Horizontal turning and milling combined machining center

Abstract

A horizontal turning and milling combined machining center comprises an inclined lathe bed, a first guide rail and a second guide rail are arranged on the inclined face of the inclined lathe bed in the Z-axis direction, and the first guide rail is located above the second guide rail. A turning and milling cutter tower assembly is connected to the first guide rail in a sliding mode, and a tailstock unit is connected to the second guide rail in a sliding mode. A main shaft unit is further fixed to the inclined lathe bed, and the main shaft unit is located at the end of the second guide rail and is opposite to the tailstock unit. An automatic tool changing system is arranged behind the lathe bed; the main shaft unit is a heavy-load main shaft unit which is convenient to upgrade and reconstruct, the tailstock unit is a tailstock unit for accurately controlling the moving position of the numerical control machine tool, and the numerical control machine tool is used for overcoming the defects in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a horizontal turning and milling compound machining center. Background Art

[0002] Horizontal turning-milling machining centers generally include turning-milling units, tailstock units, spindle units, and automatic tool changing systems. However, existing horizontal turning-milling machining centers have the following defects:

[0003] 1. The movement of the tailstock sleeve is driven by hydraulic pressure, and it is difficult to control its movement accuracy through the CNC system of the machine tool. In addition, when the machine tool clamps the workpiece, the clamping force required for different workpiece weights is also different, which is prone to operator collisions, resulting in the scrapping of the workpiece and even damage to the machine tool. Moreover, when the workpiece is processed and needs to be unloaded from the machine tool, the operator is also required to control the tailstock sleeve to retract to a safe position. The low degree of automation leads to low efficiency in clamping the workpiece on the machine tool.

[0004] 2. In the prior art, dual-motor driven spindles are mainly used to achieve high torque. For precision CNC machine tools, not only high torque but also bidirectional high-precision output is required. The transmission gears of the existing dual-drive spindle units are set in the spindle box, and the gear transmission point is far away from the spindle support part. The gear transmission impact affects the running accuracy of the workpiece at the front chuck of the spindle, and the gap between the transmission gears causes low bidirectional transmission accuracy. In addition, the transmission gears are set in the spindle box. Subsequent spindle transmission improvements and upgrades require the redesign of the spindle box and the overall replacement of the spindle box, which has high transformation costs.

[0005] 3. Common tool magazines for automatic tool changing systems include disc tool magazines, chain tool magazines, and storage tool magazines. Existing storage tool magazines are mostly fan-shaped. When changing tools, the robot grabs the tools from the tool magazine to complete the automatic tool change of the machine tool; however, when loading the tools into the tool magazine, the operator must enter the tool magazine operation area and place the tools one by one into the tool positions of the tool magazine. In order to ensure the safety of the operator, the machine needs to be shut down, resulting in low machine tool efficiency; secondly, in addition to standard tools, compound machining centers also use various non-standard tools and special extra-long and extra-wide tools. The existing tool magazines cannot realize the storage and automatic replacement of non-standard tools and special extra-long and extra-wide tools, and can only be achieved through manual loading and unloading, which is labor-intensive and inefficient for workers. Summary of the invention

[0006] The utility model provides a horizontal turning and milling compound machining center to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a horizontal turning and milling compound machining center, including an inclined bed,

[0008] A first guide rail and a second guide rail are arranged on the inclined surface of the inclined bed along the Z-axis direction, and the first guide rail is located above the second guide rail; a turning and milling cutter tower assembly is slidably connected to the first guide rail, and a tailstock unit is slidably connected to the second guide rail; a spindle unit is also fixed on the inclined bed, and the spindle unit is located at the end of the second guide rail and opposite to the tailstock unit; an automatic tool changing system is arranged at the rear of the inclined bed;

[0009] The tailstock unit comprises a tailstock body, a tailstock sleeve is slidably arranged at the front end of the tailstock body, a reducer is fixed at the rear end of the tailstock body, and the power input end of the reducer is connected to the servo motor, and the power input end is coaxially connected to the rear end of the tailstock sleeve through a lead screw; a top sleeve is slidably installed at the front end of the tailstock sleeve, and a top is fixed at the front end of the top sleeve; a pressure sensor is also arranged in the tailstock sleeve, and the pressure sensor is located behind the top sleeve, and an angular displacement sensor is coaxially connected to the outer end of the lead screw after extending out of the reducer, and the servo motor, the pressure sensor and the angular displacement sensor are electrically connected to the numerical control system of the machining center respectively, and the numerical control system of the machining center controls the start and stop of the servo motor according to the control signals obtained by the pressure sensor and the angular displacement sensor; the bottom of the tailstock body is fixedly connected to a base, and the base is slidably connected to the second guide rail and a second screw drive mechanism is arranged thereon, and the tailstock unit is driven to move linearly along the second guide rail through the second screw drive mechanism;

