Abrasive belt grinding head and grinding equipment

Abstract

The abrasive belt grinding head comprises a direct contact abrasive belt polishing head, a position adjusting assembly and an oscillation assembly, and the direct contact abrasive belt polishing head comprises an abrasive belt and a driver and is used for grinding a workpiece to be machined; the position adjusting assembly drives the direct contact abrasive belt polishing head to a preset station; the vibration assembly drives the direct contact abrasive belt polishing head and the workpiece to be machined to generate relative motion. Based on an existing traditional machining mode and an oscillation assembly which is the same as an oilstone in the prior art, high-precision grinding and polishing of the roller to be machined are achieved. According to the technical scheme, the abrasive belt adaptability is high, meanwhile, a tensioning structure is designed, effective control is achieved, the production cost of an enterprise is reduced, the reliability of equipment is improved, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged; the tension compensation assembly is additionally arranged, the tension of the abrasive belt is adjusted at any time, error deviation caused by abrasion or vibration is compensated along with the machining process, the surface precision of the roller can be remarkably improved after certain calibration, and the strict requirement for high-precision parts is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of grinding processing, in particular to an abrasive belt grinding head and grinding equipment. Background Art

[0002] Superfinishing equipment plays a vital role in the manufacturing industry, especially in the production of high-precision mechanical parts. In particular, with the progress in the fields of aerospace industry, large-scale integrated circuits, laser technology, and precision instrument manufacturing, the grinding accuracy of transmission grinding equipment and processes can no longer fully meet the current needs. With the increasing requirements for machining accuracy, superfinishing technology is becoming more and more widely used. Among them, rollers, as components of key components such as bearings, have a direct impact on the performance of the entire mechanical system. They are a component that bears loads when the bearing is running and are the weakest parts of roller bearings. Its manufacturing quality has a great impact on the working performance of the bearing (such as rotation accuracy, vibration, noise, and flexibility, etc.), and is the main factor affecting the service life of the bearing. Traditional general equipment has been difficult to meet the increasingly high requirements for the accuracy of mechanical parts. Modern industry has increasingly higher requirements for the grinding accuracy of rollers. This is not only the need to improve product quality and technical level, but also the inevitable result of meeting specific application requirements and coping with market competition.

[0003] Traditional grinding tools can further improve the surface quality of the roller and reduce surface defects and waviness by changing the process parameters during grinding and selecting suitable grindstones. Alternatively, by adopting automated and intelligent ultra-precision grinding equipment, real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment of the grinding process can be achieved, and grinding efficiency and precision quality stability can be improved. Grinding accuracy can also be improved by using advanced testing equipment and technologies, such as laser scanning measurement and microscope observation, to ensure that the quality of the roller meets standards and customer needs. However, considering the cost-benefit comparison, the above solutions do not have outstanding economic value. Utility Model Content

[0004] According to the embodiments of the utility model, in order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, a sand belt grinding head is provided, comprising a direct contact sand belt polishing head, a positioning component, and an oscillation component. The direct contact sand belt polishing head comprises a sand belt and a driver. The driver drives the sand belt to move, and the sand belt contacts the workpiece to be processed to grind the workpiece to be processed; the positioning component drives the direct contact sand belt polishing head to a preset work position; and the oscillation component drives the direct contact sand belt polishing head to generate relative movement with the workpiece to be processed.

[0005] Preferably, the direct contact abrasive belt polishing head comprises a contact wheel and at least one tensioning wheel, the abrasive belt is wound around and wrapped around the contact wheel, and the portion where the contact wheel contacts the abrasive belt contacts the workpiece to be processed.

[0006] Preferably, the direct contact abrasive belt polishing head comprises a pair of tension wheels, which are arranged on a side of the contact wheel away from the workpiece to be processed, and a line connecting the rotation center of the pair of tension wheels and the rotation center of the contact wheel forms an acute angle.

[0007] Preferably, the angle between the rotation center of the pair of tension wheels and the rotation center of the contact wheel is 25 degrees to 65 degrees.

[0008] Preferably, the line connecting the rotation center of the pair of tension wheels and the rotation center of the contact wheel is 35 degrees.

[0009] Preferably, the direct contact abrasive belt polishing head further comprises a loading abrasive belt wheel and a unloading abrasive belt wheel. The abrasive belt is driven to the contact wheel by the rotation of the loading abrasive belt wheel. After grinding the workpiece to be processed, the unloading abrasive belt wheel is driven to unload the workpiece.

[0010] Preferably, a tension compensation component is provided at the rotation axis of the loading abrasive belt wheel or the unloading abrasive belt wheel, and the tension compensation component tensions the abrasive belt.

