Thermal runaway protection structure, energy storage device and power generation system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage power supplies, and relates to a thermal runaway protection structure, an energy storage device and a power generation system.The thermal runaway protection structure comprises an aluminum bar and an elastic piece, and the aluminum bar comprises a fusing part and a first connecting part and a second connecting part which are arranged at the two ends of the fusing part; the first connecting part and the second connecting part are used for being connected with different battery modules respectively, the elastic piece is located between the first connecting part and the second connecting part and is in a compressed state, and the elastic piece provides a first pulling force and a second pulling force which deviate from each other for the two ends of the fusing part respectively. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the compressed elastic pieces are arranged at the two ends of the fusing part, and when the battery module generates thermal runaway, the elastic pieces recover the elastic deformation and accelerate the disconnection of the fusing part, so that a circuit between the thermal runaway battery module and the adjacent battery module is rapidly cut off, and the thermal runaway is prevented from spreading.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage power supplies, and more specifically, to a thermal runaway protection structure, an energy storage device, and a power generation system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous promotion and application of new energy, the use of energy storage batteries is increasing. Energy storage batteries are composed of multiple battery modules, each of which has multiple battery cells. Multiple battery modules are connected in series or in parallel through aluminum bars to form an energy storage battery that can output a certain current or provide a certain voltage.

[0003] The battery modules in the energy storage battery may experience thermal runaway. Thermal runaway of the battery modules is accompanied by the release of a large amount of heat. The heat spread between the battery modules will further cause safety problems such as fire and explosion of the energy storage battery. In the prior art, the heat propagation between the battery modules is generally prevented by melting the aluminum bar to cut off the circuit between the thermal runaway battery module and the adjacent battery module. When the traditional aluminum bar structure encounters thermal runaway, it takes a long time for the aluminum bar to completely melt, and the circuit cutting and heat diffusion prevention time are low. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is that the traditional aluminum bar structure takes a long time to completely melt when encountering thermal runaway, and the effectiveness of circuit cutting and preventing heat diffusion is low.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a thermal runaway protection structure, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A thermal runaway protection structure, comprising: an aluminum bar and an elastic member;

[0007] An aluminum bar, the aluminum bar comprising a first connecting portion, a fuse portion, and a second connecting portion connected in sequence, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion being used to connect different battery modules respectively;

[0008] An elastic member is located between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion and is in a compressed state, and the elastic member provides a first pulling force and a second pulling force that are away from each other for two ends of the fuse portion.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic member includes a main body and a third connecting part and a fourth connecting part arranged at both ends of the main body, the third connecting part is fixed to a side of the fuse part close to the first connecting part, and the fourth connecting part is fixed to a side of the fuse part close to the second connecting part.

[0010] Furthermore, the fuse portion is provided with a hollow hole or a notch, and the hollow hole or the notch is located between the third connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion.

[0011] Furthermore, the third connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion are both provided with buckles, and the fuse portion is provided with a buckling portion matched with the buckles.

[0012] Furthermore, the first connection portion is provided with a first hole portion extending along the width direction, the second connection portion is provided with a second hole portion extending along the width direction, the third connection portion is inserted into the first hole portion, and the fourth connection portion is inserted into the second hole portion.

[0013] Furthermore, the fuse portion is arched in a direction away from the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, and the arched fuse portion includes a first side wall, a connecting wall, and a second side wall connected in sequence, the hollow hole or the notch is arranged on the connecting wall, and the buckling portion is arranged on the first side wall and the second side wall.

[0014] Furthermore, the first connecting portion, the second connecting portion, the first side wall and the second side wall are all plate-like structures, and the connecting wall includes at least two aluminum sheets arranged at intervals, and the aluminum sheets are stacked along the thickness direction of the connecting wall.

[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the fuse portion is smaller than the thickness of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion; or

[0016] The melting point of the fuse portion is lower than the melting points of the first connection portion and the second connection portion.

[0017] Furthermore, the thermal runaway protection structure also includes a protection member, and the protection member is coated on the outer surface of the fuse part.

[0018] Furthermore, the protective member is provided with a yielding opening corresponding to the elastic member.

[0019] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application further provides an energy storage device, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0020] An energy storage device comprises a first battery module, a second battery module and the thermal runaway protection structure as described above, wherein the thermal runaway protection structure is arranged between the first battery module and the second battery module, and the thermal runaway protection structure forms an electrical connection between the first battery module and the second battery module.

