Battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery pack and a vehicle. The battery pack comprises a lower box body and an upper box body, wherein the lower box body comprises a frame; the first separation beam is arranged in the lower box body and extends in the first direction, and a first exhaust channel is arranged in the first separation beam; the battery modules are arranged on the two sides of the first separation beam, the battery modules and the first separation beam are arranged at intervals, and second exhaust channels are formed between the battery modules and the side walls of the first separation beam; the side wall is further provided with a first air inlet, and the first air inlet is communicated with the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel. And the anti-explosion valve is arranged on the frame and is used for discharging thermal runaway gas in the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel out of the battery pack. According to the invention, the thermal runaway gas can be quickly discharged, the spreading of thermal runaway is prevented, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, electric vehicles are becoming more and more popular. Battery packs are the main power source of electric vehicles. The thermal runaway safety of battery packs directly affects the safety of electric vehicles. At present, when the battery pack has thermal runaway, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the battery pack is prone to not being discharged in time, causing safety accidents and threatening the safety of drivers and passengers. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present application provides a battery pack and a vehicle to solve or at least improve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology, so as to improve the safety of the battery pack during thermal runaway.

[0004] On the one hand, the present application provides a battery pack, comprising: a lower box body, the lower box body comprising a frame; a first partition beam, the first partition beam is arranged in the lower box body and extends along a first direction, and a first exhaust channel is arranged in the first partition beam; a battery module, the battery module is arranged on both sides of the first partition beam and is spaced apart from the first partition beam, and a second exhaust channel is formed between the battery module and the side wall of the first partition beam; wherein a first air inlet is also arranged on the side wall, and the first air inlet connects the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel; an explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the frame, and is used to discharge the thermal runaway gas in the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel out of the battery pack.

[0005] In this way, when a battery cell in the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas first enters the second exhaust channel formed between the battery module and the side wall of the first partition beam, and a portion of the gas directly passes through the second exhaust channel and is discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve. At the same time, the thermal runaway gas also enters the first exhaust channel in the first partition beam through the first air inlet, and finally passes through the first exhaust channel and is discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve. Therefore, in this application, the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel are set up to enable the thermal runaway gas to be quickly discharged, thereby preventing the spread of thermal runaway and improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0006] Furthermore, the first air inlet includes a plurality of first air inlet holes and a plurality of second air inlet holes, the first air inlet holes and the second air inlet holes are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the first dividing beam, and the first air inlet holes and the second air inlet holes are staggered.

[0007] Furthermore, the battery pack also includes an end beam, which extends along a second direction, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the end of the first partition beam is connected to the end beam; a first exhaust port and a second exhaust port are provided on the end beam, the first exhaust port is connected to the first exhaust channel, and the second exhaust port is connected to the second exhaust channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the battery pack also includes a liquid cooling chamber, which is arranged between the end beam and the frame; the explosion-proof valve on the frame is arranged opposite to the end beam.

[0009] Furthermore, the battery pack also includes a second partition beam, which extends along a second direction and intersects with the first partition beam; the second partition beam divides the lower box into a plurality of accommodating cavities; wherein the second partition beam is also provided with a through hole, and the through hole connects adjacent accommodating cavities.

[0010] Furthermore, the through hole includes a first through hole and a second through hole respectively located on both sides of the first partition beam; a partition rib extending along the second direction is also arranged in the second partition beam, and the first through hole and the second through hole are respectively arranged on both sides of the partition rib.

[0011] Furthermore, a third exhaust channel is arranged in the second partition beam, and a second air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the second partition beam, and the second air inlet connects the accommodating cavity and the third exhaust channel; a fourth exhaust channel is also arranged in the first partition beam, and the fourth exhaust channel is arranged side by side with the first exhaust channel in a third direction and separated by reinforcing ribs in the first partition beam, and the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction; wherein the third exhaust channel is connected with the fourth exhaust channel.

[0012] Furthermore, a third exhaust port is provided on the end beam, and the third exhaust port is connected to the fourth exhaust channel; or a connecting port is provided on the reinforcing rib, and the connecting port is connected to the fourth exhaust channel and the first exhaust channel.

[0013] Furthermore, the battery pack also includes a box cover, which is bonded to the first partition beam and the second partition beam.

