Practical training lathe

Abstract

The utility model relates to a practical training lathe which comprises a machine base and a machine body, the machine base is provided with a machining space, the machine body is connected with a protective door used for covering the machining space in a sliding mode, the machine base is provided with a driving assembly, a tool turret assembly and a tailstock, and the practical training lathe further comprises a practical training table used for fixing the machine base. The driving assembly comprises a main shaft box, a main shaft motor fixedly arranged on the main shaft box and a pneumatic three-jaw chuck arranged on the main shaft box in a penetrating mode, the pneumatic three-jaw chuck further comprises a ventilation connecting piece, and the ventilation connecting piece is communicated with a first air pump. According to the utility model, the encoder is in transmission connection with the main shaft, so that the rotating speed of the main shaft can be known from the encoder, and the rotating speed of the main shaft can be clearly known when lathe processing is adjusted and demonstrated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of machine tool equipment, in particular to a training lathe. Background Art

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool that mainly uses a turning tool to turn a rotating workpiece. Drills, reamer, reamers, taps, dies and knurling tools can also be used on the lathe for corresponding processing. Ordinary lathes can process a wide range of objects, with a large adjustment range of spindle speed and feed rate, and can process the inner and outer surfaces, end faces and inner and outer threads of workpieces.

[0003] At present, when demonstrating and training lathe operation technology, ordinary lathes do not have the function of displaying the lathe rotation rate, which cannot enable trainees to intuitively know the rotation speed during lathe processing, and is not convenient for trainees to learn the rotation speed required for the lathe when processing different materials and different parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the utility model: In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a training lathe, which is convenient for trainees to observe and learn the rotation speed of the rotating shaft during lathe processing.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model: a training lathe comprises a machine base and a machine body arranged outside the machine base, a processing space is arranged on the machine base, a protective door for covering the processing space is slidably connected to the machine body, a driving assembly, a turret assembly and a tailstock are arranged on the machine base, and is characterized in that it also comprises a training table for supporting the machine base, the driving assembly comprises a spindle box, a spindle motor fixedly arranged on the spindle box, and a pneumatic three-jaw chuck penetrating the spindle box;

[0006] The pneumatic three-jaw chuck includes a spindle, the spindle is rotatably connected to the spindle box, the spindle motor is transmission-connected to the spindle, and the spindle is transmission-connected with an encoder;

[0007] The training table is provided with a chip removal device, which is located below the processing space. The chip removal device includes a drawer slidably connected to the training table, and the training table is provided with an opening for connecting the inner cavity of the drawer with the processing space.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the encoder is connected to the spindle transmission, and the rotation speed of the spindle can be known from the encoder, so that when adjusting the demonstration lathe processing, the rotation speed of the spindle can be clearly known, and the waste chips flying out of the processing can be collected through the drawer and then pulled out of the drawer for centralized treatment.

[0009] A further configuration of the utility model is that the pneumatic three-jaw chuck also includes a ventilation connector, and the ventilation connector is connected to a first air pump.

[0010] With the above further configuration, the pneumatic three-jaw chuck is used to clamp and fix the workpiece, which has a fast response speed, a large clamping force, and good adaptability to workpieces of different shapes and sizes, so as to reduce errors caused by vibration during the processing and avoid the workpiece flying out.

[0011] Further configuration of the utility model: the machine body as a whole is a trapezoidal table structure, and its upper end face is an inclined surface facing the direction of the protective door; the drive assembly, turret assembly and tailstock are all located on the upper end face of the machine body; the turret assembly includes a base, a tool holder arranged above the base and a processing fixture fixed on the tool holder; a first drive assembly for controlling the base to move in the axial direction of the spindle is provided between the base and the machine base; a second drive assembly for controlling the tool holder to move in the radial direction of the spindle is provided between the tool holder and the base.

[0012] With the above further arrangement, the first drive assembly and the second drive assembly realize the movement of the tool holder in two directions, thereby increasing the processing area and making the lathe applicable to workpieces of more shapes.