[0021] Furthermore, the first battery module and the second battery module are respectively provided with a first electrode and a second electrode, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are respectively fixedly connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, and the fuse portion is arched in a direction away from the first battery module and the second battery module.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a fixing box, in which the first battery module, the second battery module and the thermal runaway protection structure are fixed;

[0023] The fixed box has a first side plate and a second side plate which are arranged opposite to each other, a positioning member is arranged on the first side plate, the positioning member extends in a direction away from the second side plate, and the positioning member includes a cylinder and a hemispherical protrusion arranged at the end of the cylinder;

[0024] The second side plate is provided with a positioning groove matching the positioning member, and the positioning groove is recessed toward a direction close to the first side plate.

[0025] Furthermore, the fixed box also includes a vertical side panel, the first side panel and the second side panel are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, the vertical side panel is located between the first side panel and the second side panel, and the second side panel is provided with a guide groove extending in the horizontal direction, the guide groove is arranged adjacent to the positioning groove, and the guide groove connects the positioning groove and the vertical side panel.

[0026] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application further provides a power generation system, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0027] A power generation system comprises the energy storage device as described above.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The technical solution provided by the present application is achieved by arranging compressed elastic parts at both ends of the fuse part, and the elastic parts apply a certain pulling force to the two ends of the fuse part. When the battery module suffers from thermal runaway, the aluminum bar fuse part connected to the battery module begins to soften due to heat. When the connection force of the fuse part itself is less than the pulling force applied by the elastic part, the elastic part begins to restore the elastic deformation and pull the two ends of the fuse part outward, thereby accelerating the disconnection of the fuse part, and then quickly cutting off the circuit between the thermal runaway battery module and the adjacent battery module, while preventing heat from spreading, better protecting the adjacent battery modules, and improving the safety of the entire battery module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the solutions in the present application or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1It is a front view of a first battery module, a second battery module and a thermal runaway protection structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 The utility model embodiment provides Figure 1 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0033] Figure 3 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the aluminum bar and the protective member provided in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a fixing box provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fixed box provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0037] Reference numerals:

[0038] 100. Energy storage device; 10. Thermal runaway protection structure; 1. Aluminum bar; 11. First connecting part; 12. Second connecting part; 13. Fuse part; 131. First side wall; 132. Connecting wall; 133. Second side wall; 14. Hollow hole; 15. Snap-fit ​​part; 2. Elastic member; 21. Main body; 22. Third connecting part; 23. Fourth connecting part; 3. Protective member; 20. First battery module; 201. First electrode; 30. Second battery module; 301. Second electrode; 40. Fixing box; 41. First side plate; 42. Second side plate; 43. Positioning member; 431. Cylinder; 432. Hemispherical protrusion; 44. Positioning groove; 441. Cylindrical trough body; 442. Hemispherical trough body; 45. Guide groove; 46. Vertical side plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of this application; the terms used in the specification of the application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0040] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Combine the following Figures 1 to 6 , describing an embodiment of the utility model.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the thermal runaway protection structure 10 of the present application includes an aluminum bar 1 and an elastic member 2. The aluminum bar 1 includes a first connecting portion 11, a fuse portion 13 and a second connecting portion 12 connected in sequence. The first connecting portion 11 and the second connecting portion 12 are used to respectively connect different battery modules. The elastic member 2 is located between the first connecting portion 11 and the second connecting portion 12 and is in a compressed state. The elastic member 2 provides a first tensile force and a second tensile force that deviate from each other for the two ends of the fuse portion 13, respectively.

[0044] Furthermore, the elastic member 2 includes a main body 21 and a third connection portion 22 and a fourth connection portion 23 arranged at both ends of the main body 21, the third connection portion 22 is fixed to a side of the fuse portion 13 close to the first connection portion 11, and the fourth connection portion 23 is fixed to a side of the fuse portion 13 close to the second connection portion 12.

