Fastener impact failure testing machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fastener impact failure testing machine, which is characterized in that long I-shaped frames are symmetrically mounted on two sides of a base through bolts, second bearing seats are mounted at the top ends of the long I-shaped frames, short I-shaped frames are symmetrically mounted on the base on the inner sides of the two long I-shaped frames through bolts, and first bearing seats are fixedly mounted on the short I-shaped frames; a large balancing weight and a small balancing weight are fixedly installed in the middle of the upper portion of the connecting plate through threaded rods, a square-frame-shaped support is installed on the cushion block, and an annular pressure sensor and a bolt base are placed on the support. A bolt to be tested sequentially penetrates through the bolt seat, the annular pressure sensor, the support and the center hole of the clamping plate from top to bottom and is connected with a nut to be tested. And real simulation of the impact load on the fastener in engineering practice is realized. And the device is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and stable and reliable in operation, can be widely applied to detection of various mechanical engineering equipment fasteners, and provides a safe and reliable basis for enterprise products and engineering construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to fastener performance testing equipment, in particular to a fastener impact failure testing machine. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing and maintenance of large-scale mechanical equipment, if the size of a single part is too large, it will be expensive, difficult to process, and difficult to assemble. If a small part of a large part is damaged, the entire large part needs to be replaced, which is not only time-consuming but also causes serious economic losses. Dividing a large part into several small parts for manufacturing and then connecting them with fasteners can achieve the same effect as large parts, but at a low cost. If a small part is damaged, only the damaged small part needs to be replaced. Therefore, fasteners are widely used in the mechanical field, but the introduction of fasteners also brings about the problem of fastener failure. Fastener failure will not only affect the normal operation and use of the equipment, but may also cause serious safety accidents in severe cases. Therefore, the reliability of fasteners is critical to the safe and stable operation of various mechanical equipment.

[0003] In response to the failure of fasteners, researchers at home and abroad have carried out a large number of theoretical, experimental and finite element simulation studies. Fastener failure research methods can be roughly divided into three categories: theoretical derivation, simulation, and experimental research. Among them, experimental testing is the most intuitive and convincing. Researchers have developed some testing machines around fastener failure, and through experimental research, they have provided effective guidance for the fatigue resistance design and anti-loosening design of fastener connection structures. However, there is still a great lack of instruments and equipment for fastener failure testing on the market, especially fastener failure testing machines under impact loads. Therefore, the design and development of new fastener failure testing equipment has important engineering application value. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a fastener impact failure testing machine, which can be effectively used for fastener failure research under impact load, simulate the impact load state of fasteners in actual engineering, and provide fastener load detection results more accurately, providing a safe and reliable basis for engineering construction and enterprise production.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved in this way. A fastener impact failure testing machine comprises a base, long I-shaped frames are symmetrically installed on both sides of the base by bolts, a second bearing seat is installed on the top of the long I-shaped frame, a sprocket shaft is installed between the second bearing seats, and a third large sprocket is installed on the sprocket shaft; a motor seat is fixedly installed on the base located on the outside between the two long I-shaped frames by bolts, a reduction motor is fixedly installed on one side of the motor seat through the motor seat, a short I-shaped frame is symmetrically installed on the base on the inner side of the two long I-shaped frames by bolts, a first bearing seat is fixedly installed on the short I-shaped frame, a rotating shaft is installed between the first bearing seats, a first large sprocket and a second large sprocket are installed on the rotating shaft, and the first large sprocket is connected to the small sprocket at the shaft end of the reduction motor through a short chain; the second large sprocket is connected to the third large sprocket through a long chain, and a chain outer convex plate is installed on the long chain, and the chain outer convex plate is in a triangular shape, one of the long corners of which protrudes from the outside of the long chain and corresponds to the lower inside of the opposite connecting plate; the second I-shaped frame connected to the long I-shaped frame A connecting rod is fixedly installed on the connecting foot at the inner end of the bearing seat, and the upper end of the connecting rod is connected to a rectangular frame, and a rectangular hole is arranged in the frame. The two inner sides of the rectangular hole are fixedly connected to the top of the guide column by U-shaped bolts; the guide column passes through the connecting plate with cover plates at both ends and the linear bearing installed below in turn, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the base through a "Z"-shaped guide column seat; a large counterweight block and a small counterweight block are fixedly installed in the middle position above the connecting plate through a threaded rod, and an impact head is arranged in the middle position below the connecting plate; a square frame-shaped pad is installed on the base between the two "Z"-shaped guide column seats, and a square frame-shaped support is installed on the pad, and an annular pressure sensor and a bolt seat are placed on the support, and a U-shaped plate is clamped outside the annular pressure sensor and the bolt seat, and the U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the clamping plate of the inner frame of the support by screws; the bolt to be measured passes through the center hole of the bolt seat, the annular pressure sensor, the support and the clamping plate in turn from top to bottom and is connected to the nut to be measured.

