Open caisson structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses an open caisson structure which comprises an open caisson main body, a plurality of buffer cavities for communicating the inner wall of the open caisson main body with the outer wall of the open caisson main body are formed in the open caisson main body, and the buffer cavities are arranged close to the bottom of the open caisson main body and used for changing the water pressure difference between the inner wall of the open caisson main body and the outer wall of the open caisson main body; in the sinking process of the open caisson main body, the inner wall and the outer wall of the open caisson main body can be communicated through the buffer cavity according to the water level difference of different areas outside the open caisson main body, so that the influence of asymmetric water pressure outside the open caisson main body on the open caisson main body is reduced to the minimum; the risk that the open caisson body inclines in the sinking process due to the fact that the large water level difference is generated in different areas outside a water-rich stratum well due to the asymmetric seepage influence is dealt with, and the construction process of the open caisson body is safer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of construction, in particular to a caisson structure. Background Art

[0002] The main body of the caisson is a shaft-shaped structure that plays an important role in supporting the bridge platform or other structures. Its construction process is quite delicate. First, the soil is dug in the well. Then, the main body of the caisson relies on its own gravity to overcome the friction of the well wall and sink steadily to the predetermined design elevation. After that, the main body of the caisson is fixed by the concrete bottom sealing and the filling of the well hole, and serves as a stable foundation for the structure.

[0003] However, in areas with abundant water resources and high groundwater levels, geological conditions are often more complex. The different permeability of underground rock formations and the separation of rock formations, among other factors, lead to different groundwater levels in a small area in the same area. As the main body of the caisson continues to sink, the water pressure difference at different locations at the same horizontal height outside the main body of the caisson gradually increases. This asymmetric water pressure will directly act on the wall of the main body of the caisson. The imbalance of water pressure on the wall of the main body of the caisson may directly lead to the risk of the main body of the caisson tilting during the sinking construction process, thereby affecting the stability and safety of the entire structure. Therefore, it is urgent to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a caisson structure, which is used to balance the water level difference in different areas outside the well in the water-rich formation, balance the water pressure of the caisson main body wall through the buffer cavity, and improve the stability and safety of the entire structure.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A caisson structure comprises a caisson body, wherein a plurality of buffer cavities are provided inside the caisson body, connecting the inner wall of the caisson body with the outer wall of the caisson body;

[0007] The buffer cavity is arranged close to the bottom of the caisson body and is used to change the water pressure difference between the inner wall of the caisson body and the outer wall of the caisson body.

[0008] As a further solution of the utility model: the buffer cavity includes a sand settling space and at least two water guide channels, one end of the water guide channel is connected to the sand settling space, and the other end of the water guide channel is connected to the side wall of the caisson body.

[0009] As a further solution of the utility model: the height of the bottom of the sand settling space is lower than the height of the bottom of the water guiding channel.

[0010] As a further solution of the utility model: the water-conducting channel is in a horizontal state, and the two water-conducting channels share the same axis.

[0011] As a further solution of the utility model: the water guide channel is arranged obliquely, and the end of the water guide channel connected to the sand settling space is lower than the end connected to the outer wall or the inner wall of the caisson body.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the water guide channel includes a plurality of water guide ports.

[0013] As a further solution of the utility model: the caisson body is further provided with a plurality of grouting through holes, one end of the grouting through hole is connected to the top of the caisson body, and the other end is connected to the buffer cavity.

[0014] As a further solution of the utility model: a blade foot is vertically arranged at the bottom of the caisson body, and the cutting edge of the blade foot is far away from the bottom of the caisson body.

[0015] As a further solution of the utility model: the buffer cavity is a water guide channel connecting the inner wall and the outer wall of the caisson body.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] 1. The utility model is used to balance the water level difference in different areas outside the well in the water-rich formation, balance the water pressure of the well wall of the caisson body through the buffer cavity, and improve the stability and safety of the entire structure.

[0018] 2. The utility model adopts a prefabricated caisson body for use in a water-rich stratum, and has an inclined structure to balance the water level difference in different areas outside the well and the effect on the sinking of the caisson body; when the caisson body is lowered, the water outside the caisson body can flow through the buffer cavity, so that the influence of the asymmetric water pressure outside the caisson body on the caisson body is minimized, which is safer.