[0045] Furthermore, the aluminum bar 1 is a conductive plate-like structure, and the first connection part 11, the fuse part 13 and the second connection part 12 are detachably connected or integrally formed. Preferably, the first connection part 11, the fuse part 13 and the second connection part 12 are integrally formed, and the first connection part 11 and the second connection part are respectively arranged at two ends of the aluminum bar 1, and the fuse part 13 is arranged between the first connection part 11 and the second connection part. The first connection part 11 and the second connection part are used to connect different battery modules respectively. When the battery module has thermal runaway, the fuse part 13 will melt and disconnect due to the heat, thereby cutting off the circuit between the thermal runaway battery module and the adjacent battery module, and preventing heat from spreading to the adjacent battery module through the aluminum bar 1.

[0046] In this embodiment, a compressed and deformed elastic member 2 is arranged on the aluminum bar 1, and the elastic member 2 is made of an insulating elastic material. The third connection portion 22 and the fourth connection portion 23 of the elastic member 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the fuse portion 13, and the third connection portion 22 provides a first pulling force toward the first connection portion 11 to the fuse portion 13, and the fourth connection portion 23 provides a second pulling force toward the second connection portion 12 to the fuse portion 13. When the fuse portion 13 is softened by heat and the connecting force of the fuse portion 13 is less than the first pulling force and the second pulling force, the elastic member 2 begins to restore the elastic deformation, and the third connection portion 22 and the fourth connection portion 23 pull the two sides of the fuse portion 13 outward respectively, thereby accelerating the disconnection of the fuse portion 13, thereby quickly cutting off the circuit and preventing heat diffusion.

[0047] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a hollow hole 14 or a notch (not shown in the figure) is provided on the fuse portion 13 , and the hollow hole 14 or the notch is located between the third connecting portion 22 and the fourth connecting portion 23 .

[0048] In this embodiment, the hollow hole 14 or the notch can reduce the area of ​​the fuse part 13 and reduce the manufacturing cost of the aluminum bar 1. At the same time, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery module, due to the reduction in the area of ​​the fuse part 13, the elastic part 2 can more easily break the softened fuse part 13, which can further improve the efficiency of cutting off the circuit and preventing heat diffusion.

[0049] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the third connection part 22 and the fourth connection part 23 are both provided with buckles (not shown in the figure), and the fuse part 13 is provided with a buckle 15 adapted to the buckle. The elastic member 2 is fixed to the fuse part 13 by the buckle, and the installation and fixing of the elastic member 2 is simple and convenient.

[0050] In some embodiments not shown in the figure, the buckles on the third connection portion 22 and the fourth connection portion 23 are directly inserted into the hollow hole 14 on the fuse portion 13 .

[0051] In some embodiments not shown in the figures, the first connection portion 11 is provided with a first hole portion (not shown in the figures) extending along the width direction, the second connection portion 12 is provided with a second hole portion (not shown in the figures) extending along the width direction, the third connection portion 22 is inserted into the first hole portion, and the fourth connection portion 23 is inserted into the second hole portion.

[0052] In one embodiment, Figure 3As shown, the fuse part 13 is arched in the direction away from the first connection part 11 and the second connection part 12, and the arched fuse part 13 includes a first side wall 131, a connection wall 132 and a second side wall 133 connected in sequence, the first side wall 131 and the second side wall 133 are arranged on both sides of the connection wall 132 oppositely, the hollow hole 14 or the notch is arranged on the connection wall 132, and the buckle part 15 is arranged on the first side wall 131 and the second side wall 133. In this embodiment, the fuse part 13 is arched in the direction away from the first connection part 11 and the second connection part 12, which can increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the aluminum bar 1 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the aluminum bar 1; in addition, the first side wall 131, the connection wall 132 and the second side wall 133 enclose a space for accommodating the elastic member 2, which is convenient for the placement of the elastic member 2.

[0053] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the first connecting portion 11, the second connecting portion 12, the first side wall 131 and the second side wall 133 are all plate-like structures, and the connecting wall 132 includes at least two aluminum sheets (not shown in the figure) arranged at intervals, and a plurality of aluminum sheets are stacked along the thickness direction of the connecting wall 132. On the one hand, when producing battery modules, there will be a certain deviation in the placement positions between battery modules. The connecting wall 132 is formed by stacking a plurality of aluminum sheets, and the connecting wall 132 is relatively easy to bend and deform, so that the aluminum bar 1 has a good fault tolerance in the height, length and width directions, which can reduce the assembly accuracy requirements between battery modules and improve production efficiency; on the other hand, compared with the compacted aluminum thick plate, the aluminum sheet softens faster and is easier to be torn off. When a part of the aluminum sheets of the connecting wall 132 is disconnected, the current carrying capacity of the connecting wall 132 becomes weaker. Under the condition that the amount of current passing through the connecting wall 132 remains unchanged, the remaining aluminum sheets that have not been disconnected will soften faster, further accelerating the disconnection of the connecting wall 132, and the safety factor of the battery module is higher.