[0011] Preferably, the tensioning compensation assembly includes a fixed wedge and a movable wedge, and a tensioning sleeve is arranged outside the fixed wedge and the movable wedge. The tensioning sleeve is coaxial with the rotating axis of the loading grinding belt wheel or the unloading grinding belt wheel, and the movable wedge expands the tensioning sleeve when approaching the fixed wedge.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a broken belt detection component, which includes a moving rod, a baffle and a detection hole. The sanding belt supports the moving rod. After the sanding belt breaks, the moving rod moves and blocks the detection hole.

[0013] According to the abrasive belt grinding head of the embodiment of the utility model, by adopting the direct contact abrasive belt polishing technology, the technical solution can be based on the existing traditional processing method and the same oscillation component as the prior art oilstone, based on the existing super-precision grinding equipment, without making too much improvement in process or control, to achieve high-precision grinding and polishing of the roller to be processed. The technical solution designs a tensioning structure with low cost and simple maintenance. The tensioning wheel realizes effective control of the precision grinding of the roller surface, which not only reduces the production cost of the enterprise, but also improves the reliability and service life of the equipment. At the same time, the tension compensation component is added, which can adjust the tension of the abrasive belt at any time during the long-term processing process, and compensate for the error offset caused by wear or vibration as the processing progresses. After a certain calibration, the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the roller can be significantly improved, meeting the strict requirements of modern industry for high-precision parts, and the product qualification rate is significantly improved, bringing economic benefits to the enterprise.

[0014] According to another embodiment of the utility model, a grinding device is provided, comprising a frame and the abrasive belt grinding head of the first embodiment, wherein the abrasive belt grinding head is arranged on the frame, and an encoder is also arranged on the frame, and the encoder detects the moving speed of the abrasive belt and feeds back the signal to a driver.

[0015] According to the grinding equipment of another embodiment of the utility model, the moving speed of the sanding belt is effectively controlled through feedback adjustment, which not only significantly improves the grinding and polishing quality of the roller, but also reduces the production cost, bringing significant positive impact on the production and operation of the enterprise.

[0016] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary, and are intended to provide further explanation of the technology as claimed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the abrasive belt grinding head according to the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the abrasive belt grinding head according to the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the abrasive belt grinding head according to the first embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the present invention.

[0021] First, combine Figures 1 to 3 The abrasive belt grinding head according to the embodiment of the utility model is widely used in industrial manufacturing and other scenes such as precision mechanical parts processing with high-precision grinding and polishing. In this embodiment, the grinding roller is taken as an example for description.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the abrasive belt grinding head of the embodiment of the utility model comprises a direct contact abrasive belt polishing head 1, a positioning component, and an oscillating component 2.

[0023] Specifically, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the direct contact abrasive belt polishing head 1 comprises an abrasive belt 11 and a driver 12. The driver 12 drives the abrasive belt 11 to move, provides driving force for the abrasive belt 11 grinding head, and ensures that the abrasive belt 11 can move along a preset path. The direct contact abrasive belt 11 polishing head is the core component of the entire grinding head. The abrasive belt 11 is responsible for directly contacting the workpiece to be processed. The surface of the workpiece is ground and polished by the movement of the abrasive belt 11. The abrasive belt 11 can be matched with the precision requirements of the workpiece to be processed by replacement and selection. It has strong adaptability and is very convenient to replace, and grinds the workpiece to be processed; the positioning component drives the direct contact abrasive belt 11 polishing head to the preset position, controls the pressure and friction during the grinding process, and thus realizes precise control of the grinding effect; the oscillation component 2 drives the direct contact abrasive belt 11 polishing head to generate relative movement with the workpiece to be processed. At the same time, based on the processing method and power device of traditional equipment, it has high adaptability and does not increase additional costs.

[0024] Preferably, if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the polishing head of the direct contact abrasive belt 11 includes a contact wheel 14 and at least one tensioning wheel 13. The abrasive belt 11 is wound around and wrapped around the contact wheel 14. The contact wheel 14 and the abrasive belt 11 are in contact with the workpiece to be processed. The direct contact with the workpiece to be processed can more evenly transmit the grinding force and improve the grinding effect. The setting of the tensioning wheel 13 ensures that the abrasive belt 11 maintains appropriate tension during movement, avoids the abrasive belt 11 from being loose or overly tight, thereby extending the service life of the abrasive belt 11 and improving the grinding stability.

