Backflushing prevention device and storage tank

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of liquid backflushing, in particular to an anti-backflushing device and a storage tank. The anti-backflushing device comprises a shell, a first cavity and a second cavity are sequentially formed in the shell in the horizontal direction, the upper end and the lower end of the first cavity are provided with an air inlet connecting pipe and a backflow hole respectively, a floating ball is arranged in the first cavity, the bottom of the second cavity communicates with a downward extending pipe, and the bottom of the downward extending pipe communicates with an air inlet pipe. And one end, far away from the second chamber, of the downward extending pipe is lower than the backflow hole. According to the utility model, when liquid metal is back-flushed up from the lower extension pipe, the liquid metal is buffered and damped due to the fact that the liquid metal enters the second cavity and the flow channel is expanded, the liquid metal enters the first cavity through the communicating hole along with the rising of the liquid metal liquid level, and the floating ball rises gradually, so that the liquid metal flows back from the backflow hole and does not flow back into the air inlet connecting pipe to be solidified; even if the temperature of the liquid metal medium reaches 550 DEG C or above, the liquid metal medium can still be used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of liquid recoil, in particular to an anti-recoil device and a storage tank. Background Art

[0002] High-temperature molten liquid metals mainly include high-temperature liquid lead and bismuth, high-temperature liquid metal sodium and high-temperature molten salt. They have entered the field of vision of researchers due to their high efficiency in fuel utilization, heat conversion rate, good inherent safety and passive safety. The gas is introduced into the high-temperature molten liquid metal tank to react with the liquid metal.

[0003] When the pressure of the gas phase space in the storage tank increases, the liquid metal will be recoiled into the air intake pipe through the downtube extending below the liquid metal surface. Since the temperature inside the air intake pipe (air intake pipe) is low, the high-temperature liquid metal medium that recoils into the air intake pipe is easy to solidify in the air intake pipe, causing the pipe to be blocked. Based on this, most of the current methods prevent the liquid metal from recoiling into the air intake pipe by installing a check valve between the air intake pipe and the downtube.

[0004] However, when the temperature of the liquid metal medium reaches 550°C, the non-return function of the check valve will fail, and if the check valve is used under high temperature and high pressure for a long time, the service life and function of the check valve cannot be guaranteed. Utility Model Content

[0005] (I) The problem to be solved by the utility model is: how to replace the check valve to prevent the liquid metal from backwashing into the intake pipe and causing the intake pipe to be blocked.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] The utility model provides an anti-recoil device, comprising a shell, wherein a first chamber and a second chamber are sequentially opened in the shell along the horizontal direction;

[0008] An air inlet pipe and a reflux hole are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the first chamber, and a floating ball is arranged in the first chamber;

[0009] The bottom of the second chamber is connected with a downward extending tube, and one end of the downward extending tube away from the second chamber is lower than the reflux hole;

[0010] A communication hole for connecting the first chamber and the second chamber is provided between the first chamber and the second chamber;

[0011] The heights of the air intake pipe, the connecting hole and the return hole decrease in sequence along the vertical direction.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the shell includes an upper cover and a lower cover, and the upper cover and the lower cover are sealed and connected via a sealing structure.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the utility model, the first chamber is a cylindrical chamber, the float is a round sphere, the top and bottom of the first chamber are respectively a first conical surface and a second conical surface, and the radii of the first conical surface and the second conical surface on one side close to the float are larger than the other side.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the radius of the cylindrical chamber is larger than the radius of the float, and the radii of the first conical surface and the second conical surface on a side away from the float are both smaller than the radius of the float.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the floating ball is a solid ball.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the floating ball is a hollow ball.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the sealing structure includes an annular protrusion provided on the lower cover and an annular groove provided on the upper cover, and the annular groove and the annular protrusion cooperate to seal the upper cover and the lower cover.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the ends of the upper cover and the lower cover close to each other are respectively installed with a first annular flange and a second annular flange;

[0019] The first annular flange and the second annular flange are fixedly connected by a plurality of sealing bolts.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the radius of the air inlet pipe and the radius of the return hole are both smaller than the radius of the float.

