Buffer structure, battery and electric device

Abstract

The utility model provides a buffer structure, a battery and an electric device. The buffer structure comprises a heat insulation plate, an energy absorption cavity is formed in the heat insulation plate, the heat insulation plate comprises two side walls, at least one side wall is an elastic wall capable of being elastically bent, the two side walls are arranged in a spaced mode, and the energy absorption cavity is formed between the two side walls. The heat insulation plate is used for insulating heat conduction of objects on the two sides to the maximum extent; the energy absorption cavity is formed in the heat insulation plate, at least one side wall of the heat insulation plate is arranged to be the elastic wall, and the thickness space of the energy absorption cavity can provide an elastic deformation space for the elastic wall, so that an expansion or movement space is provided for objects on the two sides of the heat insulation plate, and extrusion energy generated when the objects on the two sides expand or move is absorbed; expansion or movement of objects on the two sides is buffered. The buffer structure is used for the battery, can provide an expansion space for adjacent battery monomers, and effectively isolates heat conduction between the adjacent battery monomers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, relates to a buffer structure, a battery and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are the key to the sustainable development of the automobile industry. Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection. For electric vehicles, battery technology is an important factor in their development. When a battery cell in a current battery thermally runs away, it will affect the safety of adjacent battery cells. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a buffer structure, a battery and an electrical device to improve the problem of thermal influence between battery cells.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a buffer structure, including a heat insulation board, in which an energy absorption cavity is provided, the heat insulation board includes two side walls, at least one side wall is an elastic wall that can be elastically bent, the two side walls are spaced apart, and an energy absorption cavity is formed between the two side walls.

[0005] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a heat insulation board is used to isolate the heat conduction of objects on both sides thereof to the greatest extent; an energy absorption cavity is provided in the heat insulation board, and at least one of its side walls is provided as an elastic wall, the thickness space of the energy absorption cavity can provide elastic deformation space of the elastic wall, thereby providing expansion or movement space for objects on both sides of the heat insulation board, and absorbing the extrusion energy of the objects on both sides during expansion or movement, so as to buffer the expansion or movement of the objects on both sides thereof, and can rebound when the pressure disappears or weakens; the buffer structure is used for batteries, which can provide expansion space for adjacent battery cells, reduce the risk of crushing of the heat insulation board, and effectively isolate heat conduction between adjacent battery cells.

[0006] In some embodiments, at least one side wall is an insulating wall.

[0007] At least one side wall is set as a heat insulation wall to isolate heat conduction, and the structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture.

[0008] In some embodiments, the insulated wall comprises an insulating layer.

[0009] By arranging a heat insulating layer on the side wall to form a heat insulating wall, a heat insulating effect is achieved, the structure is simple, and it is easy to process and manufacture.

[0010] In some embodiments, the material of the heat insulation layer includes plastic or bakelite.

[0011] Using plastic or bakelite can achieve good thermal insulation, and it is low cost and easy to process and manufacture.

[0012] In some embodiments, the elastic wall comprises an elastically bendable support layer.

[0013] A supporting layer is provided as the main supporting part of the corresponding side wall, and the supporting layer can be elastically bent so that the corresponding side wall forms an elastic wall, which is convenient for the provision of the elastic wall.

[0014] In some embodiments, a thermal insulation layer is disposed on the support layer.

[0015] A heat insulating layer is arranged on the supporting layer, the heat insulating layer is supported by the supporting layer, and the corresponding side wall has a heat insulating effect, thereby improving the heat insulating effect.

[0016] In some embodiments, the material of the support layer includes plastic or metal.

[0017] The supporting layer is made of plastic or metal, which has a wider range of material selection, is easy to process and manufacture, and has low cost.

[0018] In some embodiments, the material of the heat insulation layer on the support layer includes a fireproof material or a phase change material.

[0019] The insulation layer uses fireproof materials to prevent fire. When applied to batteries, in the event of thermal runaway of a battery cell on one side of the insulation board, the impact on the battery cell on the other side of the insulation board can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0020] The insulation layer uses phase change materials for temperature control and fire prevention. When applied to batteries, in the event of thermal runaway of a battery cell on one side of the insulation board, it can not only cool down the battery cell, but also reduce the impact on the battery cell on the other side of the insulation board, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0021] In some embodiments, an elastic structure is provided in the energy absorbing cavity.

[0022] Providing an elastic structure in the energy-absorbing cavity can enhance the impact and extrusion resistance of the insulation board and reduce the risk of crushing.

[0023] In some embodiments, the elastic structure includes ribs connecting the two side walls.

[0024] The use of ribs to provide a rebound force has a simple structure, can improve the structural strength of the buffer structure, and is also easy to process and manufacture.

[0025] In some embodiments, the ribs are arranged obliquely relative to the side walls.

[0026] The ribs are arranged obliquely to the side walls to facilitate elastic deformation of the side walls toward the inside of the energy absorption cavity to absorb external squeezing force; when applied to batteries, they can better absorb the expansion deformation of battery cells.

[0027] In some embodiments, the elastic structure includes a foam material filled in the energy absorbing cavity.

[0028] The foam material is arranged in the energy absorbing cavity, and the foam material can provide a rebound force to absorb the impact and extrusion force on the insulation board; in addition, it can also play a heat insulating role to improve the heat insulating performance of the buffer structure.

