Dynamic reconfigurable battery network system

Abstract

The utility model provides a dynamic reconfigurable battery network system, which comprises a switch network controller, a battery state sensor, a protection circuit and a reconfigurable switch array, and is characterized in that the switch network controller is electrically connected with the reconfigurable switch array sequentially through the battery state sensor and the protection circuit; the reconfigurable switch array comprises n switch tube assemblies and n battery units, n is a positive integer, and the n switch tube assemblies and the n battery units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; according to the dynamic reconfigurable battery network system provided by the utility model, the system structure of the reconfigurable battery network can be optimized, the influence on the battery network system caused by the increase of the service time of the battery monomers or the addition of retired batteries is reduced, the operation stability of the system is improved, the safety of an energy storage system is enhanced, and the flexibility of the system is improved; and the voltage / current accuracy of the battery module is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of reconfigurable batteries, and in particular to a dynamic reconfigurable battery network system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the battery energy storage system is composed of a large number of small-capacity batteries connected in series and parallel to form a battery pack, and connected to the power grid through an inverter for charging and discharging. Due to the inevitable defects of the inconsistency of the battery monomer itself, especially the batteries that have been used for a period of time and retired batteries, the inconsistency is particularly prominent. In addition, the battery installation and physical location of the battery energy storage system are different, and the connection placement is relatively fixed, which further increases the inconsistency of the battery charging and discharging. Not only does it cause the short board effect of the overall efficiency of the battery energy storage system to decrease, but it is also easy to cause individual battery voltage and power deviations to be too large, resulting in unsafe risks of battery overcharge or over-discharge and even explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to flexibly adjust and dynamically maintain the battery pack to ensure that the battery voltage and power consistency of the battery pack charging and discharging are within a controllable range, avoid battery overcharge, over-discharge and short board effects, and improve the safety and utilization of the battery energy storage system and investment returns.

[0003] The existing battery energy storage system, especially the large-scale battery energy storage system, has many small-capacity batteries connected in series to form a battery string to achieve the DC voltage required by the inverter. The number of batteries connected in the battery string is usually hundreds of battery cells connected in series. In particular, the probability of abnormalities, failures and safety risks in the battery cells of the battery energy storage system that has been used for a period of time or is composed of retired power batteries increases. Therefore, it is particularly important to dynamically maintain and reconstruct the battery pack for battery energy storage systems that have been used for a period of time or are composed of retired batteries. Therefore, studying how to improve the ability of abnormal batteries to be isolated and cut out in time to ensure the overall safe and efficient operation of the battery energy storage system is one of the problems that need to be solved urgently.

[0004] In patent CN107275691B, a battery pack control system is mentioned, including a controller, a plurality of switch matrix modules and a plurality of reconfigurable battery packs; the controller is respectively connected to the plurality of switch matrix modules; the reconfigurable battery pack includes a plurality of sub-battery packs and sensors; the sub-battery pack includes a plurality of retired battery cells and a plurality of switches. The controller can obtain the battery status information of each of the plurality of retired battery cells in the plurality of sub-battery packs through the sensors, and calculate the topological structure information of the plurality of retired battery cells according to the battery status information, and finally control the plurality of switch matrix modules through the topological structure information, control the on and off of the plurality of switches, and change the connection form of the plurality of retired battery cells, which can improve the working efficiency of the reconfigurable battery pack to a certain extent. However, based on the switch array method in the patent, the unified switch control of a large number of battery cells cannot be realized. In the system, the controller uses the switch matrix module to perform corresponding deployment of a plurality of reconfigurable battery packs. Although the flexible deployment between battery packs can be guaranteed, it is easy to cause a high system cost and a certain delay in the system deployment process. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the utility model aims to propose a dynamically reconfigurable battery network system to solve the problem in the prior art that in a large-scale energy storage system, due to the increase in the service life of battery cells or the addition of retired batteries, the energy storage system failure or abnormal situation is easily caused, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of the energy storage system; thereby optimizing the system structure of the reconfigurable battery network, reducing the impact of the increase in the service life of battery cells or the addition of retired batteries on the battery network system, improving the operating stability of the system, enhancing the safety of the energy storage system, improving the flexibility of the system, and increasing the accuracy of the battery module voltage / current.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows:

[0007] The utility model relates to a dynamic reconfigurable battery network system, which includes a switch network controller, a battery status sensor, a protection circuit and a reconfigurable switch array. The switch network controller is electrically connected to the reconfigurable switch array through the battery status sensor and the protection circuit in sequence; the reconfigurable switch array includes a switch tube assembly and a battery cell, and the switch tube assembly and the battery cell are both provided with n, where n is a positive integer, and the n switch tube assemblies are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the n battery cells.