[0025] Preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, the polishing head of the direct contact abrasive belt 11 includes a pair of tensioning wheels 13, and the pair of tensioning wheels 13 are arranged on the side of the contact wheel 14 away from the workpiece to be processed. The rotation center of the pair of tensioning wheels 13 and the line connecting the rotation center of the contact wheel 14 form an acute angle. The pair of tensioning wheels 13 are arranged at an acute angle, which can better support and adjust the tension of the abrasive belt 11, especially when the length of the abrasive belt 11 is long, which can effectively prevent the abrasive belt 11 from deflecting or shaking during movement, thereby improving the grinding accuracy and stability.

[0026] Preferably, if Figure 3 As shown, the line connecting the rotation center of the pair of tensioning wheels 13 and the rotation center of the contact wheel 14 is 25 to 65 degrees, which can take into account the tension and stability of the abrasive belt 11, as well as the dynamic balance during the grinding process. Within this angle range, the abrasive belt 11 can be more evenly stressed, improving the grinding efficiency and quality.

[0027] Preferably, the line connecting the rotation center of a pair of tensioning wheels 13 and the rotation center of the contact wheel 14 is 35 degrees. At 35 degrees, the system can achieve better tensioning effect and grinding performance. At this time, the grinding efficiency of the sanding belt 11 can be maximized while the service life is also longer, and the economic benefits are higher.

[0028] Preferably, if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the polishing head of the direct contact abrasive belt 11 also includes a feeding abrasive belt wheel 3 and a discharging abrasive belt wheel 4. The abrasive belt 11 is driven to the contact wheel 14 by the rotation of the feeding abrasive belt wheel 3. After grinding the workpiece to be processed, the discharging is driven by the discharging abrasive belt wheel 4. The design of the feeding abrasive belt wheel 3 and the discharging abrasive belt wheel 4 makes the replacement and maintenance of the abrasive belt 11 more convenient. At the same time, this design can also ensure that the abrasive belt 11 always maintains appropriate tension and motion state during the grinding process, thereby improving grinding efficiency and stability.

[0029] Preferably, if Figure 1As shown, a tensioning compensation component 5 is provided at the rotating axis of the loading abrasive belt wheel 3 or the unloading abrasive belt wheel 4. The tensioning compensation component 5 tensions the abrasive belt 11 to compensate for the displacement error and tension error caused by relaxation caused by long-term processing, thereby ensuring that the abrasive belt 11 always maintains the best condition during long-term use.

[0030] Preferably, if Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the tension compensation assembly 5 includes a fixed wedge 51 and a movable wedge 52. A tension sleeve 53 is disposed outside the fixed wedge 51 and the movable wedge 52. The tension sleeve 53 is coaxial with the rotation axis of the feeding abrasive belt wheel 3 or the unloading abrasive belt wheel 4. The movable wedge 52 expands the tension sleeve 53 in the process of approaching the fixed wedge 51. The design of the fixed wedge 51 and the movable wedge 52 enables the tension compensation assembly 5 to accurately adjust the tension of the abrasive belt 11. By moving the movable wedge 52, the tension sleeve 53 can be expanded or contracted, thereby realizing accurate control of the tension of the abrasive belt 11. This design is simple and efficient, and can significantly improve the performance and reliability of the grinding equipment.

[0031] Preferably, if Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a broken belt detection component 6, which includes a movable rod 61, a baffle and a detection hole 62. The sanding belt 11 supports the movable rod 61. After the sanding belt 11 breaks, the movable rod 61 moves and blocks the detection hole 62. Once the sanding belt 11 is found to be broken, an alarm can be immediately issued and the equipment can be stopped. This helps to avoid equipment damage and processing errors, improve production efficiency and safety, and the structure itself is relatively simple in design, low in cost, and has a good detection effect.

[0032] When in use, the feeding abrasive belt wheel 3 introduces the abrasive belt 11, and accurately adjusts the tension of the abrasive belt 11 through the fixed wedge 51 and the movable wedge 52 of the tension compensation component 5. The abrasive belt 11 is driven to the contact wheel 14 by the rotation of the feeding abrasive belt wheel 3, and contacts with the surface of the workpiece for grinding. After grinding, the abrasive belt 11 is driven to be unloaded by the unloading abrasive belt wheel 4. During the entire grinding process, the broken belt detection component 6 monitors the operating status of the abrasive belt 11 in real time. Once the abrasive belt 11 is found to be broken, the equipment operation will be stopped immediately to ensure production safety. The design of the entire equipment fully considers the grinding accuracy, stability and safety, and can meet the grinding needs of modern industry for high-precision parts.

