Directional light guide insulating film tape structure and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a directional light guide insulating film tape structure and a photovoltaic module. The film tape structure comprises a reflective layer, a light guide layer, a base material layer and a bonding layer which are stacked in sequence, an insulating layer is arranged above the reflective layer; the light guide layer is a prism structure layer, the prism structure layer comprises an irregular triangular prism array, the longitudinal section of each irregular triangular prism is an irregular triangle, the two base angles of each irregular triangle are alpha and beta respectively, alpha is smaller than beta, and beta is smaller than 90 degrees. The photovoltaic module comprises a solar cell, the edge of the photovoltaic module is provided with the film belt structure, and the film belt structure is used for reflecting light to the solar cell close to the edge of the photovoltaic module. According to the film belt structure, the prism structure of the light guide layer is arranged to be the irregular triangular prism array, and the irregular triangular prism array is applied to the edge of the module, so that light is reflected to one side of a battery piece of the photovoltaic module, the light utilization rate of the edge of the photovoltaic module is improved, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a light-guiding film strip structure and a photovoltaic component, in particular to a directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure and a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the application of photovoltaic power generation has become increasingly widespread, and the performance of photovoltaic modules determines their power generation efficiency. At present, the sunlight irradiating the gaps between the cells in photovoltaic modules has been utilized to a certain extent, such as using gap light-guiding films. However, the light irradiating the edge of the module has not been well utilized yet.

[0003] The edges of photovoltaic modules are usually equipped with a large number of welding points for cell grid lines, welding ribbons and bus bars, among which there are a large number of sharp protrusions such as solder nails and metal burrs, which make it difficult to utilize edge light. Utility Model Content

[0004] Purpose of the utility model: The purpose of the utility model is to provide a directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure that can increase the utilization efficiency of the edge light of a photovoltaic module while ensuring that the reliability and safety of the module are not affected;

[0005] The second object of the utility model is to provide a photovoltaic module with high power generation efficiency.

[0006] Technical solution: The directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure described in the utility model comprises a reflective layer, a light-guiding layer, a substrate layer and an adhesive layer stacked in sequence; an insulating layer is provided on top of the reflective layer; the light-guiding layer is a prism structure layer, and the prism structure layer comprises an irregular triangular prism array, and the longitudinal section of each irregular triangular prism is an irregular triangle, and the two base angles of the irregular triangle are α and β respectively, and α<β, β<90°.

[0007] The apex angle of the irregular triangle is greater than 120°, and the base angle β is less than 60°; preferably, α is 20°-40°, excluding the endpoint value 20°; and β is 25°-85°.

[0008] The thickness of the insulating layer is 5-30 μm; the longitudinal section of the insulating layer is triangular, trapezoidal or polygonal to increase friction. After the light-guiding film is laminated around the photovoltaic module, the risk of the light-guiding film being pierced and causing the module to short-circuit is relatively high. If the photovoltaic module short-circuits, it cannot generate electricity, which seriously affects the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Therefore, adding an insulating layer to the light-guiding layer at the edge reduces the risk of short-circuit caused by solder puncture and increases the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0009] Wherein, a reflective layer is provided between the substrate layer and the adhesive layer; the reflective layer is preferably an aluminum-plated reflective layer.

[0010] Wherein, a light-guiding layer is provided between the substrate layer and the light-reflecting layer; the light-guiding layer is preferably the light-guiding layer mentioned above.

[0011] The preparation method of the above-mentioned directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure is as follows: light-guiding layer material is coated on the substrate layer to form a light-guiding layer after curing; a reflective layer is formed on the light-guiding layer; insulating material is coated on the reflective layer to form an insulating layer after curing; and adhesive material is coated under the substrate layer to form an adhesive layer.

[0012] Among them, light guide layer material glue is coated on the substrate layer by mold transfer and then cured, aluminum is plated on the light guide layer as a reflective layer, insulating glue is coated on the reflective layer and then cured, and bonding layer material is coated under the substrate layer to form a bonding layer.

[0013] The photovoltaic module of the utility model comprises a solar cell. The edge of the photovoltaic module is provided with the above-mentioned directional light-guiding insulating film belt structure for reflecting light to the solar cell near the edge of the photovoltaic module.

[0014] The bottom angle α side of the light-guiding layer of the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure is close to the solar cell side of the edge of the photovoltaic module; the bottom angle β side is close to the outer side of the photovoltaic module edge.

[0015] Wherein, when the photovoltaic module uses a metal frame module, a transparent insulating film is provided above the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure and close to the solar cell side of the photovoltaic module.