[0010] The spindle unit comprises a spindle box, a spindle, and a transmission box. The transmission box is fixed at the rear end of the spindle box, the spindle is installed in the spindle box, the rear end of the spindle extends into the transmission box and is installed with a first gear, the front end of the spindle extends out of the spindle box and is installed with a chuck, two transmission shafts are installed in the transmission box, and the two transmission shafts are distributed on both sides of the spindle, and second gears are respectively installed on the two transmission shafts; the second gear is meshed with the first gear, and the transmission shafts are respectively driven by reduction motors installed at the rear end of the transmission box;

[0011] The automatic tool changing system includes a strip-type tool magazine, a tool changing system and a tool loading system; the strip-type tool magazine includes a standard tool position insertion area and a non-standard tool clamping area arranged in parallel; the tool changing system includes a linear guide rail arranged in parallel with the strip-type tool magazine, a base is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail, a robot is fixed on the base, and the base is driven by a motor arranged thereon to reciprocate along the linear guide rail; the tool loading system includes a slide rail arranged in parallel with the strip-type tool magazine, and the slide rail is located behind the linear guide rail, and a tool loading platform is slidably connected to the slide rail.

[0012] An elastic member is arranged between the top sleeve and the pressure sensor, and two ends of the elastic member are respectively against the top sleeve and the pressure sensor.

[0013] The two ends of the top sleeve are eccentrically slidably installed in the tailstock sleeve through the double-row cylindrical roller bearings. The rear end of the top sleeve is also equipped with a tapered roller bearing, and the tapered roller bearing is located behind the double-row cylindrical roller bearing; the outer periphery of the rear end of the tailstock sleeve is fixedly equipped with a gear ring; a sliding sleeve is provided on the tailstock body, and a rack is slidably installed on one end of the sliding sleeve and a screw rod is installed on the other end. The rack is meshed with the gear ring and is threadedly connected with the screw rod. The rack is driven to move linearly by rotating the screw rod, and then the gear ring is driven to rotate. The rotation of the gear ring causes the tailstock sleeve to rotate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the concentricity of the top sleeve and the spindle.

[0014] A circular grating is coaxially mounted on the spindle, and the circular grating is located in the spindle box, and the circular grating is electrically connected to the numerical control system of the machining center.

[0015] The strip-type tool magazine comprises at least three parallel columns, and a plurality of first beams are arranged between the two rear columns, on which a plurality of first standard tool insertion positions are arranged side by side to form the standard tool insertion area; a plurality of second beams are arranged between the two front columns, on which a plurality of first non-standard tool clamping positions are arranged side by side to form the non-standard tool clamping area; a second standard tool insertion position and a second non-standard tool clamping position are arranged at the upper end of the tool loading platform; a locking mechanism 2 is arranged at the bottom of the tool loading platform, and the tool loading platform and the slide rail are locked by the locking mechanism 2.

[0016] The tailstock body is provided with a locking mechanism 1 for locking the tailstock sleeve.

[0017] A brake disc is also provided at the rear end of the main shaft. The brake disc is fixedly connected to the outer end of the first gear and is braked by a brake fixedly installed in the transmission box.

[0018] The first standard tool insertion position and the second standard tool insertion position are both ring-shaped structures, the first non-standard tool clamping position and the second non-standard tool clamping position are both L-shaped structures, and the top of the L-shaped structure is provided with an insertion hole and the bottom is provided with an adjustable limit block.

