Multi-stage hydraulic impactor
By designing a multi-stage piston mechanism in the hydraulic impactor, the problem of poor shock absorption and anti-hopping effect of single-stage hydraulic impactor under large vibration or impact is solved, and more stable drilling pressure and better impactor operation performance are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421650858.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-12
AI Technical Summary
The existing single-stage hydraulic shocks have limited shock absorption and anti-hopping effects under large vibration or impact, and the stability of applying drilling pressure is easily affected by vibration or impact.
A multi-stage hydraulic impactor is designed to provide stable drilling pressure by providing at least two sets of piston mechanisms in the cylinder, and a multi-stage piston design provides a stable drilling pressure, and reduces impact and vibration by designing multiple-stage pistons.
It achieves better shock absorption and anti-hopping effect and drilling pressure stability under vibration or impact conditions, reduces wear and fatigue of each component of the impactor, extends service life, and improves the operating stability and working smoothness of the impactor.
Smart Images
Figure CN222823172U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of impactors, in particular to a multi-stage hydraulic impactor. Background Art
[0002] The hydraulic impactor is an energy conversion device used in oil drilling and well repair operations. It changes the traditional operation mode of applying drilling pressure by the weight of the lower drill collar in drilling operations. It effectively changes the stress state of the lower drill bit, plays the role of shock absorption and anti-jumping, flexible drilling, improving the working conditions of the drill bit and drill bit, reducing the support pressure, speeding up the drilling speed, reducing downhole accidents, and ensuring the quality of the wellbore. It is a practical technology and device in oil drilling with low investment, obvious effect and easy operation.
[0003] Most of the existing hydraulic impactors are single-stage hydraulic impactors, that is, single-stage retractable in oil drilling and well repair operations, which can basically meet the needs of applying drilling pressure and shock absorption and anti-jumping, but the shock absorption and anti-jumping under large vibration or impact are limited, and the stability of applying drilling pressure is easily affected by vibration or impact. Based on this, the utility model proposes a multi-stage hydraulic impactor. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a multi-stage hydraulic impactor for improving the shock absorption and anti-jumping effect and the stability of applying drilling pressure.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a multi-stage hydraulic impactor comprises an upper joint, a core shaft and a lower joint, wherein the upper joint is coaxially fixedly connected with the core shaft, and the lower joint is slidably connected with the core shaft;
[0006] A cylinder body is arranged between the upper joint and the lower joint, and at least two groups of piston mechanisms are arranged in the cylinder body. The piston mechanism includes a piston cavity arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body and a piston slidably connected to the piston cavity. A hydraulic cavity is arranged between the piston and the upper joint and between the piston and the previous piston. A first hydraulic hole is opened on the side wall of the core shaft corresponding to the hydraulic cavity, and an exhaust hole is opened on the end of the piston cavity away from the hydraulic cavity. The piston extends into the hydraulic cavity and contacts with the next piston. A second hydraulic hole is opened on the side wall of the piston extending into the hydraulic cavity; the piston close to the lower joint is fixedly connected to the lower joint.
[0007] The technical principles of the above scheme are as follows:
[0008] During the drilling process, the drill bit is connected and torque is transmitted through the upper joint, lower joint, cylinder body and core shaft, and the core shaft is used to circulate the drilling fluid. Since the water hole of the drill bit is small, the pressure inside the core shaft is greater than the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber. Therefore, the pressure difference pushes the multi-stage piston downward, causing the lower joint to extend. The thrust between the pistons is superimposed to provide drilling pressure for the drill bit.
[0009] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:
[0010] 1. This solution provides a stable drilling pressure for the drill bit by superimposing the thrusts generated by multiple groups of pistons under pressure difference, and forms a flexible drilling pressure. When the hydraulic parameters remain unchanged, the drilling pressure provided remains stable and has good buffering and shock absorbing performance.
[0011] 2. In this solution, the multi-stage piston design can effectively balance and disperse the applied pressure; to reduce or eliminate the impact and vibration caused by a single piston, thereby improving the operating stability and smoothness of the impactor.
[0012] 3. In this solution, the multi-stage piston design can reduce the wear and fatigue of the impactor components and extend the service life of the impactor.
[0013] Furthermore, the cylinder body comprises an upper cylinder sleeve, a middle cylinder sleeve and a lower cylinder sleeve, which are coaxially fixedly connected in sequence, an upper joint is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder sleeve, and a lower joint is slidably connected to the lower cylinder sleeve.