[0013] The utility model is further configured as follows: a third driving assembly for controlling the tailstock to move in the axial direction of the spindle is provided between the tailstock and the machine base, the tailstock is fixedly connected to a tailstock motor, a top is fixedly connected to an output end of the tailstock motor, the tip of the top faces the pneumatic three-jaw chuck, and the top is coaxial with the pneumatic three-jaw chuck.

[0014] With the above further arrangement, the tailstock which can move along the axial direction of the main shaft can adapt to workpieces of different lengths to be processed, and at the same time, the tailstock motor controls and drives the center to rotate.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: the first drive assembly, the second drive assembly and the third drive assembly are all covered with an accordion cover.

[0016] The above further configuration is adopted to prevent waste chips generated during processing or cooling lubricating fluid during processing from entering into each drive component, thereby damaging the drive component and affecting the processing.

[0017] A further configuration of the utility model is that a second air pump for controlling the movement of the protective door is provided on the machine body.

[0018] With the above further arrangement, the protective door is closed by the air pump, and the driving valve of the air pump is controlled by the numerical control system, so as to prevent the lathe from starting to work when the protective door is not closed, avoid the occurrence of waste chips or even broken tools flying out and injuring people, so as to help trainees develop the habit of closing the protective door of the lathe before processing.

[0019] Further configuration of the utility model: a control component is arranged on the training table, and the control component includes a power supply, an air source, an oil-water separator, a lubrication pump, a cooling motor and a water tank for processing and cooling.

[0020] The above-mentioned further configuration is adopted, and a lubrication pump is used to lubricate the tool and workpiece for processing the workpiece, thereby reducing the wear on the surface of the workpiece and playing a certain cooling role. A cooling motor and a water tank are provided, and the cooling motor transports the water in the water tank to the processing space to cool the processed workpiece and tool, thereby reducing the heat accumulation on the surface of the workpiece and reducing the wear on the surface of the workpiece.

[0021] The utility model is further configured as follows: a drawer plate is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the drawer, and sieve holes are evenly distributed on the drawer plate.

[0022] With the above further configuration, the draw plate can screen the waste chips after processing, separate the large waste chips and process them separately, and if a tool breakage or a workpiece breakage occurs, it can be easily found and removed above the draw plate.

[0023] The utility model is further configured as follows: the air source is connected to the oil-water separator through a manual valve, and the oil-water separator is connected to two solenoid valves for controlling the first air pump and the second air pump through a manifold, and the opening and closing of the two solenoid valves are controlled by a numerical control system.

[0024] By further adopting the above arrangement, the states of the two solenoid valves are respectively controlled by the numerical control system to realize the control of the two air pumps, which makes the operation more convenient. At the same time, it can also be seen from the display screen of the numerical control system whether the air pump is working, thereby preventing the pneumatic three-jaw chuck from failing to clamp the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a specific embodiment of the utility model after the body is hidden;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another perspective after the body of the specific embodiment of the utility model is hidden;

[0028] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the specific embodiment of the utility model after the body is hidden;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the specific embodiment of the utility model after the body and the accordion cover are hidden;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the side view of the structure of the utility model after the body is hidden;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at DD in the middle;

[0033] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drawer and the drawer board in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0034] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the pipelines of the first air pump and the second air pump controlled by the numerical control system in a specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0035] In the figure: 1. training table; 2. machine body; 21. processing space; 22. protective door; 3. spindle motor; 4. spindle; 41. gas flow channel; 5. spindle box; 6. chip removal device; 61. drawer; 62. drawer; 7. encoder; 8. first air pump; 9. pneumatic three-jaw chuck; 91. ventilation connector; 10. second air pump; 11. base; 12. tool holder; 13. processing fixture; 14. first drive assembly; 15. second drive assembly; 16. third drive assembly; 17. tailstock; 171. tailstock motor; 18. accordion cover; 19. center; 20. machine base; 31. air source; 32. oil-water separator; 321. air filter; 322. pressure reducing valve; 323. oil mist collector; 33. solenoid valve; 34. manifold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical scheme in this embodiment will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0037] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, all directional indications (such as up, down, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0038] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "several" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.