[0014] Finally, the present application also provides a vehicle, comprising a battery pack as described in any of the above technical solutions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack of an embodiment of the present application (the battery module and the box cover are not shown).

[0016] Figure 2 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the battery pack of an embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the local structure of the battery pack of an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the first partition beam in the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the second partition beam in the embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the second partition beam in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Many specific details are described in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation disclosed below.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, inside, outside, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some implementation methods" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figures 1 to 3 The present application provides a battery pack, including a lower box body 100, a first partition beam 200 and a battery module 300 arranged in the lower box body 100, and an explosion-proof valve 400.

[0026] Specifically, the lower box body 100 includes a frame 110 and a bottom plate fixed on the frame 110 .

[0027] The first partition beam 200 is disposed in the lower box 100 and extends along the first direction X. The first partition beam 200 divides the lower box 100 into two areas. For example, in this embodiment, the first partition beam 200 is a longitudinal beam of the battery pack. Of course, in some other embodiments, the first partition beam 200 may also be a transverse beam of the battery pack.

[0028] Continue to see Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a first exhaust channel 10 extending along the first direction X is provided in the first partition beam 200. Exemplarily, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 210 are provided in the first partition beam 200, and the reinforcing ribs 210 divide the first partition beam 200 into a plurality of cavities. For example, in the present embodiment, the reinforcing ribs 210 include a first reinforcing rib 211 and a second reinforcing rib 212, which divide the first partition beam 200 into three cavities, the two upper cavities being the first exhaust channel 10, and the lower cavity being the fourth exhaust channel 40. That is, the fourth exhaust channel 40 is arranged side by side with the first exhaust channel 10 in the third direction Z, and is separated by the second reinforcing rib 212. The fourth exhaust channel 40 will be described in detail below.

[0029] The battery module 300 is disposed on both sides of the first partition beam 200 and is spaced apart from the first partition beam 200 . Because the battery module 300 is spaced apart from the first partition beam 200 , a second exhaust channel 20 is formed between the battery module 300 and the side wall of the first partition beam 200 .

[0030] A first air inlet 201 is also provided on the side wall of the first partition beam 200, and the first air inlet 201 is connected to the first exhaust channel 10 and the second exhaust channel 20. For example, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 The first air inlet 201 is in a long strip shape and connects the two cavities above the first dividing beam 200 .

[0031] In this embodiment, the battery module 200 includes a plurality of battery cells stacked along the first direction X, the battery cells are blade battery cells, and the safety valve of the battery cells is arranged on the end surface of the battery cells facing the first partition beam 200, so that when the battery cells have thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas thereof will be ejected toward the first partition beam 200. Of course, it can be understood that the battery cells may also be square shell battery cells, soft pack battery cells or cylindrical battery cells, which do not deviate from the essence of the present application.

[0032] The explosion-proof valve 400 is disposed on the frame 110 and is used to discharge the thermal runaway gas from the first exhaust channel 10 and the second exhaust channel 20 out of the battery pack.

[0033] In addition, see Figure 2 The battery pack further includes a box cover 500, which is bonded to the first partition beam 100, so that the first partition beam 500 isolates the areas on both sides thereof, thereby flames erupting due to thermal runaway can also be isolated from each other, thereby improving safety.

[0034] In this way, when a battery cell in the battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas first enters the second exhaust channel 20 formed between the battery module 300 and the side wall of the first partition beam 200, and a portion of the gas directly passes through the second exhaust channel 20 and is discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve. At the same time, the thermal runaway gas also enters the first exhaust channel 10 in the first partition beam 200 through the first air inlet 201, and finally passes through the first exhaust channel 10 and is discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve 400. Therefore, in the present application, the first exhaust channel 10 and the second exhaust channel 20 are provided, so that the thermal runaway gas can be quickly discharged, the spread of thermal runaway is prevented, and the safety of the battery pack is improved.

