Impeller structure and compressor

Abstract

The utility model provides an impeller structure and a compressor, and the impeller structure comprises a main shaft which is rotatably arranged; the impeller is connected with the main shaft; the diffuser plate and the impeller cover are correspondingly arranged, so that a diffusion channel for airflow to flow out is formed between the diffuser plate and the impeller cover; the balance disc is connected with the main shaft, and a comb tooth sealing structure is arranged between the balance disc and the diffuser plate; the comb tooth sealing structure is connected with the balance disc and the diffuser plate in a sealed mode. Wherein a sealing channel is arranged on the comb tooth sealing structure; the sealing channel is communicated to the balance disc, and the sealing channel is communicated to the outside of the diffuser plate; sealing fluid circulates in the sealing channel, the sealing fluid abuts against the comb tooth sealing structure, and the impeller structure solves the technical problem that an impeller main shaft of a compressor in the related technology is prone to moving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of impellers, in particular to an impeller structure and a compressor. Background Art

[0002] For a water vapor compressor, when the impeller rotates at high speed, its rotating shaft will generate a large axial force, which will cause the rotating shaft to move axially, affecting the stability of the water vapor compressor during operation. In order to prevent the rotating shaft from moving, a balancing disc is installed on the rotating shaft to offset the axial force of the rotating shaft, so that the rotating shaft is balanced in the axial force. The balancing disc is a component that uses the pressure difference on both sides of itself to balance the axial force generated by the impeller. A seal is installed on the outer edge of the balancing disc to reduce gas leakage.

[0003] However, the traditional balancing disk is sealed with a comb-tooth seal structure. Since the gap of the comb-tooth seal is usually large, the gas leakage is large, resulting in the pressure difference on both sides of the balancing disk failing to achieve the expected effect, causing the main shaft to move and the compressor to consume more energy.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art needs to be further developed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and provide an impeller structure and a compressor to solve the technical problem that the impeller main shaft of the compressor in the related art is prone to movement.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: an impeller structure is provided, including: a main shaft, rotatably arranged; an impeller, connected to the main shaft; a diffuser plate and an impeller cover, the diffuser plate and the impeller cover are arranged correspondingly to form a diffusion channel for air flow to flow out between the diffuser plate and the impeller cover; a balancing disk, the balancing disk is connected to the main shaft, and a comb-tooth sealing structure is arranged between the balancing disk and the diffuser plate; the comb-tooth sealing structure is sealed and connected to the balancing disk and the diffuser plate; wherein a sealing channel is arranged on the comb-tooth sealing structure; the sealing channel is connected to the balancing disk, and the sealing channel is connected to the outside of the diffuser plate; a sealing fluid flows in the sealing channel, and the sealing fluid abuts against the comb-tooth sealing structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the comb-tooth sealing structure is sleeved on the balancing disk; the comb-tooth sealing structure includes a connecting hole, in which a plurality of first sealing portions protruding from the inner wall of the connecting hole are arranged, the plurality of first sealing portions are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of first sealing portions are all in contact with the balancing disk.

[0008] Furthermore, first sealing portions are provided on opposite sides of the sealing channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the balancing disc includes: a first balancing flange, the first balancing flange is inserted into the connecting hole, and the first sealing portion abuts against the first balancing flange; a second balancing flange, the second balancing flange is connected to the first balancing flange, and a second sealing portion is arranged on the second balancing flange, the second sealing portion protrudes from the outer edge of the second balancing flange, and the second sealing portion abuts against the diffuser plate.

[0010] Further, there are a plurality of second sealing parts, which are arranged at intervals; and / or, an outer diameter of the second balancing flange is greater than an outer diameter of the first balancing flange.

[0011] Furthermore, the comb tooth sealing structure includes: a first sealing body, the first sealing body is arranged around the main shaft, and the sealing channel is arranged on the first sealing body; a second sealing body, the second sealing body is arranged around the main shaft, the second sealing body is connected to the first sealing body, and the second sealing body is located on the side of the first sealing body away from the second balancing flange; the first sealing body and the second sealing body are both provided with a first sealing part.

[0012] Furthermore, a flow guiding structure for guiding the fluid to the main shaft is arranged on the end surface of the second balancing flange, and there are multiple flow guiding structures, which are arranged around the main shaft.