[0008] Furthermore, the n switch tube assemblies are interconnected, and the n battery cells are respectively connected to the battery status sensor through the protection circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, after n switch tube assemblies and n battery cells are connected in series and / or in parallel, a dynamically reconfigurable battery network is formed.

[0010] Furthermore, the protection circuit includes a protection circuit composed of any one or more of an optocoupler isolator, a current limiting resistor, a voltage limiting diode, an overcurrent protector, and an overvoltage protector.

[0011] Furthermore, the reconfigurable switch array also includes a positive transmission line, a negative transmission line, a main control switch 1 and a main control switch 2. The input side current input terminal and the current output terminal of the n switch tube components are respectively connected to the positive transmission line and the negative transmission line. The output side current input terminal of the n switch tube components is connected to the positive transmission line through the main control switch 1, and the output side current output terminal of the n switch tube components is connected to the negative transmission line through the main control switch 2.

[0012] Furthermore, the switch tube assembly includes k switches, where k is a positive integer.

[0013] Furthermore, the k switches are arranged between every two battery cells, so as to facilitate flexible and rapid switching of the battery cells.

[0014] Furthermore, the switch uses a power MOSFET.

[0015] Furthermore, the switch tube assembly and the corresponding battery cells form a battery module, and each battery module is interconnected.

[0016] Further, the battery module includes a first battery Cell1, a second battery Cell2, a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, a sixth switch S6, a seventh switch S7 and an eighth switch S8; the positive electrode of the first battery Cell1 is electrically connected to the first switch S1, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 respectively, one end of the third switch S3 away from the first battery Cell1 is connected to one end of the second switch S2 and the positive electrode of the second battery Cell2 respectively, one end of the first switch S1 away from the first battery Cell1 and the other end of the second switch S2 are both connected to the positive electrode transmission line or the upper row and / or column of the battery module The fourth switch S4 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery group, one end of the fourth switch S4 away from the first battery Cell1 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the second battery Cell2, the seventh switch S7, and the eighth switch S8, one end of the eighth switch S8 away from the second battery Cell2 is connected to the sixth switch S6, one end of the eighth switch S8 away from the second battery Cell2 and one end of the sixth switch S6 away from the eighth switch S8 are both connected to the battery positive or negative output line of the battery module in the next row and / or column; one end of the sixth switch S6 away from the eighth switch S8 is respectively connected to one end of the fifth switch S5 away from the second battery Cell2 and the negative electrode of the first battery Cell1 through the fifth switch S5.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the dynamically reconfigurable battery network system described in the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] Through the setting of the system, the system structure of the reconfigurable battery network can be optimized, the effect of the increase in the use time of battery cells or the addition of retired batteries on the battery network system can be reduced, the system operation stability can be improved, the safety of the energy storage system can be enhanced, the flexibility of the system can be improved, and the accuracy of the voltage / current of the battery module can be increased. It is also possible to use a reconfigurable battery pack to dynamically control the reconnection of the batteries of the battery pack through an electronically controlled switch array to form a new battery pack connection mode, optimize the battery voltage and power consistency in the battery pack, and improve the battery safety and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings constituting part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system architecture;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a dynamically reconfigurable battery network structure;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a local enlargement of point A in the dynamically reconfigurable battery network structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will use the terms commonly used by those skilled in the art to convey the essence of their work to other technical personnel in the art to describe the utility model concepts of the present disclosure. However, these utility model concepts can be embodied in many different forms and should not be considered as limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments.

[0026] This embodiment is directed to a reconfigurable battery network, and similar to a conventional reconfigurable battery network, the overall structure is composed of batteries, switches, and wires.

[0027] In the prior art, due to the inevitable defects of the inconsistency of the battery cells themselves, especially the batteries that have been used for a period of time and retired batteries, the inconsistency is particularly prominent. In addition, the batteries in the battery energy storage system are installed in different physical positions and the connection placement is relatively fixed, which further increases the inconsistency of the battery charging and discharging power. Not only does it cause the short board effect of the overall efficiency reduction of the battery energy storage system charging and discharging, but it is also easy to cause individual battery voltage and power deviations to be too large, resulting in unsafe risks of battery overcharging or over-discharging and even explosion. Even if a reconfigurable battery pack is used for adjustment, it is still not possible to achieve unified deployment among large-scale multiple battery groups.