[0039] like Figure 1-10 As shown, the training lathe includes a machine base 20, a body 2 wrapping the machine base 20, a training table 1 for fixing the machine base 20, and a numerical control system. The numerical control system includes a display and a controller. A processing space 21 is arranged on the machine base 20. A protective door 22 for covering the processing space 21 is slidably connected to the machine body 2. A second air pump 10 for controlling the opening or closing of the protective door 22 is arranged on the top surface of the machine body 2. The solenoid valve 33 for driving the second air pump 10 is controlled by the numerical control system to prevent the lathe from starting to work when the protective door 22 is not closed, thereby avoiding the occurrence of waste chips or even broken cutting tools flying out to injure people, so as to help trainees develop the habit of closing the protective door 22 of the lathe before processing.

[0040] The machine base 20 is provided with a driving assembly, a turret assembly and a tailstock 17 . The machine base 20 is a trapezoidal structure as a whole, and its upper end surface is an inclined surface facing the protective door 22 . The turret assembly and the tailstock 17 are both located on the upper end surface of the machine base 20 .

[0041] The driving assembly includes a pneumatic three-jaw chuck 9, a spindle box 5, and a spindle motor 3 fixedly arranged on the spindle box 5. The pneumatic three-jaw chuck 9 includes a spindle 4. The output end of the spindle motor 3 is fixedly connected to a driving wheel. A double-groove pulley is fixedly arranged on the spindle 4. An encoder 7 is fixedly arranged on the spindle box 5. A driven wheel is fixedly arranged at the output end of the encoder 7. Synchronous belts are respectively arranged between the double-groove pulley and the driven wheel and the driving wheel. The spindle motor 3 transmits the spindle 4 and the driven wheel connected to the encoder 7 through two synchronous belts, and the encoder 7 and the spindle 4 are transmitted. The power generated by the spindle motor 3 is first transmitted to the driving wheel, and then transmitted to the double-groove pulley on the spindle 4 through the synchronous belt, and then the spindle 4 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the double-groove pulley. At the same time, the power is transmitted to the driven wheel through the synchronous belt, and then the encoder 7 is driven to rotate by the rotation of the driven wheel. The encoder 7 measures the rotation speed of the spindle 4. The encoder 7 can feed back the signal to the CNC system through electrical connection. The external display screen of the CNC system can display the rotation speed of the spindle 4 obtained by the encoder 7 test, so that the rotation speed of the spindle 4 can be clearly known when adjusting the demonstration lathe processing.

[0042] The main shaft 4 is passed through the main shaft box 5, and the main shaft 4 and the main shaft box 5 are rotatably connected by setting bearings, that is, the installation of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 9 and the main shaft box 5 is realized. The pneumatic three-jaw chuck 9 also includes a ventilation connector 91, and the ventilation connector 91 is connected to the first air pump 8. The ventilation connector 91 is fixed to the machine base 20. The first air pump 8 can pump air into the ventilation connector 91 to realize the clamping or loosening action of the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 9. The action of the first air pump 8 is controlled by the solenoid valve 33.

[0043] The turret assembly includes a base 11, a tool holder 12 disposed above the base 11, and a processing fixture 13 fixed on the tool holder 12. A first driving assembly 14 for controlling the base 11 to move in the axial direction of the spindle 4 is provided between the base 11 and the machine base 20. The first driving assembly 14 includes a driving motor, a lead screw and a lead screw nut. The output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the lead screw through a coupling. After the base 11 is fixedly connected to the lead screw nut, it is controlled by the driving motor to move on the lead screw.

