Ventilation type cold chain transportation carriage

Abstract

The utility model relates to a ventilation type cold chain transportation compartment which comprises a compartment body, a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, a circulating pipeline and an air feeder, and the refrigerator is connected with the heat exchanger in a circulating mode and used for feeding refrigerants to take away heat. The air feeder and the circulating pipeline feed cold air into the compartment body, and hot air is brought back for heat exchange in the heat exchanger; a cargo inlet and outlet door is arranged at the tail of the compartment body, an air inlet interlayer and an air return interlayer are arranged on two sides of the compartment body, holes are respectively formed in the air inlet interlayer and the air return interlayer towards the inside of the compartment body, a circulating pipeline feeds cold air from the head of the air inlet interlayer, the tail of the air return interlayer is connected with the circulating pipeline and is connected to a heat exchanger, and adjusting air valves are mounted on the holes in the air inlet interlayer. A supercritical foaming material is adopted in the compartment body, so that the compartment body has the advantages of light weight and good heat insulation effect; the compartment body can control the circulating air volume of each point, and the air volume of each air inlet is adjusted in real time by feeding back the temperature condition of each area through a temperature sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present technology relates to the technical field of cold chain carriages, and specifically to a ventilated cold chain transport carriage. Background Art

[0002] Refrigerated carriages are an indispensable key equipment in highway cold chain transportation. They are equipped with insulation structures and refrigeration devices to ensure that perishable foods remain in a low-temperature environment during transportation, ensuring the freshness and safety of the food. With the growth of national cold chain logistics market demand, the development of product technology and the improvement of industry policies, the cold chain transportation industry is developing rapidly.

[0003] The current status of technical research is mainly concentrated in the following aspects:

[0004] Refrigeration system: The refrigeration system consists of refrigerant and four major parts, including compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve. It is the key to realizing the functions of refrigeration, fresh-keeping and transportation.

[0005] Ventilation system: Study the effects of different auxiliary ventilation structures on the air distribution in the carriage, the uniformity of cargo cooling and the cooling time, as well as the effects of the door opening position and number of the carriage structure on the ambient temperature.

[0006] Cooling system: Refrigerated trucks can be divided into three types: mechanical, cold storage plate and liquid vaporization refrigeration. At present, mechanical and cold storage plate refrigeration methods are more widely used, while liquid vaporization refrigeration system is being studied due to its environmental protection and energy-saving characteristics.

[0007] Vehicle structure optimization: including vehicle compartment structure optimization, insulation material selection, and multi-temperature zone refrigerated vehicle design to improve refrigeration effect and reduce energy consumption.

[0008] When in use, the cargo stacking method inside the compartment is standardized to ensure the optimal cooling effect. The precise control of the temperature control system, due to the time lag and nonlinear characteristics of the temperature field, affects the performance of the temperature control system to a certain extent.

[0009] The complex compartment structure and usage requirements will restrict the application of refrigerated car compartments. Therefore, a new refrigerated compartment is developed that can be flexibly partitioned according to different requirements, and can achieve relatively accurate partition temperature control, and does not need to strictly follow the standard stacking method, and can still maintain a good refrigeration effect. Summary of the invention

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a ventilated cold chain transport carriage, and its technical solution is as follows.

[0011] A ventilated cold chain transport carriage, the carriage comprising a carriage, a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, a circulation duct and an air blower, the refrigerator being connected in a circulation manner with the heat exchanger to send in a refrigerant to take away the heat; the air blower and the circulation duct send cold air into the carriage, and bring back hot air for heat exchange in the heat exchanger; the carriage is sealed, a cargo inlet and outlet door is provided at the rear of the carriage, an air inlet interlayer and a return air interlayer are provided on both sides of the carriage, the air inlet interlayer and the return air interlayer respectively have holes opened to the inside of the carriage, and the holes are arranged in a plurality of rows, the circulation duct sends in cold air from the head of the air inlet interlayer, and the rear of the return air interlayer is connected to the heat exchanger by the circulation duct, and the holes on the air inlet interlayer are all equipped with regulating air valves.

[0012] In this technical solution, the foam material prepared by supercritical foaming method in the compartment has a density of 0.01-0.10 g / cm 3 , the heat transfer coefficient is 0.02-0.50W / m·K; the pore range of the foaming material is 10-300μm, the wall thickness is 0.05-5μm, and the pore density is 10 6 -10 12 Pieces / cm 3 .

[0013] In the present technical solution, the material of the foaming material is selected from polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyimide.

[0014] In the present technical solution, the regulating air valve is selected from a butterfly valve and a plug valve.

[0015] In the technical solution, the head of the air inlet interlayer is wide and the tail is narrow; the head and tail of the return air interlayer are of equal width.

[0016] In the technical solution, the top plate and the bottom plate of the compartment body have corresponding concave and convex grooves, and the corresponding grooves can accommodate the partition plates to be stuck in and taken out of the grooves.

[0017] In this technical solution, a temperature sensor is provided on the top of the compartment.

[0018] In the technical solution, there are several groups of temperature sensors in the head and tail directions, distributed on the axis of the carriage.

