Solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device

Abstract

The utility model relates to equipment used in the drying process, and discloses a solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device which comprises a solar air system, a heat pump hot water system and a drying chamber. The solar air system comprises a heat collection plate, and an air inlet and an air outlet of the heat collection plate are communicated with the drying chamber to form an air circulation channel. The heat pump hot water system comprises a heat pump system and a hot water system; the heat pump system is provided with a refrigerant internal circulation channel, the hot water system is provided with a water circulation channel, the heat pump system and the hot water system are provided with a common externally-wound coil pipe type condenser, and heat energy in the heat pump system is transmitted to the hot water system; the hot water system is provided with a horizontal concealed fan coil unit and is mounted in the drying chamber; a gas outlet of the drying chamber is connected to an evaporator of the heat pump system; and the evaporator is connected to the side of the horizontal concealed fan coil unit. The device has the characteristics of high efficiency, low energy consumption and high quality of dried materials; and a drying operation mode can be selected as required.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to equipment used in the drying process of agricultural product raw materials, in particular to a solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device. Background Art

[0002] Hot air drying can improve the preservation of food. The heat energy of hot air is usually provided by a heat pump dryer. The low-temperature air is heated to form hot air to heat the dried material, causing its moisture to evaporate, thereby achieving the purpose of drying. The primary advantage of a heat pump dryer is its reliable quality and stable operation, and it can meet the continuous production requirements of customers. Another great advantage of a heat pump dryer is that it can adjust the drying time by itself, and can use the heat discharged during drying for circulating heating, thereby effectively improving drying efficiency and saving energy. Normally, the operating cost is only 30% of that of an electric dryer, and a heat pump dryer does not require consumption of other materials.

[0003] Compared with natural drying, solar drying has many advantages: (1) shortened drying time; (2) the drying process is basically controllable; (3) the drying process is completed indoors, reducing pollution from external conditions and ensuring the quality of dried materials; (4) it can improve environmental hygiene and is beneficial to the protection of the surrounding environment. However, single solar drying also has its obvious shortcomings. For example, it will be restricted by day and night, altitude, season, and climate conditions, which will affect the heat collection performance of the solar drying system, causing large fluctuations in temperature and humidity in the drying room, making it difficult to carry out the predetermined drying process. In order for the solar drying system to achieve stable and continuous drying operations, it is usually necessary to equip it with an auxiliary heat source or a solar thermal storage device according to the drying process.

[0004] At present, solar drying has a relatively complex structure, which leads to high costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] Solar energy drying and heat pump drying are both energy-saving drying technologies. In order to make up for the limitations of single solar energy and heat pump drying, the utility model combines the two to form a solar heat pump combined drying technology, which not only takes advantage of both, but also overcomes their disadvantages. It also combines the solar air system with the heat pump hot water system, simplifies the structure of the device, improves the efficiency of hot air drying and reduces equipment costs.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device, comprising a solar air system, a heat pump hot water system, and a drying chamber;

[0008] The solar air system comprises a heat collecting plate, the air inlet and the air outlet of the heat collecting plate are respectively connected to the drying chamber to form an air circulation channel;

[0009] The heat pump hot water system comprises a heat pump system and a hot water system;

[0010] The heat pump system has a refrigerant internal circulation channel, the hot water system has a water circulation channel, the heat pump system and the hot water system have a common external coil condenser, and heat energy in the heat pump system is transferred to the hot water system through heat exchange through the external coil condenser;

[0011] The hot water system has a horizontal concealed fan coil unit installed in the drying room;

[0012] The gas outlet of the drying chamber is connected to the evaporator of the heat pump system through a delivery channel; the evaporator is connected to the side of the horizontal concealed fan coil unit through another delivery channel.

[0013] Optionally, in the solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device, there are at least two heat collecting plates, and all the heat collecting plates are connected in parallel.

[0014] Optionally, in the solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device, the solar air system also has a multi-wing centrifugal fan for promoting air circulation between the drying chamber and the heat collecting plate.

