Solar cell preparation system

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a solar cell preparation system, comprising: a sintering furnace configured to perform metallization processing on a solar cell through sintering; the laser-assisted sintering assembly is configured to perform auxiliary sintering on the metallized solar cell to generate a solar cell with a silver-silicon alloy; the laser lossless cutting assembly is configured to cut the solar cell subjected to auxiliary sintering into a plurality of blocks; the repairing assembly is configured to perform oxidation repairing on the cutting surfaces of the plurality of cut solar sub-cells through laser; the performance test assembly is configured to perform electrical performance test on the plurality of repaired solar sub-cells; and the welding assembly is configured to weld the plurality of solar sub-cells passing the electrical performance test to generate the solar cell pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of solar cells, and in particular to a solar cell preparation system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of green environmental protection, solar cells are gradually used in various industries. The stability of the electrical performance of solar cells will directly affect the use of solar cells. Generally, when preparing batteries, the battery cells are directly tested for electrical performance after metallization and sintering, and then the half-cells are cut. After the cutting is completed, the components are made. However, since the electrical performance of the cut battery cells may have a large efficiency difference, if they are directly made into components, there may be a risk of light and dark pieces. Utility Model Content

[0003] The disclosed embodiment at least provides a solar cell preparation system, including a sintering furnace, a laser-assisted sintering assembly, a laser non-destructive cutting assembly, a repair assembly, a performance testing assembly, and a welding assembly;

[0004] The sintering furnace is configured to perform metallization treatment on the solar cell by sintering;

[0005] The laser-assisted sintering assembly is connected to the sintering furnace and is configured to perform auxiliary sintering on the solar cell after the metallization treatment to generate a solar cell with a silver-silicon alloy;

[0006] The laser non-destructive cutting assembly is connected to the laser assisted sintering assembly and is configured to cut the solar cell after assisted sintering into multiple pieces;

[0007] The repair component is connected to the laser non-destructive cutting component and is configured to perform oxidation repair on the cut surfaces of the plurality of solar sub-cells after cutting by laser;

[0008] The performance testing component is connected to the repair component and is configured to perform an electrical performance test on the repaired plurality of solar sub-cells;

[0009] The welding assembly is connected to the performance testing assembly and is configured to weld a plurality of solar sub-cells that have passed the electrical performance test to generate a solar cell group.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the system further includes a transmission component;

[0011] The transmission components include multiple components configured to connect the components and transmit solar cells or solar sub-cells between the components.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the laser-assisted sintering assembly includes a laser, a camera, and a controller; the laser is connected to the controller, and the camera is connected to the controller;

[0013] wherein the camera is configured to capture an image of the solar cell and transmit the image to the controller;

[0014] The controller is configured to identify the grid lines in the image, determine the position coordinates of the grid lines, and control the laser to perform line scanning on the grid lines on the solar cell according to the position coordinates.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the system further includes a main controller, which is connected to each component and configured to control the operation of each component.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the laser non-destructive cutting assembly includes a turntable, a mechanical gripper, a vacuum suction cup, and a laser; the turntable is provided with a plurality of platforms, each of which is provided with the vacuum suction cup, and is configured to fix the solar cell;

[0017] Wherein, the mechanical gripper is configured to grab the solar cell to the turntable and fix it by the vacuum suction cup;

[0018] The laser is configured to perform non-destructive cutting of the batteries on the turntable;

[0019] The turntable is configured to rotate at a preset angle after lossless cutting, and to grab the cut solar sub-cells onto the transmission component through the mechanical gripper, so as to be transferred to the repair component through the transmission component.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the preset angle is 90 degrees.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the repair component includes a plurality of components, and the number of the repair components is the same as the number of the cut solar sub-cells.

[0022] In a possible implementation manner, the solar cell is a crystalline silicon solar cell.

[0023] In a solar cell preparation system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, after the sintering furnace performs metallization treatment on the solar cell, the sintering furnace can first perform auxiliary sintering on the metallized solar cell through a laser assisted sintering component, and then cut the solar cell into multiple pieces based on a laser non-destructive cutting component, and then perform oxidation repair on the cut surface of the cell based on a repair component, and then perform electrical performance testing after the oxidation repair is completed, and weld the solar sub-cells that pass the electrical performance test to generate a solar cell group.

