Airborne aerial seeding device of unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle airborne aerial seeding device which comprises a material box, a seeding assembly and a material guide part, and the seeding assembly sequentially comprises a separation bin, a seeding disc and a smashing part from top to bottom. A hollow separation cylinder is arranged in the separation bin, the separation cylinder is driven by a separation motor fixed above the separation bin to rotate at a high speed, and seeds are thrown out through centrifugal force; a convex block and a through hole communicated with the interior are arranged on the surface of the separation cylinder, and are matched with a negative pressure pipe (the bottom end of the negative pressure pipe adopts a bevel design) to be linked with an external negative pressure device, so that impurities mixed in the seeds are sucked in and separated in time; meanwhile, the brush strips arranged on the inner wall of the separation bin are used for continuously cleaning residues on the surfaces of the separation barrel and the convex blocks of the separation barrel, so that the seed outlet is smooth. The smashing component comprises a waste bin and a smashing cylinder which is arranged in the separating cylinder in a penetrating mode and provided with smashing blades in the circumferential direction, and the smashing component is used for smashing residual impurities. And all the parts adopt detachable connection structures, so that field disassembly, cleaning and maintenance are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural unmanned aerial vehicles, and in particular to an airborne seeding device carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of drone technology and its wide application in agriculture, plant protection, ecological restoration and other fields, drone-based precision seeding and plant protection operations have gradually become an important direction for the development of modern agriculture. With its high maneuverability, low-altitude flight and rapid response capabilities, drones can achieve efficient operations on large areas of farmland. Especially for rice seedling cultivation, the use of aerial seeding technology can significantly improve the efficiency of rice seed sowing.

[0003] Before rice is sown, it is usually necessary to go through the soaking, drying and cleaning processes to remove impurities in the seeds (such as chaff and barnyard grass seeds). However, due to the large number of rice seeds, it is difficult to completely remove all impurities during the cleaning process. Some impurities are still mixed in the processed rice seeds, affecting the quality of subsequent aerial seeding seedlings. Traditional aerial seeding devices mainly use high-speed rotating seeding discs to achieve seed throwing through centrifugal force. However, in this structure, since the mass of impurities is lighter than that of seeds, they are more likely to gather and adhere in the seeding disc, and even block the seed outlet, affecting the seeding of the seeding disc (resulting in uneven seeding and uncontrolled sowing density), thereby affecting the growth uniformity and seedling quality of rice.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design an unmanned aerial seeding device to meet the requirements of modern agriculture for high quality and high efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-mounted aerial seeding device, which can realize efficient, accurate and uniform aerial seeding of seeds, and effectively separate seeds from impurities, thereby reducing the risk of uneven sowing and equipment downtime caused by impurities blocking the seed outlet, and has the advantage of being easy to disassemble, clean and maintain on site, thereby greatly improving the overall efficiency and reliability of aerial seeding operations.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above problems is: an unmanned aerial vehicle airborne seeding device, including a material box, a seeding assembly and a material guide component for transporting seeds in the material box to the seeding assembly, the seeding assembly includes from top to bottom

[0007] The separation chamber is rotatably arranged in the hollow separation cylinder, the separation cylinder is axially connected with a separation motor for driving the separation motor to rotate, and the housing of the separation motor is fixedly arranged above the separation chamber;

[0008] The spreading plate is fixedly arranged below the separation bin, with a plurality of seed outlets opened in the circumferential direction, and a seed throwing bar is fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction at the end of the separation cylinder;

[0009] The crushing component is fixedly arranged below the spreading plate, and includes a waste bin and a crushing cylinder. The crushing cylinder is arranged in the separation cylinder, and its bottom end is connected and fixed to the waste bin through a bracket. A plurality of crushing blades are arranged around the crushing cylinder.