[0013] Further, the flow-guiding structure is a symmetrical structure, and a symmetry plane of the flow-guiding structure passes through the axis of the main shaft; and / or, the flow-guiding structure is a blade-shaped structure.

[0014] Furthermore, a water seal channel is provided on the diffuser plate, one end of the water seal channel is connected to the sealing channel, the other end of the water seal channel is connected to the outside of the diffuser plate, and the extending direction of the water seal channel is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, along the direction of the sealing channel approaching the main axis, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sealing channel gradually increases.

[0016] A compressor comprises an impeller structure, wherein the impeller structure is the impeller structure mentioned above.

[0017] Beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The outer edge of the balance disk of the impeller structure of the utility model is provided with comb teeth seal to reduce gas leakage.

[0019] 2. The outer edge of the balance disk of the impeller structure of the utility model increases the water seal, reduces the gas leakage, and increases the pressure difference on both sides to offset the axial force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the impeller structure adopted in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2It is a structural schematic diagram of the comb seal structure of the impeller structure adopted in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a balancing disk of an impeller structure adopted in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view of the balancing disk of the impeller structure adopted in the embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first sealing portion of the comb teeth sealing structure provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0026] 1. Main shaft; 2. Impeller; 3. Diffuser plate; 31. Water seal flow channel; 4. Impeller cover; 5. Balance plate; 51. First balance flange; 52. Second balance flange; 521. Second sealing part;

[0027] 522, flow guide structure; 6, comb seal structure; 61, sealing channel; 601, first sealing body;

[0028] 602, second sealing body; 62, first sealing part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 5According to an embodiment of the utility model, an impeller structure is provided, comprising: a main shaft 1, rotatably arranged; an impeller 2, connected to the main shaft 1; a diffuser plate 3 and an impeller cover 4, the diffuser plate 3 and the impeller cover 4 are arranged correspondingly to form a diffusion channel for air flow to flow out between the diffuser plate 3 and the impeller cover 4; a balancing disk 5, the balancing disk 5 is connected to the main shaft 1, and a comb-tooth sealing structure 6 is arranged between the balancing disk 5 and the diffuser plate 3; the comb-tooth sealing structure 6 is sealed and connected to both the balancing disk 5 and the diffuser plate 3; wherein a sealing channel 61 is arranged on the comb-tooth sealing structure 6; the sealing channel 61 is connected to the balancing disk 5, and the sealing channel 61 is connected to the outside of the diffuser plate 3; a sealing fluid flows in the sealing channel 61, and the sealing fluid abuts against the comb-tooth sealing structure 6. By adopting the above-mentioned arrangement, a sealing channel 61 is provided and cooling water is introduced to play the role of a water seal. The water seal has a better sealing effect on the gas and can prevent the leakage of high-pressure gas from causing the pressure difference on both sides of the balance disk 5 to decrease, resulting in a reduction in the effect of the balance disk 5 to offset the axial force and cause the main shaft 1 to move, thereby solving the technical problem of the main shaft of the compressor being easy to move.

[0031] Specifically, since the heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the impeller 2 will reduce the sealing performance of the comb-tooth sealing structure 6, the introduction of cooling water can absorb the heat and keep the sealing performance of the comb-tooth sealing structure 6 intact.

[0032] See also Figures 1 to 4 In the impeller structure of the present embodiment, the comb-tooth sealing structure 6 is sleeved on the balancing disk 5; the comb-tooth sealing structure 6 includes a connecting hole, in which a plurality of first sealing portions 62 protruding from the inner wall of the connecting hole are arranged, and the plurality of first sealing portions 62 are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of first sealing portions 62 are all in contact with the balancing disk 5.

[0033] Specifically, the plurality of first sealing portions 62 form a comb-teeth seal structure, which is also called a labyrinth seal. The labyrinth seal is formed by arranging many tortuous annular chambers between the rotating rotor and the stator. When the leakage gas flows through the gap of the labyrinth seal, the flow rate is reduced due to the resistance generated along the way, which is called the "labyrinth effect". For gas, there are four effects, including flow contraction effect, air permeability effect, thermodynamic effect and friction effect.