[0024] In this way, since the electrical performance test is carried out after cutting and oxidation repair, the electrical performance test of the generated solar cell group is more accurate and the risk of light and dark films is avoided. Furthermore, a laser-assisted sintering step is added in the preparation process of solar cells. The silver-silicon alloy produced by laser-assisted sintering can improve the ohmic contact on the front side of the battery and reduce the contact composite loss on the front side of the battery.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification. These drawings illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and are used together with the specification to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present disclosure and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A solar cell preparation flow chart provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 The overall architecture diagram of a solar cell manufacturing system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a laser non-destructive cutting assembly provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0030] Figure 4 Another solar cell preparation flow chart provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present disclosure generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0032] With the development of green environmental protection, solar cells are gradually used in various industries. The stability of the electrical performance of solar cells will directly affect the use of solar cells. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, after metallization and sintering, the cell is directly tested for electrical performance, and then the cell is cut into halves, and then the components are made. However, since the electrical performance of the cut cell may have a large efficiency difference, if it is directly made into a component, there may be a risk of light and dark cells.

[0033] Based on the above research, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solar cell preparation system. After the sintering furnace performs metallization treatment on the solar cell, the sintering furnace can first perform auxiliary sintering on the metallized solar cell through a laser-assisted sintering component, and then cut the solar cell into multiple pieces based on a laser non-destructive cutting component, and then perform oxidation repair on the cut surface of the cell based on a repair component. After the oxidation repair is completed, an electrical performance test is performed, and the solar sub-cells that pass the electrical performance test are welded to generate a solar cell group.

[0034] In this way, since the electrical performance test is carried out after cutting and oxidation repair, the electrical performance test of the generated solar cell group is more accurate and the risk of light and dark films is avoided. Furthermore, a laser-assisted sintering step is added in the preparation process of solar cells. The silver-silicon alloy produced by laser-assisted sintering can improve the ohmic contact on the front side of the battery and reduce the contact composite loss on the front side of the battery.

[0035] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0036] The term "and / or" herein only describes an association relationship, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the term "at least one" herein represents any combination of at least two of any one or more of a plurality of. For example, including at least one of A, B, and C may represent including any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0037] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 The overall architecture diagram of a solar cell manufacturing system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown, the solar cell preparation system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a sintering furnace 10, a laser-assisted sintering assembly 20, a laser non-destructive cutting assembly 30, a repair assembly 40, a performance testing assembly 50 and a welding assembly 60.

[0038] Wherein, the sintering furnace 10 is configured to perform metallization treatment on the solar cell by sintering;

[0039] The laser-assisted sintering assembly 20 is connected to the sintering furnace 10 and is configured to perform auxiliary sintering on the solar cell after metallization treatment to generate a solar cell with a silver-silicon alloy.

[0040] Optionally, the solar cell may be a crystalline silicon solar cell, and illustratively, may be a tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) cell.

[0041] Specifically, when the laser-assisted sintering assembly 20 assists in sintering the solar cell, it can add a reverse bias voltage to the cell of the solar cell, and use a continuous infrared laser to scan the grid line area on the cell. The infrared laser can induce charge carriers in the depletion region, and the reverse bias voltage can cause local current. The generated local current can flow locally along the path with the grid line, generating a higher current density. The high current density leads to considerable power loss, thereby generating hot spots at the contact interface between the cell silicon and the slurry, triggering local firing, similar to silver-silicon mutual diffusion, and generating a silver-silicon alloy.

[0042] Optionally, the laser-assisted sintering assembly 20 includes a laser 201 , a camera 202 and a controller 203 ; the laser 201 is connected to the controller 203 , and the camera 202 is connected to the controller 203 .

[0043] Wherein, the camera 202 is configured to capture an image of the solar cell and transmit the image to the controller;

[0044] The controller 203 is configured to identify the grid lines in the image, determine the position coordinates of the grid lines, and control the laser 201 to scan the grid lines on the solar cell according to the position coordinates.

[0045] The general laser-assisted sintering needs to scan the entire cell surface. This method will increase the surface temperature of the entire cell, which will not only affect the electrical performance of the cell, but also cause energy loss and waste. Alternatively, only the grid line area is scanned, but only scanning the grid line area requires a preset CAD graphic, and the scanning area is determined based on the CAD image. Once the cell graphic is updated, the CAD image needs to be re-entered, which is a cumbersome operation.

[0046] The laser assisted sintering assembly provided by the present disclosure is based on the image of the solar cell sheet collected by the camera, and then the grid line area in the image is identified by the controller, and the laser line scanning is accurately controlled by the controller according to the position coordinates of the identified grid line area. Through this assembly, even if the pattern of the solar cell changes, the grid line area can be flexibly identified without re-entering the CAD image, and the operation is flexible.

[0047] The laser non-destructive cutting assembly 30 is connected to the laser assisted sintering assembly 20 and is configured to cut the solar cell after assisted sintering into multiple pieces.

[0048] Generally, in the related art, when cutting solar cells, the cells are cut directly by mechanical blades, which causes great damage to the cutting surface and more microcracks or slag debris on the fracture surface. The laser non-destructive cutting assembly provided in the present disclosure cuts solar cells by non-destructive cutting.