[0019] The turning and milling turret assembly includes a saddle arranged along the X-axis direction and a second column arranged along the Y-axis direction; the bottom of the saddle is slidably connected to the first guide rail, and the saddle is provided with a first screw drive mechanism, and the saddle is driven to move along the Z-axis direction by the first screw drive mechanism; the saddle is provided with a third guide rail and a third screw drive mechanism along the X-axis direction, the end of the second column is slidably connected to the third guide rail and is driven to move linearly along the third guide rail by the third screw drive mechanism; the second column is provided with a fourth guide rail and a fourth screw drive mechanism along the Y-axis direction, a swing turning and milling head is slidably connected to the lower part of the fourth guide rail, and the swing turning and milling head is driven to move linearly along the fourth guide rail by the fourth screw drive mechanism.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The tailstock unit sets a pressure sensor on the existing screw-driven tailstock and connects it to the CNC system of the machine tool. The CNC system of the machine tool accurately controls the telescopic position of the tailstock sleeve and automatically adjusts the required tightening force for workpieces of different weights to avoid operation collisions, resulting in scrapping of workpieces and even damage to the machine tool. In addition, an elastic part is set between the top sleeve and the pressure sensor to reduce the impact of the workpiece on the pressure sensor when it contacts the top, thereby extending the service life of the pressure sensor.

[0022] 2. The tailstock unit is connected to the machine tool CNC system by setting an angular displacement sensor on the existing screw-driven tailstock. When the workpiece is processed and needs to be unloaded from the machine tool, the machine tool CNC system automatically controls the tailstock sleeve to retract to a safe position. The degree of automation is high, which improves the efficiency of clamping workpieces on the machine tool.

[0023] 3. The top sleeve of the tailstock unit is eccentrically installed in the tailstock sleeve, and the concentricity of the top sleeve and the machine tool spindle can be adjusted through the eccentric adjustment mechanism, which improves the processing accuracy.

[0024] 4. The spindle unit sets the transmission gear in the transmission box at the rear end of the spindle box, so that the gear transmission point is close to the support part at the rear end of the spindle, reducing the impact of the gear transmission impact on the running accuracy of the workpiece at the chuck part at the front end of the spindle. The transmission gear is independently set in the transmission box at the rear end of the spindle box. Subsequent spindle transmission improvements and upgrades do not require replacement of the spindle box. Only gears with appropriate transmission ratios need to be replaced to achieve conversion between high-speed and low-torque and low-speed and high-torque. The upgrade and transformation is simple and low-cost.

[0025] 5. The spindle unit forms a full closed-loop control between the spindle transmission and the CNC machine tool by installing a circular grating on the spindle, effectively improving the machining accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0026] 6. The spindle unit is equipped with a braking mechanism in the transmission box. When the brake disc is clamped by the brake mechanism at low pressure, the brake disc can still rotate at a certain speed driven by the spindle. The brake disc adds a certain damping to the spindle, eliminates the vibration of the spindle, and further improves the machining accuracy of the CNC machine tool.

[0027] 7. The automatic tool changing system sets up a tool loading system and realizes the loading and changing of tools in the tool magazine through robot grabbing. The loading and changing processes do not require the horizontal turning and milling compound machining center to stop for tool loading, thereby improving the working efficiency of the horizontal turning and milling compound machining center.

[0028] 8. The automatic tool changing system realizes the storage of non-standard tools and special extra-long and extra-wide tools by adding non-standard tools and special extra-long and extra-wide tools clamping areas in the tool magazine, and realizes the automatic tool changing of non-standard tools and special extra-long and extra-wide tools of the horizontal turning and milling compound machining center, which reduces the labor intensity of workers and improves the work efficiency of the horizontal turning and milling compound machining center.

[0029] 9. The automatic tool changing system adopts a strip-type combined tool magazine, which makes it easy to expand the number of tool positions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic tool changing system of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool mounting platform of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spindle unit of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 , 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the main shaft unit of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tailstock unit structure of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 8 , 9 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tailstock unit structure of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is combined with Figure 1-9 The utility model is described in detail with specific implementation modes.

[0038] A horizontal turning and milling compound machining center comprises an inclined bed 1, a first guide rail 2 and a second guide rail 3 are arranged on the inclined surface of the inclined bed 1 along the Z-axis direction, and the first guide rail 2 is located above the second guide rail 3; a turning and milling tool turret assembly 7 is slidably connected to the first guide rail 2, and a tailstock unit 4 is slidably connected to the second guide rail 3; a spindle unit 5 is also fixed to the inclined bed 1, and the spindle unit 5 is located at the end of the second guide rail 3 and opposite to the tailstock unit 4; an automatic tool changing system 6 is arranged at the rear of the inclined bed 1;

