Rock mass displacement and pressure same-hole monitoring equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides rock mass displacement and pressure same-hole monitoring equipment, which relates to the technical field of rock mass deformation intelligent monitoring and comprises an anchor rod, a tray, a displacement meter and a pressure monitoring box. The anchor rod is of a hollow structure and is detachably connected with the tray; in a working state, the top end of the anchor rod extends into a drill hole and is anchored on a rock mass; the displacement meter comprises a front end cap-shaped structure arranged at the top end of the anchor rod and a tail end telescopic thin rod which is connected with the front end cap-shaped structure and penetrates through a hollow rod body of the anchor rod. The tray penetrates through the anchor rod in a sleeving manner, is arranged at the middle rear end of the anchor rod and is positioned outside the drill hole; the pressure monitoring box is used for monitoring the rock mass deformation process. The equipment is exquisite in size, simple in structure and very simple in overall installation mode, and manpower and material resources can be greatly saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring of rock mass deformation, in particular to a rock mass displacement and pressure same-hole monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] Rock collapse due to internal deformation is a common adverse geological disaster in mountainous areas. Rock collapse is characterized by strong suddenness and destructiveness, which can cause a large number of casualties and significant economic losses. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct long-term monitoring of the deformation state of the rock mass and issue early warnings in time before the rock mass moves abnormally, which can effectively prevent collapse disasters and protect people's lives and property.

[0003] The methods generally used in the prior art to monitor rock deformation are as follows: 1) placing a crack meter at the cracks in the dangerous rock mass to monitor the changes in the crack width to reflect the rock deformation; 2) using three-dimensional laser scanning, satellite monitoring and monitoring cameras to determine the deformation of the rock mass by comparing the difference between two images of the rock mass before and after a period of time.

[0004] However, the crack meter can only monitor a certain point. If the entire section needs to be monitored, a large number of crack meters are needed, which is costly. Secondly, although the 3D laser scanner can monitor the 3D deformation of the rock mass, it requires manual operation of the instrument to scan the rock mass, and cannot achieve real-time scanning and data transmission, so the monitoring efficiency is low. Affected by the satellite operation cycle, satellite telemetry cannot achieve real-time monitoring; monitoring cameras can only visually identify the deformation of the rock mass through video, which is not accurate enough to meet the accuracy requirements of early warning and forecasting.

[0005] In summary, traditional rock deformation monitoring technology generally has some technical deficiencies, such as high monitoring cost, single monitoring data, inability to monitor in real time, insufficient measurement accuracy, complex installation methods, etc., which easily lead to inaccurate monitoring data and false warnings, thus restricting the existing disaster forecasting technology to a large extent. Once an engineering disaster occurs, due to the limitations of the monitoring equipment itself, the mechanical properties of the rock mass during the occurrence and evolution of the disaster are often in an uncontrollable state, which invisibly increases the difficulty and workload of post-disaster governance.

[0006] Based on the problems existing in the prior art, it is necessary to design an intelligent monitoring device that is simple and stable to install, can monitor the rock mass and reflect a variety of data on the stability of the rock mass in real time. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the problems of complex installation, unstable installation, single monitoring data, etc. in existing monitoring devices, and to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a rock displacement and pressure same-hole monitoring equipment, which has a simple installation method, is easy to operate, can save a lot of manpower and material resources, and can more accurately obtain a variety of real-time monitoring data of rock deformation.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned utility model purpose, the utility model provides a rock displacement and pressure monitoring device in the same hole, which includes an anchor rod, a tray, a displacement meter and a pressure monitoring box;

[0009] The anchor rod is a hollow structure and is detachably connected to the tray; when in working state, the top end of the anchor rod extends into the drill hole and is anchored on the rock mass;

[0010] The displacement meter comprises a front end bulge-shaped structure arranged at the top end of the anchor rod, and a terminal retractable thin rod connected to the front end bulge-shaped structure and penetrating the hollow rod body of the anchor rod; the terminal retractable thin rod has a length greater than the length of the anchor rod, and the bottom of the terminal retractable thin rod extends out of the tail end of the anchor rod;

[0011] The tray is inserted into the anchor rod and arranged at the middle and rear end of the anchor rod and outside the drill hole;

[0012] The pressure monitoring box is inserted through the anchor rod and tightly arranged around the rear end of the tray to monitor the deformation process of the rock mass.

[0013] As a further improvement of the utility model, the anchor rod is threadedly connected to the pallet; the anchor rod is provided with an external thread, and the central through hole of the pallet is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the maximum diameter of the front end bubble-shaped structure is larger than the inner diameter of the anchor rod, and is cooperatively connected with the anchor rod.

[0015] As a further improvement of the utility model, the rock displacement and pressure in-hole monitoring device also includes a protective shell; the protective shell is connected to the tray and encloses each other to form a protective inner cavity for accommodating the pressure monitoring box and the tail end of the anchor rod.