[0054] In some embodiments not shown, the thickness of the fuse portion 13 is smaller than the thickness of the first connection portion 11 and the second connection portion 12, or the melting point of the fuse portion 13 is smaller than the melting points of the first connection portion 11 and the second connection portion 12. When the aluminum bar 1 is heated, the fuse portion 13 will melt and disconnect before the first connection portion 11 and the second connection portion 12.

[0055] In one embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the thermal runaway protection structure 10 also includes a protective member 3, which is coated on the outer surface of the fuse part 13 by snaps, adhesive or other means. The protective member 3 is made of high temperature resistant insulating material. Fragments may be generated during the process of the fuse part 13 being pulled off by the elastic member 2. The protective member 3 can prevent the fragments of the fuse part 13 from splashing outward onto other charged structures and causing unnecessary short connections. In addition, the protective member 3 is provided with a clearance opening (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the elastic member 2, so as to facilitate the fixing of the elastic member 2 on the fuse part 13 through the clearance opening.

[0056] According to the embodiments of the present utility model, Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, an energy storage device 100 is also provided, including a first battery module 20, a second battery module 30 and the thermal runaway protection structure 10 as described above, wherein the thermal runaway protection structure 10 is disposed between the first battery module 20 and the second battery module 30, and the thermal runaway protection structure 10 forms an electrical connection between the first battery module 20 and the second battery module 30. Specifically, the first battery module 20 and the second battery module 30 are each composed of a plurality of battery cells, the first battery module 20 and the second battery module 30 are disposed adjacent to each other, and the first battery module 20 and the second battery module 30 are connected in series or in parallel through the aluminum bar 1 in the thermal runaway protection structure 10. In this embodiment, the number of battery modules is not limited, and the number of battery modules may be two or more.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first battery module 20 and the second battery module 30 are electrically connected by a thermal runaway protection structure 10. When thermal runaway occurs in one of the first battery module 20 and the second battery module 30, the elastic member 2 can accelerate the disconnection of the fuse 13, thereby quickly cutting off the circuit between the thermal runaway battery module and the adjacent battery module to prevent the thermal runaway from spreading.

[0058] In some embodiments not shown in the figure, the battery module is composed of multiple battery cells, and the single battery cells can be electrically connected through the thermal runaway protection structure 10. When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the elastic member 2 can accelerate the disconnection of the fuse 13, quickly cutting off the circuit between the thermal runaway battery cell and the adjacent battery cells, preventing the thermal runaway from spreading, and thereby improving the safety performance of the battery module.

[0059] In one embodiment, Figures 1 to 3As shown, the first battery module 20 and the second battery module 30 are respectively provided with a first electrode 201 and a second electrode 301, and the first connecting portion 11 and the second connecting portion 12 can be respectively fixed on the first electrode 201 and the second electrode 301 by welding, screw connection or other connection methods. The first connecting portion 11 and the second connecting portion 12 of the aluminum bar 1 are both compacted aluminum thick plate structures, and the thick aluminum plate structure can increase the connection strength between the aluminum bar 1 and the battery module. The fuse portion 13 is arched in the direction away from the first battery module 20 and the second battery module 30. The fuse portion 13 is composed of multiple layers of aluminum sheets arranged at intervals in the thickness direction, which can increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the aluminum bar 1 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency, thereby helping to reduce the operating temperature of the battery module and improve the service life and safety of the battery module.

[0060] In one embodiment, Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the energy storage device 100 further includes a fixed box 40, in which the first battery module 20, the second battery module 30 and the thermal runaway protection structure 10 are fixed, and the fixed box 40 has a first side plate 41 and a second side plate 42 arranged opposite to each other, and a positioning member 43 is provided on the first side plate 41, and the positioning member 43 extends in a direction away from the second side plate 42, and a positioning groove 44 matching the positioning member 43 is provided on the second side plate 42, and the positioning groove 44 is recessed in a direction close to the first side plate 41. Specifically, in some application scenarios, such as turnover transportation and storage of energy storage devices 100, it is necessary to stack multiple energy storage devices 100 up and down, front and back, or left and right, and positioning members 43 and positioning grooves 44 are provided on the fixed box 40 to facilitate stable stacking between the fixed boxes 40.

