Absorption device for producing hydrogen cyanide

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical production equipment, and discloses an absorption device for producing hydrogen cyanide, which comprises a tower body, an absorption cavity and a reaction cavity are distributed in the tower body at intervals along the height direction, the absorption cavity is communicated with a gas inlet pipe and a low-temperature water delivery pipe, the gas inlet pipe is used for delivering gas containing hydrogen cyanide into the absorption cavity, and the reaction cavity is communicated with the low-temperature water delivery pipe. The low-temperature water conveying pipe is used for conveying low-temperature water into the absorption cavity; the absorption cavity is connected with the reaction cavity through a gas conveying pipe, the gas conveying pipe is used for conveying gas absorbed in the absorption cavity to the reaction cavity, and the reaction cavity is used for carrying out reaction absorption on hydrogen cyanide in the gas through a solution; the reaction cavity is communicated with an exhaust pipe, the exhaust pipe is used for outputting gas absorbed by the reaction cavity, and the hydrogen cyanide recovery device has the beneficial effects of high absorption rate and convenience in hydrogen cyanide recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical production equipment, in particular to a hydrogen cyanide production absorption device. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is an inorganic compound that is liquid under standard conditions. It is widely used in the electroplating industry (copper, gold, and silver plating), mining (gold and silver extraction), and the manufacture of various resin monomers (such as acrylic and methacrylic resins), making it a key chemical raw material. The main methods for synthesizing HCN include the acrylonitrile byproduct method, natural gas ammoxidation, light oil cracking, methanol ammoxidation, and formamide dehydration. However, the HCN production process typically generates large amounts of waste gas, which often contains HCN that cannot be fully absorbed during the production process. To avoid environmental pollution, these waste gases typically require treatment before discharge.

[0003] For example, the patent document with publication number CN211562476U discloses a hydrogen cyanide gas absorption device, including an absorption tower body, one side of the upper end of the absorption tower body is fixedly connected to a first liquid inlet pipe, the other side of the upper end of the absorption tower body is fixedly connected to a second liquid inlet pipe, the upper ends of the first liquid inlet pipe and the second liquid inlet pipe are jointly fixedly connected to a liquid delivery pipe, and the upper end of one side of the absorption tower body is fixedly connected to the first air inlet pipe. This technical solution can more effectively make sodium hydroxide react with hydrogen cyanide by arranging a sodium hydroxide spray method, and the absorption efficiency is higher.

[0004] Although the above technical solution can effectively absorb hydrogen cyanide, during the hydrogen cyanide production process, the gas discharged after treatment still contains recyclable hydrogen cyanide. In order to ensure that the hydrogen cyanide content in the discharged gas meets the emission standards, the above technical solution uses sodium hydroxide that can react with hydrogen cyanide for absorption, so that the absorbed hydrogen cyanide cannot be recycled, resulting in part of the hydrogen cyanide being wasted in the production process. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a hydrogen cyanide production absorption device to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the absorbed hydrogen cyanide cannot be recycled, resulting in part of the hydrogen cyanide being wasted in the production process.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a device for producing hydrogen cyanide absorption, comprising a tower body, wherein absorption chambers and reaction chambers are spaced apart in the height direction inside the tower body, the absorption chambers are connected with an air inlet pipe and a low-temperature water delivery pipe, the air inlet pipe is used to deliver gas containing hydrogen cyanide into the absorption chamber, and the low-temperature water delivery pipe is used to deliver low-temperature water into the absorption chamber; the absorption chamber and the reaction chamber are connected by an air delivery pipe, the air delivery pipe is used to deliver the gas absorbed in the absorption chamber to the reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber is used to perform a secondary reaction and absorption of the hydrogen cyanide in the gas; the reaction chamber is connected with an exhaust pipe, and the exhaust pipe is used to output the gas absorbed by the reaction chamber.

[0007] The principles and advantages of this solution are as follows: When absorbing hydrogen cyanide gas, the gas is fed into an absorption chamber, where low-temperature water absorbs the hydrogen cyanide in the gas to form an aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution. This absorbed aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution is then transported to a refining device for purification and extraction. The gas initially absorbed by the absorption chamber is then transported via a gas pipeline to a reaction chamber, where the remaining hydrogen cyanide reacts with a solution capable of reacting and absorbing hydrogen cyanide. The hydrogen cyanide in the gas is converted within the reaction chamber, allowing it to be absorbed and filtered.