[0016] As a further improvement of the utility model, the terminal retractable thin rod extends out of the bottom of the tail end of the anchor rod and is fixedly connected to the protective shell.

[0017] As a further improvement of the utility model, the pressure monitoring box includes a metal shell and a metal box seat; the pressure monitoring box is provided with a battery, a plurality of pressure sensors and a data acquisition component inside.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of pressure sensors are circumferentially arranged in different directions of the metal box seat.

[0019] As a further improvement of the utility model, the rock displacement and pressure in-hole monitoring device further includes a Lora antenna installed on the pressure monitoring box; the Lora antenna is wirelessly connected to the terminal.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, an observation cable is connected to the bottom of the telescopic thin rod at the end; the observation cable is electrically connected to the pressure monitoring box.

[0021] As a further improvement of the utility model, the rock displacement and pressure in-hole monitoring device further comprises a fixing nut; the fixing nut abuts against the rear end of the pressure monitoring box and is fixedly connected to the anchor rod.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0023] 1. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device provided by the utility model has a displacement meter that adopts a combination structure of a front end bubble-shaped structure and a retractable thin rod at the end, which can monitor the pressure data when the rock is deformed. In addition, when the device is under pressure, the rear end of the displacement meter will extend, thereby obtaining the rock deformation data.

[0024] 2. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring equipment provided by the utility model is equipped with an intelligent data acquisition system, which can intelligently store and process the monitoring data, realizing the automation, intelligence and unmanned data monitoring. Equipped with a Lora antenna, the processed data can be wirelessly transmitted to a nearby terminal, realizing the real-time and wireless transmission of monitoring data.

[0025] 3. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring equipment provided by the utility model can push the anchor rod upward by rotating the anchor rod, thereby evenly stirring the two parts of the resin to fix them inside; after the front end of the anchor rod is fixed, the tray and the part below the tray can be fixed by rotating the nut. It has a compact size, simple structure, and a very simple overall installation method, which can save a lot of manpower and material resources.

[0026] 4. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring equipment provided by the utility model can integrate multiple monitoring instruments in the pressure monitoring box according to the needs. In addition to monitoring rock pressure and deformation data, it can also integrate multiple other monitoring data, which solves the disadvantage that the traditional monitoring method of rock deformation can only rely on single data, and provides theoretical and data support for intelligent rock monitoring. The protective shell is made of high-strength polyethylene material, which can prevent the pressure monitoring box from being damaged by blasting shock waves, splashing rocks, falling rocks, etc., or water seepage and dust from eroding the internal precision structure, and the insulating material shell can avoid shielding the wireless communication signal, ensuring the long-term use of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structural section of the rock displacement and pressure monitoring device provided by the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 A left-side cross-sectional view of the rock displacement and pressure monitoring device provided by the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 A right side cross-sectional view of the rock displacement and pressure monitoring device provided by the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a displacement meter for a rock displacement and pressure monitoring device provided by the utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram of a pressure monitoring box of a rock displacement and pressure monitoring device provided by the utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a pressure monitoring box of a rock displacement and pressure monitoring device provided by the utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the internal base structure of a pressure monitoring box of a rock mass displacement and pressure same-hole monitoring device provided by the utility model.

[0034] Reference numerals

[0035] 1- displacement meter; 11- front end bulging structure; 12- telescopic thin rod at the end; 2- anchor rod; 3- tray; 4- pressure monitoring box; 41- metal shell; 42- battery; 43- battery control board; 44- pressure sensor; 45- sensor cable; 46- metal box seat; 47- data acquisition component; 5- Lora antenna; 6- fixing nut; 7- protective shell; 8- switch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0038] In addition, it should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the utility model provides a rock displacement and pressure monitoring device in the same hole, which includes an anchor rod 2, a displacement meter 1, a tray 3, a pressure monitoring box 4, a Lora antenna 5, a switch 8, a fixing nut 6 and a protective shell 7.

[0040] In some embodiments, the anchor rod 2 is a hollow externally threaded anchor rod. When in working state, the top end of the anchor rod 2 extends into the borehole and is anchored on the rock mass. During installation, the top end of the anchor rod can be pushed to move into the borehole by rotating the anchor rod 2, so that the two parts of the raw materials of the resin can be evenly stirred by the rotation, so that the resin is solidified, thereby fixing the top end of the anchor rod 2 inside the borehole.

[0041] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the displacement meter 1 includes a front end bubble-like structure 11 arranged at the top end of the anchor rod 2, and an end telescopic thin rod 12 connected to the front end bubble-like structure 11 and passing through the hollow rod body of the anchor rod 2; the length of the end telescopic thin rod 12 is greater than the length of the anchor rod 2, and the bottom of the end telescopic thin rod 12 extends out of the tail end of the anchor rod 2.

