Mushroom bran decomposing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mushroom bran decomposing device. The mushroom bran decomposing device comprises a crusher and a decomposing tank arranged below the crusher, the crusher comprises a rack, and a driving assembly and a crushing assembly which are arranged on the rack; the driving assembly comprises a motor, a driving belt wheel, a driven belt wheel and a transmission belt; the crushing assembly comprises a plurality of crushing rotating shafts which are arranged on the horizontal plane in parallel at intervals, a driven belt wheel is fixed to each crushing rotating shaft, and the crushing rotating shafts can be driven to rotate through a transmission belt after the motor is started; a plurality of cutters are arranged on the crushing rotating shaft, a screen is arranged below the crushing rotating shaft and vertically corresponds to a feeding hole in the top of the decomposition tank, and rollers are arranged at the bottom of the decomposition tank; therefore, the crushed materials can be directly collected into the decomposition tank, when the materials in the decomposition tank reach the target volume, the decomposition tank is moved away, the empty decomposition tank is replaced for continuous material receiving, crushing and material crushing in the decomposition tank are synchronously performed, the labor cost is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer processing equipment, and in particular to a mushroom husk composting device capable of improving production efficiency. Background Art

[0002] Traditional organic fertilizers for tobacco fields include animal manure (cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure, etc.) and crop residues (corn stalks, rice straw, wheat straw, etc.). These organic fertilizers usually need to be fermented before use to improve the effectiveness of their nutrients and reduce negative impacts on the environment. In tobacco cultivation, organic fertilizers are widely used to improve soil structure and promote crop growth.

[0003] Mushroom sticks are an organic material with mushroom husk as the main raw material. After being crushed, they can be used to improve soil and promote crop growth. Therefore, they can be used as organic fertilizer in tobacco fields. To use mushroom husk to replace organic fertilizer, the mushroom sticks need to be crushed and fermented before use. In the traditional production process, after the mushroom sticks are crushed by a crusher, the mushroom husk discharged from the crusher outlet needs to be piled up and covered with plastic film for fermentation.

[0004] It can be seen that in the current production process, the crushed materials need to be piled up before they can be covered with a film for fermentation, and the efficiency of the fermentation process is low. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a new technical solution to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present application provides a mushroom bran composting device to solve the problem of low efficiency in the current mushroom bran composting processing.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present application provides a mushroom bran composting device, comprising a crusher and a composting tank arranged below the crusher; the crusher comprises a frame and a driving assembly and a crushing assembly arranged on the frame; the driving assembly comprises a motor, a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a transmission belt, the driving pulley is installed on the output shaft of the motor, a plurality of belt mounting grooves are arranged on the driving pulley, the driving pulley is connected to the driven pulley through a transmission belt, a transmission belt is arranged in each belt mounting groove, and the transmission belt corresponds to the driven pulley one by one; the crushing assembly comprises a plurality of crushing shafts arranged in parallel and at intervals on a horizontal plane, a driven pulley is fixed on each crushing shaft, and both ends of the crushing shaft are respectively connected to the frame for rotation; a plurality of cutting knives are arranged on the crushing shaft, a screen is arranged below the crushing shaft, the screen corresponds to the feeding port at the top of the composting tank up and down, and a roller is arranged at the bottom of the composting tank.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a movable passage allowing entry and exit of the composting tank is formed under the frame; the composting tank includes a tank body, a cavity for accommodating composted mushroom bran is formed in the tank body, a feed port corresponding to the cavity is formed on the top of the tank body, and a plastic flat plate and a PVC film are laid on the inner wall of the cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the belt mounting groove is a circle of grooves arranged along the radial direction of the driving pulley. Four belt mounting grooves are arranged on the driving pulley. The four belt mounting grooves are arranged adjacent to each other at intervals. One belt mounting groove is connected to a driven pulley through a transmission belt, and the four driven pulleys are staggered.

[0010] Furthermore, a feed port of the grinder is formed above the crushing shaft, and the mushroom sticks to be crushed enter the grinder from the feed port; a discharge port is formed below the crushing shaft, and a screen is installed at the discharge port. When the cutting knife is vertically facing downward, the distance between the screen and the end of the cutting knife is in the range of 1-2 cm.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of cutting knives are fixed on the pulverizing shaft, and the cutting knives are in the shape of a long strip, a cross, or a cross.

[0012] Furthermore, the cutting blade is perpendicular to the pulverizing shaft, or the cutting blade is inclined on the pulverizing shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the cutting knives of two adjacent crushing shafts are staggered.

[0014] Furthermore, an organic matter addition port is provided at the top of the composting tank.