[0015] Optionally, in the solar heat pump agricultural products combined drying device, the heat pump system is composed of the evaporator, the compressor, the coil of the external coil-type condenser, the filter and the electronic expansion valve connected in sequence on the pipeline to form a refrigerant internal circulation channel.

[0016] Optionally, in the solar heat pump agricultural products combined drying device, the refrigerant is Freon-22.

[0017] Optionally, in the solar heat pump agricultural products combined drying device, the hot water system is composed of a cold and hot water circulation shielded water pump, a horizontal concealed fan coil unit, and an externally wound coil condenser installed in sequence on the water pipe from the outlet of the expansion water tank to the inlet of the expansion water tank to form a water circulation channel.

[0018] Optionally, in the solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device, a filter, a pressure gauge, a ball valve and a rotor flow meter are also provided on the pipeline of the hot water system.

[0019] Optionally, in the solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device, a plurality of three-way water pipe joints are further provided on the pipeline of the hot water system, and the tap water pipe, the drain valve and the liquid level meter are respectively connected through the three-way water pipe joints.

[0020] Optionally, in the solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device, an air flow distribution plate and / or a dehumidifier are provided in the drying chamber.

[0021] Optionally, in the solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device, a plurality of air valves are installed on the conveying channel of the solar air system.

[0022] Optionally, the delivery channel is a pipeline.

[0023] Optionally, the object dried by the device of the utility model is agricultural products.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The solar heat pump agricultural product joint drying device consists of a solar air heat collection system and an air source heat pump hot water system in parallel, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, low energy consumption, and excellent quality of dried materials. The heat pump hot water system can be used alone or in combination with the solar air system. The solar air system can also be used alone, with dehumidification and heating functions, which can achieve uniform and rapid drying of materials, and can select the drying operation mode according to needs. And the entire device has a simple structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device;

[0027] The serial numbers in the figure are as follows: 1. Drying chamber; 2. Heat collecting plate; 3. Air flow distribution plate; 4. Dehumidifier; 5. Multi-blade centrifugal fan; 6. Horizontal concealed fan coil unit; 7. Third air valve; 8. Second air valve; 9. First air valve; 10. Fourth air valve; 11. Expansion water tank; 12. Filter; 13. Cold and hot water circulation shielded water pump; 14. Pressure gauge; 15. Ball valve; 16. Rotor flowmeter; 17. Three-way water pipe joint A; 18. Three-way water pipe joint B; 19. External coil condenser; 20. Three-way water pipe joint C; 21. Vent valve; 22. Three-way water pipe joint D; 23. Liquid level gauge; 24. Tap water pipe; 25. Evaporator; 26. Evaporator fan; 27. Waste heat air; 28. Compressor; 29. ​​Filter; 30. Electronic expansion valve; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail in combination with the embodiments below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0029] The structure of the solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the device is mainly composed of a solar air system and a heat pump hot water system in parallel.