[0006] Further, the impact head corresponds to the center of the U-shaped plate.

[0007] Furthermore, chain outer convex plates are installed on both outer sides of the long chain.

[0008] The utility model is used for the impact failure research of fasteners, and can adjust the impact load size and frequency of fasteners, realizing the real simulation of the impact load on fasteners in actual engineering. It has simple structure, low manufacturing cost, stable and reliable operation, and can be widely used in the detection of fasteners of various mechanical engineering equipment in enterprise products and engineering construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0010] Figure 2 It is a right-side three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0011] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal installation structure between the U-shaped plate 8 and the clamping plate 9 in the utility model;

[0012] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the state in which the outer convex plate 7 of the middle chain of the utility model lifts the lower part of the connecting plate 5;

[0013] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model in which the outer convex plate 7 of the middle chain and the connecting plate 5 are separated;

[0014] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the medium and long I-shaped frame 21 of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the short I-shaped frame 29 of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the medium and long chain 35 and the chain outer convex plate 7 of the utility model;

[0017] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the "Z"-shaped guide column seat 13 in the utility model;

[0018] In the figure: 1-U-shaped bolt, 2-threaded rod, 3-small counterweight, 4-large counterweight, 5-connecting plate, 6-impact head, 7-chain outer convex plate, 8-U-shaped plate, 9-clamping plate, 10-support, 11-pad, 12-base, 13-"Z"-shaped guide column seat, 14-frame, 15-third large sprocket, 16-connecting rod, 17-sprocket shaft, 18-second bearing seat, 19-cover plate, 20-linear bearing, 21-long I-shaped frame, 22-guide column, 23-bolt seat, 24-annular pressure sensor, 25-first large sprocket, 26-second large sprocket, 27-reduction motor, 28-small sprocket, 29-short I-shaped frame, 30-motor seat, 31-measured bolt, 32-measured nut, 33-screw, 34-first bearing seat, 35-long chain, 36-short chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Figures 1 to 9 , a fastener impact failure tester (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown), it includes a base 12, and long I-shaped frames 21 (as shown) are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the base 12 by bolts. Figure 6As shown in the figure, a second bearing seat 18 is installed on the top of the long I-shaped frame 21, a sprocket shaft 17 is installed between the second bearing seats 18, and a third large sprocket 15 is installed on the sprocket shaft 17; a motor seat 30 is fixedly installed on the base 12 outside between the two long I-shaped frames 21 by bolts, and a reduction motor 27 is fixedly installed on one side of the motor seat 30 through the motor seat 30, and a short I-shaped frame 29 (as shown in the figure) is symmetrically installed on the base 12 inside the two long I-shaped frames 21 by bolts Figure 7 As shown in the figure, a first bearing seat 34 is fixedly mounted on the short I-shaped frame 29, a rotating shaft is installed between the first bearing seats 34, a first large sprocket 25 and a second large sprocket 26 are mounted on the rotating shaft, the first large sprocket 25 is connected to the small sprocket 28 at the shaft end of the reduction motor 27 through a short chain 36; the second large sprocket 26 is connected to the third large sprocket 15 through a long chain 35, and a chain outer convex plate 7 is installed on the long chain 35, and the chain outer convex plate 7 is installed on both outer sides of the long chain 35 (as shown in the figure). Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 1 ), the outer chain convex plate 7 is triangular in shape, one of the long corners of which protrudes from the outside of the long chain 35 and corresponds to the lower inside of the opposite connecting plate 5 (as shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 4 The connecting foot of the inner end of the second bearing seat 18 connected to the long work-shaped frame 21 is fixedly provided with a connecting rod 16, and the upper end of the connecting rod 16 is connected to a rectangular frame 14, and a rectangular hole is provided in the frame 14. The inner sides of the rectangular hole are fixedly connected to the top of the guide column 22 by U-shaped bolts 1; the guide column 22 passes through the connecting plate 5 with cover plates 19 at both ends and the linear bearing 20 installed below in sequence, and its bottom end passes through the "Z"-shaped guide column seat 13 (as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown) is fixedly connected to the base 12; a large counterweight 4 and a small counterweight 3 are fixedly installed in the middle position on the connecting plate 5 through a threaded rod 2, and an impact head 6 is provided in the middle position below the connecting plate 5, and the impact head 6 corresponds to the center of the U-shaped plate 8; a square frame-shaped cushion block 11 is installed on the base 12 between the two "Z"-shaped guide column seats 13, and a square frame-shaped support 10 is installed on the cushion block 11, and an annular pressure sensor 24 and a bolt seat 23 are placed on the support 10, and the annular pressure sensor 24 and the bolt seat 23 are externally clamped with a U-shaped plate 8, and the U-shaped plate 8 is fixedly connected to the clamping plate 9 of the inner frame of the support 10 by screws 33 (as shown Figure 3 As shown); the bolt 31 to be tested passes through the bolt seat 23, the annular pressure sensor 24, the support 10 and the center hole of the clamping plate 9 from top to bottom and is connected to the nut 32 to be tested. A square-shaped cushion block 11 is installed on the base 12 between the two "Z"-shaped guide column seats 13, and the support 10 on which the annular pressure sensor 24 is placed is placed on the cushion block 11. The bolt seat 23 is arranged on the annular pressure sensor 24. The U-shaped plate 8 and the clamping plate 9 are fixedly installed on the upper frame of the square-shaped support 10 by screws 33; the center position of the annular pressure sensor 24 and the bolt seat 23 is connected to the support 10 by the bolt 31 to be tested and the nut 32 to be tested.