[0015] Furthermore, a stirring mechanism is provided in the composting tank, and the stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor and a stirring paddle connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Based on further analysis and research on the existing technical problems, the present application recognizes that in the traditional mushroom stick processing, crushing and stacking are carried out successively, and the piles are covered with a film for fermentation, resulting in low processing efficiency. For this reason, the present application provides a mushroom bran composting device, by arranging a movable composting tank at the bottom of the grinder, so that the crushed material is directly collected into the composting tank. When the material in the composting tank reaches the target volume, the composting tank is removed and replaced with an empty composting tank to continue receiving the material. Therefore, the present application continuously crushes the mushroom sticks by a grinder, and the crushed materials fall directly into the composting tank. The crushing and stacking are carried out simultaneously, which reduces labor costs and improves processing efficiency.

[0018] 2. A cavity for accommodating fermentation bran is formed in the body of the composting tank in the present application, and a plastic plate and a PVC film are laid on the inner wall of the cavity. The plastic plate can play a role of heat preservation and support, and the PVC film can wrap the crushed material for fermentation. That is, the setting of the composting tank in the present application directly eliminates the process of piling the crushed materials and covering the piles with a film, thereby improving processing efficiency and saving labor costs.

[0019] 3. The mushroom bran composting device provided in the present application drives a driving pulley through a motor, and links the driving pulley with a driven pulley through a transmission belt. The driven pulley is fixed on the crushing shaft, and a cutting knife is arranged on the crushing shaft. Therefore, after the motor is started, the crushing shaft can be driven to rotate through the driving pulley, the transmission belt and the driven pulley. During the rotation of the crushing shaft, the mushroom sticks are crushed by the cutting knife thereon, thereby realizing automatic crushing.

[0020] 4. The driving pulley in the present application is provided with a plurality of belt mounting grooves, a transmission belt is provided in each belt mounting groove, a belt mounting groove is connected to a driven pulley through a transmission belt, each driven pulley is fixed on a crushing shaft, and a plurality of crushing shafts are arranged in parallel and spaced apart on a horizontal plane. Therefore, a plurality of driven pulleys can be staggeredly distributed as long as the installation position of the crushing shaft can be guaranteed. Therefore, the present application can realize the rotational drive of a plurality of crushing shafts by driving a plurality of transmission belts and driven pulleys through a motor.

[0021] 5. In the present application, a screen is arranged below the crushing shaft. When the cutter is vertically downward, the spacing between the screen and the end of the cutter is in the range of 1-2 cm. The present application sets the spacing of the screen so that the large-particle material is broken back and forth by the cutter on the screen until it is broken into small-particle material that can pass through the mesh of the screen. Therefore, the present application achieves uniform particle size of the mature material through the setting of the screen.

[0022] 6. In the present application, an organic matter addition port is also provided at the top of the composting tank, that is, in the process of the mushroom bran fragments falling into the composting tank, organic matter beneficial to the fermentation can be added to the composting tank through the organic matter addition port, and then the composted mushroom bran can be wrapped with a PVC film and fermented. Therefore, the mushroom bran composting device provided in the present application has a simple structure, meets the actual processing needs, simplifies the operation process, and improves the processing efficiency.

[0023] 7. In the present application, a stirring mechanism may also be provided in the composting tank. The stirring mechanism may include a stirring motor and a stirring paddle connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor. After adding organic matter that is beneficial to fermentation, the stirring mechanism may be started to fully and evenly stir the mushroom bran fragments and the organic matter in the composting tank, which is beneficial to the later fermentation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. It should be understood that the specific shapes and structures shown in the drawings should not usually be regarded as limiting conditions for implementing the present application; for example, based on the technical concepts and exemplary drawings disclosed in the present application, those skilled in the art are able to easily make routine adjustments or further optimizations to the increase / decrease / attribution division, specific shapes, positional relationships, connection methods, and dimensional ratios of certain units (components).

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mushroom husk composting device provided by the present application in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assembly and a crushing assembly of a crusher in a mushroom bran composting device provided in the present application in an embodiment.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1. Crusher; 2. Frame; 3. Feed port; 4. Discharge port; 5. Motor; 6. Driving pulley; 7. Driven pulley; 8. Transmission belt; 9. Crushing shaft; 10. Cutting knife; 11. Screen; 12. Composting tank; 13. Roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present application is further described below in detail through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the description of this application: unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more. The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in this application are intended to distinguish the objects referred to, and do not have special meanings in terms of technical connotations (for example, they should not be understood as emphasizing the importance or order, etc.). Expressions such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. also mean "not limited to" (certain units, components, materials, steps, etc.).