[0039] The tailstock unit 4 includes a tailstock body 4-1, a tailstock sleeve 4-2 is slidably arranged at the front end of the tailstock body 4-1, a reducer 4-3 is fixed at the rear end of the tailstock body 4-1, and the power input end of the reducer 4-3 is connected to the servo motor 4-4, and the power input end is coaxially connected to the rear end of the tailstock sleeve 4-2 through a screw 4-5; a top sleeve 4-10 is slidably installed at the front end of the tailstock sleeve 4-2, and a top 4-6 is fixed at the front end of the top sleeve 4-10; a pressure sensor 4-7 is also arranged in the tailstock sleeve 4-2, and the pressure sensor 4-7 is located behind the top sleeve 4-10, and the screw 4- The outer end of the tailstock body 4-1 is extended out of the reducer 4-3 and is coaxially connected with an angular displacement sensor 4-9. The servo motor 4-4, the pressure sensor 4-7 and the angular displacement sensor 4-9 are electrically connected to the numerical control system of the machining center respectively. The numerical control system of the machining center controls the start and stop of the servo motor 4-4 according to the control signals obtained by the pressure sensor 4-7 and the angular displacement sensor 4-9; the bottom of the tailstock body 4-1 is fixedly connected to a base 4-12, the base 4-12 is slidably connected to the second guide rail 3 and a second screw drive mechanism 4-13 is arranged thereon, and the tailstock unit 4 is driven to move linearly along the second guide rail 3 by the second screw drive mechanism 4-13;

[0040] When the tailstock unit is working, the upper limit pressure value of the clamping force required for different workpiece weights is first set through the CNC system of the machining center, and the number of turns of the screw 4-5 to rotate and retract is set according to the safe distance of the tailstock sleeve 4-2 when the workpiece is processed and needs to be unloaded from the machine tool. Then the workpiece is clamped, the servo motor 4-4 is started, and the tailstock sleeve 4-2 is extended through the reducer and the screw. When the top presses the workpiece, when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 4-7 reaches the upper limit pressure value, the servo motor 4-4 stops and the tailstock sleeve 4-2 stops extending, avoiding collisions, workpiece scrapping, and even machine tool damage. When the workpiece processing is completed, the servo motor 4-4 starts, and drives the tailstock sleeve 4-2 to retract through the reducer and the screw. At the same time, the angular displacement sensor 4-9 detects the number of circles of the screw 4-5 rotating back. When the number of circles of the screw rotating back reaches the set value, the servo motor 4-4 stops, and the tailstock sleeve 4-2 stops retreating, and the workpiece can be unloaded. The high degree of automation improves the efficiency of clamping workpieces on the machine tool.

[0041] Furthermore, an elastic member 4-8 is provided between the top sleeve 4-10 and the pressure sensor 4-7, and the two ends of the elastic member 4-8 are respectively against the top sleeve 4-10 and the pressure sensor 4-7, so as to reduce the impact on the pressure sensor when the workpiece contacts the top, and prolong the service life of the pressure sensor.

[0042] Preferably, the elastic member 4-8 is a disc spring assembly.

[0043] In one embodiment, both ends of the top sleeve 4-10 are slidably installed in the tail sleeve 4-2 by means of a double-row cylindrical roller bearing 4-15, and a tapered roller bearing 4-16 is also installed at the rear end of the top sleeve 4-10, and the tapered roller bearing 4-16 is located behind the double-row cylindrical roller bearing 4-15, and the axial bearing capacity of the tail sleeve 4-2 is ensured by the tapered roller bearing 4-16.

[0044] In the above embodiment, in order to improve the concentricity of the top sleeve and the machine tool spindle and ensure the processing accuracy; the top sleeve 4-10 is eccentrically installed in the tailstock sleeve 4-2, and the rear end periphery of the tailstock sleeve 4-2 is fixedly sleeved with a ring gear 4-17; a sliding sleeve 4-18 is provided on the tailstock body 4-1, and a rack 4-19 is slidably installed at one end of the sliding sleeve 4-18 and a screw rod 4-14 is installed at the other end, the rack 4-19 is meshed with the ring gear 4-17 and is threadedly connected with the screw rod 4-14, and the rack 4-19 is driven to move linearly by rotating the screw rod 4-14, and then the ring gear 4-17 is driven to rotate, and the rotation of the ring gear 4-17 causes the tailstock sleeve 4-2 to rotate, thereby realizing the adjustment of the concentricity of the top sleeve 4-10 and the machine tool spindle.

[0045] In one embodiment, in order to prevent the tapered roller bearing 4-16 from being damaged and not being detected, a temperature sensor 14 for detecting the working temperature of the tapered roller bearing 4-16 is installed on the tailstock sleeve 4-2.