[0008] In this solution, when absorbing hydrogen cyanide in gas, the hydrogen cyanide in the gas is first absorbed by low-temperature water to form a hydrogen cyanide aqueous solution, which is then reacted and absorbed by a solution capable of reacting with hydrogen cyanide. This ensures that the hydrogen cyanide content in the gas meets emission standards while facilitating the refining and recycling of the hydrogen cyanide in the aqueous solution. This reduces raw material loss during the hydrogen cyanide production process, improves the overall absorption rate during the hydrogen cyanide production process, and reduces waste of effective ingredients. Furthermore, the hydrogen cyanide content in the gas delivered to the reaction chamber is reduced, lowering the pressure in the reaction chamber required to process hydrogen cyanide gas, thereby improving the overall absorption efficiency of the hydrogen cyanide in the gas.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the absorption chamber is located at the bottom of the tower body, the reaction chamber is located at the top of the tower body, and a partition is provided between the absorption chamber and the reaction chamber, and the partition is used to separate the absorption chamber and the reaction chamber.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, a liquid outlet is provided on the side wall of the tower body, and a control valve is provided on the liquid outlet. The liquid outlet is used to discharge the aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution in the absorption chamber. This ensures that when the absorption chamber absorbs hydrogen cyanide, there is sufficient low-temperature water in the absorption chamber to absorb the hydrogen cyanide in the gas, while also facilitating control of the concentration of the output aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution. This avoids the output of low-concentration aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution, which would result in low utilization of the low-temperature water in the absorption chamber, thereby reducing the amount of low-temperature water used in the absorption chamber.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, a gas injection pipe connected to the air inlet pipe is provided at the bottom of the absorption chamber. The gas injection pipe is laid at the bottom of the absorption chamber and is equipped with multiple nozzles evenly distributed at the bottom of the absorption chamber. This allows the gas containing hydrogen cyanide to be ejected from the bottom of the absorption chamber after entering the absorption chamber, ensuring that the gas can pass through the low-temperature water, thereby improving the low-temperature water's absorption efficiency of hydrogen cyanide in the gas.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, the top of the absorption chamber is an outwardly extending curved surface, and the gas pipe is connected to the top of the curved surface. When the gas in the absorption chamber is transported to the reaction chamber through the gas pipe, the gas can be collected under the action of the curved top surface of the reaction chamber, ensuring that the gas can move smoothly from the absorption chamber to the reaction chamber and preventing gas from remaining in the absorption chamber.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, an adsorption layer is provided on the top of the reaction chamber, and the adsorption layer is used to absorb and filter the absorbed gas. The adsorption layer filters the residual solid particles in the gas and absorbs and filters other toxic substances, thereby improving the absorption effect of the gas in the absorption device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen cyanide absorption device in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the absorption cavity in an embodiment of the present utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0017] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: tower body 1, partition 102, absorption chamber 2, air inlet pipe 201, low-temperature water delivery pipe 202, liquid outlet 203, control valve 204, injection pipe 205, nozzle 206, first exhaust port 207, demister 208, reaction chamber 3, adsorption layer 301, absorption liquid delivery pipe 302, air delivery pipe 4, exhaust pipe 5.

[0018] As attached Figure 1As shown, a hydrogen cyanide production absorption device includes a tower body 1, in which an absorption chamber 2 and a reaction chamber 3 are provided. The absorption chamber 2 is used for preliminarily absorbing hydrogen cyanide in the hydrogen cyanide gas, and the reaction chamber 3 is used for reacting and filtering the gas containing hydrogen cyanide, thereby achieving absorption and filtration of hydrogen cyanide in the gas and ensuring that the exhaust gas can meet the emission standards.

[0019] The absorption chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 3 are arranged side by side along the height of the tower body 1. Specifically, the absorption chamber 2 is located at the bottom of the tower body 1, and the reaction chamber 3 is located at the top of the tower body 1. A partition 102 is provided between the absorption chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 3. The partition 102 is circumferentially connected to the inner wall of the tower body 1 and serves to separate the absorption chamber 2 from the reaction chamber 3. During the absorption treatment of hydrogen cyanide gas, the hydrogen cyanide gas can pass through the absorption chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 3 in sequence, avoiding interference between the absorption chamber 2 and the reaction chamber 3, which could affect the absorption effect of hydrogen cyanide.