[0031] The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. used in this application are usually used to facilitate intuitive understanding by comparing with the accompanying drawings, and are not absolute limitations on the positional relationship in the actual product. Without departing from the technical concept disclosed in this application, changes in these relative positional relationships should also be regarded as the scope of this application.

[0032] In flue-cured tobacco production, the use of mushroom husks to replace organic fertilizer requires the mushroom sticks to be crushed and fermented before use. The small-scale processing method is to crush the mushroom sticks manually, but this method has the following defects: First, the crushed mushroom husks are uneven, the fermentation quality is not high, the labor intensity is increased, the labor is wasted, and the labor efficiency is reduced; second, the manual crushing of mushroom sticks requires repeated knocking of the mushroom sticks, and the operation is frequent; third, the texture of the mushroom sticks is hard after drying, and it is difficult to crush them manually, which increases safety hazards; fourth, the crushed mushroom husks need to be piled up and covered with plastic film during fermentation, which increases the cost of materials. In order to reduce the intensity of manual labor, the staff used a crusher to crush, but it still has the following problems: the crushed materials need to be piled up before they can be covered with a film for fermentation, and the efficiency of the mushroom husk decomposition production process is low.

[0033] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a device for composting chaff, which can save labor, reduce labor intensity, reduce safety hazards, improve processing efficiency, and reduce production costs. The device for composting chaff provided by the present application is not only suitable for large-scale production and processing of organic fertilizer, but also can be used for small-scale self-use after reducing the structural volume.

[0034] See also Figure 1 A mushroom bran composting device provided in the present application mainly includes a grinder 1 and a composting tank 12 arranged below the grinder 1. A feed port 3 is formed at the top of the grinder 1, and a discharge port 4 is formed at the bottom. The composting tank 12 is arranged below the grinder 1, so that the crushed materials can be directly fed into the composting tank 12, eliminating the work of stacking and saving labor. Moreover, the crushed materials and the composting tank 12 are stacked simultaneously, which improves the processing efficiency.

[0035] In this embodiment, the pulverizer 1 mainly includes a frame 2 and a driving assembly and a pulverizing assembly arranged on the frame 2; Figure 2 The driving assembly includes a motor 5, a driving pulley 6, a driven pulley 7 and a transmission belt 8. The driving pulley 6 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 5. A plurality of belt mounting grooves are arranged on the driving pulley 6. The driving pulley 6 is connected to the driven pulley 7 through the transmission belt 8. A transmission belt 8 is arranged in each belt mounting groove, and the transmission belt 8 corresponds to the driven pulley 7 one by one; the crushing assembly includes a plurality of crushing shafts 9 arranged in parallel and at intervals on a horizontal plane, each crushing shaft 9 is fixed with a driven pulley 7, and both ends of the crushing shaft 9 are rotatably connected to the frame 2 through bearings; a plurality of cutting knives 10 are arranged on the crushing shaft 9, and a screen 11 is arranged below the crushing shaft 9, and the screen 11 corresponds to the feeding port at the top of the composting tank 12 up and down, and a roller 13 is arranged at the bottom of the composting tank 12.

[0036] Therefore, the mushroom bran composting device provided in the present application drives the driving pulley 6 through the motor 5, and links the driving pulley 6 with the driven pulley 7 through the transmission belt 8. The driven pulley 7 is fixed on the crushing shaft 9, and a cutting knife 10 is arranged on the crushing shaft 9. Therefore, after the motor 5 is started, the crushing shaft 9 can be driven to rotate by the driving pulley 6, the transmission belt 8 and the driven pulley 7. During the rotation of the crushing shaft 9, the mushroom sticks are crushed by the cutting knife 10 thereon, and the crushed materials are directly collected from the discharge port 4 below the crusher 1 to the composting tank 12. When the material in the composting tank 12 reaches the target volume, the composting tank 12 can be removed and replaced with an empty composting tank 12 to continue to receive the material. Therefore, the present application continuously crushes the mushroom sticks through the crusher 1, and the crushed materials fall directly into the composting tank 12. The crushing and stacking are carried out simultaneously, which reduces labor costs and improves processing efficiency.

[0037] In this embodiment, a moving passage is formed under the frame 2 of the crusher 1 to allow the composting tank 12 to enter and exit. Rollers 13 are set at the bottom of the composting tank 12. The composting tank 12 can be moved manually or by traction machinery.

