Airflow dividing module and battery pack
By designing a split airflow module in the battery pack, the thermal runaway substance is directed to the adjacent diversion bulge using the diversion bulge and the diversion surface, the diversion and deduction of the airflow and ejection are realized, and the problem of poor handling of the airflow and ejection when the thermal runaway of the battery pack is solved, improving safety and effectiveness.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421174892.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-24
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively deal with the airflow and ejections generated when the battery pack is thermally out of control, resulting in the failure of thermally out of control substances to be safely and effectively, which may cause serious consequences such as battery ignition and explosion.
An airflow splitting module is designed, including a divided gas structure member and a plurality of battery cells. A flow guide drum is provided at the bottom of each battery cell. A flow guide surface is formed between the flow guide drums, which is used to guide thermally disconnected substances to adjacent flow guide drums, forming an air flow diverting and derivation effect.
Through the design of the airflow split module, the airflow and ejection generated by thermal runaway can be diverted between multiple flow guide bulges, effectively reducing the impact of the airflow and ejection on other battery cells and avoiding the explosion of thermal runaway energy.
Smart Images
Figure CN222775529U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of battery packs, and in particular to an air flow distribution module and a battery pack. Background Art
[0002] Thermal runaway refers to the phenomenon that the battery temperature rises uncontrollably due to the chain reaction of heat release from battery cells. When the temperature inside the battery rises to a certain level, it triggers a series of chemical reactions, which will generate a large amount of heat, causing the battery temperature to rise further, thus forming a vicious cycle, which may eventually lead to serious consequences such as battery fire and explosion. The process of thermal runaway of the battery cell usually starts with the decomposition of the negative electrode SEI film in the battery cell, followed by the decomposition and melting of the diaphragm, the reaction of the negative electrode with the electrolyte, and the decomposition of the positive electrode and the electrolyte, causing a large-scale internal short circuit, which then spreads to other cells, causing serious thermal runaway and causing the entire battery pack to spontaneously combust.
[0003] In order to prevent thermal runaway of battery cells, people have proposed a variety of methods, including the use of thermal management technology, such as setting safety valves, installing thermistors, using BMS for precise thermal management, using water cooling or air cooling to cool the battery, etc. However, these methods are costly and cannot safely and effectively handle the airflow and ejection generated by thermal runaway. Utility Model Content
[0004] The objectives of the present utility model include, for example, providing an airflow distribution module which can improve the problem that the airflow and substances ejected by thermal runaway of the battery pack are not handled safely and effectively.
[0005] The purpose of the utility model also includes providing a battery pack that can improve the problem that the airflow and substances ejected by the battery pack due to thermal runaway are not safely and effectively handled.
[0006] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:
[0007] An embodiment of the utility model provides a gas flow module, including a gas splitting structure and a plurality of battery cells, wherein the plurality of battery cells are distributed in an array; the gas splitting structure is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery cells, and the gas splitting structure is provided with a plurality of guide bulges, wherein the plurality of guide bulges correspond one-to-one to the bottoms of the plurality of battery cells, and each of the guide bulges is provided with a guide surface, and the guide surface of each of the guide bulges is used to guide the thermal runaway substances generated by the corresponding battery cell to the guide surface of the adjacent guide bulge.
[0008] In addition, the airflow module provided in the embodiment of the utility model may also have the following additional technical features:
[0009] Optionally, the guide bulge has a polygonal pyramid structure, and the top of the guide bulge corresponds to the bottom of the battery cell.
[0010] Optionally, each edge of the guide bulge is a curved surface.
[0011] Optionally, the plurality of guide bulges are divided into a plurality of rows of bulge groups spaced apart from each other; in two adjacent rows of bulge groups, the edges of the guide bulges of one row of bulge groups correspond to between two adjacent guide bulges of another row of bulge groups, and the edges of the guide bulges of the other row of bulge groups correspond to between two adjacent guide bulges of one row of bulge groups.
[0012] Optionally, the split gas structure is further provided with a plurality of guide holes; the plurality of guide holes are arranged between the plurality of guide bulges, and the guide holes are used to guide the thermal runaway substances to the outside of the split gas structure.
[0013] Optionally, an edge of the gas-splitting structure is rolled toward a side close to the plurality of battery cells to form a curled edge, and a plurality of drainage holes are provided on the curled edge.
[0014] Optionally, the gas flow module also includes a support member; the support member is arranged between the plurality of battery cells and the gas separation structure, and the support member is provided with a plurality of outlet holes, each of the outlet holes is correspondingly arranged between the bottom of the battery cell and the guide bulge, and the guide hole is used to guide the thermal runaway material to the guide bulge.