[0010] The separation cylinder is provided with a negative pressure pipe, the upper end of the negative pressure pipe is passed through the separation motor shaft, and the lower end extends into the waste bin. A negative pressure joint connected to the negative pressure pipe is provided on the shell of the separation motor, and a through hole connected to the interior of the separation cylinder is provided circumferentially.

[0011] Preferably: the inner wall of the separation bin is provided with a brush strip along the axial direction of the separation cylinder, the surface of the brush strip is arranged with bristles, and the contour of the bristles fits closely with the contour of the outer surface of the separation cylinder.

[0012] Preferably: the material guiding component includes a material guiding channel, a material guiding screw and a material guiding motor, the two ends of the material guiding channel are respectively connected to the material box and the separation bin, the material guiding screw is rotatably arranged in the material guiding channel, the material guiding motor is fixedly arranged outside the material guiding channel and its motor shaft is fixedly connected to the material guiding screw axis.

[0013] Preferably, the connections between the material box and the material guiding component, the material guiding component and the separation bin, and the spreading plate and the waste bin all adopt a detachable connection structure.

[0014] Preferably: a first air joint connected to the interior of the separation bin is disposed on one side of the separation bin, and a second air joint connected to the interior of the separation bin is disposed on the spreading disc.

[0015] Preferably, a feed inlet is provided on the top of the material box, a sealing cover is hinged on one side of the feed inlet, a circle of sealing strip is adhered and fixed to the feed inlet, and the sealing cover is provided with a sealing convex ring adapted to the profile of the feed inlet.

[0016] Preferably, the seed-swinging bar has an arc-shaped profile, and its swinging direction is toward the convex side of the arc.

[0017] Preferably, the bottom end of the negative pressure tube is designed with an oblique opening.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and effects:

[0019] The utility model arranges a hollow separation cylinder and a separation motor in the separation bin, so that the seeds are evenly thrown out under the action of centrifugal force; at the same time, by arranging a negative pressure tube in the separation cylinder and cooperating with an external negative pressure device (such as a portable vacuum pump or a vacuum cleaner) to form a stable negative pressure, impurities with smaller mass (such as chaff and barnyard grass seeds) are quickly sucked into the waste bin through the through holes arranged on the surface of the separation cylinder, while seeds with larger mass smoothly fall into the sowing disk and are evenly distributed by the seed throwing strips. The brush strips and bristle structures arranged along the axial direction of the separation cylinder on the inner wall of the separation bin can continuously remove the seeds, impurities and other residues attached to the surface of the separation cylinder during the rotation of the separation cylinder, and keep the through holes unobstructed. In addition, the bottom end of the negative pressure tube adopts an oblique mouth design, which increases the air intake cross-sectional area and reduces the risk of blockage; the material guide components and the components are all equipped with a detachable connection structure, which is convenient for on-site disassembly, cleaning and maintenance, thereby maintaining the operation continuity of the equipment. The utility model can separate and remove the residual impurities in the seeds, and is convenient for cleaning, which meets the use requirements of modern agriculture for aerial seeding operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The utility model is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an airborne seeding device carried by a drone in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 The utility model is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an airborne seeding device carried by a drone in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a side view of an airborne seeding device carried by a drone according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 The utility model is a bottom view of an airborne seeding device mounted on a drone according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Structural cross-sectional view of the middle spreading assembly AA.

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A local enlarged view of the area marked B.

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A local enlarged view of the area marked C.

[0027] Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A local enlarged view of the area marked D in the middle.