[0035] Further, see also Figure 4 , the first air inlet 201 includes a plurality of first air inlet holes 2011 and a plurality of second air inlet holes 2012, which are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the first partition beam 100. Exemplarily, the plurality of first air inlet holes 2011 are evenly distributed on the first side wall, and the plurality of second air inlet holes 2012 are evenly distributed on the second side wall. Further, the first air inlet holes 2011 and the second air inlet holes 2012 are staggered. In this way, when a battery cell on one side of the first partition beam 100 has thermal runaway, the arrangement of the plurality of air inlet holes makes it easy for the gas of thermal runaway to enter the first exhaust channel 10, so that the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel participate in exhaust together; and the staggered arrangement of the first air inlet holes 2011 and the second air inlet holes 2012 makes it difficult for the erupting gas and flame of thermal runaway to enter the area on the other side of the first partition beam 100, thereby preventing the spread of thermal runaway and further improving safety.

[0036] When the thermal runaway gas enters the first exhaust channel 10 and the second exhaust channel 20, it is finally discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve 400 on the frame 110. Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the battery pack further includes an end beam 600, which extends along the second direction Y, and the end of the first partition beam 200 is connected to the end beam 600. The end beam 600 is provided with a first exhaust port 610 and a second exhaust port 620, the first exhaust port 610 is connected to the first exhaust channel 10, and the second exhaust port 620 is connected to the second exhaust channel 20.

[0037] The battery pack also includes a liquid cooling chamber, which is disposed between the end beam 600 and the frame 110; the explosion-proof valve 400 on the frame 110 is disposed opposite to the end beam 600. It can be understood that the liquid cooling chamber is used to set components such as pipe joints of the liquid cooling plate.

[0038] In this way, the thermal runaway gas of the first exhaust channel 10 enters the liquid cooling chamber through the first exhaust port 610 and is discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve 400; the thermal runaway gas of the second exhaust channel 20 enters the liquid cooling chamber through the second exhaust port 620 and is discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve 400. Since the high-temperature gas of thermal runaway passes through the liquid cooling chamber and is discharged through the explosion-proof valve, there are usually no circuit components in the liquid cooling chamber, thus avoiding damage to the circuit components of the battery pack by the high-temperature gas, thereby improving safety.

[0039] In addition, the battery pack also includes an electrical compartment, which is used to set up circuit elements of the battery pack, such as BMU, relays, etc. In the present embodiment, the electrical compartment is arranged at the end of the lower box body opposite to the liquid cooling compartment, so as to achieve water-electricity separation of the battery pack. Exemplarily, the electrical compartment is arranged between the other end beam and the frame. In order to ensure safety, no exhaust port is provided on the end beam at the electrical compartment, so that the end beam serves to isolate the high-temperature gas of thermal runaway from entering the electrical compartment. In other words, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, the gas of thermal runaway flows to the liquid cooling compartment side, enters the liquid cooling compartment, and is discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve.

[0040] Continue to see Figure 1 The battery pack further includes a second partition beam 700, which extends along the second direction Y and intersects with the first partition beam 200. For example, one or more second partition beams 700 may be provided, and the second partition beam 700 divides the lower box into a plurality of accommodating cavities. In this embodiment, two second partition beams 700 are provided, so that there are three accommodating cavities on each side of the first partition beam 200. For example, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In order to realize the intersection of the first partition beam 200 and the second partition beam 700, a first plug-in port 202 is provided on the first partition beam 200 and opens upward, and a second plug-in port 710 is provided on the second partition beam 700 and opens downward. The second plug-in port 710 is plugged into the first plug-in port 202, thereby realizing the intersection of the first partition beam 200 and the second partition beam 700. In order to prevent the second partition beam 700 from blocking the first exhaust channel 10 after being plugged into the first partition beam 200, a through hole 703 is provided in the area where the second partition beam 700 and the first partition beam 200 are plugged, and the through hole 703 passes through the left and right side walls of the second partition beam 700.

[0041] In addition, the second partition beam 700 is also bonded to the box cover 500, so in addition to a small amount of gas flow in each accommodating cavity, the flames erupting due to thermal runaway can be isolated from each other, further improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0042] See also Figure 1 and Figure 5 , the second partition beam 700 is also provided with a through hole 701, and the through hole 701 communicates with adjacent accommodating cavities. Thus, the provision of the second partition beam 700 improves the strength and rigidity of the box body, improves the mechanical properties, and the through hole 701 of the second partition beam 700 enables adjacent accommodating cavities to communicate, thereby ensuring that the second exhaust channel 20 smoothly performs the exhaust function. In other words, the through hole 701 can be considered as a component of the second exhaust channel 20. Exemplarily, the through hole 701 is provided in the area of ​​the second partition beam 700 close to the first partition beam 200.