[0029] In some embodiments, the elastic structure includes a liquid filled in the energy absorbing cavity.

[0030] Filling the energy-absorbing cavity with liquid can provide resilience to a certain extent to absorb the impact and extrusion force on the insulation board; it can also play a role in heat insulation and fire extinguishing in the event of a fire.

[0031] In some embodiments, the buffer structure further includes a current collecting member having a flow channel therein, and the two ends of the heat insulation board are respectively installed with the current collecting members, and the flow channel of the current collecting member is connected to the energy absorption cavity;

[0032] A liquid inlet pipe is provided on one current collecting piece, and a liquid outlet pipe is provided on the other current collecting piece;

[0033] Alternatively, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are installed on one collecting member.

[0034] A current collector is provided, and a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are provided on the current collector by connecting the flow channel of the current collector with the energy absorption cavity, so as to allow liquid to enter and exit the energy absorption cavity, and to take away the heat of the heat insulation board, thereby reducing the thermal impact between the objects on both sides of the heat insulation board; in particular, when applied to batteries, the impact of thermal runaway of the battery cells on one side on the battery cells on the other side can be reduced. A liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are provided on the two current collectors respectively, so that the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are provided at both ends of the heat insulation board, so that the fluid enters from one end of the energy absorption cavity and flows out from the other end, so as to facilitate filling of the energy absorption cavity. A liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are provided on a current collector, so that the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are provided at the same end of the heat insulation board to reduce the occupied space. When applied to batteries, it can reduce the space occupied in the battery.

[0035] In some embodiments, the energy absorbing chamber is a vacuum chamber.

[0036] The energy absorbing cavity uses a vacuum cavity, that is, the energy absorbing cavity is evacuated, which can reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation board.

[0037] In some embodiments, plugs are respectively installed at both ends of the heat insulation board to seal the ends of the energy absorbing cavity.

[0038] Blockages are provided at both ends of the heat insulation board to seal the energy absorption cavity so that the energy absorption cavity can maintain a good vacuum state.

[0039] In some embodiments, at least one of the seals is provided with a vacuum connection.

[0040] A vacuum joint is provided on the plug to evacuate the energy absorbing cavity.

[0041] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, comprising the buffer structure as described in the above embodiment.

[0042] In some embodiments, the battery further includes a plurality of battery cells, and the buffer structure is disposed between adjacent battery cells.

[0043] Providing a buffer structure between adjacent battery cells can provide expansion space for the adjacent battery cells and effectively isolate heat conduction between adjacent battery cells.

[0044] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, comprising the buffer structure as described in the above embodiment, or comprising the battery as described in the above embodiment.

[0045] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or exemplary technical descriptions will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0049] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a buffer structure disposed between battery cells in some embodiments of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0050] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a buffer structure disposed between battery cells in some embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first buffer structure in some embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 6 A side view schematic diagram of a second buffer structure of some embodiments of the present application;

[0053] Figure 7This is a schematic structural diagram of a third buffer structure in some embodiments of the present application;

[0054] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A side structural schematic diagram of the buffer structure shown;

[0055] Fig. 9 This is a schematic side view of a fourth buffer structure of some embodiments of the present application;

[0056] Fig.10 This is a side view structural schematic diagram of a fifth buffer structure of some embodiments of the present application;

[0057] Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a sixth buffer structure in some embodiments of the present application;

[0058] Fig.12 This is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh buffer structure in some embodiments of the present application;

[0059] Fig.13 This is a schematic structural diagram of an eighth buffer structure of some embodiments of the present application;

[0060] Fig.14 for Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the front view of the buffer structure;

[0061] Fig.15 For along Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA line;

[0062] Fig.16 For along Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the middle BB line;

[0063] Fig.17 This is a schematic top view of a ninth buffer structure of some embodiments of the present application;

[0064] Fig.18 This is a side view structural schematic diagram of a tenth buffer structure of some embodiments of the present application;

[0065] Fig.19 This is a side structural schematic diagram of an eleventh buffer structure of some embodiments of the present application.

[0066] Among them, the main marks of the drawings in the figure are:

[0067] 1000-vehicle; 1001-battery; 1002-controller; 1003-motor;

[0068] 100-box; 101-first part; 102-second part; 200-battery cell;

[0069] 300-buffer structure; 31-insulation board; 310-energy absorption chamber; 311-side wall; 311a-insulation wall; 311b-elastic wall; 3111-support layer; 3112-insulation layer; 32-elastic structure; 321-ribs; 322-foaming material; 33-sealing; 331-vacuum joint; 34-current collecting piece; 340-flow channel; 341-liquid inlet pipe; 342-liquid outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0071] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0072] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0073] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments in any suitable manner.

[0074] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0075] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces). "Several" means one or more than one, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0076] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by technical terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", and "circumferential" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0077] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0078] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0079] The battery cells in the embodiments of the present application include but are not limited to lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells or magnesium-ion battery cells. The shape of the battery cell includes but is not limited to a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes. The battery cell is generally divided into cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells according to the packaging method, including but not limited to: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells and soft-pack battery cells.

[0080] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in the present application may include a battery module or a battery pack, etc. The battery generally includes a casing for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The casing can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells to a certain extent. In some cases, the battery cells can also be used directly, that is, the battery may not include a casing, which is not limited here.