[0028] Figure numbers: material box 11, sowing assembly 12, material guiding component 13, separation bin 14, separation cylinder 15, separation motor 16, sowing plate 17, seed outlet 18, seed throwing bar 19, crushing component 21, waste bin 22, crushing cylinder 23, bracket 24, crushing blade 25, negative pressure pipe 26, negative pressure joint 27, through hole 28, pipeline 31, negative pressure device 32, dust collecting box 33, protrusion 34, brush strip 35, bristles 36, material guiding channel 37, material guiding screw 38, material guiding motor 39, first air joint 41, second air joint 42, feed inlet 43, sealing cover 44, sealing strip 45, sealing convex ring 46, block 47, buckle 48. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through examples. The following examples are provided to explain the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0030] Example:

[0031] See also Figure 1 - Figure 8 In this embodiment, a drone-mounted aerial sowing device is provided, which is specifically used for sowing agricultural seeds (such as rice seeds) in cooperation with a drone, and specifically includes a material box 11, a sowing assembly 12, and a material guide component 13 for transporting the seeds in the material box 11 to the sowing assembly 12. The sowing assembly 12 includes, from top to bottom,

[0032] The separation chamber 14 is rotatably disposed in a hollow separation cylinder 15, and the separation cylinder 15 is axially connected with a separation motor 16 for driving the separation motor 16 to rotate. The housing of the separation motor 16 is fixedly disposed above the separation chamber 14;

[0033] The spreading plate 17 is fixedly arranged below the separation chamber 14 and has a plurality of seed outlets 18 circumferentially formed therein. The end of the separation cylinder 15 is circumferentially fixedly provided with seed throwing bars 19;

[0034] The crushing component 21 is fixedly arranged below the spreading plate 17, and includes a waste bin 22 and a crushing cylinder 23. The crushing cylinder 23 is arranged in the separation cylinder 15, and its bottom end is connected and fixed to the waste bin 22 through a bracket 24. The crushing cylinder 23 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of crushing blades 25;

[0035] The separation cylinder 15 is provided with a negative pressure tube 26, the separation motor 16 adopts a double-shaft motor, and its rotating shaft adopts a hollow tubular structure, the upper end of the negative pressure tube 26 is passed through the rotating shaft of the separation motor 16, and the lower end extends into the waste bin 22, and the shell of the separation motor 16 is provided with a negative pressure connector 27 connected to the negative pressure tube 26, and the separation cylinder 15 is circumferentially provided with a through hole 28 connected to its interior.

[0036] Specifically, in this embodiment, during use, the pre-treated seeds are first loaded into the material box 11, and these pre-cleaned seeds are still mixed with a small amount of impurities, and then the seeds are continuously and stably transported to the inside of the sowing component 12 through the material guide component 13. The sowing component 12 separates the seeds from the impurities through the separation bin 14, and the sowing disc 17 is used to spread the separated seeds. The negative pressure pipe 26 is arranged in the separation cylinder 15, and the negative pressure joint 27 is connected to the external negative pressure device 32 (a portable vacuum pump, a vacuum cleaner, etc. and adapted to be equipped with a dust box 33 for storing impurities) through a pipeline 31, so that negative pressure is formed inside the separation cylinder 15.

[0037] The surface of the separation cylinder 15 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 34, which collide with seeds and impurities, and the seeds and impurities after the collision generate tangential velocity. The surface of the separation cylinder 15 is provided with through holes 28 connected to the inside thereof, and the through holes 28 are arranged at the gaps between adjacent protrusions 34. Impurities with smaller mass are sucked into the separation cylinder 15 through the through holes 28 under the action of negative pressure and captured, while seeds with larger mass escape the negative pressure area of ​​the separation bin 14 and continue to fall downward into the sowing plate 17 below, and finally the seeds are pushed and thrown out of the seed outlet 18 by the seed throwing bar 19 of the separation cylinder 15 to achieve sowing. This embodiment sucks the residual impurities mixed in the seeds into the waste bin 22 by negative pressure suction and removes them, thereby improving the seedling quality of seed flying.