[0049] Specifically, when the laser non-destructive cutting component 30 is cutting, it can first use infrared or green laser to cut shallow laser openings on the two edges of the battery (for example, it can cut a small laser opening with a depth of about 30um-60μm), and then scan along the cutting direction with infrared continuous laser, using the high energy density of continuous infrared laser heating, while controlling the thermal residual stress field, and then cooling by water, blowing or only air to cut the battery cell into two halves.

[0050] Solar cells cut in this way have less damage and generate less dust. The silicon substrate can be broken without evaporation or melting process, and the cut cross-section of the fracture surface has fewer microcracks or slag debris.

[0051] Optionally, the laser non-destructive cutting assembly 30 is connected to the laser assisted sintering assembly 20 via a transmission assembly 70 , and the transmission assembly 70 may be, for example, a conveyor belt.

[0052] See also Figure 3 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of a laser non-destructive cutting component 30 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, including a turntable 301, a mechanical gripper 302, a vacuum suction cup 303, and a laser 304 (not shown in the figure); specifically, there can be multiple platforms 305 on the turntable 301 (the figure shows that it includes 4 platforms), and a vacuum suction cup 303 is deployed on each platform, and the vacuum suction cup 303 is configured to fix the solar cell.

[0053] The mechanical gripper 302 is configured to grab the solar cell to the turntable 301 and fix it by the vacuum suction cup 303;

[0054] The laser 304 is configured to partially cut the battery on the turntable 301; when the laser 304 is cutting, the battery is not completely cut into two parts, so, optionally, the laser non-destructive cutting component 30 may also include a cooling component 306 (the cooling component 306 is not shown in the figure); the cooling component 306 is configured to cool the partially cut battery so that the battery is completely cut;

[0055] The turntable 301 is configured to rotate at a preset angle after complete cutting, and to grab the completely cut solar sub-cells onto the transmission component through the mechanical gripper 302, so as to be transferred to the repair component 40 through the transmission component 70.

[0056] Here, the mechanical gripper 302 may be multiple, Figure 3 The robot comprises three mechanical grippers, one for grabbing the solar cell to the turntable, and the other two for grabbing the cut solar sub-cells.

[0057] Optionally, the rotation angle of the turntable is 90 degrees. In practical applications, the rotation angle of the turntable can be determined according to the number of platforms. If the number of platforms is N, the rotation angle of the turntable each time is 360 / N. Alternatively, the rotation angle of the turntable can be determined according to the deployment position of the actual components.

[0058] The repair component 40 is connected to the laser non-destructive cutting component 30 and is configured to perform oxidation repair on the cut surfaces of the plurality of solar sub-cells after cutting by laser.

[0059] Here, the repair component 40 can emit laser to scan the surface of the silicon substrate, and use the high temperature generated on the surface of the silicon substrate during the scanning process by the laser and the oxygen in the air, or by passing oxygen to make silicon react with oxygen to produce silicon oxide or silicon dioxide layer or silicon peroxide layer on the surface of the silicon substrate.

[0060] Optionally, the repair assembly 40 may include a plurality of repair assemblies, and the number of the repair assemblies 40 may be the same as the number of the cut solar sub-cells. For example, if the number of the cut solar sub-cells is two, then there may be two repair assemblies. Here, the number of cut solar sub-cells may refer to the number of solar sub-cells generated after cutting a solar cell, or it can be said that the number of repair assemblies 40 is the same as the number of cut surfaces.

[0061] The performance testing component 50 is connected to the repairing component 40 and is configured to perform an electrical performance test on a plurality of repaired solar sub-cells.

[0062] Here, since the solar cell tested by the performance testing component 50 is a solar sub-cell that has completed cutting and peroxidation repair, the battery electrical performance tested at this time is the most accurate. The performance testing component 50 can filter out solar sub-cells with obviously damaged performance to ensure the performance of the generated solar cell group.

[0063] The welding assembly 60 is connected to the performance testing assembly 50 and is configured to weld a plurality of solar cells that have passed the electrical performance test to form a solar cell group.

[0064] Optionally, the solar cell preparation system may further include a transmission component 70, which may be a roller belt or a mechanical gripper. The transmission component 70 is configured to connect the components and transmit solar cells or solar sub-cells between the components.

[0065] Specifically, the transmission component 70 can be used to connect the laser assisted sintering component with the sintering furnace, and can also be used to connect the laser non-destructive cutting component with the laser assisted sintering component, and can also be used to connect the repair component with the laser non-destructive cutting component, and can also be used to connect the performance testing component with the repair component, and can also be used to connect the welding component with the performance testing component.