[0015] Optionally, the split air structure is further provided with a plurality of support bulges; the plurality of support bulges are arranged between the plurality of guide bulges, and the plurality of support bulges are used to support the support member so that a guide gap is formed between the guide hole and the guide bulge.
[0016] Optionally, the supporting bulge includes a supporting surface and an arc surface surrounding and supporting the supporting surface.
[0017] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises a shell and a split airflow module, wherein the split airflow module is arranged in the shell, and a gap is formed between the split air structure and the shell.
[0018] The beneficial effects of the air flow module and the battery pack of the embodiment of the utility model include, for example:
[0019] The split air flow module includes a split air structure and multiple battery cells, and the multiple battery cells are distributed in an array; the split air structure is arranged at the bottom of the multiple battery cells, and the split air structure is provided with multiple flow guide bulges, and the multiple flow guide bulges correspond to the bottoms of the multiple battery cells one by one, and each flow guide bulge is provided with a flow guide surface, and the flow guide surface of each flow guide bulge is used to guide the thermal runaway substances generated by the corresponding battery cell to the flow guide surface of the adjacent flow guide bulge. A flow guide bulge is arranged at the bottom of each battery cell, and the airflow or ejection generated by thermal runaway can be diverted between the multiple flow guide bulges and then exported, effectively reducing the impact of the airflow and ejection on other battery cells.
[0020] The battery pack includes the above-mentioned airflow distribution module, which can improve the problem that the airflow and materials ejected by thermal runaway of the battery pack are not safely and effectively handled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the utility model and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack provided in this embodiment;
[0023] Figure 2 A front view of the battery pack provided in this embodiment;
[0024] Figure 3 An exploded view of the battery pack provided in this embodiment;
[0025] Figure 4 A bottom view of a split air structure in the split air flow module provided in this embodiment;
[0026] Figure 5 A bottom view of the air flow dividing structure in the air flow dividing module provided in the present embodiment with the air flow guiding holes arranged therein.
[0027] Icons: 10-battery pack; 11-module cover; 12-gas flow module; 100-battery cell; 200-gas splitting structure; 210-flow guide bulge; 211-flow guide surface; 220-flow guide hole; 230-support bulge; 240-drain hole; 300-support member; 310-export hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.
[0031] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when used. It is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model.
[0032] In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish between the descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0033] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other.
[0034] Combine the following Figures 1 to 5 The air flow splitting module 12 provided in this embodiment is described in detail.
[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4An embodiment of the utility model provides a split air flow module 12, including a split air structure 200 and a plurality of battery cells 100, wherein the plurality of battery cells 100 are arranged in an array; the split air structure 200 is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery cells 100, and the split air structure 200 is provided with a plurality of guide bulges 210, and the plurality of guide bulges 210 correspond one-to-one to the bottoms of the plurality of battery cells 100, and each guide bulge 210 is provided with a guide surface 211, and the guide surface 211 of each guide bulge 210 is used to guide the thermal runaway substances generated by the corresponding battery cell 100 to the guide surface 211 of the adjacent guide bulge 210.
[0036] A guide bulge 210 is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of each battery cell 100, and each guide bulge 210 has an adjacent guide bulge 210. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 100, the airflow or ejecta generated by the thermal runaway can flow to the guide bulge 210, and then flow along the guide surface 211 of the guide bulge 210 to the next adjacent guide bulge 210, and then be guided by the guide surface 211 of the next guide bulge 210 to the guide surface 211 of the next guide bulge 210. In this way, after being guided in sequence by multiple guide bulges 210, the kinetic energy of the thermal runaway airflow and ejecta can be reduced, and the thermal runaway energy explosion can be avoided. At the same time, multiple guide bulges 210 divide the airflow, which will not flow and affect other battery cells 100, and effectively reduce the impact of the airflow and ejecta on other battery cells 100.
[0037] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the guide bulge 210 is a polygonal pyramid structure, and the top of the guide bulge 210 corresponds to the bottom of the battery cell 100. A guide bulge 210 with a polygonal pyramid structure is arranged at the bottom of each battery cell 100. The top of the pyramid structure can guide the airflow and ejecta generated by thermal runaway downward, and guide the airflow and ejecta to the adjacent guide bulge 210 by the guide surface 211 of the polygonal pyramid structure, and then guide the airflow between multiple guide bulges 210 in turn, so as to achieve the effect of dividing the airflow, reducing kinetic energy, and releasing energy; multiple guide bulges 210 guide the airflow in turn, and will not flow into the next battery cell 100, and can also block the influence of the airflow on other battery cells 100. The polygonal pyramid structure is adopted, and the polygonal pyramid structure has a pyramid surface, which can play a guiding role, and guides the airflow and ejecta regularly, and will not cause thermal runaway explosion.