[0038] See also Figure 5 The material guiding component 13 includes a material guiding channel 37, a material guiding screw 38 and a material guiding motor 39. The material guiding motor 39 in this embodiment adopts a servo motor. The two ends of the material guiding channel 37 are respectively connected with the material box 11 and the separation bin 14, wherein the feed end of the material guiding channel 37 is connected with the discharge port of the material box 11, and the discharge end is connected with one side of the separation bin 14. The material guiding screw 38 is rotatably arranged in the material guiding channel 37, and the material guiding motor 39 is fixedly arranged outside the material guiding channel 37 and its motor shaft is axially connected and fixed to the material guiding screw 38. The material guiding motor 39 drives the material guiding screw 38 to rotate, and continuously transports the seeds falling from the discharge port of the material box 11 to the separation bin 14.

[0039] In this embodiment, the connections between the material box 11 and the material guide component 13, the material guide component 13 and the separation bin 14, and the spreading plate 17 and the waste bin 22 all adopt a detachable connection structure. This embodiment adopts a bolt and nut connection structure. Through the detachable structure design, the above-mentioned components can be separated from each other and stored independently in the non-operating stage for easy transportation, and are also convenient for disassembly for cleaning and maintenance after the aerial seeding operation is completed. A first air connector 41 connected to the interior of the separation bin 14 is provided on one side thereof, and a second air connector 42 connected to the interior thereof is provided on the spreading plate 17. After the flying seeding is completed, impurities remain on the inner wall of the spreading assembly 12 (separation bin 14, spreading plate 17, waste bin 22, etc.) and need to be cleaned. The separation bin 14 and the material guide component 13, the waste bin 22 and the spreading plate 17 are disassembled and separated, and the residual impurities in the waste bin 22 are dumped. After the dumping is completed, compressed air is introduced into the first air connector 41, the second air connector 42 and the negative pressure pipe 26, and the residual impurities on the inner wall of the separation bin 14 and the spreading plate 17 are also blown out from the seed outlet 18.

[0040] See also Figure 6 In this embodiment, the bottom end of the negative pressure tube 26 adopts an oblique design, which increases the air intake cross-sectional area of ​​the negative pressure tube 26 to reduce the risk of blockage, so that the external negative pressure device 32 is smoother in the process of sucking in waste and impurities. The seed-swinging bar 19 adopts an arc-shaped profile. When the separation motor 16 rotates (for example, clockwise), it drives the separation cylinder 15 to drive the seed-brushing bar to swing toward its arc-shaped convex side. The seed-swinging bar 19 can be made of elastic or flexible materials, and the rotation speed of the separation motor 16 needs to be limited (300-800r / min) to avoid damage to the seeds during swinging. In addition, since the negative pressure tube 26 passes through the crushing cylinder 23, its lower end is arranged in the waste bin 22 located below the separation cylinder 15, so that the impurities sucked into the separation cylinder 15 can continue to accumulate in the waste bin 22 below. The crushing barrel 23 is fixed on the spreading plate 17 and forms relative rotation with the separation barrel 15, so that the crushing blade 25 on the crushing barrel 23 can cut and crush the impurities in the process of downward accumulation. The bracket 24 is provided with an impurity leakage port, and the crushed impurities can enter the waste bin 22 from above the bracket 24, so that the crushed impurities can be more easily extracted by the negative pressure device 32, and the impurities are crushed to avoid blockage of the negative pressure pipe 26.

[0041] See also Figure 7In the process of separating seeds from impurities, the separation cylinder 15 is always in contact with the separation cylinder 15 and is easy to adhere to the impurities. Some impurities may also cause the through hole 28 to be blocked. In this embodiment, the inner wall of the separation chamber 14 is provided with a brush strip 35 along the axial direction of the separation cylinder 15. The surface of the brush strip 35 is arranged with bristles 36. The contour of the bristles 36 fits the contour of the outer surface of the separation cylinder 15 and its protrusion 34. The outer surface of the separation cylinder 15 can be cleaned once by the bristles 36 every time the separation cylinder 15 rotates one circle. The seeds, impurities and residues attached to the surface of the separation cylinder 15 and the protrusion 34 are continuously wiped by the bristles 36, so that the through hole 28 remains unobstructed and the negative pressure state in the separation chamber 14 is maintained.