[0020] The rated power of the reduction motor 27 in the utility model is 250 watts, and a corresponding speed regulator is configured. The model of the annular pressure sensor 24 is RDF-K108.

[0021] Embodiment: The following takes the impact failure test of threaded fasteners as an example to describe the specific method of the utility model:

[0022] 1) Select nine bolts 31 and nuts 32 produced in the same batch and divide them into three groups, with three nuts in each group. The first group has flat washers, the second group has spring washers, and the third group has no washers. The bolts are ordinary bolts with 1 bolt thread, a nominal diameter of 10 mm, a pitch of 1.5 mm, and a screw length of 50 mm.

[0023] 2) Use ropes to lift the connecting plate 5, install a cushion block 11 with a height of 200 mm, install the support 10, transmit the data of the annular pressure sensor 24 to the force measurement display control instrument (model RDD-DH RS485) through the data line, and then transmit it to the computer, zero the annular pressure sensor 24, and prepare for data collection;

[0024] 3) According to the size of the bolt 31 to be tested, select the bolt seat 23 and the clamping plate 9 with a round hole size of 11 mm, then install the bolt 31 to be tested and the nut 32 to be tested, observe the preload value on the force measuring display control instrument, and slowly tighten the bolt 31 to be tested until the force measuring display control instrument shows that the preload reaches 12 kN, and then install the U-shaped plate 8;

[0025] 4) Untie the rope and lower the connecting plate 5. According to the impact load required for the test, install six large counterweights 4 and one small counterweight 3 on the threaded rod 2 in series, and use a wrench to tighten the nut to lock the counterweight;

[0026] 5) The reduction motor 27 uses a three-phase asynchronous motor, and the speed is controlled by a speed regulator. The gear reducer is integrated at the end of the power output shaft of the reduction motor 27, which can greatly increase the torque output by the reduction motor 27. The reduction motor 27 is set to 50r / min, and the impact frequency is calculated to be 19 times per minute based on the number of sprocket teeth;

[0027] 6) Click the computer to start recording the curve of residual preload changing with time, and start the reduction motor 27. The chain outer convex plate 7 drives the connecting plate 5 to move upward. Shortly after the chain outer convex plate 7 moves to the third largest sprocket 15, the chain outer convex plate 7 separates from the connecting plate 5 (such as Figure 5 As shown), the connecting plate 5 falls freely, and the impact head 6 hits the U-shaped plate 8. Under the repeated impact, the residual preload force decreases continuously. When the residual preload force is less than a certain value, click on the computer to stop data acquisition, save the curve of the residual preload force changing with time, turn off the reduction motor 27, and complete the test.