[0030] The solar air system consists of two heat collecting panels, a drying chamber, a multi-blade centrifugal fan, an air duct, an air valve, etc.; the two heat collecting panels 2 are connected in parallel, and the gas outlets of the two heat collecting panels 2 are connected to the gas inlet of the drying chamber 1 through an air duct, and a third air valve 7 is arranged on the air duct between the gas outlet of the heat collecting panel and the gas inlet of the drying chamber. When the third air valve 7 is opened, the hot air in the two heat collecting panels 2 can enter the drying chamber 1 through the air duct; the gas outlet of the multi-blade centrifugal fan 5 is connected to the gas inlet of the two heat collecting panels 2 through an air duct, and a first air valve 9 and a second air valve 10 are arranged on the air duct between the gas outlet of the multi-blade centrifugal fan 5 and the gas inlet of the two heat collecting panels 2. The air valve 8 and the first air valve 9 control the air intake of the two heat collecting plates at the same time. When the air valve 8 is closed, the gas cannot enter any heat collecting plate 2 from the multi-blade centrifugal fan 5. When the first air valve 9 is opened, the gas can enter at least one of the heat collecting plates from the multi-blade centrifugal fan 5. The second air valve 8 only controls the air intake of one of the heat collecting plates. When the first air valve 9 is opened and the second air valve 8 is closed, the gas can only enter one of the heat collecting plates from the multi-blade centrifugal fan 5. When the first air valve 9 is opened and the second air valve 8 is also opened, the gas can enter both heat collecting plates 2 from the multi-blade centrifugal fan 5. When the third air valve 7 is also opened, the gas flows from the heat collecting plate 2 to the drying chamber 1. The gas outlet of the drying chamber 1 is connected to the gas inlet of the multi-blade centrifugal fan 5 through a pipeline, so the hot and humid gas discharged from the drying chamber is dehumidified by the dehumidifier 4 and then recirculated to the heat collecting plate 2 through the multi-blade centrifugal fan 5 for heating. The materials to be dried (such as agricultural products) are placed in the drying chamber 1, and the hot air flows through the drying chamber to take away the moisture, thereby drying the materials. Two air flow distribution plates 3 are arranged in the drying chamber, one is close to the gas inlet of the drying chamber, and the other is close to the gas outlet of the drying chamber, and are located on the inner side of the horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6 (the side close to the material). The function of the air flow distribution plate is to make the hot air entering the drying chamber evenly distributed in the drying chamber, so as to achieve the purpose of uniformly drying the material. The gas outlet of the drying chamber is also connected to the heat pump hot water system through an air duct. A fourth air valve 10 is arranged on the air duct between the drying chamber and the heat pump hot water system. When the fourth air valve 10 is opened, the warm and humid air discharged from the drying chamber can enter the heat pump hot water system for waste heat recovery. Working principle of solar air system: The solar air system uses air as the heat transfer medium. The system absorbs solar energy by the heat collecting plate, heats the air in the solar air system to 50°C to 70°C, and circulates the air in the solar air system by the multi-blade centrifugal fan, and passes the hot air into the drying chamber to exchange heat and mass with the material, so as to achieve the purpose of drying the material.

[0031] The heat pump hot water system is mainly composed of a heat pump system and a hot water system. The heat pump system is composed of an evaporator 25, a compressor 28, an outer coil condenser 19, a filter 29 and an electronic expansion valve 30. The outlet of the evaporator 25 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 28, the outlet of the compressor 28 is connected to the coil inlet of the outer coil condenser 19, the coil outlet of the outer coil condenser 19 is connected to the inlet of the filter 29, the outlet of the filter 29 is connected to the inlet of the electronic expansion valve 30, and the outlet of the electronic expansion valve 30 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 25. The refrigerant internal circulation channel is formed by sequentially connecting the evaporator 25, the compressor 28, the coil of the outer coil condenser 19, the filter 29 and the electronic expansion valve 30 on the pipeline. The electronic expansion valve 30 is used to adjust the liquid supply amount of R22 refrigerant (Freon-22, referred to as HCFC-22) to the evaporator 25. When the fourth air valve 10 is opened, the heat of the waste heat air 27 discharged from the drying chamber 1 is absorbed by the R22 refrigerant in the evaporator, and the R22 refrigerant releases heat to the water medium of the hot water system in the outer coil condenser to heat the water; the R22 refrigerant continuously circulates internally to complete the heat absorption-heat release process. The evaporator 25 has an evaporator fan 26, which can transport the dry cold air cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator 25 to the outer coil condenser 19. The working principle of the heat pump system: the heat in the waste heat air is transferred to the water by allowing the R22 refrigerant in the heat pump to continuously complete the thermodynamic cycle process of evaporation → compression → condensation → throttling → re-evaporation.