[0021] A material storage tank comprises any one of the anti-recoil devices described above, wherein one end of the down extension tube away from the second chamber extends into the liquid metal of the material storage tank.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0023] When the liquid metal recoils from the lower extension tube, the flow channel expands when it enters the second chamber, and the liquid metal is subjected to buffering damping. As the liquid metal level rises, it enters the first chamber through the connecting hole. Since the density of the liquid metal is greater than the density of the float, the float gradually rises, causing the liquid metal to flow back from the reflux hole. In extreme cases, the float floats to the top of the first chamber, blocking the pipe mouth of the nearest pipe, preventing the liquid metal from flowing back into the air intake pipe, and thus will not flow back into the air intake pipe, let alone solidify in the air intake pipe, which solves the blockage of the air intake pipe pipeline very well. Even if the temperature of the liquid metal medium reaches above 550°, it can still be used to replace the existing check valve. The anti-recoil device can be used under long-term high temperature and high pressure conditions, and its anti-recoil method is to achieve anti-recoil through the principle of floating of the float, so the service life and function can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an anti-recoil device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 A top view and a front view of the upper cover provided in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 A top view and a front view of the lower cover provided in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 The installation diagram of the upper cover and the lower cover provided in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the storage tank provided in Example 2 of the utility model.

[0030] Icons: 1. Inlet pipe; 2. Upper cover; 3. Sealing structure; 4. Second chamber; 5. Lower cover; 6. Lower extension pipe; 7. Connecting hole; 8. Sealing bolt; 9. First chamber; 10. Float; 11. Reflow hole; 12. First fixing plate; 13. Second fixing plate; 14. Base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0032] Embodiment 1: Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides an anti-recoil device, comprising: a housing, in which a first chamber 9 and a second chamber 4 are sequentially opened in the housing along the horizontal direction;

[0033] The first chamber 9 is provided with an air inlet pipe 1 and a reflux hole 11 at the upper and lower ends thereof, and a floating ball 10 is provided in the first chamber 9;

[0034] The bottom of the second chamber 4 is connected to a down-extending pipe 6, and one end of the down-extending pipe 6 away from the second chamber 4 is lower than the reflux hole 11;

[0035] A connecting hole 7 for connecting the first chamber 9 and the second chamber 4 is provided between the first chamber 9 and the second chamber 4;

[0036] The heights of the air intake pipe 1 , the connecting hole 7 and the return hole 11 decrease in sequence along the vertical direction.

[0037] Specifically, when the liquid metal recoils from the lower extension tube 6, the flow channel expands when it enters the second chamber 4, and the liquid metal is subjected to buffering damping. As the liquid metal level rises, it enters the first chamber 9 through the connecting hole 7. Since the density of the liquid metal is greater than the density of the float 10, the float 10 gradually rises, causing the liquid metal to flow back from the reflux hole 11. In extreme cases, the float 10 floats to the top of the first chamber 9, blocking the pipe opening of the air intake pipe 1, preventing the liquid metal from flowing back into the air intake pipe 1, and thus preventing it from flowing back into the air intake pipe 1, let alone solidifying into the air intake pipe 1. This solves the problem of pipeline blockage, and even if the temperature of the liquid metal medium reaches above 550°, it can still be used to replace the existing check valve. The anti-recoil device can be used under long-term high temperature and high pressure conditions, and its anti-recoil method is to achieve anti-recoil through the floating principle of the float 10, and its service life and function can be guaranteed.

[0038] When the liquid metal does not recoil into the first chamber 9, the float 10 can be used to block the reflux hole 11. When the liquid metal recoils into the first chamber 9 and is not in an extreme state, the float 10 floats in the first chamber 9, that is, it does not block the air inlet pipe 1 or the reflux hole 11, so that the liquid metal flows back from the reflux hole 11. When it is in an extreme state, the float 10 blocks the air inlet pipe 1 to prevent the liquid metal from flowing back into the air inlet pipe 1.

[0039] According to one embodiment of the utility model, Figure 1 As shown, the housing includes an upper cover 2 and a lower cover 5 , and the upper cover 2 and the lower cover 5 are sealed and connected via a sealing structure 3 .