[0034] See also Figure 2 In the impeller structure of this embodiment, first sealing parts 62 are provided on opposite sides of the sealing channel 61. In this way, comb-teeth sealing structures are arranged on both sides of the water seal, so that the sealing structure is reasonably matched and the sealing performance is improved.

[0035] In the impeller structure of this embodiment, see Figure 3 , Figure 4The balancing disc 5 includes: a first balancing flange 51, which is inserted into the connecting hole, and the first sealing portion 62 abuts against the first balancing flange 51; a second balancing flange 52, which is connected to the first balancing flange 51, and a second sealing portion 521 is provided on the second balancing flange 52, and the second sealing portion 521 protrudes from the outer edge of the second balancing flange 52, and the second sealing portion 521 abuts against the diffuser plate 3.

[0036] Specifically, although the introduced cooling water can play a role of water seal, the cooling water can easily flow into the motor cavity through the gap between the second sealing portion 521 and the balancing disk 5. In order to prevent this from happening, a second sealing portion 521 is added to the outer edge of the second balancing flange 52. The balancing disk 5 will rotate at high speed as the main shaft rotates. When the cooling water flows into the gap between the outer edge of the balancing disk 5 and the second sealing portion 521, due to the action of the second sealing portion 521, the cooling water will diffuse to the side of the second sealing portion 521 as the main shaft rotates. The second sealing portion 521 has a higher temperature and can evaporate the cooling water, thereby effectively avoiding the leakage of cooling water and ensuring a better water seal effect.

[0037] See also Figure 3 In the impeller structure of this embodiment, there are multiple second sealing parts 521, and the multiple second sealing parts 521 are arranged at intervals, thereby improving the sealing performance.

[0038] The outer diameter of the second balancing flange 52 is greater than the outer diameter of the first balancing flange 51. Thus, when the fluid in the sealing channel 61 is thrown out during movement, the second balancing flange 52 with a larger outer diameter can prevent the fluid from penetrating into the interior.

[0039] See also Figure 2 In the impeller structure of this embodiment, the comb-teeth seal structure 6 includes: a first seal body 601, which is arranged around the main shaft 1, and a sealing channel 61 is arranged on the first seal body 601; a second seal body 602, which is arranged around the main shaft 1, connected to the first seal body 601, and located on the side of the first seal body 601 away from the second balancing flange 52; and a first sealing portion 62 is arranged on both the first seal body 601 and the second seal body 602. In this way, by arranging the second seal body 602, the arrangement length of the first seal portion 62 can be increased, and the sealing channel 61 is only arranged on the first seal body 601, which can reduce the size of the structure and reduce the weight of the equipment.

[0040] In the impeller structure of this embodiment, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 A flow guiding structure 522 for guiding the fluid to the main shaft 1 is arranged on the end surface of the second balancing flange 52 . There are multiple flow guiding structures 522 , and the multiple flow guiding structures are arranged around the main shaft 1 .

[0041] A guide structure 522 is provided on the upper surface of the balancing disc 5, and the rotation direction of the guide structure 522 is consistent with the main shaft 1. The cooling water entering through the comb seal structure rotates with the balancing disc 5, and the higher the temperature near the axis, the higher the temperature. In this way, the cooling water can better play its cooling role, and it can also avoid the compressor power being too low, the motor temperature is relatively low, the cooling water cannot be completely vaporized, and leaks to the motor cavity side.

[0042] See also Figure 4 In the impeller structure of this embodiment, the guide structure 522 is a symmetrical structure, and the symmetry plane of the guide structure passes through the axis of the main shaft 1; and / or, the guide structure 522 is a blade-shaped structure. Through the above arrangement, the blade structure on the surface of the balancing disk 5 will cause the cooling water to gather toward the main shaft side as the balancing disk 5 rotates, and the cooling water can cool the main shaft and improve the performance of the equipment.

[0043] See also Figure 1 In the impeller structure of this embodiment, a water seal channel 31 is provided on the diffuser plate 3, one end of the water seal channel 31 is connected to the sealing channel 61, and the other end of the water seal channel 31 is connected to the outside of the diffuser plate 3, and the extending direction of the water seal channel 31 is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft 1. In this way, the water seal channel 31 on the diffuser plate 3 is a straight hole, and the cooling water can quickly flow to the comb seal to cool the comb seal.