[0081] In a battery, when there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection. A mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. Multiple battery cells can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells is accommodated in a box; of course, the battery can also be a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and accommodated in a box. The battery can also include other structures. For example, the battery can also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells.

[0082] The electrode assembly, also known as the battery cell, is the main structure for energy storage and conversion in a battery cell. The electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator. The electrode assembly mainly relies on the movement of metal ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to work. The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode collector and a positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode collector. The portion of the positive electrode collector that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer protrudes from the portion that is coated with the positive electrode active material layer. The portion that is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer serves as a positive electrode tab, or a metal conductor is welded on the positive electrode collector and led out to serve as a positive electrode tab. Taking lithium-ion batteries as an example, the material of the positive electrode collector can be aluminum, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganese oxide, etc. The negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer. The negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector. The portion of the negative electrode current collector not coated with the negative electrode active material layer protrudes from the portion coated with the negative electrode active material layer. The portion not coated with the negative electrode active material layer serves as a negative electrode tab, or a metal conductor is welded on the negative electrode current collector and led out to serve as a negative electrode tab. The material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon, etc.

[0083] The electrode assembly can be a wound structure or a laminated structure. The embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. The wound structure is mostly to weld the pole ear to the current collector, and then arrange it in the order of positive electrode sheet-diaphragm-negative electrode sheet-diaphragm; and then wind it to form a cylindrical or square battery cell. The laminated structure is mostly to lead the pole ear on the current collector, arrange the positive electrode sheet, negative electrode sheet and diaphragm in the order of positive electrode sheet-diaphragm-negative electrode sheet-diaphragm, and stack them layer by layer to form a laminated battery cell; wherein, the diaphragm can be cut and directly laminated with the diaphragm sheet, or the diaphragm is not cut, but laminated in a Z-shaped fold. The material of the diaphragm can be PP (Polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (Polyethylene, polyethylene), etc. The diaphragm is an insulating film arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. Its main function is to isolate the positive and negative electrodes and prevent the electrons in the battery from passing freely, to prevent short circuits to a certain extent, and to allow the ions in the electrolyte to pass freely between the positive and negative electrodes to form a loop between the positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are collectively referred to as the electrode sheet. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are collectively referred to as the tab.

[0084] When the battery cell is charged, the current converts electrical energy into chemical energy through the chemical reaction between the electrolyte and the electrode and stores it in the battery cell. During the discharge process, the chemical energy is converted into electrical energy and released. This energy conversion process is accompanied by energy loss and heat generation. If the heat dissipation inside the battery cell is poor and the heat cannot be effectively dissipated, the battery cell will overheat. There is a certain internal resistance inside the battery cell. When the current passes through the internal resistance, resistance loss will be generated, causing the battery cell to heat up. When the current is too large or the internal resistance is too high, the heat inside the battery cell will increase, causing the battery cell to overheat. If the battery cell exceeds its designed maximum voltage during charging, or the battery cell voltage drops too low during discharge, it will cause the battery cell to overvoltage or overdischarge. Overcharging or overdischarging will cause the chemical reaction inside the battery cell to run away, generate too much heat, and cause the battery cell to overheat. In addition, there may be defects in the design or manufacturing process of the battery cell, such as improper material selection, poor battery cell assembly, etc. These defects may lead to poor heat dissipation inside the battery cell or uneven current distribution, thereby increasing the risk of overheating or overvoltage of the battery cell. Therefore, the battery cells may overheat or over-voltage during charging or use.

[0085] A certain amount of gas is usually contained inside a battery cell. When the battery cell is charged or discharged, the solution in the electrolyte will produce or absorb gas. The generation of these gases will cause the gas pressure inside the battery cell to increase, causing the battery cell to swell and deform. During the charging or discharging process of the battery cell, the positive and negative electrode materials will undergo chemical reactions to form new compounds. These chemical reactions are accompanied by changes in volume, which cause the volume of the internal materials of the battery cell to change, causing the battery to swell and deform. When the battery cell is overcharged or over-discharged, the chemical reaction inside the battery cell will get out of control, generating too much gas or causing the structure of the electrode material to be damaged, which will cause the battery cell to swell and deform. Charging or discharging the battery cell in a high temperature environment will accelerate the internal chemical reaction, increase gas generation and volume changes. High temperature will also cause the internal materials of the battery cell to expand, which also causes the battery cell to swell and deform.

[0086] Therefore, during the charging and discharging process, the battery cells will not only generate heat, but also cause the battery cells to expand and deform. However, most battery cells are arranged in the battery box. In the case of thermal runaway of a battery cell, it will not only generate a lot of heat, but also expand greatly, which will not only squeeze and damage the adjacent battery cells; but also the generated heat will be transferred to the adjacent battery cells, which will greatly increase the risk of expansion and thermal runaway of the adjacent battery cells.

[0087] Based on the above considerations, in order to solve the impact of thermal runaway of battery cells on adjacent battery cells, an embodiment of the present application provides a buffer structure by using a heat insulation plate, setting an energy absorption cavity in the heat insulation plate, and using an elastic wall for at least one side wall of the energy absorption cavity. When applied to batteries, it can not only provide expansion space for the battery cells, but also effectively isolate the heat conduction between adjacent battery cells, thereby reducing the impact of thermal runaway of battery cells on adjacent battery cells.