[0014] Beneficial effect: The multi-stage cylinder sleeve structure is convenient for the later maintenance of the impactor.
[0015] Furthermore, three groups of piston mechanisms are arranged in the cylinder body, and the piston chambers are respectively opened on the inner side walls of the upper cylinder sleeve, the middle cylinder sleeve and the lower cylinder sleeve. The piston chamber in the lower cylinder sleeve is a first-stage piston, the piston chamber in the middle cylinder sleeve is a second-stage piston, and the piston chamber in the upper cylinder sleeve is a third-stage piston. Limiting vertical grooves are opened in the piston chambers, and limiting convex strips are set on the side walls of the first-stage piston, the second-stage piston and the third-stage piston, and the limiting convex strips are slidably connected to the corresponding limiting vertical grooves.
[0016] Beneficial effects: each level of piston is independently located in its own cylinder sleeve, which is convenient for the later maintenance of the impactor; the stability of each level of piston during operation is improved through the sliding connection between the limiting convex strip and the limiting vertical groove.
[0017] Furthermore, a connecting sleeve is arranged between the first-stage piston and the lower joint, and the two ends of the connecting sleeve are fixedly connected to the first-stage piston and the lower joint respectively, and a first sealing groove is opened on the inner side wall of the lower cylinder sleeve corresponding to the connecting sleeve, and a first sealing ring is arranged in the first sealing groove.
[0018] Beneficial effect: The connection sleeve is connected with the three-stage piston and the lower joint, which facilitates the later maintenance of the lower joint. At the same time, the sealing of the impactor is ensured by the first sealing ring.
[0019] Furthermore, a support sleeve is fixedly connected in the hydraulic cavity between the third-stage piston and the upper joint, the support sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the core shaft, and the support sleeve is provided with a plurality of hydraulic through holes around its axis.
[0020] Beneficial effect: The support sleeve improves the stability of the core shaft, and the hydraulic through hole evenly disperses the liquid pressure to the three-stage piston.
[0021] Furthermore, each piston cavity is provided with a limiting flange at one end away from the hydraulic cavity, and each piston cavity is provided with a limiting ring at one end close to the hydraulic cavity.
[0022] Beneficial effect: The piston strokes of each stage are limited by the limiting flange and the limiting ring.
[0023] Furthermore, a second sealing groove is formed on the outer side wall of the limiting ring, and a second sealing ring is arranged in the second sealing groove.
[0024] Furthermore, a third sealing groove is provided on the inner side wall of the piston located on one side of the piston cavity, and a third sealing ring is provided in the third sealing groove.
[0025] Furthermore, a fourth sealing groove is provided on the outer side wall of one end of the piston extending into the hydraulic cavity, and a fourth sealing ring is provided in the fourth sealing groove.
[0026] Beneficial effect: The internal sealing of the impactor is improved by the second sealing ring, the third sealing ring and the fourth sealing ring.
[0027] Furthermore, the first hydraulic hole is a circular hole, the second hydraulic hole is an oblong hole, and the first hydraulic hole and the second hydraulic hole are evenly distributed around the axis of the core shaft.
[0028] The beneficial effect ensures that the drilling fluid can smoothly pass through the first hydraulic hole and the second hydraulic hole into the hydraulic cavity after the operation of each level of pistons.
[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the multi-stage hydraulic impactor of the utility model;
[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram;
[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 B is a partial enlarged schematic diagram;
[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of C.
[0034] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 10, upper joint; 20, lower joint; 201, upper cylinder sleeve; 202, middle cylinder sleeve; 203, lower cylinder sleeve; 301, third-stage piston; 302, second-stage piston; 303, first-stage piston; 40, exhaust hole; 501, first hydraulic hole; 502, hydraulic through hole; 503, second hydraulic hole; 601, second sealing ring; 602, third sealing ring; 603, fourth sealing ring; 604, first sealing ring; 701, hydraulic chamber; 702, piston chamber; 801, support sleeve; 802, connecting sleeve; 90, core shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The technical solution of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0038] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:
[0039] Implementation example Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown: a multi-stage hydraulic impactor includes an upper joint 10, a core shaft 90 and a lower joint 20. The upper joint 10 is coaxially fixedly connected to the core shaft 90, and the lower joint 20 is slidably connected to the core shaft 90. In order to ensure the sealing between the lower joint 20 and the core shaft 90, a sealing ring can be arranged between the two.
