Sealing gasket and electrochemical unit

Abstract

The utility model relates to a sealing gasket and an electrochemical unit. The sealing gasket is applied to a water electrolysis unit or a fuel cell unit, the sealing gasket comprises a rubber layer and clamping cloth, and the rubber layer is wrapped outside the clamping cloth. The framework of the sealing washer is made of the clamping cloth, and after the sealing washer is vulcanized from a mold, the clamping cloth can limit the size shrinkage of the sealing washer, so that the sealing washer is matched with the sealing groove in size. In addition, the sealing washer is not prone to distortion in the assembling process, sealing is stable, and the sealing performance is guaranteed. In addition, the sealing washer made of the clamping cloth is also beneficial to flexible replacement of the sealing washer, and is convenient to assemble.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water, in particular to a sealing gasket applied to a water electrolysis unit or a fuel cell unit. Background Art

[0002] The water electrolysis stack (also known as the water electrolysis stack) is used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and is used in the field of hydrogen for water electrolysis stacks or full battery new energy. The water electrolysis stack in the related art includes an upper end plate, a water electrolysis cell and a lower end plate, and each water electrolysis cell includes a bipolar plate (referred to as BPP), a proton exchange membrane coated catalyst (also known as a catalyst coated membrane, referred to as CCM), a gasket, an O-ring, a titanium mesh, a titanium felt, a carbon paper and a steel mesh.

[0003] For a general water electrolysis stack, the water electrolysis unit (singer cell) is a key component of the water electrolysis stack. In the water electrolysis unit, the area above the CCM where hydrogen is produced is called the cathode side, and the area below the CCM where oxygen is produced is the anode side. A titanium mesh or titanium felt is provided on the anode side of the CCM, and carbon paper and steel mesh are provided on the cathode side of the CCM. The carbon paper is the gas diffusion layer, referred to as GDL. The function of the GDL is to transport the water and hydrogen produced on the cathode side of the CCM to the pipeline.

[0004] In the related art, the water electrolysis stack is composed of a plurality of water electrolysis units stacked together, and the manifold holes of the water electrolysis units form a chimney-like pipe, and the cathode side and anode side of the water electrolysis unit each have a sealing gasket to prevent leakage of the generated hydrogen and water. In order to make the water electrolysis stack work, we need to use a frame to provide support and positioning for the sealing gasket, and the bipolar plate compresses the sealing gasket to seal the hydrogen and water.

[0005] However, sealing gaskets made purely of rubber are too soft and therefore difficult to assemble in a water electrolysis stack. If the gasket is not properly assembled, it can lead to leakage of hydrogen and water, causing the gases to mix and even a small explosion. In addition, when a sealing gasket made of rubber is vulcanized from the mold, it shrinks in size, sometimes resulting in the sealing gasket not matching the size of the groove. In addition, when a sealing gasket made purely of rubber is subjected to durability testing, there is always a risk of material removal from the rubber material, which can adhere to the bipolar plate and may even enter the active area and contaminate the CCM, ultimately affecting the water electrolysis performance of the entire water electrolysis stack.

[0006] In the related art, a metal skeleton can be embedded inside the sealing gasket. However, the sealing gasket with a metal skeleton cannot ensure the sealing performance of the sealing gasket, is not suitable for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE for short), cannot be flexibly replaced, and is not convenient to assemble. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, the present disclosure provides a sealing gasket and an electrochemical unit.

[0008] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides a sealing gasket applied to a water electrolysis unit or a fuel cell unit, wherein the sealing gasket comprises a rubber layer and a sandwich cloth, wherein the rubber layer is wrapped around the outside of the sandwich cloth.

[0009] In some embodiments, the sandwich cloth is a flat ring structure made of fabric, the sandwich cloth includes an upper side and a lower side, and the rubber layer is attached to the upper side and the lower side of the sandwich cloth through a vulcanization process. The rubber layer is provided with protrusions, the protrusions are located on the upper side and the lower side of the sandwich cloth, and the protrusions are symmetrically arranged relative to the sandwich cloth.