[0042] The front end of the bubble-shaped structure 11 is fixed inside the borehole together with the top of the anchor rod 2 by resin, and the end of the telescopic thin rod 12 extends out of the bottom of the tail end of the anchor rod 2 and is fixedly connected to the protective shell 7. When the rock mass deforms, the displacement meter 1 will drive the tray 3 and the protective shell 7 to move together, causing the end of the telescopic thin rod 12 of the displacement meter 1 to extend.

[0043] The bottom of the retractable thin rod 12 is connected to an observation cable (not shown in the figure); the observation cable is electrically connected to the pressure monitoring box 4. The observation cable can transmit the signal measured in the displacement meter 1 to the data acquisition component 47 in the pressure monitoring box 4, so as to calculate the deformation of the rock mass being measured and synchronously measure the temperature value of the buried point.

[0044] With such a structural arrangement, the displacement meter 1 is placed into the anchor rod 2 from the front end, and the maximum diameter of the front end structure 11 is larger than the inner diameter of the anchor rod 2, which can prevent the displacement meter 1 from slipping out of the anchor rod 2; the telescopic thin rod 12 at the rear end of the displacement meter 1 can measure rock displacement, strain, slippage, etc. through the amount of telescopic movement.

[0045] The tray 3 is inserted through the anchor rod 2 and arranged at the middle and rear end of the anchor rod 2 and outside the borehole, and is used to support the anchor rod 2 and components such as the pressure monitoring box 4 that enter the borehole.

[0046] The central through hole of the tray 3 is provided with an internal thread, which is threadedly connected to the anchor rod 2 .

[0047] See also Figure 5 to Figure 6 As shown, the pressure monitoring box 4 is inserted into the anchor rod 2 and is tightly fitted around the rear end of the tray 3 to monitor the deformation process of the rock mass.

[0048] The pressure monitoring box 4 includes a detachably designed metal shell 41 and a metal box seat 46 ; a battery 42 , a battery control board 43 , a plurality of pressure sensors 44 , a sensor cable 45 and a data acquisition component 47 are arranged inside the pressure monitoring box 4 .

[0049] The plurality of pressure sensors 44 are circumferentially arranged in different directions of the metal box seat 46 .

[0050] The Lora antenna 5 is installed on the pressure monitoring box 4 and is wirelessly connected to the terminal. The monitoring data can be wirelessly transmitted to the mining link or the level tunnel in the form of spread spectrum signals, realizing unmanned and wireless data collection.

[0051] In some specific embodiments, in the pressure monitoring box 4, the battery 42 is arranged around the hollow cylinder of the metal box seat 46, and the bottom is adhered to the metal box seat 46. The surface of the battery 42 is provided with a battery control board 43 for adjusting the voltage and calculating the power.

[0052] The pressure monitoring box 4 has four pressure sensors 44 arranged in four directions of the metal box seat 46 . When the rock mass is deformed, the pressure sensors 44 will sense the force exerted by the rock on the tray 3 .

[0053] The pressure monitoring box 4 is provided with a data acquisition component 47, which is electrically connected to the displacement meter 1 and the pressure sensor 44. The data monitored by the displacement meter 1 and the pressure sensor 44 are transmitted to the data acquisition component 47 through the sensor cable 45, and the data acquisition component 47 classifies and temporarily stores the data.

[0054] A switch 8 is arranged on the pressure monitoring box 4 , and the switch 8 is internally connected to a battery control board 43 . By pressing the switch 8 , the monitoring device can be freely started and shut down.

[0055] The fixing nut 6 abuts against the rear end of the pressure monitoring box 4 and is fixedly connected to the anchor rod 2 .

[0056] In some embodiments, the fixing nut 6 is welded to the pressure monitoring box 4; during installation, the pressure monitoring box 4 is tightly fitted to the tray 3 by rotating the fixing nut 6, so as to facilitate monitoring of the pressure applied to the tray 3 during the rock deformation process.

[0057] The switch 8 is mounted on the metal housing 41 of the pressure monitoring box 4 and is used to control the operation of the equipment.

[0058] The protective shell 7 is arranged at the lower end of the tray 3, covering and protecting all components below the tray 3 from bottom to top. The protective shell 7 is connected to the tray 3 and encloses each other to form a protective inner cavity for accommodating the pressure monitoring box 4 and the tail end of the anchor rod 2.

[0059] The protective shell 7 is made of high-strength polyethylene material, which can prevent blasting shock waves, flying rocks, falling rocks, etc. from damaging the pressure monitoring box or water seepage and dust from eroding the internal precision structure, and the insulating material shell can avoid shielding the wireless communication signal.

[0060] The tray 3 and the protective shell 7 can be fixed by waterproof glue or screws.