[0028] The anti-loosening effect of different anti-loosening gaskets can be obtained by the residual preload force variation curve over time obtained through the above analysis test.

[0029] Through actual tests and applications, the utility model adjusts the impact load size and frequency of fasteners during use, thereby ensuring the safe use of metal connectors such as bolts, pins, rivets, etc. in mechanical engineering, achieving 100% reliability and greatly improving the accuracy of the test.

Claims

1. A fastener impact failure testing machine, comprising a base (12), characterized in that: Long work-shaped frames (21) are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the base (12) by bolts, a second bearing seat (18) is mounted on the top of the long work-shaped frame (21), a sprocket shaft (17) is mounted between the second bearing seats (18), and a third large sprocket (15) is mounted on the sprocket shaft (17); a motor seat (30) is fixedly mounted on the base (12) located outside between the two long work-shaped frames (21) by bolts, a reduction motor (27) is fixedly mounted on one side of the motor seat (30) by the motor seat (30), and a short work-shaped frame (29) is symmetrically mounted on the base (12) inside the two long work-shaped frames (21) by bolts, and a first large sprocket (15) is fixedly mounted on the short work-shaped frame (29). A bearing seat (34), a rotating shaft is installed between the first bearing seat (34), and a first large sprocket (25) and a second large sprocket (26) are installed on the rotating shaft. The first large sprocket (25) is connected to the small sprocket (28) at the shaft end of the reduction motor (27) through a short chain (36); the second large sprocket (26) is connected to the third large sprocket (15) through a long chain (35), and the long chain (35) is installed with a chain outer convex plate (7), which is triangular in shape, and one of its long corners protrudes from the outside of the long chain (35) and corresponds to the lower inside of the opposite connecting plate (5); the second bearing seat (18) connected to the long work-shaped frame (21) is fixed on the connecting foot at the inner end thereof A connecting rod (16) is fixedly installed, the upper end of the connecting rod (16) is connected to a rectangular frame (14), a rectangular hole is arranged in the frame (14), and the two inner sides of the rectangular hole are fixedly connected to the top of the guide column (22) through U-shaped bolts (1); the guide column (22) passes through a connecting plate (5) with cover plates (19) at both ends and a linear bearing (20) installed below, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the base (12) through a "Z"-shaped guide column seat (13); a large counterweight block (4) and a small counterweight block (3) are fixedly installed in the middle position above the connecting plate (5) through a threaded rod (2), and an impact head (6) is arranged in the middle position below the connecting plate (5); the two "Z"-shaped guide column seats (13) are fixedly installed in the middle position above the connecting plate (5) through a threaded rod (2), and an impact head (6) is arranged in the middle position below the connecting plate (5); A square-shaped cushion block (11) is installed on the base (12) between the two guide pillar seats (13) and the two guide pillar seats (13). A square-shaped support (10) is installed on the cushion block (11). An annular pressure sensor (24) and a bolt seat (23) are placed on the support (10). A U-shaped plate (8) is clamped outside the annular pressure sensor (24) and the bolt seat (23). The U-shaped plate (8) is fixedly connected to a clamping plate (9) of an inner frame of the support (10) by means of screws (33). The bolt (31) to be tested passes through the central holes of the bolt seat (23), the annular pressure sensor (24), the support (10) and the clamping plate (9) in sequence from top to bottom and is connected to the nut (32) to be tested.

2. The fastener impact failure testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact head (6) corresponds to the center of the U-shaped plate (8).

3. The fastener impact failure testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Chain outer convex plates (7) are installed on both outer sides of the long chain (35).

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