[0010] In some embodiments, the sealing gasket includes an outer ring protrusion and an inner ring protrusion, and the inner ring protrusion is located on the inner side of the outer ring protrusion.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cross-sections of the outer ring protrusion and the inner ring protrusion are triangular and are inclined toward the inner ring protrusion.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sealing gasket forms a ring structure that adapts to the manifold hole, and the sealing gasket is provided with a sealing ring portion for sealing the manifold hole on the edge of the ring structure, wherein the sealing ring portion is in a convex shape and is clamped between the outer ring protrusion and the inner ring protrusion.

[0013] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the protrusion is one of a triangle, a square or a trapezoid.

[0014] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides an electrochemical unit for water electrolysis or a fuel cell, comprising: a support plate, wherein the support plate is provided with square ring-shaped sealing grooves at the edges of the upper end face and the lower end face; a sealing gasket as described in the first aspect, installed in the sealing groove; and a bipolar plate, arranged on the upper end face and the lower end face of the support plate, wherein the sealing gasket includes a protrusion, which protrudes from the upper end face and the lower end face of the support plate in a natural state, and is used for sealing and crimping with the bipolar plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the support plate is provided with a manifold hole extending vertically therethrough, and the sealing groove forms a manifold hole groove ring surrounding the manifold hole, wherein the sealing gasket has a sealing ring portion adapted to the manifold hole groove ring.

[0016] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may include the following beneficial effects: the framework of the sealing gasket is made of a cloth sandwich, and when the sealing gasket is vulcanized from the mold, the cloth sandwich can limit the size shrinkage of the sealing gasket, so that the size of the sealing gasket matches the size of the sealing groove. In addition, the sealing gasket is not easily twisted during the assembly process, so that the seal is stable and the sealing performance is ensured. In addition, the sealing gasket made of the cloth sandwich is also conducive to flexible replacement of the sealing gasket and convenient assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a water electrolysis stack according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a water electrolysis unit according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a water electrolysis unit according to another exemplary embodiment;

[0021] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of one end surface of a water electrolysis unit according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0022] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the other end surface of the water electrolysis unit according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a sealing gasket according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0024] Figure 7 is a top view of a sealing gasket according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0025] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The sealing gasket is shown in a cross-sectional view along the transverse direction AA. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0027] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a sealing gasket 43, which can be applied to an electrochemical unit, wherein the electrochemical unit can be a water electrolysis unit 40 or a fuel cell unit. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sealing gasket 43 is applied to the water electrolysis unit 40 as an example for detailed description. The water electrolysis unit 40 is suitable for installation in the water electrolysis stack 100. In order to better understand the present invention, Figure 1 The arrow A shown in illustrative figures indicates the axial direction of the water electrolysis stack 100 , and the direction of the water electrolysis unit 40 is the same as that of the water electrolysis stack 100 .

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the water electrolysis stack 100 includes an upper end plate 10, a lower end plate 30 and a water electrolysis tank 20. The water electrolysis tank 20 is sandwiched between the upper end plate 10 and the lower end plate 30, wherein the water electrolysis tank 20 is composed of a plurality of water electrolysis units 40, that is, a plurality of water electrolysis units 40 are stacked along the axial direction A to form the water electrolysis tank 20.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the water electrolysis unit 40 includes a support plate 41, a bipolar plate 42 and a sealing gasket 43. Figure 2 The upper end surface 411 and the lower end surface 412 defined in Figure 1 The axial direction A shown in FIG.

[0030] The support plate 41 is provided with sealing grooves 413 at the edges of the upper end surface 411 and the lower end surface 412, and the sealing grooves 413 are continuous annular structures formed on the upper end surface 411 and the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41, so the sealing grooves 413 respectively surround the upper end surface 411 and the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41 to form annular sealing areas.

