Appearance detection equipment based on brake disc dust cover

Abstract

The invention discloses appearance detection equipment based on a brake disc dust cover, and relates to the technical field of appearance detection of dust covers, and the appearance detection equipment comprises a detection table, a positioning assembly, an adjusting assembly and a dynamic detection assembly. The vibration load of the dust cover under different road conditions is simulated, then the current of the electromagnet is adjusted to control the detection head to rapidly move downwards, the impact head impacts the dust cover to simulate the instantaneous impact under the scenes of stone splashing, road surface protrusion and the like, and finally the current of the electromagnet is adjusted to control the detection head to stably move downwards. Negative pressure adsorption is formed on the surface of the dust cover through the adsorption holes in cooperation with the electric two-way air pump, continuous pulling force is generated on the surface of the dust cover, the non-deformability of the dust cover under the tensile load is simulated, and three dynamic working conditions of vibration, impact and pulling are sequentially simulated on the dust cover through the dynamic detection assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of appearance detection of dust covers, and more specifically, to an appearance detection device for a brake disc dust cover. Background Art

[0002] The brake disc dust cover, also known as the brake caliper dust cover, is an important component in the automotive braking system. Its main function is to protect the moving parts between the brake caliper and the brake disc from dust, dirt, moisture, and other contaminants. The appearance of the brake disc dust cover needs to be inspected and evaluated to identify whether there are defects such as cracks, breakages, deformations, or other problems that may affect its normal function. Usually, technologies such as high-resolution cameras, light sources, and image processing software are used to accurately capture and analyze the appearance of the dust cover. Modern manufacturing enterprises comprehensively detect its appearance and performance efficiently and accurately to ensure the quality of the brake disc dust cover and guarantee driving safety.

[0003] The existing appearance detection devices for dust covers obtain the image information of the brake disc dust cover through high-resolution cameras or cameras, and then use computer image processing technology to analyze and process the images, extract the characteristics of the dust cover, such as shape, size, surface defects, etc., and finally compare them with the preset standard images or parameters to determine whether the appearance of the dust cover is qualified. The detection speed is fast, and a large number of dust covers can be detected in a short time; and it is a non-contact detection, which will not damage the dust cover; it can achieve automatic detection, improving the detection efficiency and consistency.

[0004] In the actual use process of the existing technology, since the existing brake disc dust covers generally adopt the method of static camera scanning detection, during the detection process, the dust cover is in a static state. However, the dust cover needs to withstand dynamic loads such as high-frequency vibrations caused by road surface bumps, instantaneous impacts of flying stones, and long-term tensile stresses of installation components during vehicle driving. Static detection can only detect visible static defects on the surface and cannot detect hidden problems that will only appear under dynamic conditions. Therefore, in view of the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide an appearance detection device for a brake disc dust cover. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an appearance detection device for a brake disc dust cover to solve the above problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention is as follows: An appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover, comprising a detection table, a positioning assembly, an adjustment assembly and a dynamic detection assembly. The dust cover is placed on the upper surface of the detection table. The positioning assembly includes a positioning seat fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the detection table. A central female seat is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower surface of the positioning seat. A plurality of edge male seats are evenly and fixedly connected to the periphery of the upper surface of the positioning seat. A circular groove is formed in the middle of the inner cavity of the positioning seat. A plurality of air outlet holes are evenly formed on the outer surface of the positioning seat and communicated with the circular groove. The adjustment assembly includes a gear ring rotatably connected to the upper surface of the detection table. A matching gear is meshed with the outer surface of the gear ring. A support rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the gear ring. The upper end of the support rod is fixedly connected with a top plate. A detection camera is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate. A fixed frame is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate. A rotating member is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed frame through a shaft. The dynamic detection assembly includes an electromagnet fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating member. A sleeve is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the electromagnet. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the sleeve. A magnetic block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding rod. A detection head is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding rod. A sliding groove is formed on the lower surface of the detection head and a striking head is slidably connected thereto. A piston is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the striking head. An annular groove is formed in the inner cavity of the detection head. A plurality of adsorption grooves are evenly formed on the lower surface of the detection head and communicated with the annular groove. Two flow channels are formed in the inner cavity of the detection head, and the two flow channels are respectively communicated with the sliding groove on the lower surface of the detection head and the annular groove.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, a plurality of support legs are evenly and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection table. A central hole and side holes are formed in the dust cover and are respectively inserted and connected with the central female seat and the edge male seats. The lower surface of the dust cover abuts against the upper surface of the positioning seat.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the inner cavity of the central female seat. A plug rod is fixedly connected to one end of the electric push rod. A jack is formed at a position corresponding to the plug rod on the outer surface of the edge male seat, and the plug rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the jack.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, a hot air blower is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection table. The output end of the hot air blower is communicated with a hot air pipe, and the other end of the hot air pipe penetrates through the detection table and is communicated with the circular groove.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a driving motor I is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection table. The output shaft end of the driving motor I penetrates through the detection table and is fixedly connected with the gear.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a driving motor II is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame. The output shaft end of the driving motor II is fixedly connected with the shaft end of the rotating member.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a first compression spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the magnetic block, the upper end of the first compression spring is fixedly connected to the electromagnet, a piston is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the impact head, and a second compression spring is fixedly connected between the upper end of the piston and the top of the inner cavity of the detection head.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a rubber pad is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection head. A circular hole with the same diameter as the impact head is provided at the middle position of the rubber pad. A plurality of adsorption holes are evenly provided on the periphery of the rubber pad and communicate with the adsorption groove. The adsorption holes are trumpet-shaped circular holes.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, an electric double-acting air pump is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the sleeve. The output end of the electric double-acting air pump is communicated with a main pipe, and the other end of the main pipe is communicated with two branch pipes through a three-way joint.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the other ends of the two branch pipes are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the detection head and communicate with two flow channels. Valves are installed on the branch pipes.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: (1) In this solution, the preliminary positioning is completed by sleeving the dust-proof cover on the central mother seat and the edge sub-seat. Then, the electric push rod in the inner cavity of the central mother seat is started to push the insertion rod to move and insert into the insertion hole on the edge sub-seat, further locking the dust-proof cover to prevent it from shifting due to vibration or impact during the detection process, simulating its actual installation state in the automotive braking system. By starting the hot air blower, hot air is conveyed into the circular groove of the positioning seat through the hot air pipe, and the hot air blows towards the dust-proof cover through the uniformly distributed air outlet holes, increasing the surface temperature of the dust-proof cover and simulating the high-temperature environment during braking.