[0042] See also Figure 8 , a feed port 43 is provided on the top of the material box 11, a sealing cover 44 is hinged on one side of the feed port 43, and a circle of sealing strip 45 is pasted and fixed to the feed port 43, the sealing cover 44 is provided with a sealing convex ring 46 that matches the profile of the feed port 43, a clamping block 47 is provided on the opening side of the feed port 43, and the sealing cover 44 is provided with a buckle 48 that is clamped and matched with the clamping block 47. During the flying seeding operation of the UAV, the machine body will be affected by the high-frequency vibration generated by the operation of its own motor and external wind and other factors. The buckle 48 of the sealing cover 44 is clamped with the feed port 43 to ensure that the sealing cover 44 is firmly fixed when closed. At the same time, when the sealing cover 44 is closed, the sealing strip 45 at the feed port 43 is squeezed and fitted with its sealing convex ring 46 to form a sealing effect, preventing external dust from entering the material box 11, maintaining the purity of the seeds, and further improving the sowing quality.

[0043] The above contents described in this specification are merely examples of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art of the present utility model may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or replace them in similar ways, as long as they do not deviate from the contents of the present utility model specification or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An airborne seeding device for an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a material box, a sowing assembly, and a material guide component for conveying seeds in the material box to the sowing assembly, characterized in that: The spreading assembly includes from top to bottom The separation chamber is rotatably arranged in the hollow separation cylinder, the separation cylinder is axially connected with a separation motor for driving the separation motor to rotate, and the housing of the separation motor is fixedly arranged above the separation chamber; The spreading plate is fixedly arranged below the separation bin, with a plurality of seed outlets opened in the circumferential direction, and a seed throwing bar is fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction at the end of the separation cylinder; The crushing component is fixedly arranged below the spreading plate, and includes a waste bin and a crushing cylinder. The crushing cylinder is arranged in the separation cylinder, and its bottom end is connected and fixed to the waste bin through a bracket. A plurality of crushing blades are arranged around the crushing cylinder. The separation cylinder is provided with a negative pressure pipe, the upper end of the negative pressure pipe is passed through the separation motor shaft, and the lower end extends into the waste bin. A negative pressure joint connected to the negative pressure pipe is provided on the shell of the separation motor, and a through hole connected to the interior of the separation cylinder is provided circumferentially.

2. The drone-mounted aerial seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the separation bin is provided with a brush strip along the axial direction of the separation cylinder, and the surface of the brush strip is arranged with bristles, and the contour of the bristles is closely matched with the contour of the outer surface of the separation cylinder.

3. The drone-mounted aerial seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material guiding component includes a material guiding channel, a material guiding screw and a material guiding motor. The two ends of the material guiding channel are respectively connected to the material box and the separation bin. The material guiding screw is rotatably arranged in the material guiding channel. The material guiding motor is fixedly arranged outside the material guiding channel and its motor shaft is fixedly connected to the material guiding screw shaft.

4. The drone-mounted aerial seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connections between the material box and the material guide component, the material guide component and the separation bin, and the spreading plate and the waste bin all adopt a detachable connection structure.

5. The drone-mounted aerial seeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first air joint connected to the interior of the separation bin is disposed on one side of the separation bin, and a second air joint connected to the interior of the separation bin is disposed on the spreading disc.

6. The drone-mounted aerial seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed inlet is provided on the top of the material box, a sealing cover is hinged on one side of the feed inlet, a circle of sealing strip is pasted and fixed on the feed inlet, and the sealing cover is provided with a sealing convex ring matched with the profile of the feed inlet.

7. The drone-mounted aerial seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed-swinging bar adopts an arc-shaped profile, and its swinging direction is toward the convex side of the arc.

8. The drone-mounted aerial seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the negative pressure tube adopts an oblique opening design.

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