[0031] The water electrolysis unit 40 is provided with a catalyst coating membrane 44, namely CCM, in the sealing area surrounded by the sealing groove 413. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the axial direction A shown, the upper layer of the catalyst coated membrane 44 is the cathode side, and the lower layer of the catalyst coated membrane 44 is the anode side; the steel mesh 45 and the gas diffusion layer 46 are both located on the cathode side of the catalyst coated membrane 44, that is, located above the catalyst coated membrane 44; the titanium mesh 47 and the titanium felt 48 are located on the anode side of the catalyst coated membrane 44, that is, located below the catalyst coated membrane 44.

[0032] The gas diffusion layer 46, also known as a current collector, is a porous layer sandwiched between the cathode, the anode and the bipolar plate 42. The gas diffusion layer 46 serves as a bridge connecting the bipolar plate 42 and the catalyst coated membrane 44, ensuring the transmission of gas and liquid between the bipolar plate 42 and the catalyst coated membrane 44 and providing effective electron conduction.

[0033] At the anode, liquid water is conducted to the catalyst coated membrane 44 through the gas diffusion layer 46 and decomposed into oxygen, protons and electrons. The generated oxygen flows back to the bipolar plate 42 through the gas diffusion layer 46, the protons are conducted to the cathode through the proton exchange membrane, and the electrons are conducted to the anode side bipolar plate 42 through the gas diffusion layer 46 and then enter the external circuit.

[0034] At the cathode, electrons enter the cathode catalyst layer from the external circuit through the gas diffusion layer 46 and react with protons to generate hydrogen. The generated hydrogen flows to the bipolar plate 42 through the gas diffusion layer 46. Therefore, in order to ensure gas and liquid transport efficiency and conductivity, the gas diffusion layer 46 needs to have both appropriate porosity and good conductivity to ensure electron transmission efficiency.

[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the sealing gasket 43 is installed in the sealing groove 413. Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, when the sealing gasket 43 is installed in the sealing groove 413, the upper portion of the sealing groove 413 located on the upper end surface 411 of the support plate 41 protrudes from the upper end surface 411 of the support plate 41, and at the same time, the lower portion of the sealing groove 413 located on the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41 also protrudes from the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41.

[0036] The bipolar plate 42 includes two plates, which are respectively installed on the upper end surface 411 and the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41. After the sealing gasket 43 is installed in the sealing groove 413 of the support plate 41, the two plates of the bipolar plate 42 are respectively installed on the upper end surface 411 and the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41, and are sealed and crimped with the sealing gasket 43. The support plate 41, the bipolar plate 42 and the sealing gasket 43 surround a sealing area.

[0037] The bipolar plate 42 is not only a supporting component for the steel mesh 45 and the gas diffusion layer 46, but also an important channel for collecting gases (e.g., hydrogen and oxygen) and conducting electrons. The bipolar plates 42 on both sides of the cathode and anode collect hydrogen generated by the cathode and oxygen generated by the anode, respectively, and output them.

[0038] The bipolar plate 42 needs to have high mechanical stability, chemical stability and low hydrogen permeability. The electrons generated by the anode enter the external circuit through the anode plate and then enter the cathode catalyst layer through the cathode plate. Therefore, the bipolar plate 42 also needs to have high electrical conductivity.

[0039] Among them, in this embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 8As shown, the sealing gasket 43 includes a rubber layer 431 and a sandwich cloth 432, wherein the rubber layer 431 is wrapped around the outside of the sandwich cloth 432. The sandwich cloth 432 supports the framework of the sealing gasket 43.

[0040] The cloth 432 can be made of textile felt, and the size of the cloth 432 in the circumferential direction and radial direction is not easy to change, especially not easy to shrink. When the sealing gasket 43 is vulcanized from the mold, the cloth 432 can limit the size shrinkage and deformation of the sealing gasket 43, so that the size of the sealing gasket 43 matches the size of the sealing groove 413.