[0046] In one embodiment, the tailstock body 4-1 is provided with a locking mechanism 4-11 for locking the position of the tailstock sleeve 4-2 to reduce the force on the screw and extend the life of the screw.

[0047] Preferably, the locking mechanism 4-11 is a hydraulic locking mechanism.

[0048] The spindle unit 5 includes a spindle box 5-1, a spindle 5-2, and a transmission box 5-3. The transmission box 5-3 is fixed at the rear end of the spindle box 5-1. The spindle 5-2 is installed in the spindle box 5-1. The rear end of the spindle 5-2 extends into the transmission box 5-3 and is installed with a first gear 5-4. The front end of the spindle 5-2 extends out of the spindle box 5-1 and is installed with a chuck 5-5. Two transmission shafts 5-6 are installed in the transmission box 5-3, and the two transmission shafts 5-6 are distributed on both sides of the spindle 5-2, and second gears 5-8 are respectively installed on the two transmission shafts 5-6; the second gear 5-8 is meshed with the first gear 5-4, and the transmission shafts 5-6 are respectively driven by reduction motors 5-7 installed at the rear end of the transmission box 5-3;

[0049] Furthermore, in order to reduce the reverse clearance, the second gear 5 - 8 and the first gear 5 - 4 are both anti-backlash gears.

[0050] In order to improve the positioning accuracy of the spindle operation, the spindle transmission and the machining center form a full closed-loop control, and effectively improve the machining accuracy of the CNC machine tool, a circular grating 5-9 is coaxially installed on the spindle 5-2, and the circular grating 5-9 is located in the spindle box 5-1, and the circular grating 5-9 is electrically connected to the CNC system of the machining center.

[0051] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the main shaft to be completely stationary, a brake disc 5-10 is also provided at the rear end of the main shaft 2. The brake disc 5-10 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the first gear 5-4, and the brake disc 5-10 is braked by a brake 5-11 fixedly installed in the transmission box 5-3.

[0052] In the spindle feed mode: the brake 5-11 clamps the brake disc 5-10 at low pressure, adding a certain damping to the spindle to eliminate spindle vibration, and realize synchronous processing of the machine tool workpiece and the tool operation or synchronous processing of the workpiece operation and the tool stationary state.

[0053] In the spindle static mode: the brake 5-11 clamps the brake disc 5-10 with high pressure, making the spindle completely static. It is mainly used to fix the workpiece and realize synchronous processing of the machine tool workpiece static state and the tool operation.

[0054] In one embodiment, the reduction motor 5-7 is connected to the transmission shaft 5-6 via a coupling, and the spindle box 5-1 is fixed on the base.

[0055] In one embodiment, in order to enhance the connection rigidity of the reduction motor 5-7, a bracket 5-12 is fixed to the bottom of the transmission box 5-3, and the reduction motor is fixed on the bracket 5-12.

[0056] The automatic tool changing system 6 includes a strip-type tool magazine 6-1, a tool changing system 6-2 and a tool mounting system 6-3; the strip-type tool magazine 6-1 includes a standard tool position insertion area 6-1-1 and a non-standard tool clamping area 6-1-2 arranged in parallel; the tool changing system 6-2 includes a linear guide rail 6-2-1 arranged in parallel with the strip-type tool magazine 6-1, a base 6-2-2 is slidably arranged on the linear guide rail 6-2-1, a robot 6-2-3 is fixed on the base 6-2-2, and the base 6-2-2 is driven by a motor 6-2-4 arranged thereon to reciprocate along the linear guide rail 6-2-1; the tool mounting system 6-3 includes a slide rail 6-3-1 arranged in parallel with the strip-type tool magazine 6-1, and the slide rail 6-3-1 is located behind the linear guide rail 6-2-1, and a tool mounting table 6-3-2 is slidably connected to the slide rail 6-3-1.

[0057] Furthermore, the strip-type tool magazine 6-1 includes at least three parallel columns 6-1-3, and a plurality of first beams 6-1-4 are arranged between the two rear columns, and a plurality of first standard tool insertion positions 6-1-5 are arranged side by side on the first beams 6-1-4 to form the standard tool position insertion area 6-1-1; a plurality of second beams 6-1-6 are arranged between the two front columns, and a plurality of first non-standard tool clamping positions 6-1-7 are arranged side by side on the second beams 6-1-6 to form the non-standard tool clamping area 6-1-2; a second standard tool insertion position 6-3-3 and a second non-standard tool clamping position 6-3-4 are arranged at the upper end of the tool mounting table 6-3-2; a locking mechanism 6-3-5 is arranged at the bottom of the tool mounting table 6-3-2, and the tool mounting table 6-3-2 and the slide rail 6-3-1 are locked by the locking mechanism 6-3-5.