[0038] Specifically, the guide surface 211 refers to the surface on the guide bulge 210 that can guide and divert flow. The guide bulge 210 adopts a multi-faceted pyramid structure. The guide surface 211 can be an edge surface and the arc edge mentioned below, which refers to a surface that can guide the flow direction of thermal runaway airflow and ejecta.
[0039] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, each edge of the guide bulge 210 is an arc surface. The use of the arc surface can reduce the flow resistance of the airflow and the ejected material, and can more smoothly guide the flow to the next guide bulge 210, so that the thermal runaway material can be guided between multiple guide bulges 210 in sequence, thereby improving the efficiency of the guide and quickly mitigating the impact of thermal runaway.
[0040] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, multiple guide bulges 210 are divided into multiple rows of bulge groups arranged at intervals; in two adjacent rows of bulge groups, the edges of the guide bulges 210 in one row of bulge groups correspond to between two adjacent guide bulges 210 in the other row of bulge groups, and the edges of the guide bulges 210 in the other row of bulge groups correspond to between two adjacent guide bulges 210 in one row of bulge groups.
[0041] Multiple rows of bulge groups are arranged side by side and spaced apart along the width direction of the divided gas structure 200. Any one of the guide bulges 210 between two rows of bulge groups is correspondingly arranged between two guide bulges 210 of another row of bulge groups, and the edges and edge surfaces of the guide bulges 210 of the two rows of bulge groups correspond differently, the edge surfaces of one row of bulge groups correspond to the guide bulges 210 of the other row of bulge groups, and the edges of the other row of bulge groups correspond to the guide bulges 210 of one row of bulge groups. Such an arrangement can improve the efficiency and effect of guiding the thermal runaway substances, reduce the impact on the battery cells, and facilitate the outward conduction of the thermal runaway substances.
[0042] Reference Figure 5 In this embodiment, the split gas structure 200 is further provided with a plurality of guide holes 220 ; the plurality of guide holes 220 are arranged between the plurality of guide bulges 210 , and the guide holes 220 are used to guide the thermal runaway substances to the outside of the split gas structure 200 .
[0043] A guide hole 220 is provided between the plurality of guide bulges 210. When the thermal runaway airflow and ejecta are guided between the plurality of guide bulges 210 and flow to the guide hole 220, they are guided out to the outside of the split air structure 200 by the guide hole 220, thereby further alleviating the thermal runaway airflow and ejecta energy between the two guide bulges 210, achieving the purpose of splitting the airflow multiple times and improving the guide effect.
[0044] The bottom plate of the housing is located below the split gas structure 200 . There is a gap between the bottom plate of the housing and the split gas structure 200 . The airflow and ejected matter guided out from the guide holes 220 flow to the inner side of the bottom plate of the housing and then guided out.
[0045] Specifically, any four diversion bulges 210 are distributed in a prismatic shape, and the diversion holes 220 and the supporting bulges 230 mentioned below are selectively arranged between the four diversion bulges 210. For example, a supporting bulge 230 is arranged between some four diversion bulges 210, and a diversion hole 220 is arranged between some four diversion bulges 210.
[0046] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the edge of the split gas structure 200 is rolled toward the side close to the multiple battery cells 100 to form a curling edge, and a plurality of drainage holes 240 are provided on the curling edge.
[0047] The airflow and ejected matter generated by thermal runaway are guided in sequence by the plurality of guide bulges 210 and finally discharged from the drain holes 240 at the edge of the split gas structure 200 , without affecting the internal environment of the split gas structure 200 and the battery cells.
[0048] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the gas flow module 12 further includes a support member 300; the support member 300 is disposed between the plurality of battery cells 100 and the gas separation structure 200, and the support member 300 is provided with a plurality of outlet holes 310, each outlet hole 310 is correspondingly disposed between the bottom of the battery cell 100 and the guide bulge 210, and the outlet hole 310 is used to guide the thermal runaway material to the guide bulge 210.
[0049] The outlet hole 310 on the support member 300 is used to correspond to the bottom of the battery cell 100 , and is used to guide the airflow and ejected matter generated by thermal runaway, and then guide them outward through the guide bulge 210 .
[0050] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the split air structure 200 is also provided with a plurality of support bulges 230 ; the plurality of support bulges 230 are arranged between the plurality of guide bulges 210 , and the plurality of support bulges 230 are used to support the support member 300 so that a guide gap is formed between the guide hole 310 and the guide bulge 210 .
[0051] There are battery cells on the support member 300, and the support member 300 is provided with a lead-out hole 310. The support bulge 230 is supported between the support member 300 and the gas-splitting structure 200. The support bulge 230 supports the support member 300 and the battery cells 100, thereby increasing the height difference between the lead-out hole 310 of the support member 300 and the guide bulge 210, so that the guide bulge 210 does not completely block the lead-out hole 310, but forms a gap with the lead-out hole 310, and the airflow and ejecta generated by thermal runaway flow from the lead-out gap to the surface of the guide bulge 210, and are then guided by the guide bulge 210.