[0019] In this technical solution, the refrigerator and the heat exchanger are located in front of the head of the carriage.

[0020] In the technical solution, the return air interlayer is connected to the circulation duct from the top or bottom of the compartment, and the inlet air interlayer is connected to the circulation duct from the head of the compartment.

[0021] In the technical solution, a controller is installed in the carriage, and the controller is connected to the temperature sensor signal and controls the connected air valve.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the utility model has the following technical effects:

[0023] Mezzanines are set on both sides of the compartment as air inlet and return air mezzanines. At the same time, air valves are independently set at the air inlets to control the circulating air volume at each point. After the goods are put in, the temperature conditions of each area can be fed back through the temperature sensor, and the air volume of each air inlet can be adjusted in real time, thereby realizing temperature closed-loop control. It can achieve temperature uniformity everywhere without strict stacking method.

[0024] The inlet of the air inlet interlayer is at the front, and the outlet of the return air interlayer is at the rear. By utilizing the principle of isobaric pipes, the air outlet is more uniform, compensating for the unequal wind distance and avoiding low temperature at the front of the vehicle and high temperature at the rear of the vehicle.

[0025] The air inlet layer can be gradually reduced to achieve a self-increasing effect, so that the wind pressure at the tail becomes larger and the circulation volume can still be guaranteed.

[0026] The grooves set on the top plate and the bottom plate can easily achieve partitioning after the partition plate is inserted. Then, combined with the partition control of the air valve, a refrigeration mode with different temperatures in different zones can be realized in the same compartment. This is suitable for transporting goods with different storage temperature requirements in the same compartment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a top view schematic diagram;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air valve installation;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified image of

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the partition plate and the slot.

[0033] Among them, 1-compartment, 2-refrigerator, 3-heat exchanger, 4-circulation pipe, 5-door, 6-air inlet interlayer, 7-return air interlayer, 8-hole, 9-air valve, 10-slot, 11-partition plate, 12-temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the combination or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the device positional relationships such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. in all the drawings are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. Figure 1 As standard. Example

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a ventilated cold chain transport carriage, the carriage includes a carriage 1, a refrigerator 2, a heat exchanger 3, a circulation pipe 4 and a blower, the refrigerator 2 is connected to the heat exchanger 3 in a loop, and a refrigerant is sent in to take away the heat; the blower and the circulation pipe 4 send cold air into the carriage 1, and bring back hot air for heat exchange in the heat exchanger 3; the carriage 1 is sealed, and a cargo inlet and outlet door 5 is provided at the rear of the carriage 1, and an air inlet interlayer 6 and a return air interlayer 7 are provided on both sides of the carriage 1, and the air inlet interlayer 6 and the return air interlayer 7 respectively open holes 8 inside the carriage 1, and the openings 8 have several rows, the circulation pipe 4 sends cold air from the head of the air inlet interlayer 6, and the tail of the return air interlayer 7 is connected to the circulation pipe 4 and connected to the heat exchanger, and the holes 8 on the air inlet interlayer 6 are all installed with regulating air valves 9. The regulating air valve 9 is selected from a butterfly valve and a plug valve.

[0037] By utilizing the principle of isobaric pipes, the air outlet is made more uniform, compensating for the unequal wind distances and avoiding low temperatures at the front of the vehicle and high temperatures at the rear of the vehicle.

[0038] The compartment 1 is provided with a thermal insulation material prepared by supercritical foaming method, and the density of the foaming material is 0.01-0.10g / cm 3 , the heat transfer coefficient is 0.02-0.50W / m·K; the pore range of the foaming material is 10-300μm, the wall thickness is 0.05-5μm, and the pore density is 10 6 -10 12 Pieces / cm 3. The material of the foaming material is selected from polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polylactic acid, polyethylene terephthalate, polytetrafluoroethylene or polyimide. The supercritical foaming preparation process mainly includes: 1) raw material mixing, mixing polypropylene powder and necessary additives in a certain proportion. 2) supercritical fluid injection, the mixed raw materials are sent to the supercritical foaming equipment, and supercritical CO2 is injected into the polymer melt through a high-pressure pump to form a polymer / gas homogeneous system; 3) temperature and pressure control, adjust the temperature and pressure in the equipment to make the homogeneous system reach a supercritical state, and maintain it for a certain time to ensure that the supercritical CO2 is fully dissolved in the polymer; 4) foaming and curing, quickly reduce the system pressure or increase the temperature, so that the supercritical CO2 in the homogeneous system reaches a supersaturated state, induce bubble nucleation and rapid expansion, and form a microporous structure. Subsequently, by cooling and curing, a foaming material with excellent thermal insulation properties is obtained. Finally, the prepared foam material is cut into appropriate sizes and shapes according to the design requirements, and laid on the inner wall and top of the cold chain transport compartment to form a continuous thermal insulation layer. The foam material prepared by the supercritical foaming method has a microporous structure with small pore size, low density, and thin pore wall, which can effectively reduce thermal conductivity and improve thermal insulation effects. Compared with traditional thermal insulation materials, the foam material of the present invention has higher thermal insulation performance at the same thickness, which helps to reduce energy consumption during cold chain transportation. The supercritical foaming method utilizes the dependence of the solubility of supercritical CO2 in the polymer on temperature and pressure, and realizes precise control of the microporous structure by precisely controlling the temperature and pressure changes during the foaming process. This microporous structure not only improves the thermal insulation performance of the material, but also gives the material excellent properties such as light weight and high strength. Example

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, based on Example 1, the air inlet interlayer 6 is wide at the head and narrow at the tail; the return air interlayer 7 is of equal width at the head and tail.