[0028] In order to solve the problem that in the prior art, in a large-scale energy storage system, due to the increase in the use time of battery cells or the addition of retired batteries, the energy storage system is prone to failure or abnormal conditions, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of the energy storage system; this embodiment proposes a dynamically reconfigurable battery network system, including a switch network controller, a battery state sensor, a protection circuit and a reconfigurable switch array, the switch network controller is electrically connected to the reconfigurable switch array through the battery state sensor and the protection circuit in sequence; the reconfigurable switch array includes a switch tube assembly and a battery cell, the switch tube assembly and the battery cell are both provided with n, n is a positive integer, the n switch tube assemblies are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the n battery cells, the n switch tube assemblies are connected to each other, the n battery cells are respectively connected to the battery state sensor through the signal between the protection circuit, the switch network controller can measure the temperature and charge and discharge current data of each battery cell in real time through the battery state sensor, when the data is abnormal, the switch network controller can manually or automatically control the switch tube assembly to perform corresponding switch changes to achieve the disconnection or connection state change of the faulty battery cell. In this embodiment, the protection circuit includes a protection circuit composed of any one or more of an optocoupler isolator, a current limiting resistor, a voltage limiting diode, an overcurrent protector, and an overvoltage protector; and is specifically configured as required.

[0029] Through the setting of the system, the system structure of the reconfigurable battery network can be optimized, the impact of the increase in battery unit usage time or the addition of retired batteries on the battery network system can be reduced, the system's operating stability can be improved, the safety of the energy storage system can be enhanced, the system's flexibility can be improved, and the accuracy of the battery module voltage / current can be increased.

[0030] The reconfigurable switch array also includes a positive transmission line, a negative transmission line, a master control switch 1 and a master control switch 2. After n switch tube assemblies and n battery units are connected in series and / or in parallel, a dynamic reconfigurable battery network is formed. The input side current input end and the current output end of the n switch tube assemblies are connected to the positive transmission line and the negative transmission line respectively. The output side current input end of the n switch tube assemblies is connected to the positive transmission line through the master control switch 1, and the output side current output end of the n switch tube assemblies is connected to the negative transmission line through the master control switch 2. In this embodiment, the master control switch 1 and the master control switch 2 are used to protect the positive transmission line and the negative transmission line respectively, and can directly disconnect the entire reconfigurable battery network in the case of a serious battery failure in the system, so as to improve the safety and reliability of the system. Preferably, the switch network controller is responsible for battery energy scheduling, and comprehensively determines whether the battery network needs to be reconstructed based on any one or more state parameters of each battery's SOC, SOH, and temperature, combined with the system's load demand; battery energy scheduling has the following functions: adjusting the battery network structure to charge and discharge according to the set voltage and current values; timely isolating faulty single cells to ensure the safe operation of the battery module; improving battery cycle performance, including cycle efficiency, cycle life, and safety.

[0031] By setting the components in the reconfigurable switch array, a series of controllable switches can be added to form a switch matrix, and a large number of single cells can be connected into a battery network. The switch network controller controls the state of the switch connected to the battery, changes the battery connection mode, adjusts the circuit topology of the battery network, and then adjusts the output power of the battery pack. By operating the state switch in the switch network controller, the battery connection mode is adjusted, the battery current size is changed, and then the energy output state is changed. This is conducive to the rapid configuration of the battery module voltage / current.

[0032] Each switch tube assembly includes k switches, where k is a positive integer. The k switches are arranged between two battery cells to facilitate flexible and rapid switching of the battery cells. A switch tube assembly and a corresponding battery cell form a battery module, and each battery module is interconnected. n switch tube assemblies and n battery cells form I×J battery modules, where n=I×J; wherein the I×J battery modules are arranged in a matrix, where I is the number of rows and J is the number of columns.

[0033] Different from the reconfigurable battery pack composed of a single battery cluster commonly used in the prior art, by setting up multiple unrelated reconfigurable battery packs, the scheduling of battery cells is realized under the action of the controller, which is prone to delay problems, thereby causing the aggravation of battery failure and affecting the safety of the battery network. This application adopts large-scale batteries connected to each other, through the setting of a unified reconfigurable switch array, using the matrix arrangement method, the battery cells and switch tube components are arranged in sequence, which is conducive to convenient wiring, and is also conducive to later maintenance and replacement.