[0040] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the upper cover 2 includes a first cover body, and the two cavities opened inside the first cover body are respectively the first chamber 9 and the two cavities in the upper half of the second chamber 4, and a first notch is opened at the edge of the cavity side wall shared by the two cavities, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the lower cover 5 includes a second cover body, and the two chambers opened inside the second cover body are respectively the first chamber 9 and the lower half of the second chamber 4. A second notch is opened at the edge of the cavity side wall shared by the two cavities. After the first cover body and the second cover body are closed, the first notch and the second notch form a connecting hole 7.

[0041] The shell is designed to be an upper cover 2 and a lower cover 5, so as to facilitate the inspection and repair of the inside of the shell and the replacement of the float 10.

[0042] The upper cover 2 and the lower cover 5 are both machined from non-standard parts.

[0043] The cross-sectional area of ​​the second chamber 4 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower extension tube 6, so that when the liquid metal enters the second chamber 4, the flow channel expands and acts as a buffer, thereby reducing the recoil speed (rising speed) of the liquid metal. The second chamber 4 is an arc-shaped chamber. The arc-shaped chamber design is easier to process because it has no edges and corners, and the arc-shaped design has no four corners, which is convenient for fluid flow. Of course, the second chamber 4 can also be designed to be larger than the first chamber 9. Furthermore, the second chamber 4 can also be a chamber of other shapes, such as a square chamber, an elliptical chamber, etc., and its purpose does not deviate from the design concept of the utility model, and therefore, it should fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0044] Of course, in the present invention, the housing can also be in other forms, such as an integrally formed housing, and by installing a tank cover on the top to place the float 10, it is also convenient to replace the float 10 or repair the equipment. Its purpose does not deviate from the design concept of the present invention, and therefore, it should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] According to one embodiment of the utility model, Figure 4 As shown, the first chamber 9 is a cylindrical chamber, the float 10 is a round sphere, the top and bottom of the first chamber 9 are the first conical surface and the second conical surface respectively, and the radius of the first conical surface and the second conical surface close to the float 10 is larger than the radius of the other side.

[0046] The radius of the cylindrical chamber is greater than the radius of the float 10 , and the radii of the first conical surface and the second conical surface on the side away from the float 10 are both smaller than the radius of the float 10 .

[0047] Specifically, the first chamber 9 adopts a cylindrical chamber, and its upper and lower ends are respectively designed as a first cone surface and a second cone surface, so that the float 10 can block the pipe opening of the air intake pipe 1 when floating to the top of the cylindrical chamber, or block the reflux hole 11 when falling to the bottom of the cylindrical chamber.

[0048] Since the gas enters from the air inlet pipe 1, when the pressure is stable, the gas is discharged from the lower extension pipe 6 extending into the molten metal liquid metal. At this time, under the action of its own gravity and the thrust of the gas, the float 10 blocks the reflux hole 11, which can prevent the gas from being discharged from the reflux hole 11. The design of the second cone surface makes it possible for the side wall of the second cone surface to limit the float 10 when the bottom of the float 10 blocks the reflux hole 11. Moreover, since the side surface of the float 10 contacts the side wall of the second cone surface, the sealing of the reflux hole 11 is further strengthened, making it more difficult for the gas to be discharged from the reflux hole 11.

[0049] When, under extreme conditions, the amount of liquid metal flowing out of the reflux hole 11 is far less than the amount that recoils from the lower extension tube 6 into the first chamber 9 (i.e., the liquid metal recoils too fast), the float 10 rises to the top of the first chamber 9 to block the air intake pipe 1. While the side wall of the first cone limits the float 10, the side wall of the first cone contacts the float 10 to form a secondary seal, which can better block the air intake pipe 1 and prevent the liquid metal from flowing back into the air intake pipe 1, causing it to solidify in the air intake pipe 1 and causing the air intake pipe 1 to be blocked.

[0050] Of course, in this embodiment, the first chamber 9 and the float 10 can also be in other shapes, such as a square column chamber, a T-shaped limit rod is integrally formed on the inner wall of the square column chamber, and the float 10 is a special-shaped float, which is formed by a rectangular block and a first arc block and a second arc block integrally formed at the upper and lower ends of the rectangular block, and a T-shaped groove adapted by the T-shaped limit rod is provided on the side of the rectangular block, and the length direction of the T-shaped limit rod is the same as the length direction from the air intake pipe 1 to the reflux hole 11. When the special-shaped float floats to the mouth of the air intake pipe 1, the first arc block blocks the mouth of the air intake pipe 1, and when the special-shaped float falls to the bottom of the first chamber 9, the second arc block can block the reflux hole 11. Therefore, its purpose does not deviate from the design concept of the utility model and should belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the float 10 is a solid ball.