[0044] In the impeller structure of this embodiment, see Figure 2 , along the direction of the sealing channel 61 approaching the main shaft 1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sealing channel 61 gradually increases.

[0045] Most of the heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the impeller 2 is absorbed by the main shaft 1 and the comb-tooth sealing structure 6. The temperature is higher near the shaft side, and the cooling water is easier to vaporize. Therefore, the sealing channel 61 of the comb-tooth sealing structure 6 can be designed as a tapered hole, and the hole diameter is larger near the shaft side. This can prevent the cooling water from vaporizing due to the excessively high temperature of the comb-tooth seal on the shaft side, thereby failing to achieve the water seal effect. It can also better cool the comb-tooth seal to ensure the sealing effect of the comb-tooth seal.

[0046] The compressor of this embodiment includes an impeller structure, and the impeller structure is the impeller structure described above. The balancing disk of the compressor of this embodiment aims at the problem that the gap of the comb-teeth sealing structure of the ordinary balancing disk is usually large, resulting in large gas leakage, small pressure difference on both sides of the balancing disk, and high energy consumption of the compressor. By adding a comb-teeth seal and a water seal device on the outer edge of the balancing disk 5, the gas leakage is reduced, the energy consumption of the compressor is reduced, and the main shaft is prevented from moving.

[0047] Embodiment 1:

[0048] See also Figure 1The volute 1 is an irregular part. The air inlet end face of the volute 1 is equivalent to the wheel cover of the closed impeller, which cooperates with the blades of the impeller 2, so that the impeller 2 works on the inlet airflow to increase its speed and pressure. The left end face of the diffuser plate 3 and the right end face of the volute 1 form an airflow diffusion channel, so that the outlet airflow of the impeller 2 can be diffused and the pressure can be increased.

[0049] The impeller 2 is the core component of the steam compressor. When the impeller 2 rotates at high speed to do work, the temperature and pressure of the air flow continue to rise, and the heat gradually diffuses toward the motor. The left end of the balancing disc 7 is high-pressure steam and the right end is air. A certain pressure difference is generated at both ends, so the axial force generated by the high-speed rotation of the main shaft 1 can be offset. However, the ordinary balancing disc is sealed by a comb-tooth seal structure. Since the gap between the comb-tooth seal and the balancing disc is usually large, it leads to a large amount of gas leakage. In order to solve the problem of excessive gap between the comb-tooth seal and the balancing disc, Figure 1 As shown, the high-pressure gas discharged from the exhaust port of the impeller 2 will flow to the motor side. Conventional compressors use comb-teeth seals to isolate the gas discharged from the exhaust port of the impeller 2 from flowing into the motor cavity. Currently, the effect of simply using comb-teeth seals to isolate the high-pressure gas from flowing into the motor cavity cannot achieve the best effect. In this embodiment, water inlet holes are set on the diffuser plate 3 and the comb-teeth seal structure 6, and cooling water is introduced. This can play the role of a water seal to prevent the leakage of high-pressure gas from causing the pressure difference on both sides of the balance disk to decrease, resulting in the balance disk's role in offsetting the axial force and causing the main shaft to move. At the same time, the heat generated by the high-speed rotation of the impeller 2 will reduce the sealing performance of the comb-teeth seal structure 6. The introduction of cooling water can absorb heat, so that the sealing performance of the comb-teeth seal structure 6 remains intact.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] See also Figure 5 The comb teeth sealing effect is inevitably related to the comb teeth shape. This embodiment simulates the effect of the comb teeth shape on the sealing effect of the comb teeth sealing structure, and mainly studies the influence of the cavity height H, tooth thickness b, and inclination angle α on the sealing effect.