[0020] As attached Figure 2 As shown, an air inlet and a water inlet are provided at corresponding positions between the tower body 1 and the absorption chamber 2. One end of the air inlet communicates with an air inlet pipe 201 and the other end communicates with the absorption chamber 2. The air inlet pipe 201 is used to transport gas containing hydrogen cyanide into the absorption chamber 2 for absorption. One end of the water inlet communicates with a low-temperature water delivery pipe 202 and the other end communicates with the absorption chamber 2. The water inlet is used to deliver low-temperature water into the absorption chamber 2 to absorb the hydrogen cyanide. A liquid outlet 203 is also provided at a corresponding position between the tower body sidewall and the absorption chamber 2. This outlet 203 extends through the sidewall of the tower body 1 and communicates with the tower body. The end of the outlet 203, remote from the absorption chamber 2, is connected to a refining device via a pipeline. This outlet 203 is used to transport the aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution in the absorption chamber 2 to the refining device for refining. A control valve 204 is also provided on the liquid outlet 203 to control its closure. When the absorption chamber 2 absorbs hydrogen cyanide, there is sufficient low-temperature water in the absorption chamber 2 to absorb the hydrogen cyanide in the gas, and at the same time, it is convenient to control the concentration of the output hydrogen cyanide aqueous solution, thereby avoiding the output of a low-concentration hydrogen cyanide aqueous solution, resulting in a low utilization rate of the low-temperature water in the absorption chamber 2, and reducing the usage of the low-temperature water in the absorption chamber 2.

[0021] A jet pipe 205 is installed at the bottom of the absorption chamber 2. Specifically, one end of the jet pipe 205 is connected to the air inlet, and the other end extends toward the bottom of the absorption chamber 2. Multiple nozzles 206 are mounted on the jet pipe 205, evenly distributed across the bottom of the absorption chamber 2. The jet pipe 205 is used to inject hydrogen cyanide-containing gas into the absorption chamber 2. This allows the hydrogen cyanide-containing gas to be ejected from the bottom of the absorption chamber 2 after entering the absorption chamber 2, ensuring that the gas can pass through the low-temperature water, thereby enhancing the low-temperature water's absorption of hydrogen cyanide.

[0022] A first exhaust port 207 is provided at the top of the absorption chamber 2. Specifically, the top of the absorption chamber 2 is an arcuate surface that is recessed toward the reaction chamber 3. The first exhaust port 207 is located at the center of the arcuate surface. One end of the first exhaust port 207 communicates with the absorption chamber 2, and the other end communicates with the gas delivery pipe 4. The first exhaust port 207 is used to discharge the gas containing hydrogen cyanide absorbed by the absorption chamber 2. A demister 208 is also provided at the top of the absorption chamber 2 to remove mist from the absorbed gas. The specific structure of the demister 208 is conventional and will not be further described here.

[0023] One end of the gas pipe 4, remote from the first exhaust port 207, is connected to the reaction chamber 3. Specifically, the end of the gas pipe 4, remote from the first exhaust port 207, extends through corresponding positions in the middle of the tower body 1 and the reaction chamber 3 in the height direction. A liquid inlet is provided at corresponding positions between the tower body 1 and the reaction chamber 3. One end of the liquid inlet is connected to the absorption liquid delivery pipe 302, and the other end is connected to the reaction chamber 3. The liquid inlet is used to deliver a solution capable of reacting with hydrogen cyanide for absorption into the reaction chamber 3. Preferably, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet is used to deliver sodium hydroxide solution into the reaction chamber 3 for absorption of hydrogen cyanide. In other embodiments, other absorption and decomposition solutions can also be used to absorb and treat hydrogen cyanide in the gas. The specific structure for absorbing hydrogen cyanide in the gas using sodium hydroxide solution is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0024] An adsorption layer 301 is provided at the top of the reaction chamber 3. The adsorption layer 301 is circumferentially connected to the sidewalls of the reaction chamber 3. Adsorption structures such as filters and activated carbon are stacked and distributed within the adsorption layer 301. The adsorption layer 301 is used to absorb and filter the remaining substances in the gas after hydrogen cyanide absorption. The specific structure of the adsorption layer 301 is prior art and will not be described in detail here. A second exhaust port is also provided at the bottom of the tower body 1. One end of the second exhaust port is connected to the reaction chamber 3, and the other end is connected to the exhaust pipe 5. The exhaust pipe 5 is used to output the absorbed gas. The residual solid particles in the gas are filtered by the filter, and other toxic substances in the absorbed gas are adsorbed and filtered by the activated carbon, thereby improving the absorption effect of the gas in the absorption device.