[0058] Of course, the utility model can also realize the expansion of the number of tool positions of the strip-type tool magazine 6-1 by increasing the number of columns 6-1-3.

[0059] In one embodiment, the first standard tool insertion position 6-1-5 and the second standard tool insertion position 6-3-3 are both annular structures, the first non-standard tool clamping position 6-1-7 and the second non-standard tool clamping position 6-3-4 are both L-shaped structures, and the top of the L-shaped structure is provided with an insertion hole 6-4 and the bottom is provided with an adjustable limit block 6-5.

[0060] When it is necessary to load a tool into the strip-type tool magazine 6-1, first pull the tool loading platform 6-3-2 to the front end position of the slide rail 6-3-1, and then manually insert or clamp the required tool into the second standard tool insertion position 6-3-3 or the second non-standard tool clamping position 6-3-4 on the tool loading platform 6-3-2 according to the type, then push the tool loading platform 6-3-2 to the rear end position of the slide rail 6-3-1, and lock the tool loading platform 6-3-2 and the slide rail 6-3-1 through the locking mechanism 6-3-5, finally, grab the tool on the tool loading platform 6-3-2 through the robot 6-2-3 and move it along the linear guide mechanism 6-2-1 to transport the tool to the standard tool position insertion area 6-1-1 or the non-standard tool clamping area 6-1-2 of the strip-type tool magazine 6-1 for storage and standby use.

[0061] When it is necessary to change the tool for the strip-type tool magazine 6-1, first push the tool loading platform 6-3-2 to the rear end position of the slide rail 6-3-1 and lock the tool loading platform 6-3-2 and the slide rail 6-3-1 through the locking mechanism 6-3-5, then use the robot 6-2-3 to grab the tool to be replaced in the strip-type tool magazine 6-1 and move it along the linear guide mechanism 6-2-1 to insert or clamp the tool on the second standard tool insertion position 6-3-3 or the second non-standard tool clamping position 6-3-4 on the tool loading platform 6-3-2, finally manually pull the tool loading platform 6-3-2 to the front end position of the slide rail 6-3-1 to remove the tool, and install the new tool on the tool loading platform 6-3-2, and the strip-type tool magazine 6-1 tool change can be realized according to the above-mentioned tool loading process.

[0062] The tool loading and tool changing processes of the strip tool magazine 6-1 do not require the horizontal turning-milling compound machining center to stop for tool loading, thereby improving the working efficiency of the horizontal turning-milling compound machining center.

[0063] When the horizontal turning-milling compound machining center changes tools, the robot 6-2-3 grabs the tool to be replaced in the strip tool magazine 6-1 and moves along the linear guide mechanism 6-2-1 to install the tool on the swing turning-milling head 7-8 of the horizontal turning-milling compound machining center, thereby realizing automatic tool change of the horizontal turning-milling compound machining center.

[0064] The turning and milling tool turret assembly 7 includes a saddle 7-1 arranged along the X-axis direction and a column 7-2 arranged along the Y-axis direction; the bottom of the saddle 7-1 is slidably connected to the first guide rail 2, and the saddle 7-1 is provided with a first screw drive mechanism 7-3, and the saddle 7-1 is driven to move along the Z-axis direction by the first screw drive mechanism 7-3; the saddle 7-1 is provided with a third guide rail 7-4 and a third screw drive mechanism 7-5 along the X-axis direction, the end of the column 7-2 is slidably connected to the third guide rail 7-4 and is driven to move linearly along the third guide rail 7-4 by the third screw drive mechanism 7-5; the column 7-2 is provided with a fourth guide rail 7-6 and a fourth screw drive mechanism 7-7 along the Y-axis direction, and a swing turning and milling head 7-8 is slidably connected to the lower part of the fourth guide rail 7-6, and the swing turning and milling head 7-8 is driven to move linearly along the fourth guide rail 7-6 by the fourth screw drive mechanism 7-7.