[0038] In the present embodiment, a cavity for accommodating fermented bran is formed in the body of the composting tank 12, and a feed port connected to the cavity is formed on the top of the tank body. A plastic flat plate and a PVC film are laid on the inner wall of the cavity. The plastic flat plate can play a role in heat preservation and support, and the PVC film can wrap the crushed material for fermentation. That is, the setting of the composting tank 12 of the present application directly eliminates the process of piling the crushed materials and covering them with a film, thereby improving processing efficiency and saving labor costs. Of course, the PVC film can also be replaced by a plastic film of other materials, such as a PE film.

[0039] In this embodiment, a plurality of belt mounting grooves are provided on the driving pulley 6, and the belt mounting groove is a circle of grooves provided along the radial direction of the driving pulley 6, and the shape of the groove is adapted to the cross section of the transmission belt 8. In a preferred embodiment, four belt mounting grooves are provided on the driving pulley 6, and the four belt mounting grooves are arranged adjacently and spaced apart, and one belt mounting groove is connected to one driven pulley 7 through one transmission belt 8, and the four driven pulleys 7 are distributed in a staggered manner. Of course, this is only an example of the present application, and in specific processing and manufacturing, the number of belt mounting grooves on the driving pulley 6 can be customized according to the user's use requirements.

[0040] In this embodiment, a feed port 3 is formed on the frame 2 of the pulverizer 1, and the feed port 3 is arranged above the pulverizing shaft 9, and the mushroom sticks to be pulverized enter the pulverizer 1 from the feed port 3; a discharge port 4 is formed on the frame 2 of the pulverizer 1, and the discharge port 4 is arranged below the pulverizing shaft 9, and a screen 11 is installed at the discharge port 4. When the cutter 10 is vertically downward, the distance between the screen 11 and the end of the cutter 10 is in the range of 1-2 cm. The present application sets the distance between the screen 11 so that the large-sized material is broken back and forth by the cutter 10 on the screen 11 until it is broken into small-sized material that can pass through the mesh of the screen 11. Therefore, the present application achieves uniform particle size of the mature material through the setting of the screen 11.

[0041] In other embodiments, the screen 11 may be movably arranged at the discharge port 4, and a vibration device may be provided to drive the screen 11 to vibrate, so as to assist in material discharge.

[0042] In this embodiment, a plurality of cutting knives 10 are fixed on the crushing shaft 9. The cutting knives 10 are in the shape of a long strip, a cross or a cross. In this application, the shape of the cutting knives 10 can be arbitrary as long as they can perform the cutting function. The size specifications of the cutting knives 10 can be customized according to usage requirements.

[0043] The cutting knife 10 in the present application can be perpendicular to the crushing shaft 9, or the cutting knife 10 can be tilted on the crushing shaft 9, as long as it can achieve a good cutting effect and meet the use requirements. The size specifications of the crushing shaft 9 can be customized according to the use requirements.

[0044] In this embodiment, the cutting blades 10 of two adjacent crushing shafts 9 can be staggered, and the tip of the cutting blade 10 on one crushing shaft 9 keeps a certain distance from the other crushing shaft 9. The distance can play a certain screening role. The material crushed to meet the distance will fall onto the screen 11. If it can pass through the sieve holes on the screen 11, it will fall into the composting pool 12. If it cannot pass through the sieve holes on the screen 11, it will be further crushed by the cutting blade 10 on the screen 11.

[0045] In the present embodiment, an organic matter addition port is further provided at the top of the composting tank 12, that is, in the process of the mushroom bran fragments falling into the composting tank 12, organic matter beneficial to the fermentation can be added to the composting tank 12 through the organic matter addition port, and then the composted mushroom bran can be wrapped with a PVC film for fermentation. Therefore, the mushroom bran composting device provided in the present application has a simple structure, meets the actual processing needs, simplifies the operation process, and improves the processing efficiency.

[0046] In this embodiment, a stirring mechanism can be selectively provided in the composting tank 12. The stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor 5 and a stirring paddle connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor 5. After adding organic matter that is beneficial to fermentation, the stirring mechanism can be started to fully and evenly stir the mushroom bran fragments and the organic matter in the composting tank 12, which is beneficial to the later fermentation.

