Millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna

Abstract

The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna comprises a lower dielectric substrate, a metal ground and an upper dielectric substrate which are sequentially connected in a stacked mode from bottom to top, a gap is formed in the metal ground, a feed microstrip line coupled with the gap is arranged on the bottom face of the lower dielectric substrate, and a metal patch is arranged on the top face of the upper dielectric substrate; when the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna is overlooked, the metal patch is of a left-right symmetrical structure with the central axis of the gap as the symmetry axis, the metal patch comprises two symmetrically-arranged first L branches and two symmetrically-arranged second L branches, each first L branch comprises a first vertical branch and a first transverse branch which are vertically connected, and each second L branch comprises a second vertical branch and a second transverse branch which are vertically connected. The second L branch knot comprises a second vertical branch knot and a second transverse branch knot which are vertically connected, and the first L branch knot is located on the inner side of the second L branch knot. The millimeter wave ultra wide band antenna is simple in structure, convenient to process, low in profile height and stable in radiation characteristic, and can realize ultra wide band.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna. Background Art

[0002] In 5G communication systems, high speed and low latency have become important technical requirements. The 5G millimeter wave frequency band can provide 100 to 1,000 times more communication capacity and transmission rate than 4G, so millimeter waves have great technical advantages.

[0003] There are currently three approaches to designing broadband millimeter-wave antennas and arrays:

[0004] 1. Magnetoelectric dipole antennas are widely used in millimeter wave systems due to their stable gain, broadband and easy integration. Substrate integrated coaxial line is usually used as a feeding method to achieve a wider impedance bandwidth. The disadvantage is that although the substrate integrated coaxial line technology of magnetoelectric dipole antenna is conducive to enhancing the impedance bandwidth of antenna elements, the number of PCB layers will also increase, which increases the design cost.

[0005] 2. Ridgegap waveguides (RGW) are a microwave transmission technology that was developed from a variation of rectangular waveguides. Ridgegap waveguides work by adding one or two protruding ridges to the wide walls of a rectangular waveguide, which affect the electromagnetic field distribution within the waveguide. This design can reduce the main mode cutoff frequency of the waveguide, allowing signals to be transmitted over a wider frequency band while maintaining a low characteristic impedance, making it easier to match other circuit components, which makes them widely used in radar engineering and other high-frequency communication applications. The disadvantage is that ridge gap waveguides involve computer numerical control technology that increases manufacturing cost and complexity, and they are generally more suitable for high-gain antenna arrays designed as fixed beams rather than beam scanning.

[0006] 3. The principle of using metasurface to realize millimeter-wave microstrip antenna mainly involves using the special electromagnetic properties of metasurface to control the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Metasurface is a two-dimensional planar material composed of subwavelength structural units, which can accurately control the phase, amplitude, polarization and propagation direction of incident electromagnetic waves. Its disadvantages are: metasurface millimeter-wave microstrip antenna technology involves complex processing technology, which leads to increased production costs and difficulties in mass production, and there will be efficiency and bandwidth limitations in specific applications. Utility Model Content

[0007] The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna with a simple structure and easy processing, wherein the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna can cover a frequency band from 24.21 GHz to 28.4 GHz.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna, comprising a lower dielectric substrate, a metal ground and an upper dielectric substrate stacked and connected in sequence from bottom to top, a gap is provided on the metal ground, a feeding microstrip line coupled to the gap is provided on the bottom surface of the lower dielectric substrate, and a metal patch is provided on the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate; when looking down at the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna, the metal patch is a left-right symmetrical structure with the central axis of the gap as the symmetry axis, the metal patch includes two symmetrically arranged first L branches and two symmetrically arranged second L branches, the first L branch includes a first vertical branch and a first horizontal branch connected vertically, the second L branch includes a second vertical branch and a second horizontal branch connected vertically, the first L branch is located on the inner side of the second L branch, the first horizontal branches of the two first L branches are arranged back to back, and the second horizontal branches of the two second L branches are arranged facing each other.

[0009] In one embodiment, in the first L-branch and the second L-branch located on the same side of the symmetry axis, the first transverse branch and the second transverse branch are arranged close to each other.

[0010] In one embodiment, when the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna is viewed from a top-down perspective, the gap has no overlapping area with the first L branch.

[0011] In one embodiment, the central axis of the feeding microstrip line is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the slot.