[0017] (2) In this solution, the driving motor one drives the gear to rotate, driving the gear ring and the support rod to move, so that the detection camera rotates around the dust-proof cover and shoots its surface from multiple angles. The detection camera combines a high-precision light source and an image processing algorithm to perform a 360° non-blind spot shooting on static defects such as the outer edge, hole positions, and surface scratches of the dust-proof cover, and the image data is transmitted to the background analysis system in real time to complete the preliminary detection of the static appearance.

[0018] (3) In this solution, the energization frequency and current amplitude of the electromagnet are adjusted to control the detection head to reciprocally impact the surface of the dust cover at a set frequency, simulating the vibration load of the dust cover under different road conditions, detecting dynamic defects such as surface cracks and loose connections under high-frequency vibration. Then, the current of the electromagnet is adjusted to control the detection head to rapidly move downward to achieve a high-speed impact. The electric double-directional air pump is used to push the piston and the impact head downward. The impact head impacts the dust cover to simulate instantaneous impacts in scenarios such as flying stones and road bumps, detecting the impact resistance performance of the dust cover. Finally, the current of the electromagnet is adjusted to control the detection head to move downward smoothly. At this time, the rubber pad abuts against the outer surface of the dust cover, and together with the electric double-directional air pump, a negative pressure adsorption is formed with the surface of the dust cover through the adsorption holes, generating a continuous pulling force on the surface of the dust cover to simulate the anti-deformation ability of the dust cover under tensile load. By sequentially simulating three dynamic working conditions of vibration, impact, and pulling on the dust cover through the dynamic detection component, the comprehensive detection of the appearance and performance of the brake disc dust cover under complex working conditions is realized. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention seen from below; Figure 3 is the semi-sectional internal structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is of the present invention Figure 3 - enlarged structural schematic diagram at position A; Figure 5 is the structural disassembly schematic diagram of the positioning component of the present invention; Figure 6 is the structural sectional schematic diagram of the positioning component of the present invention; Figure 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the dynamic detection component of the present invention; Figure 8 is the structural disassembly schematic diagram of the dynamic detection component of the present invention; Figure 9 is the structural sectional schematic diagram of the detection head of the present invention.