[0052] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the support bulge 230 includes a support surface and an arc surface surrounding the support surface. The support surface is in smooth contact with the support member 300 or the bottom surface of the battery cell 100, and the arc surface also plays a role in guiding and diverting the airflow and ejected matter.
[0053] The embodiment of the utility model further provides a battery pack 10. The battery pack 10 includes a shell and a split airflow module 12. The split airflow module 12 is arranged in the shell, and a gap is formed between the split air structure 200 and the shell. The airflow and ejected matter guided out from the guide hole 220 on the split air structure 200 are guided into the gap and then guided out.
[0054] The housing further includes a module cover plate 11, which is sealed on the top of the plurality of battery cells 100. The battery pack 10 further includes a liquid cooling pipe, which is fixed between the inner side of the module cover plate 11 and the plurality of battery cells 100.
[0055] According to a split airflow module 12 provided in this embodiment, the working principle of the split airflow module 12 is: according to the distance between different battery cells 100, whether there is potting glue in the module, and whether there is a special structure of the bottom support 300 of the battery cell 100, it is protected. By setting a plurality of guide bulges 210 at the bottom of a plurality of battery cells 100, the airflow and ejected matter generated by thermal runaway are diverted and guided out in the form of the guide bulges 210, which effectively reduces the influence of the airflow and ejected matter on other battery cells 100.
[0056] The air flow module 12 provided in this embodiment has at least the following advantages:
[0057] A guide bulge 210 is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of each battery cell 100. The airflow or ejecta generated by thermal runaway can be diverted among multiple guide bulges 210 and then discharged, effectively mitigating the impact of the airflow and ejecta on other battery cells 100.
[0058] The above is only a specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A split airflow module, characterized in that: include: A plurality of battery cells (100), wherein the plurality of battery cells (100) are distributed in an array; and a split gas structure (200), wherein the split gas structure (200) is arranged at the bottom of the plurality of battery cells (100), the split gas structure (200) is provided with a plurality of flow guide bulges (210), the plurality of flow guide bulges (210) correspond one-to-one to the bottoms of the plurality of battery cells (100), each of the flow guide bulges (210) is provided with a flow guide surface (211), and the flow guide surface (211) of each of the flow guide bulges (210) is used to guide thermal runaway substances generated by the corresponding battery cell (100) to the flow guide surface (211) of the adjacent flow guide bulge (210).
2. The air flow module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding bulge (210) is in a multi-faceted pyramid structure, and the top of the pyramid of the flow guiding bulge (210) corresponds to the bottom of the battery cell (100).
3. The air flow module according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each edge of the guide bulge (210) is in the form of an arc surface.
4. The air flow module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of guide bulges (210) are divided into a plurality of rows of bulge groups arranged at intervals; in two adjacent rows of bulge groups, the edges of the guide bulges (210) of one row of the bulge groups correspond to between two adjacent guide bulges (210) of the other row of the bulge groups, and the edges of the guide bulges (210) of the other row of the bulge groups correspond to between two adjacent guide bulges (210) of the one row of the bulge groups.
5. The air flow module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The split gas structure (200) is further provided with a plurality of guide holes (220); the plurality of guide holes (220) are arranged between the plurality of guide bulges (210), and the guide holes (220) are used to guide thermal runaway substances to the outside of the split gas structure (200).
6. The air flow module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The edge of the split gas structure (200) is rolled toward a side close to the plurality of battery cells (100) to form a rolled edge, and a plurality of drain holes (240) are provided on the rolled edge.
7. The air flow module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The split air flow module further comprises a support member (300); the support member (300) is arranged between the plurality of battery cells (100) and the split air structure member (200); the support member (300) is provided with a plurality of outlet holes (310); each outlet hole (310) is correspondingly arranged between the bottom of the battery cell (100) and the flow guide bulge (210); the outlet hole (310) is used to guide the thermal runaway material to the flow guide bulge (210).
8. The air flow module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The split air structure (200) is further provided with a plurality of support bulges (230); the plurality of support bulges (230) are arranged between the plurality of flow guide bulges (210), and the plurality of support bulges (230) are used to support the support member (300) so that a lead-out gap is formed between the lead-out hole (310) and the flow guide bulge (210).
9. The air flow module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The supporting bulge (230) comprises a supporting surface and an arc surface surrounding and supporting the supporting surface.
10. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack comprises a shell and a split airflow module according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the split airflow module is arranged in the shell, and a gap is formed between the split air structure (200) and the shell.