[0012] In one embodiment, the feeding microstrip line includes a connected large diameter section and a small diameter section, the large diameter section and the small diameter section are arranged on a common central axis, and one end of the large diameter section away from the small diameter section is a feeding point.

[0013] In one embodiment, when the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna is viewed from a top-down perspective, the intersection of the feeding microstrip line and the slot is located in the middle of the slot.

[0014] In one embodiment, one end of the first vertical branch away from the first horizontal branch is electrically connected to the metal ground through a first conductive structure.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first conductive structure is a metallized hole or a hole-filled conductive paste.

[0016] In one embodiment, one end of the second transverse branch away from the second vertical branch is electrically connected to the metal ground through a second conductive structure.

[0017] In one embodiment, the second conductive structure is a metallized hole or a hole-filled conductive paste.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband antenna adopts a hybrid mode resonance, which is different from the traditional single-resonance mode broadband antenna. It combines microstrip lines, gaps, patches and quasi-monopole modes, feeds electricity through microstrip lines, and utilizes the gaps to couple energy to the top metal patch, thereby ensuring a stable radiation pattern; the overall thickness of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband antenna can be reduced to about 1 mm, realizing an ultra-thin design; the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband antenna has a simple structure and can be processed and formed using a circuit board manufacturing process, thereby facilitating processing and production.

[0019] In short, this millimeter-wave ultra-wideband antenna has a simple structure and is easy to process. It can achieve ultra-wideband (covering a frequency range of 24.21GHz to 28.4GHz), and has a low profile and stable radiation characteristics, which basically meets engineering requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of the first embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of the first embodiment when viewed from above;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a part of the structure of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of the first embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 is an S-parameter diagram of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 is an efficiency diagram of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6 is a gain diagram of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 7 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 25 GHz;

[0028] Figure 8 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 26 GHz;

[0029] Fig. 9This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 26.5 GHz;

[0030] Fig.10 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 27 GHz;

[0031] Fig.11 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 27.5 GHz;

[0032] Fig.12 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 28 GHz.

[0033] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0034] 1. Lower dielectric substrate;

[0035] 2. Metal ground; 21. Gap;

[0036] 3. Upper dielectric substrate;

[0037] 4. Feed microstrip line; 41. Large diameter section; 42. Small diameter section;

[0038] 5. first L branch; 51. first vertical branch; 52. first horizontal branch;

[0039] 6. Second L branch; 61. Second vertical branch; 62. Second horizontal branch.

[0040] 7. A first conduction structure;

[0041] 8. The second conduction structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0044] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture as shown in the accompanying drawings. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0045] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the utility model, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0046] In addition, if the meaning of "and / or" appears in the full text is to include three parallel solutions, taking "and / or" as an example, it includes solutions, or solutions, or solutions that are satisfied at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this utility model.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] Embodiment 1

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 12 , Embodiment 1 of the present utility model is: Please combine Figures 1 to 3 A millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna comprises a lower dielectric substrate 1, a metal ground 2 and an upper dielectric substrate 3 which are sequentially stacked and connected from bottom to top, a slot 21 is provided on the metal ground 2, and the slot 21 is rectangular as a whole. The resonant frequency of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna can be optimized by adjusting the length of the slot 21. A feeding microstrip line 4 coupled to the slot 21 is provided on the bottom surface of the lower dielectric substrate 1, and a metal patch is provided on the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate 3; when the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna is viewed from above, the metal patch is a left and right side with the central axis of the slot 21 as the symmetry axis. Symmetrical structure, the metal patch includes two first L branches 5 and two second L branches 6 that are symmetrically arranged on the left and right, the first L branch 5 includes a first vertical branch 51 and a first horizontal branch 52 that are vertically connected, the second L branch 6 includes a second vertical branch 61 and a second horizontal branch 62 that are vertically connected, the first L branch 5 is located on the inner side of the second L branch 6, the first horizontal branches 52 of the two first L branches 5 are arranged back to back, and the second horizontal branches 62 of the two second L branches 6 are arranged facing each other.

[0050] In the first L-branch 5 and the second L-branch 6 located on the same side of the symmetry axis, the first transverse branch 52 and the second transverse branch 62 are arranged close to each other.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna is viewed from a top-down perspective, the slot 21 has no overlapping area with the first L-branch 5 .