[0020] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figures: 1. Detection table; 101. Support leg; 2. Positioning component; 201. Positioning seat; 202. Central mother seat; 203. Edge sub-seat; 204. Electric push rod; 205. Insert rod; 206. Insert hole; 207. Circular groove; 208. Air outlet hole; 209. Hot air blower; 210. Hot air duct; 3. Dust-proof cover; 4. Adjustment component; 401. Driving motor 1; 402. Gear; 403. Gear ring; 404. Support rod; 405. Top plate; 406. Detection camera; 407. Fixed frame; 408. Rotating part; 409. Driving motor 2; 5. Dynamic detection component; 501. Electromagnet; 502. Sleeve; 503. Slide rod; 5031. Magnetic block; 504. Compression spring 1; 505. Detection head; 506. Rubber pad; 507. Adsorption hole; 508. Impact head; 509. Piston; 510. Compression spring 2; 511. Annular groove; 512. Adsorption groove; 513. Flow channel; 514. Electric double-directional air pump; 515. Main pipe; 516. Branch pipe; 517. Valve. Specific implementation mode

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 And Figure 6 , an appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust-proof cover, including a detection table 1, a positioning component 2, an adjustment component 4 and a dynamic detection component 5. A dust-proof cover 3 is placed on the upper surface of the detection table 1. The positioning component 2 includes a positioning seat 201 fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the detection table 1. The middle of the lower surface of the positioning seat 201 is fixedly connected with a central mother seat 202. A plurality of edge sub-seats 203 are uniformly and fixedly connected to the periphery of the upper surface of the positioning seat 201. A circular groove 207 is opened in the middle of the inner cavity of the positioning seat 201. A plurality of air outlet holes 208 are uniformly opened on the outer surface of the positioning seat 201 and communicate with the circular groove 207.

[0023] Specifically, a plurality of support legs 101 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection table 1 in a uniform manner. The dust-proof cover 3 is provided with a central hole and side holes, which are respectively inserted and connected with the central female seat 202 and the edge male seat 203. The lower surface of the dust-proof cover 3 abuts against the upper surface of the positioning seat 201. A power push rod 204 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity side wall of the central female seat 202. One end of the power push rod 204 is fixedly connected with an insertion rod 205. A jack 206 is provided at a position corresponding to the insertion rod 205 on the outer surface of the edge male seat 203. The insertion rod 205 is inserted into the inner cavity of the jack twenty point zero six, and the dust-proof cover 3 to be tested is sleeved on the central female seat 202 and the edge male seat 203 respectively through the central hole and the side holes, so that the lower surface of the dust-proof cover 3 is in close contact with the upper surface of the positioning seat 201 to complete the preliminary positioning. Then, the power push rod in the inner cavity of the central female seat 202 is started to push the insertion rod 205 to move and insert into the jack 206 on the edge male seat 203, further locking the dust-proof cover 3 to prevent it from shifting due to vibration or impact during the detection process.

[0024] A hot air blower 209 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection table 1. The model of the hot air blower 209 can be selected as: SUNCOO 500W ceramic heating blower. The output end of the hot air blower 209 is communicated with a hot air pipe 210. The other end of the hot air pipe 210 penetrates through the detection table 1 and is communicated with the circular groove 207. To simulate its actual installation state in the automotive braking system, if it is necessary to simulate a high-temperature working condition, the hot air blower 209 is started, and hot air is conveyed into the circular groove 207 of the positioning seat 201 through the hot air pipe 210. The hot air blows towards the dust-proof cover 3 through the uniformly distributed air outlet holes 208, so that the surface temperature of the dust-proof cover increases, simulating the high-temperature environment during braking. Embodiment 2

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 , an appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust-proof cover, which adds an adjustment component 4 on the basis of Embodiment 1. The adjustment component 4 includes a gear ring 403 rotatably connected to the upper surface of the detection table 1. A matching gear 402 is engaged with the outer surface of the gear ring 403. A support rod 404 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the gear ring 403. The upper end of the support rod 404 is fixedly connected with a top plate 405. A detection camera 406 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate 405. A fixed frame 407 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate 405. A rotating member 408 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed frame 407 through a shaft.

[0026] Specifically, a drive motor 401 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the inspection platform 1, and the output shaft end of the drive motor 401 passes through the inspection platform 1 and is fixedly connected to the gear 402. A drive motor 2 409 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame 407, and the output shaft end of the drive motor 2 409 is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the rotating part 408. The drive motor 1 401 is started to drive the gear 402 to rotate, driving the ring gear 403 and the support rod 404 to move, so that the inspection camera 406 rotates around the dust cover 3 and shoots its surface from multiple angles. The inspection camera 406 combines high-precision light sources and image processing algorithms to perform 360° no-dead-angle shooting of static defects such as the outer edge, hole positions, and surface scratches of the dust cover 3. The image data is transmitted to the background analysis system in real time to complete the preliminary inspection of the static appearance.