[0052] The float 10 is a solid stainless steel ball. When the liquid metal is lead-bismuth or pure lead medium, since the density of lead-bismuth is much greater than that of stainless steel, the density of stainless steel can be made into a solid ball. When the solid stainless steel ball flows back into the first chamber 9, it can float in the first chamber 9, and the liquid metal can be discharged from the reflux hole 11.

[0053] Of course, in this embodiment, the float 10 can also be made into a semi-solid sphere, as long as its density is less than the density of the liquid metal, it can float when the liquid metal flows back into the first chamber 9. Its purpose does not deviate from the design concept of the utility model, and therefore, it should belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the float 10 is a hollow ball.

[0055] The float 10 can also be a stainless steel hollow ball. When the liquid metal is a medium such as sodium or lithium, its density is lower than that of stainless steel. Therefore, the float 10 can be made into a stainless steel hollow ball. It should be noted that when the support is used, the density of the float 10 must be 50%-70% of the density of the working fluid. Preferably, the density of the float 10 is 60% of the density of the working fluid.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the sealing structure 3 includes an annular protrusion provided on the lower cover 5 and an annular groove provided on the upper cover 2, and the annular groove and the annular protrusion cooperate to seal the upper cover 2 and the lower cover 5;

[0057] The upper cover 2 and the lower cover 5 are respectively provided with a first annular flange and a second annular flange at their ends close to each other;

[0058] The first annular flange and the second annular flange are fixedly connected by a plurality of sealing bolts 8 .

[0059] The upper cover 2 and the lower cover 5 are both machined from non-standard parts. The annular groove is integrally formed with the upper cover 2, and the lower cover 5 is integrally formed with the annular protrusion.

[0060] Install the first annular flange on the upper cover 2, install the second annular flange on the lower cover 5, embed the annular protrusion into the annular groove, buckle the upper cover 2 and the lower cover 5, and then pass through the first annular flange and the second annular flange in sequence through multiple sealing bolts 8, then put sealing gaskets on the sealing bolts 8, and finally screw the nuts onto the sealing bolts 8 to complete the fixing of the first annular flange and the second annular flange, and then complete the assembly of the upper cover 2 and the lower cover 5.

[0061] Of course, in this embodiment, multiple groups of annular protrusions and annular grooves can be provided to form a labyrinth seal structure, which can improve the sealing effect of the upper cover 2 and the lower cover 5. Its purpose does not deviate from the design concept of the utility model, and therefore, it should belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0062] According to an embodiment of the utility model, the radius of the air intake pipe 1 and the radius of the return hole 11 are both smaller than the radius of the float 10 .

[0063] Specifically, the radius of the air intake pipe 1 is smaller than the radius of the float 10. When the float 10 floats upward in the first chamber 9, it can block the pipe mouth of the air intake pipe 1 to prevent liquid metal from flowing back into the air intake pipe 1. The radius of the reflux hole 11 is smaller than the radius of the float 10, so that when the gas enters the first chamber 9, the float 10 can block the reflux hole 11 under its own gravity and thrust. It should be noted here that the gravity of the float 10 is greater than the gas thrust of the reflux hole 11 to prevent it from being blown up when the gas thrust acts unevenly.

[0064] Embodiment 2: Figure 5 As shown, a storage tank includes an anti-recoil device, wherein the end of the down-extending pipe 6 in the anti-recoil device away from the second chamber 4 extends into the liquid metal of the storage tank, and the air intake pipe 1 passes through the top of the storage tank and is connected to the air intake device.

[0065] The anti-recoil device is installed inside the storage tank. Before the sealing welding of the tank mouth, the first fixing plate 12 is fixed on both sides of the tank body and the shell, and the down-extending tube 6 and the tank body are fixed by the second fixing plate 13. It is necessary to ensure that the end of the down-extending tube 6 away from the second chamber 4 can extend into the liquid metal in the storage tank. At this time, the air intake pipe 1 passes through the top of the storage tank and is connected to the air intake device.