[0065] The swing-head milling head can move along the Y axis or rotate along an axis parallel to the Y axis. The tool grabbed by the robot from the strip tool magazine can be automatically installed on the spindle of the swing-head milling head, realizing automatic tool change of the horizontal milling and turning compound machining center. The tool installed on the spindle of the swing-head milling head can be stationary or rotate around its own spindle, and the multi-axis linkage machining of the workpiece can be realized through the control of the CNC system of the machining center.

[0066] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the contents described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal turning-milling machining center, comprising an inclined bed (1), characterized in that: A first guide rail (2) and a second guide rail (3) are arranged on the inclined surface of the inclined bed (1) along the Z-axis direction, and the first guide rail (2) is located above the second guide rail (3); a turning and milling tool turret assembly (7) is slidably connected to the first guide rail (2), and a tailstock unit (4) is slidably connected to the second guide rail (3); a spindle unit (5) is also fixed to the inclined bed (1), and the spindle unit (5) is located at the end of the second guide rail (3) and opposite to the tailstock unit (4); an automatic tool changing system (6) is arranged at the rear of the inclined bed (1); The tailstock unit (4) comprises a tailstock body (4-1), a tailstock sleeve (4-2) is slidably arranged at the front end of the tailstock body (4-1), a reducer (4-3) is fixed at the rear end of the tailstock body (4-1), and the power input end of the reducer (4-3) is connected to the servo motor (4-4), and the power input end is coaxially connected to the rear end of the tailstock sleeve (4-2) through a lead screw (4-5); a center sleeve (4-10) is slidably arranged at the front end of the tailstock sleeve (4-2), and a center (4-6) is fixed at the front end of the center sleeve (4-10); a pressure sensor (4-7) is also arranged in the tailstock sleeve (4-2), and the pressure sensor (4-7) is located behind the center sleeve (4-10), and the lead screw (4-5) is connected to the rear end of the tailstock sleeve (4-2). The outer end of the tailstock body (4-5) extends out of the reducer (4-3) and is coaxially connected to an angular displacement sensor (4-9); the servo motor (4-4), the pressure sensor (4-7) and the angular displacement sensor (4-9) are respectively electrically connected to a numerical control system of a machining center; the numerical control system of the machining center controls the start and stop of the servo motor (4-4) according to control signals obtained by the pressure sensor (4-7) and the angular displacement sensor (4-9); the bottom of the tailstock body (4-1) is fixedly connected to a base (4-12); the base (4-12) is slidably connected to the second guide rail (3) and is provided with a second screw drive mechanism (4-13); the tailstock unit (4) is driven to move linearly along the second guide rail (3) by the second screw drive mechanism (4-13); The spindle unit (5) comprises a spindle box (5-1), a spindle (5-2), and a transmission box (5-3); the transmission box (5-3) is fixed at the rear end of the spindle box (5-1); the spindle (5-2) is installed in the spindle box (5-1); the rear end of the spindle (5-2) extends into the transmission box (5-3) and is installed with a first gear (5-4); the front end of the spindle (5-2) extends outside the spindle box (5-1) and is installed with a chuck (5-5); two transmission shafts (5-6) are installed in the transmission box (5-3), and the two transmission shafts (5-6) are distributed on both sides of the spindle (5-2); and second gears (5-8) are respectively installed on the two transmission shafts (5-6); the second gear (5-8) is meshed with the first gear (5-4); and the transmission shafts (5-6) are respectively driven by reduction motors (5-7) installed at the rear end of the transmission box (5-3); The automatic tool changing system (6) comprises a strip-type tool magazine (6-1), a tool changing system (6-2) and a tool mounting system (6-3); the strip-type tool magazine (6-1) comprises a standard tool position insertion area (6-1-1) and a non-standard tool clamping area (6-1-2) arranged in parallel; the tool changing system (6-2) comprises a linear guide rail (6-2-1) arranged in parallel with the strip-type tool magazine (6-1), a base (6-2-2) being slidably arranged on the linear guide rail (6-2-1), and the base A robot (6-2-3) is fixed on (6-2-2), and the base (6-2-2) is driven by a motor (6-2-4) arranged thereon to reciprocate along the linear guide rail (6-2-1); the tool loading system (6-3) includes a slide rail (6-3-1) arranged parallel to the strip tool magazine (6-1), and the slide rail (6-3-1) is located behind the linear guide rail (6-2-1), and a tool loading platform (6-3-2) is slidably connected to the slide rail (6-3-1).