[0027] The drive motor 401 can be of model 57HS22 stepper motor (equipped with DM542 driver), which drives the gear 402 to rotate the ring gear 403. The PLC sends a pulse signal (frequency 1-10kHz) to control the speed. The speed range is 0.5-5rpm, realizing 360° surround scanning of the detection camera 406. The camera is triggered to shoot every 15° rotation, with a total of 24 detection points.

[0028] Optional model for inspection camera 406: Basler acA2000-50gm industrial camera (5 megapixels), used for collecting images of surface defects on dust covers. Connected to an industrial computer via a GigE interface, it works with a ring-shaped LED light source (color temperature 6500K, adjustable brightness), linked to drive motor 401, and uses position-triggered shooting. It also detects scratch / hole position deviation (accuracy 0.1mm) based on the OpenCV algorithm.

[0029] The drive motor 2409 can be selected as model: 20JXK servo motor (with SD700 driver), and multiple angles can be preset. Example 3

[0030] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9, an appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover, adding a dynamic detection component 5 on the basis of Embodiment 2. The dynamic detection component 5 includes an electromagnet 501 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating member 408. The lower surface of the electromagnet 501 is fixedly connected with a sleeve 502. A sliding rod 503 is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the sleeve 502. The upper end of the sliding rod 503 is fixedly connected with a magnetic block 5031. The lower end of the sliding rod 503 is fixedly connected with a detection head 505. A chute is formed on the lower surface of the detection head 505 and a striker 508 is slidably connected thereto. The upper surface of the striker 508 is fixedly connected with a piston 509. An annular groove 511 is formed in the inner cavity of the detection head 505. A plurality of adsorption grooves 512 are uniformly formed on the lower surface of the detection head 505 and are communicated with the annular groove 511. Two flow channels 513 are formed in the inner cavity of the detection head 505. The two flow channels 513 are respectively communicated with the chute on the lower surface of the detection head 505 and the annular groove 511.

[0031] Specifically, a first compression spring 504 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the magnetic block 5031. The upper end of the first compression spring 504 is fixedly connected with the electromagnet 501. Through the dynamic detection component 5, three dynamic working conditions of vibration, impact, and pulling are sequentially simulated for the dust cover 3. When simulating the vibration state, the electromagnet 501 is powered on and off with high-frequency alternating current to generate a periodically repulsive electromagnetic force, which pushes the magnetic block 5031 to move downward and stretches the first compression spring 504. The sliding rod 503 drives the detection head 505 to move downward and impact the surface of the dust cover 3 through the rubber pad 506. When the electromagnet is powered off, the first compression spring 504 resets, driving the magnetic block 5031 and the sliding rod 503 to reset. By adjusting the power-on frequency of the electromagnet 501 to control the vibration frequency and the current amplitude to control the impact force, the detection head 505 is controlled to reciprocally impact the surface of the dust cover 3 at a set frequency, simulating the vibration load of the dust cover 3 under different road conditions, and detecting dynamic defects such as surface cracks and connection looseness under high-frequency vibration. In the real environment, the vibration received by the dust cover 3 usually comes from the transmission of elastic bodies such as suspension components and rubber bushings, rather than rigid impacts. The flexible contact characteristic of the rubber pad 506 can simulate the vibration transmission process of such elastic media, making the vibration frequency and amplitude closer to the actual working conditions.

[0032] A piston 509 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the impact head 508, and a compression spring 510 is fixedly connected between the upper end of the piston 509 and the top of the inner cavity of the detection head 505. A rubber pad 506 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection head 505. A circular hole with the same diameter as the impact head 508 is opened in the middle position of the rubber pad 506. A plurality of adsorption holes 507 are evenly opened on the periphery of the rubber pad 506 and are connected to the adsorption groove 512. The adsorption holes 507 are trumpet-shaped circular holes. An electric two-way air pump 514 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the sleeve 502. The output end of the electric two-way air pump 514 is connected to a main pipe 515. The other end of the main pipe 515 is connected to two branch pipes 516 through a three-way joint. The other ends of the two branch pipes 516 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the detection head 505 and are connected to two flow channels 513. A valve 517 is installed on the branch pipe 516. When simulating an impact state (such as stone flying), the current of the electromagnet 501 is adjusted to control the rapid downward movement of the detection head 505 505 , the impact head 508 is moved downwards, and the impact head 508 is driven downwards to the outside of the detection head 505. At this time, when the detection head 505 moves downwards, the impact head 508 hits the dust cover 3, simulating instantaneous impacts in scenes such as stone flying and road bumps, and testing the impact resistance of the dust cover (such as pit depth and local deformation). It is worth noting that the electric two-way air pump 514 drives the impact head 508 through air pressure, and the impact peak value is limited. In the process of simulating high impact force detection, it is necessary to use the electromagnet 501 to apply a larger instantaneous magnetic field, thereby generating a larger impact peak value, making the impact simulation range wider.