[0047] When the mushroom chaff composting device provided in the present application is specifically manufactured, a motor with a power of 11KW and a speed of 3750 rpm can be selected, a knob switch of LA38-11X2 can be configured, and a transmission belt of model B2500 can be selected; the frame adopts a triangular iron frame, which is welded by 2 2m long and 4 0.5m high 5#50*50*4.5mm triangular irons to carry the crusher and the motor, and the feed port of the crusher is made of stainless steel, and the size of the rectangular feed port is 0.5m*0.4m*0.2m; the discharge port of the crusher adopts a circular shape with a diameter of 0.3m The outlet is connected to the bottom of the grinder, and a PC tube can be set at the end of the outlet to connect the grinder outlet with the inlet on the composting tank through the PC tube; the composting tank can be welded by 20 steel bars with a length of 5 meters and a diameter of 12 mm, and welded into a frame with an opening on the top (frame size 4m*4m*0.5m), and then a PVC film with a size of 5m*5m and a thickness of 1mm and a plastic flat plate with a size of 4m*4m are laid in the frame. An addition port for adding other organic matter that is conducive to fermentation can be reserved above the composting tank, and rollers can be set at the bottom of the composting tank to make the composting tank movable as a whole.

[0048] The use of the mushroom bran composting device provided in the present application can simplify the crushing and composting operations and reduce repetitive labor. It is calculated that 1-1.5 workers can be saved per cubic meter. It can also improve the composting quality and the uniformity of composting. It is expected that the fermented mushroom bran compost can replace the organic fertilizer used in tobacco fields and save 20 kilograms of soybeans per mu.

[0049] In summary, the present application sets a movable composting tank at the bottom of the grinder, so that the crushed material is directly collected into the composting tank. When the material in the composting tank reaches the target volume, the composting tank is removed and replaced with an empty composting tank to continue receiving the material. Therefore, the present application continuously crushes the mushroom sticks through the grinder, and the crushed materials fall directly into the composting tank. The crushing and stacking are carried out simultaneously, which reduces labor costs and improves processing efficiency.

[0050] The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined (as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features). To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described; these embodiments that are not explicitly written should also be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0051] The above is a relatively specific and detailed description of the present application through general description and specific embodiments. It should be understood that, based on the technical concept of the present application, several conventional adjustments or further innovations can be made to these specific embodiments; however, as long as they do not deviate from the technical concept of the present application, the technical solutions obtained by these conventional adjustments or further innovations also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for composting mushroom husks, characterized in that: It includes a crusher and a composting tank arranged below the crusher; The pulverizer comprises a frame and a driving assembly and a pulverizing assembly arranged on the frame, wherein the driving assembly comprises a motor, a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a transmission belt, wherein the driving pulley is mounted on the output shaft of the motor, and a plurality of belt mounting grooves are arranged on the driving pulley, wherein the driving pulley is connected to the driven pulley through the transmission belt, and a transmission belt is arranged in each of the belt mounting grooves, and the transmission belt corresponds to the driven pulley one by one; The pulverizing assembly comprises a plurality of pulverizing shafts arranged in parallel and at intervals on a horizontal plane, each of the pulverizing shafts being fixed with a driven pulley, and both ends of the pulverizing shafts being rotatably connected to the frame respectively; A plurality of cutting knives are arranged on the crushing shaft, a screen is arranged below the crushing shaft, the screen corresponds to the feed opening at the top of the composting tank up and down, and a roller is arranged at the bottom of the composting tank.

2. The mushroom husk decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable passage allowing entry and exit of the composting tank is formed below the frame; the composting tank includes a tank body, a cavity for accommodating composted mushroom bran is formed in the tank body, a feed port corresponding to the cavity is formed on the top of the tank body, and a plastic flat plate and a PVC film are laid on the inner wall of the cavity.

3. The mushroom husk decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The belt mounting groove is a circle of grooves arranged along the radial direction of the driving pulley. Four belt mounting grooves are arranged on the driving pulley. The four belt mounting grooves are arranged adjacent to each other at intervals. One belt mounting groove is connected to one driven pulley through one transmission belt, and the four driven pulleys are staggered.

4. The mushroom husk decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed port of the grinder is formed above the grinding shaft, and the mushroom sticks to be crushed enter the grinder from the feed port; a discharge port is formed below the grinding shaft, and the screen is installed at the discharge port. When the cutting knife is vertically downward, the distance between the screen and the end of the cutting knife is in the range of 1-2 cm.

5. The mushroom husk decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of cutting knives are fixed on the pulverizing shaft, and the cutting knives are in the shape of a long strip, a cross, or a cross.

6. The mushroom husk decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting blade is perpendicular to the pulverizing shaft, or the cutting blade is arranged obliquely on the pulverizing shaft.

7. The device for ripening mushroom husks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting blades of two adjacent crushing shafts are staggered.

8. The mushroom husk decomposition device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An organic matter addition port is arranged on the top of the composting tank.

9. The device for ripening mushroom husks according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stirring mechanism is arranged in the composting tank, and the stirring mechanism comprises a stirring motor and a stirring paddle connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor.

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