[0052] The simulation data is as follows:

[0053] From the simulation data, it can be seen that when the cavity height is less than 1.5mm and greater than 4mm, the leakage changes tend to be stable, the leakage increases with the increase of tooth thickness, and the leakage reaches a minimum value when the inclination angle is 75. The optimal width-to-depth ratio is about 0.22. When the height is limited, the inclination angle can be changed to make the ratio of the upper width to the depth close to 0.22 to achieve the best sealing effect. From the simulation results, this patent uses the comb teeth of the outer edge of the balance disc 5 to seal the cavity with a height H of 4.5mm, a tooth thickness b of 0.2mm, and an inclination angle α of 75°, thereby achieving the best sealing effect.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0055] Optionally, the specific examples in this embodiment may refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0056] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0057] In the above embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0058] The above is only a preferred implementation of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An impeller structure, characterized in that: include: A main shaft (1) is rotatably arranged; An impeller (2) connected to the main shaft (1); a diffuser plate (3) and an impeller cover (4), wherein the diffuser plate (3) and the impeller cover (4) are arranged correspondingly to form a diffuser channel for airflow to flow out between the diffuser plate (3) and the impeller cover (4); A balancing disc (5), the balancing disc (5) being connected to the main shaft (1), a comb-tooth sealing structure (6) being provided between the balancing disc (5) and the diffuser plate (3); the comb-tooth sealing structure (6) being sealedly connected to both the balancing disc (5) and the diffuser plate (3); The comb-tooth sealing structure (6) is provided with a sealing channel (61); the sealing channel (61) is connected to the balancing plate (5), and the sealing channel (61) is connected to the outside of the diffuser plate (3); a sealing fluid flows in the sealing channel (61), and the sealing fluid abuts against the comb-tooth sealing structure (6).

2. The impeller structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The comb-tooth sealing structure (6) is sleeved on the balancing disk (5); the comb-tooth sealing structure (6) comprises a connecting hole, in which a plurality of first sealing portions (62) protruding from the inner wall of the connecting hole are arranged, the plurality of first sealing portions (62) are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of first sealing portions (62) are all in contact with the balancing disk (5).

3. The impeller structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sealing portions (62) are provided on opposite sides of the sealing channel (61).

4. The impeller structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The balancing plate (5) comprises: a first balancing flange (51), wherein the first balancing flange (51) is inserted into the connecting hole, and the first sealing portion (62) is in contact with the first balancing flange (51); A second balancing flange (52), wherein the second balancing flange (52) is connected to the first balancing flange (51), and a second sealing portion (521) is provided on the second balancing flange (52), and the second sealing portion (521) is provided protruding from the outer edge of the second balancing flange (52), and the second sealing portion (521) is in contact with the diffuser plate (3).

5. The impeller structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are a plurality of the second sealing parts (521), and the plurality of the second sealing parts (521) are arranged at intervals; and / or, The outer diameter of the second balancing flange (52) is greater than the outer diameter of the first balancing flange (51).

6. The impeller structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The comb teeth sealing structure (6) comprises: A first sealing body (601), the first sealing body (601) being arranged around the main shaft (1), and the sealing channel (61) being arranged on the first sealing body (601); A second sealing body (602), wherein the second sealing body (602) is arranged around the main shaft (1), the second sealing body (602) is connected to the first sealing body (601), and the second sealing body (602) is located on a side of the first sealing body (601) away from the second balancing flange (52); the first sealing portion (62) is provided on both the first sealing body (601) and the second sealing body (602).

7. The impeller structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flow guiding structure (522) for guiding the fluid to the main shaft (1) is arranged on the end surface of the second balancing flange (52), and there are a plurality of the flow guiding structures (522), which are arranged around the main shaft (1).

8. The impeller structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flow-guiding structure (522) is a symmetrical structure, and the symmetry plane of the flow-guiding structure passes through the axis of the main shaft (1); and / or, The flow guiding structure (522) is a blade-shaped structure.

9. According to the impeller structure of claim 1, a water seal channel (31) is provided on the diffuser plate (3), one end of the water seal channel (31) is connected to the sealing channel (61), and the other end of the water seal channel (31) is connected to the outside of the diffuser plate (3), and the extension direction of the water seal channel (31) is perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft (1).

10. The impeller structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Along the direction in which the sealing channel (61) approaches the main shaft (1), the cross-sectional area of ​​the sealing channel (61) gradually increases.

11. A compressor, comprising an impeller structure, characterized in that: The impeller structure is the impeller structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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