[0088] The battery disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in electrical devices that use the battery as a power source or various energy storage systems that use the battery as an energy storage element, such as energy storage power supply systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric bicycle, an electric motorcycle, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. Among them, the electric toy can include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, and the like, and the spacecraft can include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, and the like.

[0089] For the convenience of description, an electric device is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application, and the electric device is described by taking a vehicle as an example.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided for some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 1001 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 1001 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 1001 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 1001 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 1002 and a motor 1003, and the controller 1002 is used to control the battery 1001 to power the motor 1003, for example, for the starting, navigation and working power requirements of the vehicle 1000 during driving.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 1001 can not only serve as the operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also serve as the driving power source of the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery 1001 provided for some embodiments of the present application. The battery 1001 includes a box 100 and a battery cell 200, and the battery cell 200 is contained in the box 100. Among them, the box 100 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 200, and the box 100 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the box 100 may include a first part 101 and a second part 102, and the first part 101 and the second part 102 cover each other, and the first part 101 and the second part 102 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 200. The second part 102 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 101 can be a plate-like structure, and the first part 101 covers the open side of the second part 102, so that the first part 101 and the second part 102 jointly define a storage space; the first part 101 and the second part 102 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 101 covers the open side of the second part 102. Of course, the box 100 formed by the first part 101 and the second part 102 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc. After multiple battery cells 200 are connected in parallel, in series, or in mixed series, they are placed in the box 100 formed by the first part 101 and the second part 102 being buckled together.

[0093] In some embodiments, the battery 1001 includes a buffer structure 300, which is configured in a flat plate shape. The buffer structure 300 is provided between the battery cells 200. The buffer structure 300 absorbs the expansion and deformation of the battery cells 200, and the buffer structure 300 isolates the heat conduction between adjacent battery cells 200, thereby reducing the impact of thermal runaway of the battery cells 200 on adjacent battery cells 200.

[0094] In some embodiments, the buffer structure 300 contacts the largest surface of the battery cell 200. Since the battery cell 200 is wound or stacked using pole pieces, its expansion deformation is mainly due to the increase in the thickness of the pole pieces, so the expansion deformation of the battery cell 200 in the direction perpendicular to the side where the largest area is located will be larger. The buffer structure 300 contacts the largest surface of the battery cell 200, that is, the buffer structure 300 is arranged on the side where the largest surface of the battery cell 200 is located, which can better provide expansion and deformation space for the battery cell 200.

[0095] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 A plurality of battery cells 200 may be arranged on the same side of at least one buffer structure 300. For example, two, three, four or the like battery cells 200 may be arranged on the same side of a buffer structure 300. In this way, the length of the buffer structure 300 may be set longer, and a plurality of battery cells 200 may be arranged on the same side thereof, so that the buffer structure 300 simultaneously increases the expansion and deformation space for the plurality of battery cells 200, while reducing the number of buffer structures 300 for easy assembly.

[0096] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 At least one side of the buffer structure 300 corresponds to only one battery cell 200. For example, if the length of the buffer structure 300 is set to be smaller and only one battery cell 200 is set on one side, the buffer structure 300 only increases the expansion space for the two battery cells 200 corresponding to its two sides or one battery cell 200 corresponding to its one side. In this way, the buffer structure 300 is more targeted and convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0097] See also Figure 5 , Fig.18 and Fig.19 According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application provides a buffer structure 300, including a heat insulation plate 31, in which an energy absorption cavity 310 is provided, the heat insulation plate 31 includes two side walls 311, at least one side wall 311 is an elastic wall 311b that can be elastically bent, the two side walls 311 are spaced apart, and an energy absorption cavity 310 is formed between the two side walls 311.

[0098] The heat insulation board 31 refers to a board with heat insulation performance, such as a board made of heat insulation materials such as plastic, bakelite, ceramics, rubber, etc., or a board with a heat insulation material coating on the surface, or a board with a heat insulation layer inside. The heat insulation board 31 can be used to isolate the heat conduction of objects on both sides and reduce the mutual influence of heat between the objects on both sides.

[0099] The energy absorbing cavity 310 refers to a cavity structure provided in the heat insulation board 31 , that is, a cavity is provided inside the heat insulation board 31 , and the cavity forms the energy absorbing cavity 310 .

[0100] The side wall 311 refers to the side wall 311 of the energy absorption cavity 310 . The two side walls 311 constitute two opposite side walls 311 of the energy absorption cavity 310 , and the two side walls 311 are arranged at intervals, so that the interval space between the two side walls 311 forms the energy absorption cavity 310 .

[0101] The elastic wall 311b refers to a side wall 311 or a wall plate that can be elastically bent. For example, the elastic wall 311b can be made of materials such as plastic and metal. The elastically bendable plate can be used as the elastic wall 311b.

[0102] At least one side wall 311 is an elastic wall 311 b , and one of the two side walls 311 may be an elastic wall 311 b , or both side walls 311 may be elastic.

[0103] The elastic wall 311b is provided, and when the heat insulation board 31 is squeezed by the outside, it will bend and deform toward the energy absorption cavity 310. Accordingly, the energy absorption cavity 310 is a space for the elastic wall 311b to bend and deform. When applied to batteries, it can provide space for the battery cell 200 to expand and deform.