[0043] For further information, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the through hole 701 includes a first through hole 7011 and a second through hole 7012 respectively located on both sides of the first partition beam 200, the first through hole 7011 and the second through hole 7012 are located at different heights and correspond to different cavities in the second partition beam 700. Specifically, a partition rib 720 extending along the second direction Y is provided in the second partition beam 700, and illustratively, the partition rib 720 has a plurality of parallelly arranged ones, and the first through hole 7011 and the second through hole 7012 are respectively provided on both sides of the partition rib 720. Therefore, when a battery cell on one side of the first partition beam 200 has thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas is prevented from entering the through hole 701 and then being discharged to the area on the other side of the first partition beam 200 through the same cavity in the second partition beam 700, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway spreading.

[0044] Continue to see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 A third exhaust channel 30 is arranged in the second dividing beam 700, and a second air inlet 702 is arranged on the side wall of the second dividing beam 700, and the second air inlet 702 connects the accommodating cavity and the third exhaust channel 30; and the third exhaust channel 30 in the second dividing beam 700 is connected with the fourth exhaust channel 40 in the first dividing beam 200.

[0045] For details, see Figure 4A through hole 203 is provided on the side wall below the first plug interface 202 of the first partition beam 200, and the through hole 203 connects the third exhaust channel 30 and the fourth exhaust channel 40. It can be understood that the third exhaust channel 30 is one or more cavities in the second partition beam 700. Thus, the thermal runaway gas in the accommodating cavity can enter the third exhaust channel 30 through the second air inlet 702, and then enter the fourth exhaust channel 40 in the first partition beam 200 from the through hole 203.

[0046] Exemplarily, the second air inlet 702 is disposed at one end of the second partition beam 700 close to the frame. In addition, the cavity where the third exhaust channel 30 is located is different from the cavity corresponding to the through hole 701 . For example, the third exhaust channel 30 is the lowest cavity in the second partition beam 700 .

[0047] Furthermore, in order to discharge the thermal runaway gas in the fourth exhaust channel 40, in a specific embodiment, a third exhaust port (not shown) is also provided on the end beam 600, and the third exhaust port is connected to the fourth exhaust channel 40, so that the thermal runaway gas enters the liquid cooling chamber through the third exhaust port and is finally discharged out of the box body from the explosion-proof valve 400.

[0048] In another specific embodiment, a connecting port 220 is provided on the second reinforcing rib 212 of the first partition beam 200, and the connecting port 220 connects the fourth exhaust channel 40 and the first exhaust channel 10. Therefore, after the gas in the third exhaust channel 30 enters the fourth exhaust channel 40, it enters the first exhaust channel 10 from the fourth exhaust channel 40 through the connecting port 220, and then enters the liquid cooling chamber from the first exhaust port 610, and is discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve 400. Exemplarily, the connecting port 220 is provided at one end of the second reinforcing rib 212 close to the first exhaust port 610.