[0032] The hot water system is connected by an expansion tank 11, a filter 12, a cold and hot water circulation shielded water pump 13, a pressure gauge 14, a horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6, a ball valve 15, a rotor flow meter 16, a plurality of three-way water pipe joints, and water pipes. A closed loop is formed between the outlet and the inlet of the expansion water tank 11 through a water pipe so that water circulation can be performed, that is, the water in the expansion water tank flows out from the outlet, circulates through the water pipe, and then flows into the expansion water tank through the inlet of the expansion water tank; a filter 12, a cold and hot water circulation shielded water pump 13, a pressure gauge 14, a ball valve 15, a horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6, a ball valve 15, a rotor flowmeter 16, a three-way water pipe joint A17, a three-way water pipe joint B18, an outer coil condenser 19, a three-way water pipe joint C 20, and a three-way water pipe joint D 22 are installed on the water pipe from the outlet of the expansion water tank to the inlet of the expansion water tank in sequence to form a water circulation channel; the horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6 is arranged in the drying chamber 1, located outside the airflow distribution plate of the drying chamber 1 (the side away from the material), so that the gas heated by the horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6 is evenly dispersed by the airflow distribution plate and then flows to the middle of the drying chamber to dry the material. Optionally, the horizontal concealed fan coil unit is arranged on the gas outlet side of the drying chamber and does not interfere with the gas outlet exhausting gas; the dehumidifier 4 is also arranged on the gas outlet side of the drying chamber and does not interfere with the gas outlet exhausting gas. The horizontal concealed fan coil unit is connected to other components of the hot water system outside the drying chamber through pipelines. The three-way water pipe joints include at least four A, B, C, and D. The three-way water pipe joint A17 is connected to the tap water pipe 24, and tap water can be supplemented through the tap water pipe; the liquid level meter 23 is connected between the three-way water pipe joint B18 and the three-way water pipe joint D 22, and the water level in the expansion water tank 11 is monitored by the liquid level meter. When the water level in the expansion water tank is lower than the threshold, water is supplemented through the tap water pipe 24; the three-way water pipe joint C 20 is connected to the drain valve 21, so that the water in the hot water system can be drained when necessary. Working principle of hot water system: hot water flows out from the expansion water tank and enters the horizontal concealed fan coil unit under the action of the hot and cold water circulation shielded water pump. The horizontal concealed fan coil unit heats the air near its coil. The fan of the horizontal concealed fan coil unit blows the heated air into the drying room to dry the material. At the same time, the horizontal concealed fan coil unit heats the cooled water through the outer coil condenser and returns it to the expansion water tank for the next cycle. The horizontal concealed fan coil unit relies on the forced action of its fan to send the air heated on the coil surface in the drying room into the space between the two air flow distribution plates in the drying room. The fan strengthens the convection heat exchange between the hot air at the coil and the air in the drying room, and can quickly heat the air in the drying room to increase the air temperature in the drying room. Coupled with the action of the dehumidifier, the air in the drying room circulates to achieve the purpose of material drying.

[0033] The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device can operate in three drying modes: solar energy drying alone, heat pump hot water drying alone, and solar heat pump hot water combined drying. The working principles of the device in these three drying modes are as follows:

[0034] The device operates in a single solar drying mode: ambient air is sent into the heat collecting plate through the multi-blade centrifugal fan 5 for heating; then, the hot air is sent into the drying chamber through the air duct. In the drying chamber, the hot air heats the material and takes away the moisture and volatiles evaporated from the material during the heating process, and the dry hot air becomes warm and humid air; finally, the warm and humid air is discharged into the environment through the dehumidification port of the drying chamber. In this working mode, the system does not recover the waste heat of the humid air, and it is an open system.