[0033] When simulating an impact, the driving motor 2 409 can be started to drive the rotating part 408 to rotate, and the angle of the impact head 508 can be adjusted to simulate the situation where stones hit from various directions such as the front, side, and oblique angles, and truly restore the impact state of the dust cover of the vehicle under complex road conditions. At the same time, the surface structure of the dust cover 3 is complex, and the impact resistance of different parts (such as edges, centers, and bends) is different. By adjusting the angle of the impact head 508, the impact point can be accurately controlled, and targeted detection can be performed on various parts of the dust cover 3 to ensure that there are no blind spots in the detection. For example, the edges and corners of the dust cover 3 are stress concentration areas, which are more likely to crack under impact. Through multi-angle and multi-point impact, these potential hidden dangers can be discovered in time. Compared with fixed-angle impact that can only detect local areas, the overall quality of the dust cover 3 can be more comprehensively evaluated.

[0034] After the detection is completed, start the electric two-way air pump 514 to extract the injected high-pressure gas, drive the piston 509 to move upward again, drive the impact head 508 to return to the inside of the detection head 505 again, and close the valve 517 on the corresponding branch pipe 506 to avoid affecting the detection of other states.

[0035] When simulating the tensile state, adjust the current of the electromagnet 501 to control the smooth downward movement of the detection head 505, drive the detection head 505 to move downward. At this time, the rubber pad 506 abuts against the outer surface of the dust-proof cover 3. At this time, the electric two-way air pump 514 is switched to the air extraction mode, and the valve 517 on the branch pipe 516 communicating with the annular groove 511 is opened. Vacuum is pumped into the annular groove 511 and the adsorption groove 512 of the detection head 505 through the main pipe 515, the branch pipe 516 and the flow channel 513. A negative pressure adsorption is formed between the adsorption holes 507 (the horn-shaped design can enhance the adsorption force) and the surface of the dust-proof cover 3. At this time, the electromagnet 501 adsorbs the magnetic block 5031 to move upward smoothly, and the slide rod 503 drives the detection head 505 to move upward slowly, generating a continuous pulling force on the surface of the dust-proof cover 3, and the anti-deformation ability of the dust-proof cover 3 under the tensile load can be evaluated, such as whether the connecting holes are torn and whether the material is plastically deformed, simulating the tensile working conditions when the brake caliper piston moves or the components are displaced relatively.

[0036] It should be noted that the electromagnet 501 can be selected with the model: GMW MF-2015H hybrid excitation electromagnet, and the electric two-way air pump 514 can be selected with the model: GAST 0523-VHP or GAST 0523 vacuum / pressure dual-use pump.

[0037] The dynamic detection component 5 realizes the precise simulation of three working conditions of vibration, impact and tension through the three-state switching control logic. The structural synergistic effects and technical effects in each state are as follows: I. Vibration simulation state Core control logic: The reciprocating vibration of the detection head 505 is realized through the elastic cooperation of the high-frequency pulse current of the electromagnet 501 and the compression spring 504.

[0038] Electromagnetic drive mechanism: The electromagnet 501 is connected to 10 - 100Hz PWM alternating current (24VAC) to generate a periodically changing magnetic field. When powered on, the magnetic field repels the magnetic block 5031, pushes the slide rod 503 to drive the detection head 505 to move downward, and the compression spring 504 is stretched; when powered off, the spring force makes the magnetic block 5031 reset, and the detection head 505 rises. The impact force size is controlled by adjusting the current amplitude (0.5 - 3A), and the vibration frequency is controlled by the pulse frequency (such as using 50Hz high-frequency vibration when simulating highway working conditions).

[0039] Technical effect: The flexible contact of the rubber pad 506 simulates the elastic vibration transmission of the suspension system, avoids the rigid impact and the deviation from the actual working conditions, and makes the vibration amplitude error ≤ ±5%.

[0040] The detection head 505 impacts the surface of the dust cover 3 at a frequency of 20 - 50 times per second, which can stimulate the expansion of microcracks inside the material and detect fatigue damage (such as microcracks of 0.05 mm level) that cannot be identified by static detection.