[0061] In this embodiment, when multiple energy storage devices 100 are stacked up and down, the first side plate 41 and the second side plate 42 are relatively arranged in the vertical direction; when multiple energy storage devices 100 are stacked front to back, the first side plate 41 and the second side plate 42 are relatively arranged in the front-to-back direction; when multiple energy storage devices 100 are stacked left to right, the first side plate 41 and the second side plate 42 are relatively arranged in the left-right direction.

[0062] Preferably, the first side plate 41 and the second side plate 42 are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, the first side plate 41 is the top plate of the fixed box 40, the second side plate 42 is the bottom plate of the fixed box 40, the positioning piece 43 protrudes upward, and the positioning groove 44 is recessed upward.

[0063] In some embodiments not shown in the figure, the first side plate 41 is the bottom plate of the fixed box 40, the second side plate 42 is the top plate of the fixed box 40, the positioning member 43 is protruding downward, and the positioning groove 44 is recessed downward.

[0064] Furthermore, the positioning member 43 includes a cylindrical body 431 and a hemispherical protrusion 432 disposed at the end of the cylindrical body 431, and the positioning groove 44 includes a cylindrical groove body 441 and a hemispherical groove body 442 that are interconnected. When two adjacent fixed boxes 40 are stacked, the positioning member 43 of one fixed box 40 is inserted into the positioning groove 44 of another fixed box 40. The cylindrical body 431 and the hemispherical protrusion 432 disposed at the end of the cylindrical body 431 allow the positioning member 43 to be inserted into the positioning groove 44 by simply aligning the hemispherical protrusion 432 with the notch of the positioning groove 44, without having to find other alignment points, and the positioning installation between the two fixed boxes 40 is fast and convenient.

[0065] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the fixed box 40 further includes a vertical side plate 46, which is located between the first side plate 41 and the second side plate 42. The first side plate 41 and the second side plate 42 are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction. The second side plate 42 is provided with a guide groove 45 extending in the horizontal direction. The guide groove 45 is arranged adjacent to the positioning groove 44, and the guide groove 45 connects the positioning groove 44 and the vertical side plate 46. In this embodiment, the recessed depth of the guide groove 45 is less than the recessed depth of the positioning groove 44, and the guide groove 45 guides the positioning member 43, so that the positioning member 43 can slide into the positioning groove 44 along the guide groove 45; in addition, the guide groove 45 connects the positioning groove 44 and the vertical side plate 46, and the position of the guide groove 45 can be observed from the outer peripheral side of the fixed box 40. Even if the positioning groove 44 is arranged on the bottom plate of the fixed box 40, the positioning member 43 can be quickly aligned with the positioning groove 44 through the guide groove 45, thereby improving the installation efficiency between the fixed boxes 40.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a power generation system is also provided, comprising the energy storage device 100 as described above.

[0067] In the thermal runaway protection structure 10 of the power generation equipment in this embodiment, compressed elastic parts 2 are arranged at both ends of the fuse part 13. When the battery module has thermal runaway, the elastic part 2 applies a pulling force to the two ends of the fuse part 13 to accelerate the disconnection of the fuse part 13, thereby quickly cutting off the circuit between the thermal runaway battery module and the adjacent battery module, preventing the heat from spreading, better protecting the adjacent battery modules, and improving the safety of the entire power generation equipment.

[0068] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the accompanying drawings, but they do not limit the patent scope of the present application. The present application can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned specific implementation methods, or to perform equivalent replacement of some of the technical features therein. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is similarly within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A thermal runaway protection structure (10), characterized in that: include: An aluminum bar (1), the aluminum bar (1) comprising a first connecting portion (11), a fuse portion (13) and a second connecting portion (12) connected in sequence, the first connecting portion (11) and the second connecting portion (12) being used to respectively connect different battery modules; An elastic member (2), the elastic member (2) being located between the first connecting portion (11) and the second connecting portion (12) and being in a compressed state, the elastic member (2) providing a first pulling force and a second pulling force that are mutually divergent to the two ends of the fuse portion (13).