[0066] Optionally, the system may further include a main controller 80, which is connected to each component and configured to control the operation of each component. Specifically, the main controller 80 may be connected to the sintering furnace 10, the laser-assisted sintering component 20, the laser non-destructive cutting component 30, the repair component 40, the performance testing component 50, the welding component 60, and the transmission component 70, respectively, to control the start and pause of each component.

[0067] In summary, refer to Figure 4 Shown is a flow chart of the solar cell preparation system provided by the present invention, including metallization, sintering, laser-assisted sintering, laser half-chip non-destructive cutting, laser oxidation repair, electrical performance test grading and component string welding.

[0068] Specifically, in a solar cell preparation system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, after the sintering furnace performs metallization treatment on the solar cell, the sintering furnace can first perform auxiliary sintering on the metallized solar cell through a laser assisted sintering component, and then cut the solar cell into multiple pieces based on a laser non-destructive cutting component, and then perform oxidation repair on the cut surface of the cell based on a repair component, and then perform electrical performance testing after the oxidation repair is completed, and weld the solar sub-cells that pass the electrical performance test to generate a solar cell group.

[0069] In this way, since the electrical performance test is carried out after cutting and oxidation repair, the electrical performance test of the generated solar cell group is more accurate and the risk of light and dark films is avoided. Furthermore, a laser-assisted sintering step is added in the preparation process of solar cells. The silver-silicon alloy produced by laser-assisted sintering can improve the ohmic contact on the front side of the battery and reduce the contact composite loss on the front side of the battery.

[0070] Optionally, the disclosed embodiment also provides another solar cell preparation system, including metallization, sintering, laser-assisted sintering, electrical performance testing, laser half-chip non-destructive cutting, laser oxidation repair, and component string welding. Among them, metallization, sintering, laser-assisted sintering, electrical performance testing can be completed at the cell end, and laser half-chip non-destructive cutting, laser oxidation repair, and component string welding can be completed at the component end.

[0071] This solar cell preparation system is different from Figure 4 The solar cell preparation system places the electrical performance test step after laser-assisted sintering. Through this system, the ohmic contact on the front side of the battery can be improved, the contact recombination loss on the front side of the battery can be reduced, and the changes to the existing battery preparation system can be reduced, making it easier to implement.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0073] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0074] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present utility model may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0075] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only specific implementation methods of the utility model, which are used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model, rather than to limit it. The protection scope of the utility model is not limited thereto. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solution recorded in the above embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model, and should be included in the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A solar cell preparation system, characterized in that: Including sintering furnaces, laser-assisted sintering components, laser non-destructive cutting components, repair components, performance testing components and welding components; The sintering furnace is configured to perform metallization treatment on the solar cell by sintering; The laser-assisted sintering assembly is connected to the sintering furnace and is configured to perform auxiliary sintering on the solar cell after the metallization treatment to generate a solar cell with a silver-silicon alloy; The laser non-destructive cutting assembly is connected to the laser assisted sintering assembly and is configured to cut the solar cell after assisted sintering into multiple pieces; The repair component is connected to the laser non-destructive cutting component and is configured to perform oxidation repair on the cut surfaces of the plurality of solar sub-cells after cutting by laser; The performance testing component is connected to the repair component and is configured to perform an electrical performance test on the repaired plurality of solar sub-cells; The welding assembly is connected to the performance testing assembly and is configured to weld a plurality of solar sub-cells that have passed the electrical performance test to generate a solar cell group.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system also includes a transmission component; The transmission components include multiple components configured to connect the components and transmit solar cells or solar sub-cells between the components.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The laser-assisted sintering assembly includes a laser, a camera and a controller; the laser is connected to the controller, and the camera is connected to the controller; wherein the camera is configured to capture an image of the solar cell and transmit the image to the controller; The controller is configured to identify the grid lines in the image, determine the position coordinates of the grid lines, and control the laser to perform line scanning on the grid lines on the solar cell according to the position coordinates.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system further comprises a main controller, which is connected to each component and configured to control the operation of each component.

5. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The laser non-destructive cutting assembly includes a turntable, a mechanical gripper, a vacuum suction cup, a laser, and a cooling assembly; the turntable is provided with a plurality of platforms, each of which is provided with the vacuum suction cup, and is configured to fix the solar cell; Wherein, the mechanical gripper is configured to grab the solar cell to the turntable and fix it by the vacuum suction cup; The laser is configured to partially cut the batteries on the turntable; The cooling assembly is configured to cool the partially cut battery so that the battery is completely cut; The turntable is configured to rotate according to a preset angle after complete cutting, and the completely cut solar sub-cells are grabbed onto the transmission component by the mechanical gripper so as to be transferred to the repair component through the transmission component.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that The preset angle is 90 degrees.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The repair components include a plurality of components, and the number of the repair components is the same as the number of the cut solar sub-cells.

8. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The solar cell is a crystalline silicon solar cell.

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