[0041] At this time, the electric two-way air pump 514 is in the closed state, and the valves 517 on the branch pipes 516 are all kept closed to avoid air path interference with the pure mechanical impact characteristics of vibration simulation.

[0042] II. Impact simulation state Core control logic: The electromagnet 501 is driven by an instantaneous strong current and assisted by the air pressure of the air pump to achieve high-speed impact and multi-angle impact simulation.

[0043] Pre-extension stage of the impact head: The drive motor II 409 first rotates the rotating part 408 according to the preset program to adjust the angle of the impact head 508 to the target direction (such as 0° vertical impact, 45° oblique impact). Subsequently, the electric two-way air pump 514 switches to the positive pressure mode (0.8 MPa), opens the left branch pipe valve 517a connected to the chute, and the high-pressure gas pushes the piston 509 through the flow channel 513 to overcome the resistance of the compression spring II 510, so that the impact head 508 extends 5 mm outside the detection head 505 and enters the standby state (at this time, the rubber pad 506 does not contact the dust cover 3).

[0044] Instantaneous impact stage: The electromagnet 501 instantaneously loads a 300 A pulsed current (lasting for 10 ms), generates a peak magnetic field of 1.8 T, the magnetic block 5031 is driven by the transient electromagnetic force (500 N), the slide rod 503 drives the detection head 505 to impact downward with an acceleration of 20 m / s², and the impact head 508 impacts the surface of the dust cover 3 at a speed of 3 m / s.

[0045] Technical effect: The multi-angle impact module (drive motor II 409) can cover vulnerable parts such as the edges and bends of the dust cover 3, and the detection blind area is reduced by 80%.

[0046] The combination of the air pump pre-extending the impact head and the electromagnetic instantaneous acceleration expands the adjustable range of the impact energy to 1 - 15 J, simulating multi-scene impacts such as stone splashing (5 J) and road bumps (10 J).

[0047] After the impact is completed, the air pump immediately switches to the negative pressure mode (-70 kPa), closes the valve 517 on the main pipe 515, opens the valve 517 on the branch pipe 516, and the residual gas in the adsorption tank 512 is quickly pumped out to prevent the impact head 508 from not being able to reset due to air pressure retention. At the same time, the electromagnet 501 switches to the low-current maintenance state to prevent overheating.

[0048] III. Tensile simulation state Core control logic: negative pressure adsorption fixation and electromagnet constant current pulling to simulate material performance under long-term tensile load.

[0049] Negative pressure adsorption is established: Under the constant current drive (0.5A DC) from the electromagnet 501, the detection head 505 moves steadily downward until the rubber pad 506 is completely in contact with the surface of the dust cover 3. At this point, the electric bidirectional air pump 514 switches to vacuum mode (-70kPa), opens the valve 517 of the branch pipe 516 connected to the annular groove 511, and vacuums the adsorption groove 512 through the flow channel 513. The trumpet-shaped adsorption hole 507 enhances the edge sealing effect, increasing the adsorption force per unit area to 8kPa (30% higher than a straight hole of the same diameter).

[0050] Tensile load application: The current in electromagnet 501 is gradually increased to 3A. The constant electromagnetic force exerted by magnet block 5031 pulls slide bar 503 upward, and detection head 505 slowly moves upward at a low speed of 0.1mm / s, exerting a continuous tensile force (maximum tensile force of 200N) on dust cover 3. Compression spring 1 504 maintains elastic deformation during this process, preventing sudden damage caused by rigid pulling.

[0051] Technical effect: The combination of negative pressure adsorption and low-speed stretching can accurately simulate the tensile stress generated by the long-term movement of the brake caliper piston, and detect hidden defects such as tearing of connecting holes (detection accuracy 0.02mm) and plastic deformation of materials.

[0052] The elastic deformation of the rubber pad 506 can simulate the buffering effect of the sealant in actual installation, so that the test results are closer to the actual working conditions.

[0053] This embodiment uses three-way diversion and independent valve control to achieve rapid switching of the gas circuit between impact drive and negative pressure adsorption (switching time <50ms), avoiding the cross-gas problem of the traditional single-gas system.

[0054] Valve 517 adopts electromagnetic pulse valve (response time <10ms), which is linked with the PLC control system to ensure the synchronization and reliability of multi-working mode switching.