[0040] The volume of the rear part of the air inlet interlayer 6 is reduced, and the pressure is increased, thereby achieving a self-increasing effect, so that the wind pressure at the rear part becomes larger. On the basis of not increasing the wind pressure of the air supply fan, the circulation volume at the rear part can be maintained. Example

[0041] like Figure 6 As shown, based on Example 1, the top plate and the bottom plate of the compartment body 1 have corresponding concave and convex grooves 10, and the corresponding grooves 10 can accommodate the partition plate 11 to be stuck in and taken out of the grooves 10.

[0042] A temperature sensor 12 is provided on the top of the carriage 1, and there are several groups of the temperature sensors 12 in the head and tail directions, distributed on the axis of the carriage.

[0043] The partitioning partitions refer to the traditional wooden "door panels", with grooves 10 on the top and bottom. The height of the lower groove is less than the height that the partition board can be lifted in the upper groove. There is a relatively movable board in the middle, which can play a role of partitioning when inserted, and there will be no large air leakage. When the partition board is lifted up, an angle can be found to remove the partition board. In this way, the partition board can be used as an accessory and used flexibly to partition the parts that need to be partitioned. In order to improve the airtightness, elastic sealing materials can be added in the groove 10. Example

[0044] On the basis of Example 1, the refrigerator 2 and the heat exchanger 3 are located in front of the head of the carriage. The return air interlayer 7 is connected to the circulation pipe 4 from the top or bottom of the carriage 1, and the inlet air interlayer 6 is connected to the circulation pipe 4 from the head of the carriage 1. This layout is relatively compact and can also keep the appearance of the carriage from being greatly affected. Example

[0045] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments 1-4, the carriage is equipped with a controller, which is connected to the temperature sensor 12 signal and controls the air valve 9.

[0046] During control, for example, when goods in different stacking methods are put in or taken out, the air circulation will be greatly disturbed, and the temperature will not be uniform. At this time, the air valve increases the opening of the high temperature part and reduces the opening of the low temperature part according to the collected temperature feedback, so that the temperature in the compartment 1 can be uniform again. There is no need to place or move the goods strictly according to the stacking requirements.

[0047] For example, if the front and rear areas are divided and the front area needs a lower temperature, the air valve of the front area is increased, while the air valve of the rear area is appropriately closed. After the temperature is balanced, the two areas may form a high and low temperature difference. In addition, the air valve can be adjusted according to the real-time collected temperature. As long as the cooling power is appropriate, various flexible combination control modes can be realized.

Claims

1. A ventilated cold chain transport carriage, characterized in that: The carriage includes a carriage body, a refrigerator, a heat exchanger, a circulation duct and an air blower. The refrigerator is connected to the heat exchanger in a cycle, and a refrigerant is sent in to take away the heat. The air blower and the circulation duct send cold air into the carriage body, and bring back hot air for heat exchange in the heat exchanger. The carriage body is sealed, and a cargo inlet and outlet door is provided at the rear of the carriage body. An air inlet interlayer and a return air interlayer are provided on both sides of the carriage body. The air inlet interlayer and the return air interlayer are respectively opened to the inside of the carriage, and there are several rows of openings. The circulation duct sends cold air from the head of the air inlet interlayer, and the rear of the return air interlayer is connected to the circulation duct to the heat exchanger. The holes on the air inlet interlayer are all equipped with regulating air valves.

2. The ventilated cold chain transport carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating air valve is selected from a butterfly valve and a plug valve; the head of the air inlet interlayer is wide and the tail is narrow; the head and tail of the return air interlayer are of equal width.

3. The ventilated cold chain transport carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top plate and the bottom plate of the compartment body are provided with grooves with corresponding concave and convex shapes, and the corresponding grooves can accommodate the partition plates to be stuck in and taken out of the grooves.

4. The ventilated cold chain transport carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is arranged on the top of the compartment.

5. The ventilated cold chain transport carriage according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are several groups of temperature sensors in the head and tail directions, distributed on the axis of the carriage.

6. The ventilated cold chain transport carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerator and the heat exchanger are located in front of the head of the carriage.

7. The ventilated cold chain transport carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return air interlayer is connected to the circulation duct from the top or bottom of the compartment, and the inlet air interlayer is connected to the circulation duct from the head of the compartment.

8. The ventilated cold chain transport carriage according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The carriage is equipped with a controller, which is connected to the temperature sensor signal and controls the air valve.

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