[0034] Taking a battery module as an example, the battery module includes a first battery Cell1, a second battery Cell2, a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, a sixth switch S6, a seventh switch S7 and an eighth switch S8. The positive electrode of the first battery Cell1 is electrically connected to the first switch S1, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4 respectively; the end of the third switch S3 away from the first battery Cell1 is connected to one end of the second switch S2 and the positive electrode of the second battery Cell2 respectively; the end of the first switch S1 away from the first battery Cell1 and the other end of the second switch S2 are both connected to the positive electrode transmission line or the negative electrode of the battery module in the previous row and / or column; the end of the fourth switch S4 away from the first battery Cell1 is connected to the negative electrode of the second battery Cell2, the seventh switch S7, and the eighth switch S8 respectively; the end of the eighth switch S8 away from the second battery Cell2 is connected to the sixth switch S6; the end of the eighth switch S8 away from the second battery Cell2 and the end of the sixth switch S6 away from the eighth switch S8 are both connected to the positive or negative electrode output line of the battery module in the next row and / or column; the end of the sixth switch S6 away from the eighth switch S8 is connected to the end of the fifth switch S5 away from the second battery Cell2 and the negative electrode of the first battery Cell1 through the fifth switch S5. In this embodiment, the switch is a high-frequency, low-power power MOSFET; in addition, the first switch S1, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4, the fifth switch S5, the sixth switch S6, and the seventh switch S7 form a switch tube assembly.

[0035] The setting of each component in the battery module is conducive to improving the efficiency of the switch network controller for switching abnormal battery cells, realizing the flexibility of the switch network controller for connecting or disconnecting abnormal batteries. When there are multiple faulty battery cells at the same time, it can also quickly and effectively realize the isolation of multiple faulty batteries, improve the stability and control accuracy of the reconfigurable battery network, protect the safety of maintenance personnel, and also help to increase the service life of the battery.

[0036] In the present utility model, any reconfigurable battery network may include a dynamically reconfigurable battery network system structure described in this embodiment, and based on the relevant structures and assembly relationships of the battery status sensor and the switch network controller provided in this embodiment, the reconfigurable battery network also includes conventional components including batteries, switches, wires and other structures. Since they are all prior art, they will not be described in detail here.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system, characterized in that: It includes a switch network controller, a battery status sensor, a protection circuit and a reconfigurable switch array. The switch network controller is electrically connected to the reconfigurable switch array through the battery status sensor and the protection circuit in sequence. The reconfigurable switch array includes a switch tube assembly and a battery cell. The switch tube assembly and the battery cell are both set to n, where n is a positive integer, and the n switch tube assemblies are set to n battery cells in a one-to-one correspondence.

2. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The n switch tube assemblies are connected to each other, and the n battery cells are respectively connected to the battery status sensor through the protection circuit.

3. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The n switch tube assemblies and the n battery cells are connected in series and / or in parallel with each other to form a dynamically reconfigurable battery network.

4. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection circuit includes a protection circuit composed of any one or more of an optocoupler isolator, a current limiting resistor, a voltage limiting diode, an overcurrent protector, and an overvoltage protector.

5. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reconfigurable switch array also includes a positive transmission line, a negative transmission line, a main control switch 1 and a main control switch 2. The input side current input terminal and the current output terminal of the n switch tube components are respectively connected to the positive transmission line and the negative transmission line. The output side current input terminal of the n switch tube components is connected to the positive transmission line through the main control switch 1, and the output side current output terminal of the n switch tube components is connected to the negative transmission line through the main control switch 2.

6. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switch tube assembly includes k switches, where k is a positive integer.

7. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The k switches are arranged between any two battery cells, so as to facilitate flexible and rapid switching of the battery cells.

8. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The switch is a power MOSFET.

9. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switch tube assembly and the corresponding battery cells form a battery module, and each battery module is connected to each other.

10. A dynamically reconfigurable battery network system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery module includes a first battery Cell1, a second battery Cell2, a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, a sixth switch S6, a seventh switch S7 and an eighth switch S8; the positive electrode of the first battery Cell1 is electrically connected to the first switch S1, the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4 respectively, one end of the third switch S3 away from the first battery Cell1 is connected to one end of the second switch S2 and the positive electrode of the second battery Cell2 respectively, one end of the first switch S1 away from the first battery Cell1 and the other end of the second switch S2 are both connected to the positive electrode transmission line or the previous row and / or column of battery modules. The fourth switch S4 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, one end of the fourth switch S4 away from the first battery Cell1 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the second battery Cell2, the seventh switch S7, and the eighth switch S8, one end of the eighth switch S8 away from the second battery Cell2 is connected to the sixth switch S6, one end of the eighth switch S8 away from the second battery Cell2 and one end of the sixth switch S6 away from the eighth switch S8 are both connected to the battery positive or negative output line of the battery module in the next row and / or column; one end of the sixth switch S6 away from the eighth switch S8 is respectively connected to one end of the fifth switch S5 away from the second battery Cell2 and the negative electrode of the first battery Cell1 through the fifth switch S5.

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