[0055] Working principle: During the use of the device, the dust-proof cover 3 to be measured is sleeved on the central female seat 202 and the edge sub-seat 203 through the central hole and the edge hole respectively to complete the preliminary positioning. Then, the electric push rod 204 in the inner cavity of the central female seat 202 is started to push the insertion rod 205 to move and insert into the jack 206 on the edge sub-seat 203 to further lock the dust-proof cover 3. The hot air blower 209 is started, and hot air is conveyed into the circular groove 207 of the positioning seat 201 through the hot air pipe 210. The hot air blows towards the dust-proof cover 3 through the uniformly distributed air outlet holes 208, increasing the surface temperature of the dust-proof cover and simulating the high-temperature environment during braking. The drive motor 401 is started to drive the gear 402 to rotate, driving the gear ring 403 and the support rod 404 to move, so that the detection camera 406 rotates around the dust-proof cover 3. The detection camera 406 combines a high-precision light source and an image processing algorithm to take 360° panoramic photos of static defects such as the outer edge, hole positions, and surface scratches of the dust-proof cover 3, completing the preliminary detection of the static appearance.

[0056] After the static detection is completed, the electromagnet 501 is controlled to turn on and off high-frequency alternating current to generate a periodically repulsive electromagnetic force, which pushes the magnet block 5031 downward and stretches the first compression spring 504. The sliding rod 503 drives the detection head 505 to move downward and hit the surface of the dust-proof cover 3 through the rubber pad 506. When the electromagnet is powered off, the first compression spring 504 resets, driving the magnet block 5031 and the sliding rod 503 to reset, and controlling the detection head 505 to reciprocally hit the surface of the dust-proof cover 3 at a set frequency, simulating the vibration load of the dust-proof cover 3 under different road conditions. Then, the current of the electromagnet 501 is adjusted to control the detection head 505 to move rapidly downward. At the same time, the electric two-way air pump 514 is started, and the valve 517 on the branch pipe 506 communicating with the chute of the detection head 505 is opened. High-pressure gas is injected into the flow channel 513 of the detection head 505 through the main pipe 515 and the branch pipe 516. The gas enters the chute of the detection head 505 through the flow channel 513, pushing the piston 509 downward and driving the impact head 508 to move upward outside the detection head 505. At this time, when the detection head 505 moves downward, it hits the dust-proof cover 3 through the impact head 508, simulating instantaneous impacts in scenarios such as stone splashing and road surface protrusions. During the simulated impact, the driving motor two 409 can be started to drive the rotating part 408 to rotate, adjusting the angle of the impact head 508, which can simulate the impact of stones from various directions such as the front, side, and oblique angle. And by adjusting the angle of the impact head 508, the impact point can be accurately controlled to conduct targeted detection on each part of the dust-proof cover 3. Finally, the current of the electromagnet 501 is adjusted to control the detection head 505 to move smoothly downward, driving the detection head 505 to move downward. At this time, the rubber pad 506 abuts against the outer surface of the dust-proof cover 3. At this time, the electric two-way air pump 514 is switched to the air extraction mode, and the valve 517 on the branch pipe 516 communicating with the annular groove 511 is opened. The annular groove 511 and the adsorption groove 512 of the detection head 505 are evacuated through the main pipe 515, the branch pipe 516, and the flow channel 513. A negative pressure adsorption is formed between the adsorption holes 507 and the surface of the dust-proof cover 3. At this time, the electromagnet 501 adsorbs the magnet block 5031 and moves upward smoothly, and the sliding rod 503 drives the detection head 505 to move upward slowly, generating a continuous pulling force on the surface of the dust-proof cover 3, which can evaluate the anti-deformation ability of the dust-proof cover 3 under the tensile load, such as whether the connecting holes are torn and whether the material undergoes plastic deformation. It realizes the comprehensive detection of the appearance and performance of the brake disc dust-proof cover 3 under complex working conditions such as high temperature, vibration, impact, and tension, significantly improving the defect detection rate and detection efficiency, and providing a more comprehensive and reliable technical means for the quality control of automotive parts.

[0057] This embodiment can achieve the following technical effects compared with the prior art: Improvement in the dynamic defect detection rate: Through the simulation of three working conditions of vibration, impact, and tension, defects such as microcracks (0.05 mm) and hidden deformations (0.1 mm) missed by the static detection can be detected, and the comprehensive detection rate is increased from 85% to 98%.

[0058] Enhanced authenticity of working condition simulation: Designs such as flexible contact of rubber pads, multi-angle impact heads, and negative pressure adsorption make the coincidence degree between the detection conditions and the actual vehicle loading conditions reach over 92%.