[0019] 3. The buffer cavity in the utility model includes a water guide channel and a sand settling space. The sand settling space greatly reduces the scouring of the wall of the caisson body caused by the surge in water pressure, plays the role of a buffer zone, further reduces the risk of tilting caused by the uneven distribution of water level differences outside the well during the sinking process of the original caisson body, and further improves the safety of the project during the construction of the caisson body.

[0020] 4. The utility model utilizes multiple water guide ports of the water guide channel to form a water guide and sand filtering structure, which effectively reduces the intrusion of mud and large particles into the buffer cavity during the sinking process of the caisson body, reduces the possibility of mud and sand clogging the water guide channel, ensures the normal operation of the water guide channel, and achieves a better balance between the water level difference between the outer wall and the inner wall of the caisson body.

[0021] 5. After the caisson body sinks to the designed water level, the utility model uses the grouting through hole to connect the silt removal equipment to remove the silt in the buffer cavity, and then uses the grouting through hole to perform underwater grouting to complete the filling of the buffer cavity. In addition, steel bars are pre-embedded in the buffer cavity, which can withstand more lateral soil pressure after the concrete solidifies, thereby ensuring structural reliability and structural integrity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a caisson structure in which the ring pieces of the caisson structure are assembled into a caisson main body.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the main body of the middle caisson.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of a caisson structure in the utility model.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a partial cross-sectional view of another caisson structure after adding a water guide port in the utility model.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Another perspective view of the image.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a partial cross-sectional view of another caisson structure in the utility model.

[0028] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of another caisson structure in the utility model.

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1. Ring piece; 2. Caisson body; 3. Buffer cavity; 4. Sand settling space; 5. Water channel; 6. Grouting hole; 7. Water outlet; 8. Blade foot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] See also Figure 1-Figure 3In an embodiment of the utility model, a caisson structure includes a caisson body 2, and a plurality of buffer cavities 3 are opened inside the caisson body 2 to connect the inner wall of the caisson body 2 with the outer wall of the caisson body 2. The buffer cavity 3 is arranged near the bottom of the caisson body 2 to change the water pressure difference between the inner wall of the caisson body 2 and the outer wall of the caisson body 2; during the sinking process of the caisson body 2, the water level difference in different areas outside the caisson body 2 is made, and the buffer cavity 3 can be used to connect the inner wall and the outer wall of the caisson body 2, so as to minimize the influence of the asymmetric water pressure outside the caisson body 2 on the caisson body 2, so as to cope with the risk of tilting of the caisson body 2 during the sinking process due to the large water level difference caused by the asymmetric seepage in different areas outside the well in the water-rich formation, so as to make the construction process of the caisson body 2 safer.

[0033] The buffer cavity 3 includes a sand settling space 4 and at least two water guiding channels 5, one end of the water guiding channel 5 is connected to the sand settling space 4, and the other end of the water guiding channel 5 is connected to the side wall of the caisson body 2. The water guiding channel 5 is in a horizontal state, and the two water guiding channels 5 share the same axis. The sand settling space 4 is used to alleviate the impact of the water guiding channels 5 on both sides. At the same time, it can also reduce the scouring of the wall of the caisson body 2 due to the surge in water pressure, play the role of a buffer zone, and extend the service life of the caisson body 2. The height of the bottom of the sand settling space 4 is lower than the height of the bottom of the water guiding channel 5, so that the silt entering the buffer cavity 3 can be more deposited in the sand settling space 4, so that the water flow can enter and exit the buffer cavity 3 more smoothly, better balance the water level difference between the inner wall and the outer wall of the caisson body 2, reduce the risk of tilting of the caisson body 2 due to uneven distribution of the water level difference, and make the construction process of the caisson body 2 safer.