[0104] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a heat insulation plate 31 is used to isolate the heat conduction of objects on both sides thereof to the greatest extent; an energy absorption cavity 310 is provided in the heat insulation plate 31, and at least one side wall 311 thereof is provided as an elastic wall 311b, the thickness space of the energy absorption cavity 310 can provide elastic deformation space of the elastic wall 311b, thereby providing expansion or movement space for objects on both sides of the heat insulation plate 31, and absorbing the extrusion energy of the objects on both sides during expansion or movement, so as to buffer the expansion or movement of the objects on both sides thereof, and can rebound when the pressure disappears or weakens; the buffer structure 300 is used for batteries, can provide expansion space for adjacent battery cells 200, reduce the risk of crushing of the heat insulation plate 31, and effectively isolate heat conduction between adjacent battery cells 200.

[0105] In some embodiments, at least one side wall 311 is a thermal insulation wall 311 a.

[0106] The heat insulating wall 311a refers to a side wall 311 or a wall panel having heat insulating properties. For example, a panel made of heat insulating materials such as plastic, bakelite, ceramic, rubber, etc. can be used as the heat insulating wall 311a.

[0107] At least one side wall 311 is a heat insulating wall 311 a . One of the two side walls 311 may be a heat insulating wall 311 a , or both side walls 311 may have heat insulating properties.

[0108] Of the two side walls 311, one side wall 311 may be an elastic wall 311b, and the other side wall 311 may be a heat-insulating wall 311a. Alternatively, one side wall 311 may have both elasticity and heat-insulating properties, that is, the side wall 311 is both an elastic wall 311b and a heat-insulating wall 311a. Of course, both side walls 311 may have both elasticity and heat-insulating properties, that is, each side wall 311 is both an elastic wall 311b and a heat-insulating wall 311a.

[0109] The heat insulation wall 311a is provided to isolate heat conduction on both sides thereof, and when applied to a battery, it can isolate the mutual influence of heat generated by the battery cells 200 on both sides of the buffer structure 300.

[0110] At least one side wall 311 is set as a heat insulation wall 311a to isolate heat conduction, which has a simple structure and is easy to process and manufacture.

[0111] See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.18 and Fig.19 In some embodiments, the thermal insulation wall 311a includes a thermal insulation layer 3112 .

[0112] The heat-insulating layer 3112 refers to a film layer, coating layer or plate layer made of heat-insulating materials such as ceramics, rubber, silicone, resin, plastic, etc. The heat-insulating wall 311a is the side wall 311 of the energy-absorbing cavity 310, and the heat-insulating wall 311a includes a heat-insulating layer 3112, that is, a heat-insulating layer 3112 can be set on the side wall 311 to form the heat-insulating wall 311a; of course, the side wall 311 can also be made of heat-insulating materials, and then a heat-insulating layer 3112 is set on the side wall 311 to improve the heat-insulating effect. Of course, a plate made of heat-insulating materials can also be used, and the plate can be used as both the heat-insulating layer 3112 and the heat-insulating wall 311a.

[0113] By arranging the heat insulating layer 3112 on the side wall 311, a heat insulating wall 311a is formed to achieve a heat insulating effect, and the structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture.

[0114] In some embodiments, the material of the heat insulation layer 3112 includes plastic or bakelite. Plastic or bakelite can achieve good heat insulation, low cost, and easy processing and manufacturing.

[0115] See also Figure 6 , Fig.18 and Fig.19 In some embodiments, the elastic wall 311b includes an elastically bendable supporting layer 3111.

[0116] Elastic bendability means that the support layer 3111 can be elastically bent and deformed when subjected to external force.

[0117] The support layer 3111 refers to a structural layer with a certain structural strength and can play a supporting role, such as a plate-shaped or layered structural layer made of plastic, metal, bakelite, hard rubber, etc., so that the support layer 3111 can not only play a supporting role, but also be elastically bent, so that the support layer 3111 can serve as an elastic wall 311b.

[0118] A supporting layer 3111 is provided as a main supporting portion of the corresponding side wall 311, and the supporting layer 3111 is elastically bendable so that the corresponding side wall 311 forms an elastic wall 311b, which facilitates the provision of the elastic wall 311b.

[0119] See also Figure 6 , Fig.18 and Fig.19 In some embodiments, a heat insulating layer 3112 is provided on the supporting layer 3111 .

[0120] The heat insulating layer 3112 refers to a film layer, coating layer or board layer made of heat insulating materials such as ceramics, rubber, silicone, resin, plastic, etc.

[0121] The heat insulating layer 3112 is disposed on the support layer 3111, and the heat insulating layer 3112 is supported by the support layer 3111, and the corresponding side wall 311 has a heat insulating effect, thereby improving the heat insulating effect. Since the support layer 3111 has elastic bending characteristics, the corresponding side wall 311 thereof serves as an elastic wall 311b; and the heat insulating layer 3112 is disposed thereon, and the corresponding side wall 311 forms a heat insulating wall 311a.

[0122] In some embodiments, the material of the support layer 3111 includes plastic or metal. The support layer 3111 uses plastic or metal, which has a wider range of material selection, is easy to process and manufacture, and has low cost.

[0123] In some embodiments, the material of the heat insulating layer 3112 on the supporting layer 3111 includes a fireproof material or a phase change material.

