0.5-1cm;

[0043] (3) The sleeve is directly withdrawn outwards. The end of the tissue strip that has been cut into a screw shape will be gradually straightened and can be cut by the spiral blade during the pulling process. The selected tissue is then taken out by the sleeve.

[0044] (4) After disinfection, the puncture site is covered with a sterile dressing and local pressure bandage is applied for 24 hours.

[0045] (5) The sleeve core is screwed into the sleeve, and the excised tissue strip is pushed out from the end of the sleeve.

[0046] B. Ultrasound-guided biopsy of large lesions (using thin sleeves for larger lesions):

[0047] (1) Connect the sleeve to the screw, insert the sleeve core from the rear end of the inner cavity and extend it into the sleeve, then rotate it so that the tip of the sleeve core extends out of the sleeve (for example, 0.5 cm). After local anesthesia of the skin and subcutaneous tissue at the pre-puncture point, insert the sleeve with core into the breast tissue towards the lesion through the puncture point under the guidance of B-ultrasound until the tip of the sleeve core slightly penetrates the lesion;

[0048] (2) The sleeve is fixed in position, the sleeve core rotates in the opposite direction to exit the sleeve, and the trigger is pulled to start the motor, driving the sleeve to rotate forward. The lesion is cut using the sharp edge at the end of the sleeve and the spiral cutter inside the sleeve. The length of the screw-in cut is determined based on the actual size of the lesion and the amount of biopsy required.

[0049] (3) The sleeve is directly withdrawn outward, and the end of the tissue strip that is cut into a screw shape can be directly cut off by the spiral knife, and the tissue can be taken out by the sleeve;

[0050] (4) The sleeve is directly withdrawn outwards. The end of the tissue strip that has been cut into a screw shape will be gradually straightened and can be cut by the spiral blade during the pulling process. The selected tissue is then taken out by the sleeve.

[0051] (5) The sleeve core is screwed into the sleeve, and the excised tissue strip is pushed out from the end of the sleeve.

[0052] The above shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected.

Claims

1. A sleeve-type spiral knife biopsy device, characterized in that: It includes a handle, a transmission mechanism and a sleeve; wherein, The transmission mechanism is arranged in the outer cavity of the handle, and is used to connect the sleeve and drive the sleeve to rotate forward or backward; The inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a spiral cutter, and the front end of the sleeve is blade-shaped.

2. The sleeve-type spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a motor, a gear, and a screw. The output end of the motor is connected to the gear. The outer surface of the rear end of the screw is provided with teeth, and the teeth are meshed with the surface of the gear. The outer surface of the front end of the screw is provided with an external thread, and the inner surface of the outer cavity is provided with a first internal thread adapted to the external thread.

3. The sleeve-type spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism also includes a trigger and a back button connected to the motor. When the trigger is pressed, the motor drives the gear to rotate forward, thereby driving the screw to rotate forward; when the back button is pressed, the motor drives the gear to rotate reversely, thereby driving the screw to rotate backward.

4. The sleeve-type spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve is detachably connected to the front end of the screw rod.

5. The sleeve-type spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limit block is arranged on the inner surface of the outer cavity to control the moving range of the screw.

6. The sleeve-type spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A displacement sensor and a protection circuit are arranged inside the outer cavity. When the screw reaches the limit block, the protection circuit starts to disconnect the power supply of the motor.

7. The sleeve-type spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A display screen is arranged on the outer surface of the handle for displaying the moving distance of the sleeve sent by the displacement sensor.

8. The sleeve-type spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The handle is provided with an inner cavity penetrating the screw rod, the inner cavity is rollingly connected with the screw rod, and is fixedly connected with the outer cavity.

9. The sleeve-type spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surface of the sleeve core is provided with grooves adapted to the spiral cutter.

10. The sleeve-type spiral blade biopsy device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A retaining spring is arranged at the tail end of the handle to limit the rotation of the sleeve core; a plurality of scales are arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve core, and the rear end of the sleeve core is a knob handle.

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