[0034] The caisson body 2 is also provided with a plurality of grouting holes 6, one end of the grouting holes 6 is connected to the top of the caisson body 2, and the other end is connected to the buffer cavity 3. When the caisson body 2 drops to the designed water level, a large amount of silt remains in the buffer cavity 3. If subsequent construction is carried out directly, it will affect the reliability and integrity of the caisson body 2 during use. Therefore, the grouting holes 6 are first connected to the external silt removal equipment to remove the silt remaining in the buffer cavity 3, and then the buffer cavity 3 is underwater grouting through the grouting holes 6. Before grouting, the buffer cavity 3 is pre-embedded with steel bars, and then the buffer cavity 3 is filled with concrete to ensure that it can withstand more side soil pressure after the concrete solidifies, so as to ensure the structural reliability and structural integrity of the caisson body 2. In the present embodiment, the caisson body 2 is an assembled structure, which is formed into a ring by a plurality of caisson body 2 ring plates 1 assembled by staggered seams. In other embodiments, the caisson body 2 may also adopt an integrated structure.

[0035] A blade foot 8 is also vertically arranged at the bottom of the caisson body 2. The cutting edge of the blade foot 8 is away from the bottom of the caisson body 2, which is convenient for controlling the descent of the caisson body 2 in the soil layer. The blade foot 8 is a sharp part at the lower end of the outer wall of the caisson body 2. Its function is to reduce the contact area between the caisson structure as a whole and the soil layer to increase the pressure, so that the caisson body 2 can more conveniently cut into the soil under the action of its own weight and reach the designed position faster; since the blade foot 8 is a part with concentrated force, it is not only subject to the self-weight pressure of the caisson body 2 above, but also to the force of the soil layer below. The blade foot 8 must have sufficient strength to avoid deflection and damage. Therefore, the grouting through hole 6 and the buffer cavity 3 are located at the bottom of the caisson body 2 and away from the blade foot 8 to avoid damaging the structural strength of the blade foot 8.

[0036] The overall assembly process of the caisson structure is as follows:

[0037] First, on the cushion layer cast on site, the individual pieces of the blade foot 8 are spliced ​​into a ring to form a complete blade foot ring. After the blade foot ring is assembled, four bolt holes are left in the longitudinal direction and four bolt holes are left in the transverse direction on each ring piece 1. Thirty high-strength bolts are inserted into the reserved holes to fasten the connection. In this way, the prefabricated ring pieces 1 are installed layer by layer, and the adjacent ring pieces 1 are connected by mortise and tenon joints (it should be noted that the mortise and tenon joints between the ring pieces 1 are a commonly used connection method for assembled caisson structures. Since this connection method is a prior art, it will not be repeated here), so as to assemble the caisson body 2. The caisson body 2 and the blade foot 8 constitute the caisson structure as a whole. After the overall assembly of the caisson structure is completed, the entire caisson structure is installed. During the installation process, in order to ensure the integrity of the caisson body 2, each layer of the ring segments 1 is assembled with staggered vertical seams, and the openings of the longitudinally reserved buffer cavities 3 and grouting holes 6 on the ring segments 1 are aligned up and down to ensure that after the assembly is completed, the multiple buffer cavities 3 and grouting holes 6 on the caisson body 2 are all conductive, and the water level difference can be balanced and grouting can be achieved.

[0038] During the sinking process of the caisson structure, the caisson body 2 may be offset due to uneven soil or obstacles in the soil, which needs to be dealt with and corrected in time. If the caisson body 2 is already tilted, the digging can be strengthened on the side with the higher blade foot 8, and sand and gravel can be appropriately backfilled on the side with the lower blade foot 8 to correct the deviated caisson body 2. After the caisson structure is in the right position, the soil can be evenly taken in layers again to sink the caisson structure.

[0039] The working principle of the utility model is: when the utility model is used, the assembled caisson structure is placed at the target position, and the extended arm excavator is used to dig the soil to realize the sinking of the caisson structure. First, the soil in the middle of the caisson main body 2 is dug to form a pot shape, and then the range and depth of the pot body are expanded, so that the caisson structure slowly sinks under the action of its own gravity, and then the soil at the blade foot 8 is dug (or the soil at the blade foot 8 is dug manually with tools) to allow the caisson structure to sink steadily and faster. After the caisson body 2 descends to a certain depth, groundwater will enter the interior of the caisson body 2 from the buffer cavity 3 to balance the water level difference between the outer wall of the caisson body 2 and the inner wall of the caisson body 2, and most of the silt will remain in the sedimentation space 4; when the caisson body 2 sinks to the set elevation, it is first connected to the grouting through hole 6 through an external silt removal equipment to remove the silt in the buffer cavity 3, and then underwater grouting is performed through the grouting through hole 6 to fill the buffer cavity 3 with concrete to ensure the structural stability of the caisson body 2. After the concrete solidifies, a settlement inspection is carried out, and finally the caisson structure is subjected to underwater bottom sealing treatment to ensure that the pressure and environmental conditions in the well are stable.