[0044] A second drive assembly 15 for controlling the movement of the tool holder 12 in the radial direction of the spindle 4 is arranged between the tool holder 12 and the base 11. The second drive assembly 15 includes a screw motor, a slide rail and a slider group. The screw motor is fixed to the side of the base 11, and the slide rail is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the base 11. The screw nut and the slider group matched with the screw motor are fixedly connected to the bottom of the tool holder 12, so that the screw motor controls the tool holder 12 to move on the slide rail.

[0045] The first drive assembly 14 and the second drive assembly 15 enable the tool holder 12 to move in two directions, and the inclined upper end surface of the machine base 20 allows the tool holder 12 to move in the radial direction of the spindle 4 while moving on a vertical plane, thereby increasing the processing area and making the lathe suitable for workpieces of more shapes.

[0046] A third drive assembly 16 is provided between the tailstock 17 and the machine base 20 for controlling the tailstock 17 to move in the axial direction of the spindle 4. The third drive assembly 16 includes a slide rail group and a matching slider group. The slide rail group is fixed on the machine base 20. The bottom of the tailstock 17 is fixedly connected to the slider group to realize manual pushing of the tailstock 17 to slide on the slide rail group, so that the tailstock 17 can adapt to workpieces of different lengths. The tailstock 17 is fixedly connected to a tailstock motor 171. The output end of the tailstock motor 171 is fixedly connected to a top 19. The tip of the top 19 faces the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 9. The top 19 is coaxial with the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 9 and is used to abut the rotating axis of the workpiece. The tailstock motor 171 controls and drives the top 19 to rotate so that it can rotate with the workpiece, so that the workpiece is clamped more firmly during rotation processing. The third drive assembly 16 has a locking device, which can control the sliding or locking of the tailstock 17 on the slide rail to avoid the situation where the tailstock 17 slides during processing of the workpiece and causes the workpiece to shake or even fall off and fly out.

[0047] The first drive assembly 14, the second drive assembly 15 and the third drive assembly 16 are all covered with an accordion cover 18, which can adopt a fire-retardant guide rail and screw protective accordion cover to prevent waste chips generated during processing or cooling and lubricating fluid during processing from entering into each drive assembly and causing damage to the drive assembly and affecting the processing.

[0048] A control component and a chip removal device 6 are provided on the training table 1. The control component includes a power supply, an air source 31, an oil-water separator 32, a lubrication pump, a cooling motor and a water tank for processing and cooling. The lubrication pump is used to lubricate the tool and workpiece of the processed workpiece to reduce the wear on the surface of the processed workpiece and play a certain cooling role at the same time. A cooling motor and a water tank are provided. The cooling motor transports the water in the water tank to the processing space 22 to cool the processed workpiece and the tool, reduce the heat accumulation on the surface of the workpiece, and also reduce the wear on the surface of the workpiece. The oil-water separator 32 includes an air filter 321, a pressure reducing valve 322 and an oil mist collector 323, so that the gas entering the first air pump 8 and the second air pump 10 does not have excess liquid impurities. The power supply is used to provide power to each motor on the machine base 20, and the power supply is provided with a main power switch.

[0049] The chip removal device 6 is located below the processing space 21. The chip removal device includes a drawer 61 slidably connected to the training table 1. The training table 1 is provided with an opening for connecting the inner cavity of the drawer 61 with the processing space 21, so that the waste chips generated by the processing fall into the drawer 61 for collection. When a certain amount of chips are collected, the drawer 61 can be pulled out for cleaning.

[0050] A drawer plate 62 is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the drawer 61 , and sieve holes are evenly distributed on the drawer plate 62 . The drawer plate 62 can screen the waste chips after processing, and if the tool or workpiece is broken, it can be taken out through the drawer plate 62 .