[0016] Among them, the upper surface and / or lower surface of the transparent insulating film is a non-planar structure to increase the creepage distance; a triangular, trapezoidal or polygonal structure is provided above and / or below the transparent insulating film to increase its creepage distance.

[0017] Among them, the transparent insulating film includes a transparent substrate layer and an adhesive layer; the adhesive layer is preferably arranged between the transparent substrate layer and the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure; the upper surface and / or lower surface of the transparent substrate layer can be made into a structure with a certain shape to increase the creepage distance; preferably it can be a triangular, trapezoidal or polygonal structure.

[0018] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following significant effects:

[0019] (1) The prism structure of the light-guiding layer is set as an irregular triangular prism array, and the two base angles of the longitudinal section triangle of the irregular triangular prism are respectively a small angle and a large angle. The small angle side is used to be set at the edge of the photovoltaic module close to the battery cell side, so that the light is reflected toward the battery cell side of the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the light utilization rate and thus improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module; (2) The longitudinal section of the insulating layer is set to an irregular shape, which can increase the friction between the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure and the photovoltaic glass or back panel, play an anti-slip role, and prevent the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure from slipping during lamination; (3) The utility model increases the light utilization rate at the edge of the photovoltaic module by manufacturing a directional light-guiding film tape and applying it to the edge of the photovoltaic module; (4) For metal frame components, by adding a transparent insulating film at the corresponding position of the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure, the creepage distance is guaranteed and the safety performance is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure of Example 1;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure of Example 2;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure of Example 3;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of assembling the photovoltaic module and the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure of Example 4;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of assembling the photovoltaic module and the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure of Example 5;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged assembly schematic diagram of the solar cell, the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure, and the transparent insulating film in the photovoltaic module of Example 5;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged assembly schematic diagram of the solar cell, the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure, and the transparent insulating film in the photovoltaic module of Example 6;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a relative power generation efficiency diagram of the photovoltaic module of Example 4 corresponding to different α angles when the β angle is determined;

[0028] Fig. 9 This is a diagram of relative power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module of Example 4 corresponding to different β angles when the α angle is determined. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure comprises a substrate layer 1, a light-guiding layer 2 is disposed above the substrate layer 1, the light-guiding layer 2 is a directional light-guiding prism structure layer, a reflective layer 3 is disposed above the directional light-guiding prism structure layer, an insulating layer 4 is disposed above the reflective layer 3, and an adhesive layer 5 is disposed below the substrate layer 1. The substrate layer 1 is a PET base film, and the thickness of the substrate layer 1 is 30 μm; the directional light-guiding prism structure layer can be prepared by a commonly used method in the art, specifically, epoxy acrylate UV-curing glue is cured by a roller and under ultraviolet irradiation, and the thickness is 10 μm; the directional light-guiding prism structure layer of this embodiment is an irregular triangular prism array, and the longitudinal cross-section triangle of each irregular triangular prism is an irregular triangle, and the two base angles of the irregular triangle are α and β, respectively, and α<β, β<90°, and further α is 20°-40°, excluding the end value 20°; β is 25°-85°, and the vertex angle of the irregular triangle is >120°. The reflective layer 3 of this embodiment is an aluminum-plated reflective layer with a thickness of 100 nm, which is obtained by aluminum plating on the light guide layer 2; the material of the adhesive layer 5 is EVA hot melt adhesive with a thickness of 50 μm.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, a directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure is different from Example 1 in that a reflective layer, specifically an aluminum-plated reflective layer, is provided between the substrate layer 1 and the adhesive layer 5. The thickness of the aluminum-plated reflective layer above the directional light-guiding prism structure layer and below the substrate layer 1 is 100 nm.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, a directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure is different from Example 2 in that a directional light-guiding prism structure layer is provided below the substrate layer 1, a reflective layer is provided below the directional light-guiding prism structure layer, and an adhesive layer 5 is provided below the reflective layer. The reflective layer may be an aluminum-plated reflective layer.