[0124] Fireproof materials refer to materials that can prevent the spread of flames or smoke and slow down the development of fire within a certain period of time. Fireproof materials include fireproof glass, fireproof coatings, fireproof plastics, alumina, asbestos powder, calcium carbonate, perlite, cornstarch, polyvinyl chloride, perchloroethylene, chlorinated rubber, chloroprene rubber emulsion, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, etc.

[0125] Phase change materials refer to materials that can change the state of matter without changing the temperature, and absorb or release a large amount of latent heat in the process, thereby achieving the effect of temperature control. This process of changing physical properties is called phase change process. In the field of fire protection, phase change materials can delay or prevent the spread of fire and protect structures from high temperature damage. Phase change materials include inorganic phase change materials, organic phase change materials, composite phase change materials, metal phase change materials, etc. Inorganic phase change materials are mainly inorganic compounds such as metal salt hydrates, alkali hydrates, activated clay and mineral wool. Organic deformation materials absorb or release heat by changing between crystal forms and the transformation of polymer side chains at different temperatures. Composite phase change materials use network structure materials as a matrix to maintain the basic shape and mechanical properties of the material, while phase change materials are distributed in the network structure matrix as embedded materials. This material combines the characteristics of two or more different materials, thereby optimizing the functional characteristics of the material. Metal phase change materials mainly realize phase change energy storage by phase change of metals and alloys.

[0126] The heat insulation layer 3112 is made of fireproof material and can be fireproof. When applied to batteries, when a battery cell 200 on one side of the heat insulation board 31 thermally runs away, the impact on the battery cell 200 on the other side of the heat insulation board 31 can be reduced, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0127] The thermal insulation layer 3112 uses phase change material for temperature control and fire prevention. When applied to batteries, in the event of thermal runaway of a battery cell 200 on one side of the thermal insulation board 31, it can not only cool the battery cell 200, but also reduce the impact on the battery cell 200 on the other side of the thermal insulation board 31, thereby improving the safety of the battery.

[0128] See also Figures 7 to 10 , Figures 13 to 17 In some embodiments, an elastic structure 32 is provided in the energy absorbing cavity 310 .

[0129] The elastic structure 32 refers to a structure that can be elastically deformed, such as a structure made of elastically deformable materials such as metal, rubber, and plastic.

[0130] The elastic structure 32 is arranged in the energy absorption cavity 310 to improve the impact and extrusion resistance of the heat insulation board 31 and reduce the risk of crushing. Crushing refers to the phenomenon that the buffer structure 300 breaks, deforms, or even loses its elastic rebound function when subjected to pressure, load or other external forces exceeding its bearing capacity.

[0131] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the elastic structure 32 includes ribs 321 connecting the two side walls 311 .

[0132] The ribs 321 refer to the strip-shaped ribs or rib structures provided in the energy absorption cavity 310. The ribs 321 connect the two side walls 311 to increase the structural strength of the buffer structure 300, so that the side walls 311 can support the ribs 321, and when the side walls 311 bend into the energy absorption cavity 310, the ribs 321 can play a role of elastic support to enable the side walls 311 to rebound better. The ribs 321 are provided in the energy absorption cavity 310, and the ribs 321 can be left in the process of machining the energy absorption cavity 310 in the heat insulation board 31. Of course, the energy absorption cavity 310 and the ribs 321 can also be directly manufactured in the case of extrusion molding the heat insulation board 31. The energy absorption cavity 310 and the ribs 321 can also be directly manufactured in the case of injection molding the heat insulation board 31, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0133] The ribs 321 are used to provide a rebound force, which has a simple structure, can improve the structural strength of the buffer structure 300, and is also easy to process and manufacture.

[0134] In some embodiments, the ribs 321 are inclined relative to the sidewalls 311 .

[0135] The rib 321 is inclined relative to the side wall 311, which means that the surface where the rib 321 is located is inclined relative to the surface where the side wall 311 is located. For example, the width direction of the rib 321 is inclined relative to the surface where the side wall 311 is located, or the length direction of the rib 321 is inclined relative to the surface where the side wall 311 is located, or both the width direction and the length direction of the rib 321 are inclined relative to the surface where the side wall 311 is located. Since the side wall 311 is bent toward the energy absorption cavity 310 under force, the force acting on the rib 321 will also be inclined relative to the surface where the rib 321 is located, so that the rib 321 is bent and deformed relative to the side wall 311, so as to enhance the elastic supporting force of the side wall 311.

[0136] The ribs 321 are arranged obliquely to the side walls 311 to facilitate elastic deformation of the side walls 311 toward the inside of the energy absorption cavity 310 to absorb external squeezing force; when applied to batteries, the expansion deformation of the battery cells 200 can be better absorbed.

[0137] See also Fig. 9 In some embodiments, the elastic structure 32 includes a foaming material 322 filled in the energy absorbing cavity 310 .

[0138] The foaming material 322 refers to a foaming material that can be gasified inside the material to generate bubbles to make it a porous material, such as foam plastic, foam rubber, foam resin, etc. The foaming material 322 is light in weight, good in softness, and has the functions of cushioning, sound absorption, shock absorption, heat insulation, etc.

[0139] A foam material 322 is disposed in the energy absorbing cavity 310 , and the foam material 322 can provide a rebound force to absorb the impact and extrusion force on the heat insulation board 31 ; in addition, it can also play a heat insulation role to improve the heat insulation performance of the buffer structure 300 .