[0033] Above, refer to Figures 1 to 3The invention describes the grinding head of the abrasive belt 11 according to the embodiment of the utility model. By adopting the polishing technology of the direct contact abrasive belt 11, the technical scheme can be based on the existing traditional processing method and the oscillating component 2 which is the same as the oilstone of the prior art, based on the existing super-finishing equipment, without making too much improvement in process or control, and can realize high-precision grinding and polishing of the roller to be processed. The technical scheme can realize high-precision grinding and polishing of workpieces of different materials and precision requirements by selecting the appropriate abrasive belt 11 material and particle size, and has strong adaptability and is very convenient to replace. At the same time, a tensioning structure with low cost and simple maintenance is designed, and the tensioning wheel 13 realizes effective control of the precision grinding of the roller surface, which not only reduces the production cost of the enterprise, but also improves the reliability and service life of the equipment. At the same time, a tensioning compensation component is added, which can adjust the tension of the abrasive belt 11 at any time during the long-term processing process, and compensate for the error offset caused by wear or vibration as the processing progresses. After a certain calibration, the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the roller can be significantly improved, which meets the strict requirements of modern industry for high-precision parts, and the product qualification rate is significantly improved, which brings economic benefits to the enterprise.

[0034] Secondly, combine Figure 3 A grinding device according to a second embodiment of the utility model is described, which includes a frame and a grinding head of the abrasive belt 11 of the first embodiment. The grinding head of the abrasive belt 11 is arranged on the frame, and an encoder is also arranged on the frame. The encoder detects the moving speed of the abrasive belt 11 and feeds back the signal to the driver 12.

[0035] According to the grinding device of the second embodiment of the utility model, Figure 3 As shown, through feedback regulation, the moving speed of the sand belt 11 is effectively controlled, which not only significantly improves the grinding and polishing quality of the roller, but also reduces the production cost, bringing significant positive impact on the production and operation of the enterprise.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more than two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “inside”, “outside”, “top”, and “bottom” are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this specification, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0038] Although the content of the utility model has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be considered as a limitation of the utility model. After reading the above content, various modifications and substitutions of the utility model will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be limited by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A belt grinding head, used for grinding a roller to be processed at a preset station, characterized in that: Include: A direct contact abrasive belt polishing head, wherein the direct contact abrasive belt polishing head comprises an abrasive belt and a driver, wherein the driver drives the abrasive belt to move, and the abrasive belt contacts a workpiece to be processed to grind the workpiece to be processed; A positioning assembly, the positioning assembly drives the direct-contact abrasive belt polishing head to the preset position; An oscillating component drives the direct-contact abrasive belt polishing head and the workpiece to be processed to generate relative movement.

2. The abrasive belt grinding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direct contact abrasive belt polishing head comprises a contact wheel and at least one tensioning wheel, the abrasive belt is wound around and wrapped around the contact wheel, and the contact wheel is in contact with the abrasive belt at a portion in contact with the workpiece to be processed.

3. The abrasive belt grinding head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direct contact abrasive belt polishing head comprises a pair of tensioning wheels, which are arranged on a side of the contact wheel away from the workpiece to be processed, and a line connecting the rotation centers of the pair of tensioning wheels and the rotation center of the contact wheel forms an acute angle.

4. The abrasive belt grinding head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The line connecting the rotation center of the pair of tension wheels and the rotation center of the contact wheel is 25 degrees to 65 degrees.

5. The abrasive belt grinding head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The line connecting the rotation center of the pair of tension wheels and the rotation center of the contact wheel is 35 degrees.

6. The abrasive belt grinding head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direct contact abrasive belt polishing head also includes a loading abrasive belt wheel and a unloading abrasive belt wheel. The abrasive belt is driven to the contact wheel by the rotation of the loading abrasive belt wheel. After grinding the workpiece to be processed, the unloading abrasive belt wheel is driven to unload the workpiece.

7. The abrasive belt grinding head according to claim 6, characterized in that: A tensioning compensation component is provided at the rotating shaft of the loading abrasive belt wheel or the unloading abrasive belt wheel, and the tensioning compensation component tensions the abrasive belt.

8. The abrasive belt grinding head according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tension compensation assembly includes a fixed wedge and a movable wedge, and a tension sleeve is arranged outside the fixed wedge and the movable wedge. The tension sleeve is coaxial with the rotation axis of the loading grinding belt wheel or the unloading grinding belt wheel, and the movable wedge expands the tension sleeve when approaching the fixed wedge.

9. The abrasive belt grinding head according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a broken belt detection component, which comprises a moving rod, a baffle and a detection hole. The sanding belt supports the moving rod. After the sanding belt breaks, the moving rod moves and blocks the detection hole.

10. A grinding device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame and the abrasive belt grinding head according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the abrasive belt grinding head is arranged on the frame, and an encoder is also arranged on the frame, and the encoder detects the moving speed of the abrasive belt and feeds back the signal to the driver.

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