[0066] A plurality of bases 14 for supporting the storage tank are provided at the bottom of the storage tank.

[0067] Specifically, 1) when the circuit is operating normally and the pressure is stable, the low-pressure gas enters the first chamber 9 of the recoil device from the air inlet pipe 1, enters the second chamber 4 through the connecting hole 7, and then enters the down-extending pipe 6, and finally enters the storage tank. In this state, the float 10 will form a seal at the reflux hole 11 under the action of its own gravity and gas thrust.

[0068] 2) When the gas enters the storage tank body from the downward extension pipe 6, it will cause the metal liquid level in the storage tank body to fluctuate violently, and the metal liquid will rebound upward from the downward extension pipe 6.

[0069] 3) After the liquid metal recoils into the anti-recoil device, the liquid metal will be buffered due to the expansion of the flow channel, thereby reducing the recoil (rising) speed of the liquid metal. As the liquid metal level rises, it enters the first chamber 9 through the connecting hole 7. Since the density of the liquid metal is greater than that of the float 10, the float 10 gradually rises due to the inflow of liquid metal, and the liquid metal will also flow back from the reflux hole 11 to the storage tank.

[0070] 4) Under the extreme state (the fluid impact speed is too fast), the liquid metal fills the entire cavity of the anti-recoil device. At this time, the float 10 rises to the pipe opening of the gas pipe inlet pipe 1, forming a sealing surface with the pipe opening of the gas pipe 1 to prevent the liquid metal from flowing back into the gas pipe 1.

[0071] 5) When the gas pressure in the storage tank is stabilized, the recoiled liquid metal flows back into the storage tank body through the reflux hole 11 and the down extension pipe 6.

[0072] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the insides of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-recoil device, characterized in that: It comprises a shell, in which a first chamber (9) and a second chamber (4) are sequentially opened in the shell along the horizontal direction; An air inlet pipe (1) and a return hole (11) are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the first chamber (9), and a floating ball (10) is provided in the first chamber (9); The bottom of the second chamber (4) is connected to a downward extending tube (6), and one end of the downward extending tube (6) away from the second chamber (4) is lower than the reflux hole (11); A communication hole (7) for connecting the first chamber (9) and the second chamber (4) is provided between the first chamber (9) and the second chamber (4); The heights of the air intake pipe (1), the connecting hole (7) and the return hole (11) decrease in sequence along the vertical direction.

2. The anti-recoil device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell comprises an upper cover (2) and a lower cover (5), and the upper cover (2) and the lower cover (5) are sealed and connected via a sealing structure (3).

3. The anti-recoil device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first chamber (9) is a cylindrical chamber, the float (10) is a round sphere, the top and bottom of the first chamber (9) are respectively a first conical surface and a second conical surface, and the radii of the first conical surface and the second conical surface on one side close to the float (10) are larger than the other side.

4. The anti-recoil device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radius of the cylindrical chamber is greater than the radius of the float (10), and the radii of the first conical surface and the second conical surface on the side away from the float (10) are both smaller than the radius of the float (10).

5. The anti-recoil device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating ball (10) is a solid ball.

6. The anti-recoil device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating ball (10) is a hollow ball.

7. The anti-recoil device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing structure (3) comprises an annular protrusion provided on the lower cover (5) and an annular groove provided on the upper cover (2); the annular groove and the annular protrusion cooperate to seal the upper cover (2) and the lower cover (5).

8. An anti-recoil device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ends of the upper cover (2) and the lower cover (5) close to each other are respectively provided with a first annular flange and a second annular flange; The first annular flange and the second annular flange are fixedly connected via a plurality of sealing bolts (8).

9. The anti-recoil device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radius of the air intake pipe (1) and the radius of the return hole (11) are both smaller than the radius of the float (10).

10. A storage tank, characterized in that: An anti-recoil device comprising any one of claims 1 to 9; One end of the downward extension tube (6) away from the second chamber (4) extends into the liquid metal in the storage tank.

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