[0041] In addition, the sandwich cloth 432 is Figure 2 The axial direction A shown can flexibly fluctuate, so the sealing gasket 43 can be appropriately flexibly deformed during the assembly process, so that the rubber layer 431 of the sealing gasket 43 fits better with the bipolar plate 42 to ensure the sealing performance of the sealing gasket 43.

[0042] In addition, the sandwich cloth 432 is Figure 2 The axial direction A shown has certain strength and toughness. When the bipolar plate 42 presses the sealing gasket 43, the sealing gasket 43 will produce stress concentration. The cloth 432 made of textile felt can make the sealing gasket 43 not easily compressed. The cloth 432 can be used as a reinforcing material to prevent the sealing gasket 43 from twisting during the assembly process, and the sealing performance is more stable.

[0043] The sealing gasket 43 made of the cloth 432 as a reinforcing material is not too soft and is easy to assemble. At the same time, it can also prevent the rubber layer 431 outside the cloth 432 from being adhered to the sealing groove 413 of the bipolar plate 42 or the support plate 41 after being squeezed multiple times, which is conducive to flexible replacement of the sealing gasket 43.

[0044] In some embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, the sandwich cloth 432 is a flat ring structure made of fabric, and the sandwich cloth 432 also includes an upper side and a lower side, and the rubber layer 431 is attached to the upper side of the sandwich cloth 432 through a vulcanization process. When the sealing gasket 43 is squeezed, the flat sandwich cloth 432 can withstand greater stress from the axial direction A, is not easy to deform and shrink, and thus provides a good support force for the sealing gasket 43.

[0045] In some other embodiments, the rubber layer 431 may also be attached to the lower side of the sandwich cloth 432 through a vulcanization process, thereby forming a double-sided seal and improving the sealing performance of the sealing gasket 43 .

[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, along the cross-sectional direction of the sealing gasket 43 (ie Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the radial direction R shown in the figure, the sealing gasket 43 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 433 arranged at intervals, wherein the protrusions 433 protrude from the upper end surface 411 and the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41 for sealing and crimping with the bipolar plate 42.

[0047] The protrusion 433 also extends along the circumference of the sealing gasket 43 to form an annular structure. The sealing gasket 43 has multiple and spaced protrusions 433 arranged along the cross-sectional direction, which can form a multi-circle annular protrusion 433 structure, thereby forming layered sealing along the radial direction R, and having a better sealing effect on the internal area surrounded by the sealing gasket 43.

[0048] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the upper side of the sandwich cloth 432 is provided with a protrusion 433. Figure 3 As shown, the upper side and the lower side of the cloth 432 are both provided with protrusions 433, and the protrusions 433 are symmetrically arranged relative to the cloth 432. The upper side and the lower side of the cloth 432 can also be provided with a plurality of annular protrusions 433, so that a layer-by-layer seal can be formed, and a better sealing effect can be formed for the internal area surrounded by the sealing gasket 43.

[0049] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the protrusion 433 is any one of a triangle, a square or a trapezoid, and the cross-section of the protrusion 433 can also be any one of the shapes. Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the protrusion 433 is triangular in shape. When the bipolar plate 42 presses the sealing gasket 43, the rubber layer 431 of the sealing gasket 43 can be more easily squeezed and deformed, thereby achieving a better sealing effect. In addition, the triangular protrusion 433 can reduce the contact area with the bipolar plate 42 and the sealing groove 413, thereby avoiding mutual adhesion between the rubber layer 431 of the sealing gasket 43 and the bipolar plate 42 or the bottom wall of the sealing groove 413.