[0140] See also Fig.10 In some embodiments, ribs 321 and foaming material 322 may be provided in the energy absorbing cavity 310 at the same time, that is, the elastic structure 32 includes ribs 321 connecting the two side walls 311 and foaming material 322 filled in the energy absorbing cavity 310, and the foaming material 322 cooperates with the ribs 321 to provide resilience so as to better absorb the impact and extrusion force on the heat insulation board 31.

[0141] See also Figures 13 to 17 In some embodiments, the elastic structure 32 includes a liquid filled in the energy absorbing cavity 310. Filling the energy absorbing cavity 310 with liquid can provide a certain degree of resilience to absorb the impact and extrusion force on the heat insulation board 31; it can also play a role in heat insulation and fire extinguishing in the event of a fire.

[0142] In some embodiments, ribs 321 and filling liquid can be simultaneously provided in the energy absorption cavity 310, that is, the elastic structure 32 includes ribs 321 connecting the two side walls 311 and liquid filled in the energy absorption cavity 310, and the liquid and the ribs 321 cooperate to provide a rebound force to better absorb the impact and extrusion force on the insulation board 31.

[0143] See also Figures 13 to 17 In some embodiments, the buffer structure 300 further includes a current collecting member 34 having a flow channel 340 therein, and the current collecting members 34 are respectively installed at both ends of the heat insulation plate 31, and the flow channel 340 of the current collecting member 34 is connected to the energy absorption cavity 310; a liquid inlet pipe 341 and a liquid outlet pipe 342 are provided on the current collecting member 34.

[0144] The current collector 34 is a structural member having a flow channel 340 therein to connect the energy absorption cavity 310. If the energy absorption cavity 310 in the heat insulation board 31 is a whole, the flow channel 340 of the current collector 34 connects the energy absorption cavity 310. If the energy absorption cavity 310 in the heat insulation board 31 is a plurality of separated chambers, the current collector 34 connects each energy absorption cavity 310.

[0145] The liquid inlet pipe 341 is a pipe for liquid to flow in to fill the energy absorption chamber 310. The liquid inlet pipe 341 is a pipe for gas, liquid or other liquid to flow out to discharge the fluid in the energy absorption chamber 310.

[0146] A current collecting member 34 is provided, and a flow channel of the current collecting member 34 is connected to the energy absorption chamber 310, and a liquid inlet pipe 341 and a liquid outlet pipe 342 are provided on the current collecting member 34, so that liquid can enter and exit the energy absorption chamber 310, and can take away the heat of the insulation board 31, thereby reducing the thermal impact between the objects on both sides of the insulation board 31; especially when applied to batteries, it can reduce the impact of thermal runaway of the battery cell 200 on the other side.

[0147] See also Figures 13 to 16 In some embodiments, a liquid inlet pipe 341 is provided on one current collecting piece 34, and a liquid outlet pipe 342 is provided on the other current collecting piece 34, that is, the liquid inlet pipe 341 and the liquid outlet pipe 342 are respectively provided on the two current collecting pieces 34, so that the liquid inlet pipe 341 and the liquid outlet pipe 342 are arranged at both ends of the insulation board 31, so that the fluid enters from one end of the energy absorption cavity 310 and flows out from the other end, thereby facilitating the filling of the energy absorption cavity 310.

[0148] See also Fig.16 and Fig.17 In some embodiments, a current collector 34 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 341 and a liquid outlet pipe 342. A current collector 34 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 341 and a liquid outlet pipe 342, so that the liquid inlet pipe 341 and the liquid outlet pipe 342 are arranged at the same end of the heat insulation board 31 to reduce the occupied space, and is applied to a battery to reduce the occupied space in the battery.

[0149] See also Figure 8 , Fig.11 and Fig.12 In some embodiments, the energy absorption chamber 310 is a vacuum chamber.

[0150] A vacuum chamber refers to a chamber with no gas or only a small amount of gas. Since air also has a certain thermal conductivity (such as the thermal conductivity of air is generally 0.023 W / mK), it can also conduct heat to a certain extent, and the energy absorption chamber 310 is a vacuum chamber, which can reduce heat conduction therein to play a good heat insulation role.

[0151] The energy absorbing cavity 310 uses a vacuum cavity, that is, the energy absorbing cavity 310 is evacuated, which can reduce the thermal conductivity of the heat insulation board 31 .

[0152] In some embodiments, plugs 33 are respectively installed at both ends of the heat insulation board 31 , and the plugs 33 seal the ends of the energy absorption cavity 310 .

[0153] The plug 33 refers to a structural member used to seal and plug the channel.

[0154] Plugs 33 are provided at both ends of the heat insulation plate 31 to seal the energy absorption cavity 310 so that the energy absorption cavity 310 can maintain a good vacuum state.

[0155] In some embodiments, at least one seal 33 is provided with a vacuum connection 331 .

[0156] The vacuum joint 331 is a joint used to connect a vacuum device.

[0157] A vacuum joint 331 is provided on the plug 33 so as to evacuate the energy absorbing chamber 310 .

[0158] In some embodiments, the end of the heat insulation board 31 may be welded and sealed 33 , or the end of the heat insulation board 31 may be squeezed closed.