2. The horizontal turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An elastic member (4-8) is provided between the top sleeve (4-10) and the pressure sensor (4-7), and two ends of the elastic member (4-8) are respectively against the top sleeve (4-10) and the pressure sensor (4-7).

3. The horizontal turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two ends of the top sleeve (4-10) are eccentrically slidably installed in the tailstock sleeve (4-2) by means of double-row cylindrical roller bearings (4-15); the rear end of the top sleeve (4-10) is also provided with a tapered roller bearing (4-16), and the tapered roller bearing (4-16) is located behind the double-row cylindrical roller bearing (4-15); a gear ring (4-17) is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the rear end of the tailstock sleeve (4-2); a sliding sleeve (4-18) is provided on the tailstock body (4-1); A rack (4-19) is slidably mounted on one end of the sliding sleeve (4-18), and a lead screw (4-14) is mounted on the other end; the rack (4-19) meshes with a gear ring (4-17) and is threadedly connected to the lead screw (4-14); the lead screw (4-14) is rotated to drive the rack (4-19) to move linearly, thereby driving the gear ring (4-17) to rotate; the rotation of the gear ring (4-17) causes the tailstock sleeve (4-2) to rotate, thereby achieving concentricity adjustment between the top sleeve (4-10) and the spindle (5-2).

4. The horizontal turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular grating (5-9) is coaxially mounted on the spindle (5-2), the circular grating (5-9) is located in the spindle box (5-1), and the circular grating (5-9) is electrically connected to a numerical control system of a machining center.

5. The horizontal turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The strip-type tool magazine (6-1) comprises at least three parallel vertical columns (6-1-3), and a plurality of first crossbeams (6-1-4) are arranged between the two rear vertical columns, and a plurality of first standard tool insertion positions (6-1-5) are arranged side by side on the first crossbeams (6-1-4) to form the standard tool position insertion area (6-1-1); a plurality of second crossbeams (6-1-6) are arranged between the two front vertical columns, and a plurality of first standard tool insertion positions (6-1-5) are arranged side by side on the second crossbeams (6-1-6) to form the standard tool position insertion area (6-1-1); A plurality of first non-standard tool clamping positions (6-1-7) are provided to form the non-standard tool clamping area (6-1-2); a second standard tool insertion position (6-3-3) and a second non-standard tool clamping position (6-3-4) are provided at the upper end of the tool mounting platform (6-3-2); a second locking mechanism (6-3-5) is provided at the bottom of the tool mounting platform (6-3-2), and the tool mounting platform (6-3-2) and the slide rail (6-3-1) are locked by the second locking mechanism (6-3-5).

6. The horizontal turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The tailstock body (4-1) is provided with a locking mechanism (4-11) for locking the tailstock sleeve (4-2).

7. The horizontal turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: A brake disc (5-10) is also provided at the rear end of the main shaft (5-2); the brake disc (5-10) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the first gear (5-4), and the brake disc (5-10) is braked by a brake (5-11) fixedly mounted in the transmission box (5-3).

8. The horizontal turning-milling compound machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first standard tool insertion position (6-1-5) and the second standard tool insertion position (6-3-3) are both ring-shaped structures, the first non-standard tool clamping position (6-1-7) and the second non-standard tool clamping position (6-3-4) are both L-shaped structures, and the top of the L-shaped structure is provided with an insertion hole (6-1-8) and the bottom is provided with an adjustable limit block (6-1-9).

9. The horizontal turning-milling compound machining center according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The turning and milling turret assembly (7) comprises a saddle (7-1) arranged along the X-axis direction and a second column (7-2) arranged along the Y-axis direction; the bottom of the saddle (7-1) is slidably connected to the first guide rail (2), and the saddle (7-1) is provided with a first screw drive mechanism (7-3), and the saddle (7-1) is driven to move along the Z-axis direction by the first screw drive mechanism (7-3); the saddle (7-1) is provided with a third guide rail (7-4) and a third screw drive mechanism (7-5) along the X-axis direction, The end of the second column (7-2) is slidably connected to the third guide rail (7-4) and driven by the third screw drive mechanism (7-5) to move linearly along the third guide rail (7-4); a fourth guide rail (7-6) and a fourth screw drive mechanism (7-7) are arranged on the second column (7-2) along the Y-axis direction; a swing milling head (7-8) is slidably connected below the fourth guide rail (7-6), and the swing milling head (7-8) is driven by the fourth screw drive mechanism (7-7) to move linearly along the fourth guide rail (7-6).

Images