[0049] So far, in the present application, the first exhaust channel 10 and the fourth exhaust channel 40 are separated by the reinforcing rib 210 in the first partition beam 200, and the second exhaust channel 20 is formed between the first partition beam 200 and the battery module 300, wherein the first partition beam 200 divides the lower box into two left and right areas, and the two areas are isolated from each other to avoid further expansion of thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, the thermal runaway gas first enters the second exhaust channel 20, and a part of the gas directly passes through the second exhaust channel 20 and is discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve 400. At the same time, the thermal runaway gas will also enter the first exhaust channel 10 through the first air inlet 201 on the side wall of the first partition beam 200 and finally be discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve through the first exhaust channel 10. At the same time, a second partition beam 700 is provided in the battery pack. The second partition beam 700 divides the area on each side of the first partition beam 200 into a plurality of accommodating chambers in the second direction Y. Since the first partition beam 200 and the second partition beam 700 are both bonded to the box cover 500, the flames erupted by thermal runaway can be isolated from each other except for a small amount of gas flow between these accommodating chambers, which can further improve the safety of the battery pack. In addition, a second air inlet 702 is provided on the side wall of the second partition beam 700. The thermal runaway gas also enters the third exhaust channel 30 provided inside the second partition beam 700 through the second air inlet 702. The gas in the third exhaust channel 30 enters the fourth exhaust channel 40 in the first partition beam 200 through the through hole 203, and is finally discharged out of the box through the explosion-proof valve. Therefore, through the provision of the first exhaust channel 10, the second exhaust channel 20, and the third exhaust channel 30 and the fourth exhaust channel 40, the thermal runaway gas can be quickly discharged, shortening the time for the thermal runaway gas to be discharged from the box, preventing the spread of thermal runaway, and improving the safety of the battery pack. In addition, the high-temperature gas discharged from each exhaust channel only passes through the liquid cooling compartment but not the electrical compartment, further improving the safety of the battery pack. The third exhaust channel 30 and the fourth exhaust channel 40 are isolated from the first exhaust channel 10 and the second exhaust channel 20 to a certain extent, preventing the gas in the first channel 10 and the second exhaust channel 20 from entering the third exhaust channel 30 and the fourth exhaust channel 40, thereby improving the safety of the battery cells near the second partition beam 700.

[0050] Finally, the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned battery pack.

[0051] It should be noted that although the utility model is disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the utility model. Any technical personnel in this field may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of the utility model shall be based on the scope defined by the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: A lower box body, wherein the lower box body comprises a frame; a first partition beam, the first partition beam being disposed in the lower box body and extending along a first direction, and a first exhaust passage being disposed in the first partition beam; A battery module, wherein the battery module is disposed on both sides of the first partition beam and is spaced apart from the first partition beam, and a second exhaust channel is formed between the battery module and a side wall of the first partition beam; Wherein, the side wall is further provided with a first air inlet, and the first air inlet is connected with the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel; An explosion-proof valve is arranged on the frame and is used to discharge the thermal runaway gas in the first exhaust channel and the second exhaust channel out of the battery pack.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air inlet includes a plurality of first air inlet holes and a plurality of second air inlet holes, the first air inlet holes and the second air inlet holes are respectively arranged on two opposite side walls of the first dividing beam, and the first air inlet holes and the second air inlet holes are staggered.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery pack further includes an end beam, the end beam extending along a second direction, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, and an end of the first partition beam being connected to the end beam; The end beam is provided with a first exhaust port and a second exhaust port, the first exhaust port is communicated with the first exhaust channel, and the second exhaust port is communicated with the second exhaust channel.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery pack further comprises a liquid cooling chamber, wherein the liquid cooling chamber is arranged between the end beam and the frame; The explosion-proof valve on the frame is arranged opposite to the end beam.

5. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery pack further includes a second partition beam, which extends along a second direction and intersects with the first partition beam; the second partition beam divides the lower box into a plurality of accommodating chambers; Wherein, the second partition beam is further provided with a through hole, and the through hole is connected with the adjacent accommodating cavities.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The through hole comprises a first through hole and a second through hole respectively located on two sides of the first partition beam; A partition rib extending along the second direction is further disposed in the second partition beam, and the first through hole and the second through hole are respectively disposed on both sides of the partition rib.

7. The battery pack according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A third exhaust channel is provided in the second partition beam, and a second air inlet is provided on a side wall of the second partition beam, wherein the second air inlet communicates with the accommodating cavity and the third exhaust channel; A fourth exhaust channel is further provided in the first partition beam, the fourth exhaust channel and the first exhaust channel are arranged side by side in a third direction and are separated by a reinforcing rib in the first partition beam, the third direction being perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction; Wherein, the third exhaust channel is communicated with the fourth exhaust channel.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end beam is also provided with a third exhaust port, and the third exhaust port is communicated with the fourth exhaust channel; Alternatively, a communication port is provided on the reinforcing rib, and the communication port communicates the fourth exhaust channel with the first exhaust channel.

9. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The battery pack further includes a box cover, wherein the box cover is bonded to the first partition beam, and the box cover is bonded to the second partition beam.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a battery pack according to any one of claims 1-9.

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