[0159] See also Fig.18 In some embodiments, the material for making the support layer 3111 can be used to make a plate with an internal cavity, and a heat insulation layer 3112 is set on one side thereof to form an insulation board 31 of the buffer structure 300, which is convenient to process and manufacture. One support layer 3111 cooperates with the heat insulation layer 3112 thereon to form a heat insulation wall 311a, and the other side wall 311 forms an elastic wall 311b.

[0160] See also Fig.19 In some embodiments, the support layer 3111 can be connected to the thermal insulation layer 3112, and the support layer 3111 and the thermal insulation layer 3112 are spaced apart to form an energy absorption cavity 310 between the support layer 3111 and the thermal insulation layer 3112, the support layer 3111 forms an elastic wall 311b, and the thermal insulation layer 3112 forms a thermal insulation wall 311a.

[0161] According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application provides a buffer structure 300, including a heat insulation board 31, an energy absorption cavity 310 is provided in the heat insulation board 31, the heat insulation board 31 includes two side walls 311, at least one side wall 311 is an elastic wall 311b that can be elastically bent, the two side walls 311 are arranged at intervals, and the energy absorption cavity 310 is formed between the two side walls 311. An elastic structure 32 is provided in the energy absorption cavity 310, and the elastic structure 32 includes ribs 321 connecting the two side walls 311, and the ribs 321 are arranged obliquely relative to the side walls 311. The energy absorption cavity 310 is a vacuum cavity. An insulation board 31 is used to isolate the heat conduction of the objects on both sides of it to the greatest extent; an energy absorption cavity 310 is set in the insulation board 31, and at least one of its side walls 311 is set as an elastic wall 311b. The thickness space of the energy absorption cavity 310 can provide elastic deformation space for the elastic wall 311b, thereby providing expansion or movement space for the objects on both sides of the insulation board 31, and absorbing the extrusion energy when the objects on both sides expand or move, so as to buffer the expansion or movement of the objects on both sides. The elastic structure 32 is set in the energy absorption cavity 310, which can improve the impact and extrusion resistance of the insulation board 31 and reduce the risk of crushing. Crushing refers to the phenomenon that the buffer structure 300 breaks, deforms, or even loses its elastic rebound function when it is subjected to pressure, load or other external forces that exceed its bearing capacity. The elastic structure 32 uses ribs 321, which can better improve the rebound force, so that the buffer structure 300 can better resist the expansion and deformation of the battery cell 200, and the structure is simple and easy to manufacture.

[0162] According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides a battery, comprising the buffer structure 300 described in any of the above schemes.

[0163] In some embodiments, the battery further includes a plurality of battery cells 200 , and the buffer structure 300 is disposed between adjacent battery cells 200 .

[0164] The buffer structure 300 is disposed between adjacent battery cells 200 to provide expansion space for the adjacent battery cells 200 and effectively isolate heat conduction between the adjacent battery cells 200 .

[0165] According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the buffer structure 300 described in any of the above schemes, or comprising the battery described in any of the above schemes.

[0166] The power-consuming device may be any of the aforementioned devices or systems using batteries.

[0167] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A buffer structure, characterized in that: It comprises a heat insulation board, in which an energy absorption cavity is arranged, the heat insulation board comprises two side walls, at least one of the side walls is an elastic wall that can be elastically bent, the two side walls are arranged at intervals, and the energy absorption cavity is formed between the two side walls.

2. The buffer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the side walls is a thermally insulating wall.

3. The buffer structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The thermal insulation wall includes a thermal insulation layer.

4. The buffer structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The material of the heat insulation layer includes plastic or bakelite.

5. The buffer structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The elastic wall includes an elastically bendable supporting layer.

6. The buffer structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A heat insulation layer is arranged on the supporting layer.

7. The buffer structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material of the support layer includes plastic or metal.

8. The buffer structure according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The material of the heat insulation layer on the support layer includes fireproof material or phase change material.

9. The buffer structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: An elastic structure is arranged in the energy absorbing cavity.

10. The buffer structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The elastic structure includes ribs connecting the two side walls.

11. The buffer structure according to claim 10, characterized in that: The ribs are arranged obliquely relative to the side walls.

12. The buffer structure according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The elastic structure includes a foaming material filled in the energy absorbing cavity.

13. The buffer structure according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that: The elastic structure includes a liquid filled in the energy absorbing cavity.

14. The buffer structure according to claim 13, characterized in that: The buffer structure further includes a current collecting member with a flow channel therein, the current collecting members are respectively installed at both ends of the heat insulation board, and the flow channel of the current collecting member is connected to the energy absorption cavity; One of the current collecting parts is provided with a liquid inlet pipe, and the other current collecting part is provided with a liquid outlet pipe; Alternatively, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe are installed on one of the current collecting members.

15. The buffer structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The energy absorbing cavity is a vacuum cavity.

16. The buffer structure according to claim 15, characterized in that: Plugs are respectively installed at both ends of the heat insulation plate, and the plugs seal the ends of the energy absorption cavity.

17. The buffer structure according to claim 16, characterized in that: At least one of the seals is provided with a vacuum connection.

18. A battery, characterized in that: Comprising the buffer structure as described in any one of claims 1-17.

19. The battery according to claim 18, characterized in that The battery further includes a plurality of battery cells, and the buffer structure is disposed between adjacent battery cells.

20. An electrical device, characterized in that: It comprises the buffer structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 17, or comprises the battery as claimed in claim 18 or 19.

Images