[0059] Optimized detection efficiency: Multiple working conditions are integrated into the same device, and the single detection cycle is shortened to 3 minutes (the traditional step-by-step detection with multiple devices takes 15 minutes), and it supports automated assembly line operation.

[0060] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting.

[0061] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation manners understandable by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover, characterized in that: Including: A detection table (1), on the upper surface of which a dust cover (3) is placed; A positioning component (2), including a positioning seat (201) fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the detection table (1). In the middle of the lower surface of the positioning seat (201), a central female seat (202) is fixedly connected. Around the periphery of the upper surface of the positioning seat (201), a plurality of edge sub-seats (203) are evenly and fixedly connected. In the middle of the inner cavity of the positioning seat (201), a circular groove (207) is opened. On the outer surface of the positioning seat (201), a plurality of air outlet holes (208) are evenly opened and communicated with the circular groove (207); An adjusting component (4), including a gear ring (403) rotatably connected to the upper surface of the detection table (1). A matching gear (402) is meshed with the outer surface of the gear ring (403). On the upper surface of the gear ring (403), a support rod (404) is fixedly connected. At the upper end of the support rod (404), a top plate (405) is fixedly connected. On the lower surface of the top plate (405), a detection camera (406) is fixedly connected. On the lower surface of the top plate (405), a fixed frame (407) is fixedly connected. In the inner cavity of the fixed frame (407), a rotating part (408) is rotatably connected through a shaft; A dynamic detection component (5), including an electromagnet (501) fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rotating part (408). On the lower surface of the electromagnet (501), a sleeve (502) is fixedly connected. A sliding rod (503) is slidably connected in the inner cavity of the sleeve (502). At the upper end of the sliding rod (503), a magnetic block (5031) is fixedly connected. At the lower end of the sliding rod (503), a detection head (505) is fixedly connected. A chute is opened on the lower surface of the detection head (505) and an impact head (508) is slidably connected thereto. On the upper surface of the impact head (508), a piston (509) is fixedly connected. An annular groove (511) is opened in the inner cavity of the detection head (505). On the lower surface of the detection head (505), a plurality of adsorption grooves (512) are evenly opened and communicated with the annular groove (511). Two flow channels (513) are opened in the inner cavity of the detection head (505), and the two flow channels (513) are respectively communicated with the chute on the lower surface of the detection head (505) and the annular groove (511).

2. The appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of support legs (101) are evenly and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection table (1). The dust cover (3) is provided with a central hole and side holes, which are respectively inserted and connected with the central female seat (202) and the edge sub-seats (203). The lower surface of the dust cover (3) abuts against the upper surface of the positioning seat (201).

3. An appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the side wall of the inner cavity of the central female seat (202), an electric push rod (204) is fixedly connected. At one end of the electric push rod (204), a plug rod (205) is fixedly connected. At a position corresponding to the plug rod (205) on the outer surface of the edge sub-seat (203), a jack (206) is opened, and the plug rod (205) is inserted into the inner cavity of the jack (206).

4. An appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hot air blower (209) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection table (1). The output end of the hot air blower (209) is communicated with a hot air duct (210), and the other end of the hot air duct (210) penetrates through the detection table (1) and is communicated with the circular groove (207).

5. The appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover according to claim 1, wherein: A first driving motor (401) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection table (1). The output shaft end of the first driving motor (401) penetrates through the detection table (1) and is fixedly connected to a gear (402).

6. The appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second driving motor (409) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame (407). The output shaft end of the second driving motor (409) is fixedly connected to the shaft end of a rotating member (408).

7. An appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first compression spring (504) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the magnetic block (5031). The upper end of the first compression spring (504) is fixedly connected to an electromagnet (501). A piston (509) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the impact head (508). A second compression spring (510) is fixedly connected between the upper end of the piston (509) and the top of the inner cavity of the detection head (505).

8. An appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber pad (506) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the detection head (505). A round hole with the same diameter as the impact head (508) is formed in the middle position of the rubber pad (506). A plurality of adsorption holes (507) are evenly formed in the periphery of the rubber pad (506) and are communicated with an adsorption groove (512). The adsorption holes (507) are trumpet-shaped round holes.

9. An appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electric double-action air pump (514) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the sleeve (502). The output end of the electric double-action air pump (514) is communicated with a main pipe (515). The other end of the main pipe (515) is communicated with two branch pipes (516) through a three-way joint.

10. The appearance detection device based on a brake disc dust cover according to claim 9, characterized in that: The other ends of the two branch pipes (516) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the detection head (505) and are communicated with two flow channels (513). Valves (517) are installed on the branch pipes (516).

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