[0050] In this embodiment, if Figure 8 As shown, the protrusion 433 may include an outer ring protrusion 434 and an inner ring protrusion 435. The outer ring protrusion 434 and the inner ring protrusion 435 may both be complete annular structures, and the inner ring protrusion 435 is located on the inner side of the outer ring protrusion 434. The cross-sections of the outer ring protrusion 434 and the inner ring protrusion 435 may both be triangular, and the outer ring protrusion 434 is inclined toward the direction of the inner ring protrusion 435, that is, the outer ring protrusion 434 is inclined toward the direction of the sealing area surrounded to form an annular shape.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, Figure 8As shown, the outer wall 4341 of the outer ring protrusion 434 is inclined, and the inner wall 4342 of the outer ring protrusion 434 is vertical. Therefore, the cross section of the outer ring protrusion 434 is approximately a right triangle. When the bipolar plate 42 squeezes the outer ring protrusion 434 of the sealing gasket 43, the uppermost end of the outer ring protrusion 434 located on the upper end surface 411 of the support plate 41 is easy to bend toward the inner wall 4342 of the outer ring protrusion 434, and the vertical inner wall 4342 can effectively prevent the gas or water inside the inner wall 4342 of the outer ring protrusion 434 from overflowing, thereby forming a better sealing effect.

[0052] In such Figure 8 As shown, the outer wall 4351 and the inner wall 4352 of the inner ring protrusion 435 are both inclined. Therefore, when the bipolar plate 42 presses the sealing gasket 43, the inner ring protrusion 435 is inclined along the inner ring protrusion 435. Figure 8 The deformation in the radial direction R is shown to be symmetrical to form a better sealing performance.

[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the support plate 41 is provided with a manifold hole 414 which passes through from top to bottom, and the sealing gasket 43 is formed with a ring structure adapted to the manifold hole 414 .

[0054] Specifically, Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the sealing groove 413 forms a manifold hole groove ring 4131 around the manifold hole 414, wherein, as shown in FIG. Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the sealing gasket 43 has a sealing ring portion 436 that matches the manifold hole groove ring 4131. The sealing ring portion 436 is arranged around the edge of the ring structure to surround the manifold hole 414 and seal the edge of the manifold hole 414, thereby preventing hydrogen and water generated by the cathode, or oxygen generated by the anode from leaking into the non-corresponding manifold hole 414.

[0055] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the sealing ring portion 436 is also convex and is sandwiched between the outer ring protrusion 434 and the inner ring protrusion 435. It can be seen that the sealing gasket 43 also forms a double-layer seal at the manifold hole 414, thereby forming a better sealing effect on the manifold hole 414.

[0056] In some embodiments, the support plate 41 is square, and each of the four sides of the support plate 41 is provided with a manifold hole 414, that is, the support plate 41 is provided with four manifold holes 414, and correspondingly, the bipolar plate 42 is also provided with a manifold hole 414 at a position corresponding to the manifold hole 414 of the support plate 41, so that when a plurality of water electrolysis units 40 are stacked along the axial direction A, the manifold holes 414 of the plurality of water electrolysis units 40 are aligned to form a chimney-like pipe for transporting hydrogen, water or oxygen, etc.

[0057] The sealing groove 413 forms two opposite manifold hole groove rings 4131 around the two opposite manifold holes 414, wherein the two manifold hole groove rings 4131 located on the upper end surface 411 of the support plate 41 and the two manifold hole groove rings 4131 located on the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41 are arranged at 90 degrees (such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown).

[0058] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the upper end surface 411 of the support plate 41 is only provided with two manifold hole groove rings 4131, and the two manifold hole groove rings 4131 correspond to two opposite manifold holes 414 respectively. At this time, the structure of the sealing gasket 43 is as follows Figures 4 to 8 shown.

[0059] Similarly, if Figure 5 As shown, only two manifold hole groove rings 4131 are provided on the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41, and the two manifold hole groove rings 4131 correspond to two opposite manifold holes 414. The manifold holes 414 provided with the manifold hole groove rings 4131 on the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41 and the manifold holes 414 provided with the manifold hole groove rings 4131 on the upper end surface 411 are arranged crosswise, i.e., at 90°.