[0051] The air source 31 is connected to the oil-water separator 32 through a manual valve. The oil-water separator 32 is connected to the two solenoid valves 33 used to control the first air pump 8 and the second air pump 10 respectively through a manifold 34. The solenoid valves 33 can both be two-position five-way solenoid valves. The two solenoid valves 33 are both controlled to open and close by the numerical control system. The states of the two solenoid valves 33 are controlled by the numerical control system to control the two air pumps, which makes the operation more convenient. At the same time, it can also be seen from the display screen of the numerical control system whether the air pump is working to prevent the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 9 from not clamping the workpiece.

[0052] Four height-adjustable table legs with wheels are fixed at the bottom of the training table 1. The height of the table legs can be adjusted to keep the machine base 20 level, and the height of the machine base 20 can be changed to facilitate students' observation. At the same time, the bottom of each table leg is a non-slip pad to prevent the training table 1 from sliding against the bottom surface and causing damage to the training lathe or even injury to the trainees. At the same time, the wheels of the table legs can assist in the movement of the training table 1.

[0053] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that technical personnel in this field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A training lathe, comprising a machine base (20) and a machine body (2) arranged outside the machine base (20), wherein a processing space (21) is arranged on the machine base (20), a protective door (22) for covering the processing space (21) is slidably connected to the machine body (2), and a drive assembly, a turret assembly and a tailstock (17) are arranged on the machine base (20), characterized in that: It also includes a training table (1) for supporting the machine base (20), and the drive assembly includes a spindle box (5), a spindle motor (3) fixedly arranged on the spindle box (5), and a pneumatic three-jaw chuck (9) penetrating the spindle box (5); The pneumatic three-jaw chuck (9) comprises a main shaft (4), the main shaft (4) is rotatably connected to the main shaft box (5), the main shaft motor (3) is transmission-connected to the main shaft (4), and the main shaft (4) is transmission-connected to an encoder (7); The training table (1) is provided with a chip removal device (6), the chip removal device (6) is located below the processing space (21), the chip removal device comprises a drawer (61) slidably connected to the training table (1), and the training table (1) is provided with an opening for connecting the inner cavity of the drawer (61) and the processing space (21).

2. The training lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pneumatic three-jaw chuck (9) further comprises a ventilation connection piece (91), and the ventilation connection piece (91) is connected to a first air pump (8).

3. The training lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine base (20) is in the form of a trapezoidal table structure, and its upper end surface is an inclined surface facing the protective door (22). The turret assembly and the tailstock (17) are both located on the upper end surface of the machine base (20). The turret assembly comprises a base (11), a tool holder (12) arranged above the base (11), and a processing fixture (13) fixed on the tool holder (12). A first driving assembly (14) for controlling the base (11) to move in the axial direction of the spindle (4) is provided between the base (11) and the machine base (20), and a second driving assembly (15) for controlling the tool holder (12) to move in the radial direction of the spindle (4) is provided between the tool holder (12) and the base (11).

4. The training lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third driving assembly (16) for controlling the tailstock (17) to move in the axial direction of the main shaft (4) is provided between the tailstock (17) and the machine base (20).

5. The training lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first drive assembly (14), the second drive assembly (15) and the third drive assembly (16) are all covered with an accordion cover (18).

6. The training lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tailstock (17) is fixedly connected to a tailstock motor (171), and an output end of the tailstock motor (171) is fixedly connected to a centering point (19), the tip of the centering point (19) faces the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (9), and the centering point (19) and the pneumatic three-jaw chuck (9) are coaxial.

7. The training lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The machine body (2) is provided with a second air pump (10) for controlling the movement of the protective door (22).

8. The training lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The training table (1) is provided with a control component, which comprises a power supply, an air source (31), an oil-water separator (32), a lubrication pump, a cooling motor for processing and cooling, and a water tank.

9. The training lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drawer plate (62) is slidably connected inside the drawer (61), and sieve holes are evenly distributed on the drawer plate (62).

10. The training lathe according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air source (31) is connected to the oil-water separator (32) via a manual valve, and the oil-water separator (32) is connected to two solenoid valves (33) for controlling the first air pump (8) and the second air pump (10) via a manifold (34).

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