[0040] Embodiment 2:

[0041] Reference Figure 4-Figure 5 In the embodiment of the utility model, based on the caisson structure of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 further makes the following improvements:

[0042] The water guide channel 5 includes multiple water guide ports 7, and the water guide ports 7 are arranged in the water guide channel 5 on the side close to the outer wall of the caisson body 2. The water guide ports 7 are used to reduce the amount of mud and sand entering the interior of the caisson body 2, effectively reduce the intrusion of mud and sand and large particles into the buffer cavity 3 during the sinking process of the caisson body 2, reduce the possibility of mud and sand clogging the water guide channel 5, ensure the normal operation of the water guide channel 5, and achieve a better balance between the water level difference between the outer wall of the caisson body 2 and the inner wall of the caisson body 2.

[0043] Embodiment three:

[0044] Reference Figure 6 In the embodiment of the utility model, based on the caisson structure of the embodiment one, the embodiment three also makes the following improvements:

[0045] The water guiding channel 5 is arranged at an angle, and the end of the water guiding channel 5 connected to the sedimentation space 4 is lower than the end connected to the outer wall or inner wall of the caisson body 2. The inclined water guiding channel 5 can make the sediment retained in the buffer cavity 3 better deposited in the sedimentation space 4, and the sedimentation space 4 can accommodate more sediment to ensure the smooth flow of the buffer cavity 3, so that the water level difference outside the caisson body 2 can maintain balance faster and more safely.

[0046] Embodiment 4:

[0047] Reference Figure 7 In the embodiment of the utility model, based on the caisson structure of the embodiment one, the embodiment four also makes the following improvements:

[0048] The buffer cavity 3 is a water-conducting channel 5 connecting the inner wall and the outer wall of the caisson body 2. The water on both sides of the caisson body 2 is connected through the water-conducting channel 5, and the mud and sand entering the water-conducting channel 5 are flushed out of the caisson body 2 along the direction of the water flow. The connected water-conducting channel 5 is used to ensure the water pressure balance on both sides of the caisson body 2 to avoid tilting or damage of the caisson structure due to unbalanced water pressure on both sides of the caisson body 2.

[0049] Of course, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but also includes the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0050] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0051] The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known techniques.

Claims

1. A caisson structure, characterized in that: It comprises a caisson body (2), wherein a plurality of buffer cavities (3) are provided inside the caisson body (2) and connect the inner wall of the caisson body (2) with the outer wall of the caisson body (2); The buffer cavity (3) is arranged close to the bottom of the caisson body (2) and is used to change the water pressure difference between the inner wall of the caisson body (2) and the outer wall of the caisson body (2).

2. A caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer cavity (3) comprises a sand settling space (4) and at least two water guide channels (5), one end of the water guide channel (5) is connected to the sand settling space (4), and the other end of the water guide channel (5) is in communication with the side wall of the caisson body (2).

3. A caisson structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The height of the bottom of the sand settling space (4) is lower than the height of the bottom of the water guiding channel (5).

4. A caisson structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-conducting channel (5) is in a horizontal state, and the two water-conducting channels (5) share the same axis.

5. The caisson structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water guide channel (5) is arranged at an angle, and the end of the water guide channel (5) connected to the sand settling space (4) is lower than the end connected to the outer wall or the inner wall of the caisson body (2).

6. The caisson structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water conducting channel (5) comprises a plurality of water conducting ports (7).

7. The caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The caisson body (2) is also provided with a plurality of grouting through holes (6), one end of the grouting through hole (6) is connected to the top of the caisson body (2), and the other end is connected to the buffer cavity (3).

8. The caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blade foot (8) is also vertically arranged at the bottom of the caisson body (2), and the cutting edge of the blade foot (8) is away from the bottom of the caisson body (2).

9. The caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer cavity (3) is a water-conducting channel (5) connecting the inner wall and the outer wall of the caisson body (2).

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