[0040] A cylinder body is provided between the upper joint 10 and the lower joint 20, and at least two groups of piston mechanisms are provided in the cylinder body. The cylinder body of this embodiment is composed of an upper cylinder sleeve 201, a middle cylinder sleeve 202 and a lower cylinder sleeve 203, and the upper cylinder sleeve 201, the middle cylinder sleeve 202 and the lower cylinder sleeve 203 are coaxially fixedly connected in sequence, the upper joint 10 is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder sleeve 201, and the lower joint 20 is slidably connected to the lower cylinder sleeve 203. Similarly, in order to ensure the sealing between the lower joint 20 and the lower cylinder sleeve 203, a sealing ring can be provided between the two.
[0041] Corresponding to the upper cylinder sleeve 201, the middle cylinder sleeve 202 and the lower cylinder sleeve 203, three groups of piston mechanisms are provided in this embodiment. The piston mechanism includes a piston cavity 702 provided on the side wall of the cylinder body (the upper cylinder sleeve 201, the middle cylinder sleeve 202 and the lower cylinder sleeve 203) and a piston (a primary piston 303, a secondary piston 302 and a tertiary piston 301) slidably connected in the piston cavity 702. The piston cavity 702 in the cylinder sleeve is a primary piston 303, the piston cavity 702 in the middle cylinder sleeve 202 is a secondary piston 302, and the piston cavity 702 in the upper cylinder sleeve 201 is a tertiary piston 301. The cylinder body structure adopting this type of segmented design can be independently maintained in the later stage when the corresponding cylinder sleeve or piston is abnormal, ensuring the convenience of later maintenance.
[0042] In order to ensure the stability of each level of pistons during operation, a limit vertical groove is provided in the piston cavity 702, and the side walls of the first-stage piston 303, the second-stage piston 302 and the third-stage piston 301 are provided with limit convex strips, which are slidably connected to the corresponding limit vertical grooves. The limit of the limit convex strips and the limit vertical grooves ensures the stable sliding of each level of pistons during operation.
[0043] A hydraulic chamber 701 is provided between the piston and the upper joint 10 and between the piston and the previous piston. Specifically, a hydraulic chamber 701 is provided between the third-stage piston 301 and the upper joint 10, between the third-stage piston 301 and the second-stage piston 302, and between the second-stage piston 302 and the first-stage piston 303. The side wall of the mandrel 90 corresponding to the hydraulic chamber 701 is provided with a first hydraulic hole 501, and the piston chamber 702 is provided with an exhaust hole 40 at one end away from the hydraulic chamber 701. The piston extends into the hydraulic chamber 701 and contacts the next piston. The side wall of the piston extending into the hydraulic chamber 701 is provided with a second hydraulic hole 503. In order to ensure that the drilling fluid enters the hydraulic chamber 701 smoothly, the first hydraulic hole 501 of this embodiment is a circular hole, and the second hydraulic hole 503 is an oblong hole, and the first hydraulic hole 501 and the second hydraulic hole 503 are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the mandrel 90. In addition, the piston close to the lower joint 20 is fixedly connected to the lower joint 20 , which corresponds to the first-stage piston 303 fixedly connected to the lower joint 20 via the connecting sleeve 802 in this embodiment.
[0044] A support sleeve 801 is fixedly connected in the hydraulic cavity 701 between the third-stage piston 301 and the upper joint 10. The support sleeve 801 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the core shaft 90. The support sleeve 801 is provided with a plurality of hydraulic through holes 502 around its axis. In addition, in order to limit the stroke of each stage of the piston, a limiting flange is provided at one end of each piston cavity 702 away from the hydraulic cavity 701, and a limiting ring is provided at one end of the piston close to the hydraulic cavity 701.
[0045] Finally, to ensure the internal sealing of the impactor of this embodiment, a first sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the lower cylinder sleeve 203 corresponding to the connecting sleeve 802, and a first sealing ring 604 is arranged in the first sealing groove. A second sealing groove is provided on the outer wall of the limiting ring, and a second sealing ring 601 is arranged in the second sealing groove. A third sealing groove is provided on the inner wall of the piston located on one side of the piston cavity 702, and a third sealing ring 602 is arranged in the third sealing groove. A fourth sealing groove is provided on the outer wall of one end of the piston extending into the hydraulic cavity 701, and a fourth sealing ring 603 is arranged in the fourth sealing groove. Thus, each piston cavity 702 and hydraulic cavity 701 inside the impactor are sealed relative to the outside world.