[0035] The device operates in a separate heat pump hot water drying mode: The separate heat pump hot water drying mode is mainly composed of three internal and external cycles: refrigerant cycle (internal cycle), water cycle (internal cycle) and air cycle (external cycle). The refrigerant circulates internally in the heat pump system, that is, the refrigerant flows in the evaporator 25, the compressor 28, the outer coil condenser 19, the filter 29, and the electronic expansion valve 30 as an internal cycle. The water circulates internally in the hot water system, that is, the water flows out of the expansion water tank 11, passes through the horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6, the outer coil condenser 19, etc., and then returns to the expansion water tank 11. The refrigerant circulates in the heat pump system through the internal cycle to achieve heat transfer and recovery, that is, the evaporator 25 absorbs heat and transfers the heat to the outer coil condenser 19, and the heat is transferred to the water through the outer coil condenser 19. The water transfers the heat to the air in the drying chamber at the horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6 through the internal cycle to form hot air. At this time, corresponding to the external circulation of air, the circulation of air in the drying chamber 1, evaporator 25, and horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6 is an external circulation, that is, the warm and humid air discharged from the drying chamber is cooled and dehumidified to become cold and dry air when passing through the evaporator 25, and then the evaporator fan 26 sends the cold and dry air to the horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6 again to be heated. When the air flows through the horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6, it is heated to hot and dry air of appropriate temperature. Under the action of the fan of the horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6, the hot and dry air enters the drying chamber to heat and absorb moisture from the material, and becomes warm and humid air when it leaves the drying chamber, and circulates continuously. At this time, it involves the recycling of the waste heat of the humid air, and the system is a closed system.

[0036] The device runs the solar heat pump hot water combined drying mode: The solar heat pump hot water combined drying mode can be understood as running the separate solar drying mode and the separate heat pump hot water drying mode at the same time. The heat required for material drying is provided by the solar collector 2 and the horizontal concealed fan coil unit 6. At this time, the system utilizes part of the residual heat of the wet air, which improves the energy utilization efficiency and is a semi-open and semi-closed system.

[0037] When the drying operation is not required, the heat pump hot water system can also be used to directly supply domestic hot water. During the period when drying is not required, the hot water used for family life can be completely provided by the heat pump hot water system, which can save conventional energy and electricity, and save expenses by using one machine for multiple purposes. Domestic hot water can be supplied by connecting a drain valve to the expansion water tank 11.

[0038] Although the utility model is described herein with reference to the illustrative embodiments of the utility model, it should be understood that those skilled in the art can design many other modifications and implementations, which will fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed in the present application. More specifically, within the scope disclosed in the present application, multiple variations and improvements can be made to the components and / or layout of the subject combination layout. In addition to the variations and improvements made to the components and / or layout, other uses will also be obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device, characterized in that: Includes solar air system, heat pump hot water system, drying room; The solar air system comprises a heat collecting plate, the air inlet and the air outlet of the heat collecting plate are respectively connected to the drying chamber to form an air circulation channel; The heat pump hot water system comprises a heat pump system and a hot water system; The heat pump system has a refrigerant internal circulation channel, the hot water system has a water circulation channel, the heat pump system and the hot water system have a common external coil condenser, and heat energy in the heat pump system is transferred to the hot water system through heat exchange through the external coil condenser; The hot water system has a horizontal concealed fan coil unit installed in the drying room; The gas outlet of the drying chamber is connected to the evaporator of the heat pump system through a delivery channel; the evaporator is connected to the side of the horizontal concealed fan coil unit through another delivery channel.

2. The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are at least two heat collecting plates, and all the heat collecting plates are connected in parallel.

3. The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The solar air system also has a multi-blade centrifugal fan for promoting air circulation between the drying chamber and the heat collecting plate.

4. The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heat pump system is composed of the evaporator, the compressor, the coil of the outer coil condenser, the filter and the electronic expansion valve which are sequentially connected on the pipeline to form a refrigerant internal circulation channel.

5. The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The refrigerant is Freon-22.

6. The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hot water system is composed of a cold and hot water circulation shielded water pump, a horizontal concealed fan coil unit, and an outer coil condenser which are installed in sequence on the water pipe from the outlet of the expansion water tank to the inlet of the expansion water tank to form a water circulation channel.

7. The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The pipeline of the hot water system is also provided with a filter, a pressure gauge, a ball valve and a rotor flow meter.

8. The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The pipeline of the hot water system is also provided with a plurality of three-way water pipe joints, through which the tap water pipe, the drain valve and the liquid level meter are respectively connected.

9. The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An air flow distribution plate and / or a dehumidifier are arranged in the drying chamber.

10. The solar heat pump agricultural product combined drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of air valves are installed on the conveying channel of the solar air system.

Images