[0052] In detail, the central axis of the feed microstrip line 4 is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the slot 21. In more detail, the feed microstrip line 4 includes a large diameter section 41 and a small diameter section 42 connected to each other, the large diameter section 41 and the small diameter section 42 are arranged on the same central axis, the end of the large diameter section 41 away from the small diameter section 42 is a feeding point, and when the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna is viewed from a top-down perspective, the intersection of the feed microstrip line 4 and the slot 21 is located in the middle of the slot 21, specifically, the middle of the small diameter section 42 intersects with the middle of the slot 21. It is easy to understand that the large diameter section 41 is used to achieve 50 ohm impedance matching, while the narrower small diameter section 42 is used to couple energy into the slot 21 of the metal ground 2 to generate resonance.

[0053] One end of the first vertical branch 51 away from the first horizontal branch 52 is connected to the metal ground 2 through a first conductive structure 7 , and the first conductive structure 7 is a metallized hole or a hole filled with conductive paste.

[0054] One end of the second transverse branch 62 away from the second vertical branch 61 is connected to the metal ground 2 through a second conductive structure 8 , and the second conductive structure 8 is a metallized hole or a hole filled with conductive paste.

[0055] Examples

[0056] The material of the metal patch is Taconic TLY-5Z, with a thickness of 0.762 mm.

[0057] The upper dielectric substrate is made of Rogers RO4450F material with a thickness of 0.2 mm.

[0058] The thickness of the metal ground is 0.035mm.

[0059] The lower dielectric substrate is made of Rogers RO4350B material with a thickness of 0.1 mm.

[0060] The upper dielectric substrate, the lower dielectric substrate and the metal ground are all square plates, and the overall size of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna is 6mm×6mm×1mm, which is easy to integrate.

[0061] Figure 4 is an S-parameter diagram of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment;

[0062] Figure 5 is an efficiency diagram of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment;

[0063] Figure 6 is a gain diagram of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment;

[0064] from Figure 4-Figure 6 It can be seen that the impedance bandwidth of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband antenna is within 24.21 GHz to 28.4 GHz, reaching 4.2 GHz, and its relative bandwidth reaches 15.92%, which has broadband characteristics compared with the relative bandwidth of about 2% of ordinary microstrip antennas.

[0065] Figure 7 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 25 GHz;

[0066] Figure 8 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 26 GHz;

[0067] Fig. 9 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 26.5 GHz;

[0068] Fig.10 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 27 GHz;

[0069] Fig.11 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 27.5 GHz;

[0070] Fig.12 This is the radiation pattern of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna of this embodiment when operating at 28 GHz.

[0071] from Figure 7-Figure 12 It can be seen that the radiation direction of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband antenna is stable.

[0072] The above are only optional embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the utility model concept, or directly / indirectly used in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna, characterized in that: It includes a lower dielectric substrate, a metal ground and an upper dielectric substrate which are stacked and connected in sequence from bottom to top, the metal ground is provided with a gap, the bottom surface of the lower dielectric substrate is provided with a feeding microstrip line coupled with the gap, and the top surface of the upper dielectric substrate is provided with a metal patch; when looking down at the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna, the metal patch is a left-right symmetrical structure with the central axis of the gap as the symmetry axis, the metal patch includes two symmetrically arranged first L branches and two symmetrically arranged second L branches, the first L branch includes a vertically connected first vertical branch and a first horizontal branch, the second L branch includes a vertically connected second vertical branch and a second horizontal branch, the first L branch is located on the inner side of the second L branch, the first horizontal branches of the two first L branches are arranged back to back, and the second horizontal branches of the two second L branches are arranged facing each other.

2. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first L-branch and the second L-branch located on the same side of the symmetry axis, the first transverse branch and the second transverse branch are arranged close to each other.

3. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna is viewed from a top-down perspective, the gap has no overlapping area with the first L branch.

4. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axis of the feeding microstrip line is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the slot.

5. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding microstrip line comprises a connected large diameter section and a small diameter section, the large diameter section and the small diameter section are arranged on the same central axis, and one end of the large diameter section away from the small diameter section is a feeding point.

6. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna is viewed from a top-down perspective, the intersection of the feeding microstrip line and the slot is located in the middle of the slot.

7. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first vertical branch away from the first horizontal branch is electrically connected to the metal ground through a first conductive structure.

8. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first conductive structure is a metallized hole or a hole-filled conductive paste.

9. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the second transverse branch away from the second vertical branch is electrically connected to the metal ground through a second conductive structure.

10. The millimeter wave ultra-wideband antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second conductive structure is a metallized hole or a hole-filled conductive paste.

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