[0046] The specific implementation process is as follows:
[0047] The upper joint 10 is connected to the drill collar, and the lower joint 20 is connected to the drill bit. The drilling fluid enters the mandrel 90 through the drill collar. Since the drill bit water hole is small, the internal pressure of the mandrel 90 is greater than the internal pressure of the hydraulic chamber 701, so that the drilling fluid enters the hydraulic chamber 701 and the piston chamber 702 through the first hydraulic hole 501 and the second hydraulic hole 503, pushing the first-stage piston 303, the second-stage piston 302 and the third-stage piston 301 downward. The thrust between the pistons is superimposed to provide drilling pressure for the drill bit. The multi-stage piston structure reduces or eliminates the impact and vibration during the drilling process.
[0048] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention of the utility model.
Claims
1. Multi-stage hydraulic impactor, characterized in that: It includes an upper joint, a core shaft and a lower joint, wherein the upper joint is coaxially fixedly connected with the core shaft, and the lower joint is slidably connected with the core shaft; A cylinder body is arranged between the upper joint and the lower joint, and at least two groups of piston mechanisms are arranged in the cylinder body. The piston mechanism includes a piston cavity arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body and a piston slidably connected to the piston cavity. A hydraulic cavity is arranged between the piston and the upper joint and between the piston and the previous piston. A first hydraulic hole is opened on the side wall of the core shaft corresponding to the hydraulic cavity, and an exhaust hole is opened on the end of the piston cavity away from the hydraulic cavity. The piston extends into the hydraulic cavity and contacts with the next piston. A second hydraulic hole is opened on the side wall of the piston extending into the hydraulic cavity; the piston close to the lower joint is fixedly connected to the lower joint.
2. The multi-stage hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder body comprises an upper cylinder sleeve, a middle cylinder sleeve and a lower cylinder sleeve, which are coaxially fixedly connected in sequence, an upper joint is fixedly connected to the upper cylinder sleeve, and a lower joint is slidably connected to the lower cylinder sleeve.
3. The multi-stage hydraulic impactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Three groups of piston mechanisms are arranged in the cylinder body, and the piston chambers are respectively opened on the inner walls of the upper cylinder sleeve, the middle cylinder sleeve and the lower cylinder sleeve. The piston chamber in the lower cylinder sleeve is a first-stage piston, the piston chamber in the middle cylinder sleeve is a second-stage piston, and the piston chamber in the upper cylinder sleeve is a third-stage piston. Limiting vertical grooves are arranged in the piston chambers, and limiting convex strips are arranged on the side walls of the first-stage piston, the second-stage piston and the third-stage piston, and the limiting convex strips are slidably connected to the corresponding limiting vertical grooves.
4. The multi-stage hydraulic impactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting sleeve is arranged between the first-stage piston and the lower joint, and the two ends of the connecting sleeve are fixedly connected to the first-stage piston and the lower joint respectively, and a first sealing groove is opened on the inner side wall of the lower cylinder sleeve corresponding to the connecting sleeve, and a first sealing ring is arranged in the first sealing groove.
5. The multi-stage hydraulic impactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A support sleeve is fixedly connected in the hydraulic cavity between the third-stage piston and the upper joint. The support sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the core shaft. The support sleeve is provided with a plurality of hydraulic through holes around its axis.
6. The multi-stage hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting flange is arranged at one end of each piston cavity away from the hydraulic cavity, and a limiting ring is arranged at one end of the piston close to the hydraulic cavity.
7. The multi-stage hydraulic impactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second sealing groove is provided on the outer side wall of the limiting ring, and a second sealing ring is arranged in the second sealing groove.
8. The multi-stage hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third sealing groove is provided on the inner side wall of the piston located at one side of the piston cavity, and a third sealing ring is arranged in the third sealing groove.
9. The multi-stage hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fourth sealing groove is provided on the outer side wall of one end of the piston extending into the hydraulic cavity, and a fourth sealing ring is arranged in the fourth sealing groove.
10. The multi-stage hydraulic impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hydraulic hole is a circular hole, the second hydraulic hole is an oblong hole, and the first hydraulic hole and the second hydraulic hole are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the core shaft.