[0060] Therefore, the hydrogen and water generated by the cathode located on the upper end surface 411 of the support plate 41 can be Figure 4 The two manifold holes 414 shown are discharged and collected, while the oxygen produced by the anode located at the lower end surface 412 of the support plate 41 can be discharged from Figure 5 Two manifold holes 414 are shown draining and being collected.

[0061] Based on the same inventive concept, the present disclosure further provides an electrochemical unit 100, wherein the electrochemical unit 100 may be applied to a water electrolysis stack or a fuel cell, wherein the description of the electrochemical unit 100 has been described in detail in the relevant embodiment of the water electrolysis unit 40, and will not be repeated here.

[0062] It is to be understood that in the present disclosure, "plurality" refers to two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. The singular forms "a", "the" and "the" are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0063] It is further understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to describe various structures, but these structures should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish structures of the same type from each other, and do not indicate a specific order or importance. In fact, the expressions "first", "second", etc. can be used interchangeably. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, a first structure can also be referred to as a second structure, and similarly, a second structure can also be referred to as a first structure.

[0064] It will be further understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “front”, “back”, “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present disclosure, which follows the general principles of the present disclosure and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the following scope of rights.

[0066] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sealing gasket (43), characterized in that: Applied to a water electrolysis unit or a fuel cell unit, the sealing gasket (43) comprises a rubber layer (431) and a sandwich cloth (432), the sandwich cloth is a flat ring structure, and the rubber layer (431) is wrapped around the outside of the sandwich cloth (432).

2. The sealing gasket (43) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sandwich cloth (432) is made of fabric, and comprises an upper side and a lower side. The rubber layer (431) is attached to the upper side and the lower side of the sandwich cloth (432) through a vulcanization process.

3. The sealing gasket (43) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber layer (431) is provided with protrusions (433), and the protrusions (433) are located on the upper side and the lower side of the sandwich cloth (432), and the protrusions (433) are symmetrically arranged relative to the sandwich cloth (432).

4. The sealing gasket (43) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing gasket (43) comprises an outer ring protrusion (434) and an inner ring protrusion (435), and the inner ring protrusion (435) is located on the inner side of the outer ring protrusion (434).

5. The sealing gasket (43) according to claim 4, characterized in that The cross-sections of the outer ring protrusion (434) and the inner ring protrusion (435) are triangular and are inclined toward the inner ring protrusion (435).

6. The sealing gasket (43) according to claim 4, characterized in that The sealing gasket (43) is formed with a ring structure adapted to the manifold hole, and the sealing gasket (43) is provided with a sealing ring portion (436) for sealing the manifold hole at the edge of the ring structure. The sealing ring portion (436) is in a convex shape and is sandwiched between the outer ring protrusion (434) and the inner ring protrusion (435).

7. The sealing gasket (43) according to claim 3, characterized in that The cross section of the protrusion (433) is one of a triangle, a square or a trapezoid.

8. An electrochemical cell for water electrolysis or a fuel cell, characterized in that: include: A support plate (41), wherein the support plate (41) is provided with a square ring-shaped sealing groove (413) at the edges of the upper end surface (411) and the lower end surface (412); A sealing gasket (43) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, mounted in the sealing groove (413); and The bipolar plate (42) is arranged on the upper end surface (411) and the lower end surface (412) of the support plate (41), The sealing gasket (43) comprises a protrusion (433), and the protrusion (433) protrudes from the upper end surface (411) and the lower end surface (412) of the support plate (41) in a natural state, and is used for sealing and crimping with the bipolar plate (42).

9. The electrochemical cell according to claim 8, characterized in that The support plate (41) is provided with a manifold hole (414) extending vertically therethrough, and the sealing groove (413) forms a manifold hole groove ring (4131) around the manifold hole (414). Wherein, the sealing gasket (43) has a sealing ring portion (436) adapted to the manifold hole groove ring (4131).

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