[0061] The working principle and installation process of the rock displacement and pressure monitoring device provided by the utility model are as follows:

[0062] After each part of the monitoring equipment is assembled separately, the displacement meter 1 is installed on the front end (top end) of the anchor rod 2, and the anchor rod 2 is rotated to push the top end of the anchor rod 2 to move into the borehole. The two parts of the resin raw materials are evenly stirred by the rotation action to solidify the resin, thereby fixing the top end of the anchor rod 2 and the front end bubble-shaped structure 11 of the displacement meter 1 inside the borehole.

[0063] After the front end of the anchor rod 2 is fixed, the tray 3 and the pressure monitoring box 4 are installed on the anchor rod 2, and the tray 3 and the pressure monitoring box 4 below the tray 3 can be fixed by rotating the fixing nut 6; finally, the protective shell 7 is inserted from the bottom end of the anchor rod 2. The opening side of the protective shell 7 is fixed to the tray 3, and the other side is fixed to the end telescopic thin rod 12 to protect the components below the tray 3 from being damaged by external factors.

[0064] When the rock mass is deformed, the retractable thin rod 12 at the end will extend along with the displacement of the tray 3 and the protective shell 7, and the pressure sensor 44 in the pressure monitoring box 4 will sense the pressure exerted by the rock on the tray 3, thereby collecting the displacement and pressure data of the rock mass deformation in real time.

[0065] In summary, the utility model provides a rock displacement and pressure monitoring device in the same hole, which relates to the technical field of intelligent monitoring of rock deformation, and includes an anchor rod, a tray, a displacement meter and a pressure monitoring box; the anchor rod is a hollow structure, which is detachably connected to the tray; in the working state, the top end of the anchor rod extends into the borehole and is anchored on the rock; the displacement meter includes a front end pop-like structure arranged at the top end of the anchor rod, and an end retractable thin rod connected to the front end pop-like structure and passing through the hollow rod body of the anchor rod; the length of the end retractable thin rod is greater than the length of the anchor rod, and the bottom of the end retractable thin rod extends out of the tail end of the anchor rod; the tray is inserted into the anchor rod and is arranged at the middle and rear end of the anchor rod, and is located outside the borehole; the pressure monitoring box is inserted into the anchor rod and is tightly arranged on the rear end of the tray for monitoring the rock deformation process. The device can monitor the pressure data of rock deformation. In addition, when the device is under pressure, the rear end of the displacement meter will extend, thereby obtaining rock deformation data. After the monitoring data is intelligently stored and processed by the internal system, it can be wirelessly transmitted to a nearby terminal, realizing unmanned and wireless monitoring data collection. The device has a compact size, simple structure, and a very simple overall installation method, which can save a lot of manpower and material resources.

[0066] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the utility model can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A rock displacement and pressure monitoring device in the same hole, characterized by: Includes anchor rods, trays, displacement gauges and pressure monitoring boxes; The anchor rod is a hollow structure and is detachably connected to the tray; when in working state, the top end of the anchor rod extends into the drill hole and is anchored on the rock mass; The displacement meter comprises a front end bulge-shaped structure arranged at the top end of the anchor rod, and a terminal retractable thin rod connected to the front end bulge-shaped structure and penetrating the hollow rod body of the anchor rod; the terminal retractable thin rod has a length greater than the length of the anchor rod, and the bottom of the terminal retractable thin rod extends out of the tail end of the hollow rod body of the anchor rod; The tray is inserted into the anchor rod and arranged at the middle and rear end of the anchor rod and outside the drill hole; The pressure monitoring box is inserted through the anchor rod and tightly arranged around the rear end of the tray to monitor the deformation process of the rock mass.

2. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod is threadedly connected to the pallet; the anchor rod is provided with an external thread, and the central through hole of the pallet is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread.

3. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum diameter of the front end bubble-shaped structure is larger than the inner diameter of the anchor rod, and is cooperatively connected with the anchor rod.

4. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device also includes a protective shell; the protective shell is connected to the tray and encloses each other to form a protective inner cavity for accommodating the pressure monitoring box and the tail end of the anchor rod.

5. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The terminal telescopic thin rod extends out of the bottom of the tail end of the anchor rod and is fixedly connected to the protective shell.

6. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring box comprises a metal shell and a metal box seat; a battery, a plurality of pressure sensors and a data acquisition component are arranged inside the pressure monitoring box.

7. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of pressure sensors are circumferentially arranged in different directions of the metal box seat.

8. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device also includes a Lora antenna installed on the pressure monitoring box; the Lora antenna is wirelessly connected to the terminal.

9. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the telescopic thin rod at the end is connected with an observation cable; the observation cable is electrically connected to the pressure monitoring box.

10. The rock displacement and pressure monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock displacement and pressure same-hole monitoring device also includes a fixing nut; the fixing nut abuts against the rear end of the pressure monitoring box and is fixedly connected to the anchor rod.

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