2. The thermal runaway protection structure (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member (2) comprises a body (21) and a third connecting portion (22) and a fourth connecting portion (23) arranged at two ends of the body (21); the third connecting portion (22) is fixed to a side of the fuse portion (13) close to the first connecting portion (11); and the fourth connecting portion (23) is fixed to a side of the fuse portion (13) close to the second connecting portion (12).

3. The thermal runaway protection structure (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fuse portion (13) is provided with a hollow hole (14) or a notch, and the hollow hole (14) or the notch is located between the third connecting portion (22) and the fourth connecting portion (23).

4. The thermal runaway protection structure (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third connecting portion (22) and the fourth connecting portion (23) are both provided with buckles, and the fuse portion (13) is provided with a buckling portion (15) adapted to the buckles.

5. The thermal runaway protection structure (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first connection part (11) is provided with a first hole extending in the width direction, the second connection part (12) is provided with a second hole extending in the width direction, the third connection part (22) is inserted into the first hole, and the fourth connection part (23) is inserted into the second hole.

6. The thermal runaway protection structure (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fuse portion (13) is arched in a direction away from the first connecting portion (11) and the second connecting portion (12), the arched fuse portion comprises a first side wall (131), a connecting wall (132) and a second side wall (133) which are connected in sequence, the hollow hole (14) or the notch is arranged on the connecting wall (132), and the buckling portion (15) is arranged on the first side wall (131) and the second side wall (133).

7. The thermal runaway protection structure (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first connecting portion (11), the second connecting portion (12), the first side wall (131) and the second side wall (133) are all plate-like structures, and the connecting wall (132) comprises at least two aluminum sheets arranged at intervals, and the aluminum sheets are stacked along the thickness direction of the connecting wall (132).

8. The thermal runaway protection structure (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the fuse portion (13) is smaller than the thickness of the first connection portion (11) and the second connection portion (12); or The melting point of the fuse part (13) is lower than the melting points of the first connection part (11) and the second connection part (12).

9. The thermal runaway protection structure (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The thermal runaway protection structure (10) further comprises a protection member (3), wherein the protection member (3) is coated on the outer surface of the fuse part (13).

10. The thermal runaway protection structure (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that: The protective member (3) is provided with a clearance opening corresponding to the elastic member (2).

11. An energy storage device (100), characterized in that: The invention comprises a first battery module (20), a second battery module (30) and a thermal runaway protection structure (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the thermal runaway protection structure (10) is arranged between the first battery module (20) and the second battery module (30), and the thermal runaway protection structure (10) forms an electrical connection between the first battery module (20) and the second battery module (30).

12. The energy storage device (100) according to claim 11, characterized in that: The first battery module (20) and the second battery module (30) are respectively provided with a first electrode (201) and a second electrode (301); the first connecting portion (11) and the second connecting portion (12) are respectively fixedly connected to the first electrode (201) and the second electrode (301); and the fuse portion (13) is arched in a direction away from the first battery module (20) and the second battery module (30).

13. The energy storage device (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that: It also includes a fixing box (40), in which the first battery module (20), the second battery module (30) and the thermal runaway protection structure (10) are fixed; The fixed box (40) comprises a first side plate (41) and a second side plate (42) which are arranged opposite to each other, a positioning member (43) is provided on the first side plate (41), the positioning member (43) extends in a direction away from the second side plate (42), and the positioning member (43) comprises a cylinder (431) and a hemispherical protrusion (432) arranged at the end of the cylinder (431); The second side plate (42) is provided with a positioning groove (44) matching the positioning member (43), and the positioning groove (44) is recessed in a direction close to the first side plate (41).

14. The energy storage device (100) according to claim 13, characterized in that: The fixed box (40) further comprises a vertical side plate (46), wherein the first side plate (41) and the second side plate (42) are arranged opposite to each other in a vertical direction, and the vertical side plate (46) is located between the first side plate (41) and the second side plate (42), and the second side plate (42) is provided with a guide groove (45) extending in a horizontal direction, and the guide groove (45) is arranged adjacent to the positioning groove (44), and the guide groove (45) communicates with the positioning groove (44) and the vertical side plate (46).

15. A power generation system, characterized in that: An energy storage device (100) comprising any one of claims 11 to 14.

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