[0036] Example 4

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic module, including a plurality of spaced solar cells 7. In this embodiment, the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure 8 of embodiment 3 is attached to the four sides of the photovoltaic module, which is used to reflect the light irradiated on the edge of the photovoltaic module to the cell near the edge of the photovoltaic module, so as to improve the light utilization efficiency; wherein, the α angle side is close to the cell side of the edge of the photovoltaic module; the β angle side is close to the outer edge of the glass or back plate of the photovoltaic module, such as Figure 6 The positions of the two bottom angles of the irregular triangle of the light guide layer 2 are shown as follows. Figure 6 The irregular triangle in the figure is an enlarged view, which is only used as a representation of the shape of the triangle and does not represent the size relative to the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure 8; in addition to the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure attached to the four sides of the photovoltaic module, the specific structure of the photovoltaic module of the utility model is a common structure of photovoltaic modules in the field, for example, including a light-transmitting component arranged in sequence along the thickness direction, a front encapsulation layer, a plurality of cells arranged at intervals, a rear encapsulation layer and a backplane; the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure of this embodiment can be attached to the backplane surface at the four edges of the photovoltaic module. In order to make full use of the light irradiated on the side of the cell, the directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure is attached to the edge of the cell, or has a small overlap with the cell.

[0038] The photovoltaic module of this embodiment is tested for relative photothermal conversion efficiency under different α and β angles: (1) When the β angle is 43°, the relative power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module corresponding to different α angles is as follows: Figure 8 As shown in Figure 2; (2) When the α angle is 26°, the relative power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic modules corresponding to different β angles. Figure 8 , 9 The relative power generation efficiency refers to the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module when the α and β angles are both 30°. Figure 8 , 9 It can be seen that when α is 20°-40°, excluding the endpoint value of 20°, and β is 25°-85°, the light-to-heat conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is relatively high.

[0039] Example 5

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the photovoltaic module of this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 4 in that the frame of the photovoltaic module 6 is a metal frame, and a transparent insulating film 9 is applied on the side of the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure close to the battery cell 7, that is, between the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure and the battery cell. Figure 6 As shown; wherein, the battery cell 7, the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure 8 and the transparent insulating film 9 may be in contact or not in contact with each other; the transparent insulating film 9 includes a substrate and an adhesive layer, the substrate is a high-transmittance PP, and EVA hot-melt adhesive is coated underneath the high-transmittance PP.

[0041] Example 6

[0042] The photovoltaic module of this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 5 in that both sides of the transparent insulating film 9 substrate are made into triangular structures by molds, as shown in the partial enlarged diagram. Figure 7 As shown, the triangles on both sides of the substrate are only for display and do not represent the size relative to the substrate.

[0043] Comparative Example 1

[0044] A photovoltaic module, which differs from Example 4 in that a directional light-guiding insulating film tape is not provided.

[0045] Comparative Example 2

[0046] A photovoltaic module, which is different from Example 4 in that the directional light-guiding insulating film tape is not provided with an insulating layer. The power of the photovoltaic modules of Examples 4, 5, 6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is tested, as shown in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1

[0048] Components Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 power 671.41W 671.52W 671.44W 668.12W 669.96W

[0049] Based on Example 4, the creepage distances increased in Examples 5 and 6 are shown in Table 2.

[0050] Table 2

[0051] Components Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Transparent insulation film width 0 12mm 8.5mm Increased creepage distance 0 12mm 12.2mm

Claims

1. A directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure, comprising a reflective layer (3), a light-guiding layer (2), a substrate layer (1) and an adhesive layer (5) stacked in sequence; characterized in that: An insulating layer (4) is provided above the reflective layer (3); the light-guiding layer (2) is a prism structure layer, the prism structure layer comprises a triangular prism array, each triangular prism has a longitudinal section that is a triangle, the two base angles of the triangle are α and β respectively, and α<β, β<90°.

2. The directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The α is 20°-40°, and the β is 25°-85°.

3. The directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the insulating layer (4) is 5-30 μm; the longitudinal section of the insulating layer (4) is triangular, trapezoidal or polygonal to increase friction.

4. The directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reflective layer (3) is provided between the substrate layer (1) and the adhesive layer (5).

5. The directional light-guiding insulating film tape structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A light-guiding layer (2) is provided between the substrate layer (1) and the light-reflecting layer (3).

6. A photovoltaic module, comprising a solar cell (7), characterized in that: The edge of the photovoltaic module (6) is provided with the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure (8) according to claim 1, which is used to reflect light onto the solar cell (7) close to the edge of the photovoltaic module (6).

7. The photovoltaic assembly (6) according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom angle α side of the light-guiding layer (2) of the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure is close to the side of the solar cell (7) at the edge of the photovoltaic module (6).

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the photovoltaic module (6) uses a metal frame module, a transparent insulating film (9) is provided above the directional light-guiding insulating film strip structure (8) and on a side close to the solar cell (7) of the photovoltaic module (6).

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper surface and / or lower surface of the transparent insulating film (9) is a non-planar structure to increase the creepage distance.

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