[0025] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0026] During the absorption of hydrogen cyanide-containing gas, the gas is fed into absorption chamber 2. Low-temperature water within absorption chamber 2 absorbs the hydrogen cyanide in the gas, forming an aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution. The absorbed aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution is then transported through liquid outlet 203 to a refining device for purification and extraction of the hydrogen cyanide in the aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution. The gas initially absorbed by absorption chamber 2 is transported via gas pipe 4 to reaction chamber 3. The remaining hydrogen cyanide in the gas reacts with a solution capable of reacting and absorbing hydrogen cyanide within reaction chamber 3. The hydrogen cyanide in the gas is converted within reaction chamber 3, resulting in absorption and filtration of the hydrogen cyanide in the gas. The absorbed gas then passes through adsorption layer 301, where it absorbs and filters substances other than hydrogen cyanide, before being discharged through exhaust pipe 5.

[0027] Compared to existing technologies, this solution absorbs hydrogen cyanide from gas by first absorbing it with low-temperature water to form an aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution. This absorption in the low-temperature water is then followed by a reaction with a solution capable of reacting with hydrogen cyanide. This ensures that the hydrogen cyanide content in the gas meets emission standards while facilitating the refining and recycling of the hydrogen cyanide in the aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution. This reduces raw material loss during hydrogen cyanide production, improves the overall absorption rate, and minimizes waste of active ingredients. Furthermore, this solution can reduce the hydrogen cyanide content in the gas delivered to reaction chamber 3, lowering the pressure in reaction chamber 3 required to process hydrogen cyanide gas, and improving the overall absorption efficiency of hydrogen cyanide in the gas.

[0028] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and the commonly known specific technical solutions and / or features in the solution are not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen cyanide absorption device, characterized in that: The tower body comprises an absorption chamber and a reaction chamber which are spaced apart along the height direction. The absorption chamber is connected with an air inlet pipe and a low-temperature water delivery pipe. The air inlet pipe is used to deliver gas containing hydrogen cyanide into the absorption chamber. The low-temperature water delivery pipe is used to deliver low-temperature water into the absorption chamber. The absorption chamber and the reaction chamber are connected through an air delivery pipe. The air delivery pipe is used to deliver the gas absorbed in the absorption chamber to the reaction chamber. The reaction chamber is used to perform secondary reaction absorption on the hydrogen cyanide in the gas. The reaction chamber is connected with an exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is used to output the gas absorbed by the reaction chamber.

2. The hydrogen cyanide production absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorption chamber is located at the bottom of the tower body, the reaction chamber is located at the top of the tower body, and a partition is provided between the absorption chamber and the reaction chamber, and the partition is used to separate the absorption chamber from the reaction chamber.

3. The hydrogen cyanide production absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the tower body is provided with a liquid outlet, on which a control valve is provided, and the liquid outlet is used to output the aqueous hydrogen cyanide solution in the absorption chamber.

4. The hydrogen cyanide production absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the absorption chamber is provided with an injection pipe connected to the air inlet pipe, the injection pipe is laid at the bottom of the absorption chamber, and a plurality of nozzles are provided on the injection pipe, and the plurality of nozzles are evenly distributed at the bottom of the absorption chamber.

5. The hydrogen cyanide production absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the absorption chamber is an arc-shaped surface extending outward, and the gas delivery pipe is connected to the top of the arc-shaped surface.

6. The hydrogen cyanide production absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adsorption layer is arranged on the top of the reaction chamber, and the adsorption layer is used for absorbing and filtering the absorbed gas.

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