Electrical connector and connector system

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides an electric connector and a connector system. The electrical connector includes a plurality of connector terminals, each of the plurality of connector terminals having a mating contact end and a cable attachment end respectively at both ends, the mating contact end being configured for electrical contact with an adaptive electrical connector, the cable attachment end being configured for receiving a cable, the plurality of connector terminals includes two first connector terminals, each of the cable attachment ends of the two first connector terminals being configured for receiving a first type of cable, and one second connector terminal, the cable attachment end of the second connector terminal being configured for receiving a second type of cable, the second type is different from the first type. The plurality of mutually insulated connector terminals are arranged in the electric connector, so that the electric connector can be conveniently and electrically connected with the energy storage equipment. Under the condition that the industrial standard is met, the wire diameter of the cable is reasonably configured, and the cost and the weight can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of connector technology, and in particular, to an electrical connector and a connector system for transmitting power, for example. The electrical connector is particularly suitable for energy storage devices. Background Art

[0002] For example, the energy storage equipment of the energy storage cabinet has a high charging and discharging power output capacity to meet instantaneous high power demands, such as peak load demands and emergency backup power demands. Energy storage equipment can store energy during low-power periods and provide electricity to the grid during peak power periods. Moreover, energy storage equipment can store and release electricity generated by unstable and unsustainable energy sources such as wind energy and solar energy, thereby reducing the interference of these energy sources on the grid, alleviating grid voltage fluctuations, and achieving efficient energy utilization.

[0003] Energy storage devices generally include multiple energy storage units, such as battery packs, supercapacitors, etc. Energy storage units and / or energy storage units and other modules of the energy storage device, such as inverter modules, can be connected to each other through energy storage connectors, thereby achieving modular assembly and facilitating the construction, transfer or removal of energy storage devices. The energy storage device can also be electrically connected to an external device through an energy storage connector, so that the energy storage device can power the external device, or the energy storage device can be charged by the external device. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to at least partially solve the problems existing in the prior art, the first embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electrical connector, including a plurality of connector terminals, each of which has a mating contact end and a cable attachment end respectively located at two ends, the mating contact end is configured to be used for electrical contact with an adapting electrical connector, and the cable attachment end is configured to receive a cable, the plurality of connector terminals include two first connector terminals and one second connector terminal, each of the cable attachment ends of the two first connector terminals is configured to receive a first type of cable, and the cable attachment end of the second connector terminal is configured to receive a second type of cable, and the second type is different from the first type.

[0005] Exemplarily, the electrical connector includes a first housing in which a plurality of connector terminals are fixed, and the first housing has a mounting portion configured for mounting to a board.

[0006] Exemplarily, the electrical connector further comprises a lock assembly disposed on the first housing, and the lock assembly is pivotable between a locked position for locking with the mating electrical connector and an unlocked position for unlocking with the mating electrical connector.

[0007] Exemplarily, the lock assembly includes: a wrench, which spans across the first shell along the lateral direction, and both ends of the wrench are pivotally connected to the first shell between a locked position and an unlocked position around a pivot axis parallel to the lateral direction; and a pair of support members, which are respectively connected to the inner sides of the two ends of the wrench and can pivot with the wrench, wherein the two ends of the wrench and the pair of support members together form a hook portion, and the hook portion is configured to lock with the adapter electrical connector when the wrench is in the locked position.

[0008] Exemplarily, a plurality of first mounting channels extending in the axial direction are provided in the first housing, and a plurality of connector terminals are correspondingly inserted into the plurality of first mounting channels.

[0009] A clamp is disposed in each of the plurality of first installation channels, and each of the plurality of connector terminals is fixed in the corresponding first installation channel by the clamp.

[0010] Exemplarily, the mounting portion surrounds the side surface of the first shell, an annular groove is provided on the surface of the mounting portion facing the plate, and a first waterproof ring is provided in the annular groove.

[0011] Exemplarily, the electrical connector is a plug connector.

[0012] Exemplarily, the mating contact end of each of the plurality of connector terminals has a first socket, a first crown spring is disposed in the first socket, and the first crown spring is used to receive and electrically contact the connector terminal of the matching electrical connector.

[0013] Exemplarily, the cable attachment end of each of the plurality of connector terminals has a second plug hole, and the electrical connector further comprises a plurality of cable terminals for respectively connecting the plurality of cables, the plurality of cable terminals being correspondingly inserted into and electrically contacting the cable attachment ends of the plurality of connector terminals.

[0014] Exemplarily, the electrical connector further comprises a plurality of cables, the plurality of cables are correspondingly connected to the plurality of cable terminals, the plurality of cables comprising two first type cables connected to the two first connector terminals and one second type cable connected to the second connector terminal.

[0015] Exemplarily, a second housing is overmolded on the plurality of connector terminals, and the cable attachment end and the plurality of cable terminals are located within the second housing.

[0016] Exemplarily, the second shell has a mounting opening, and the mounting opening is configured to allow multiple cable terminals to be connected to the cable attachment end via the mounting opening. The electrical connector also includes: a waterproof gasket, which seals the mounting opening, and is provided with multiple threading holes that are coaxial with the multiple cable terminals, respectively, and the multiple threading holes are used to allow multiple cables to pass through respectively. The waterproof gasket is also configured to form a seal between the multiple cables; and a back cover, which is connected to the second shell and fixes the waterproof gasket in the second shell.

[0017] Exemplarily, the electrical connector further comprises a rigid straight tube accommodated in the second shell, the straight tube being located between the waterproof gasket and the back cover, one end of the waterproof gasket being inserted into the straight tube, and the back cover being against the straight tube.

[0018] Exemplarily, the electrical connector also includes a mounting disk installed in the second shell via a mounting opening, the mounting disk being provided with a plurality of disk through holes, each of the plurality of disk through holes accommodating a cable attachment end of one of a plurality of connector terminals and a corresponding cable terminal, the mounting disk having a first end and a second end opposite to each other along an extension direction of the plurality of cable terminals, the first end abutting against the waterproof gasket, and the second end abutting against the second shell.

[0019] Exemplarily, a narrow slot is provided on the second end portion, and the narrow slot separates the second end portion into a plurality of fixing columns that are independent of each other, and the plurality of disk through holes pass through the plurality of fixing columns correspondingly.

[0020] Exemplarily, a limiting flange is provided on the side of each of the multiple cable terminals, the limiting flange has a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface opposite to each other along the extension direction of the multiple cable terminals, each of the multiple connector terminals abuts against the first limiting surface of the limiting flange of the corresponding cable terminal, and a step surface is provided on the side of each of the multiple disk through holes, the step surface faces the corresponding connector terminal, and the second limiting surface of the limiting flange abuts against the step surface.

[0021] Exemplarily, the electrical connector further includes a second waterproof ring, which is sleeved on the second shell and clamped between the second shell and an end of the rear cover sleeved on the second shell.

[0022] Exemplarily, each of the plurality of connector terminals further includes a bent middle section connected between the wire attachment end and the mating contact end, and the second housing is overmolded on the mating contact ends and the middle sections of the plurality of connector terminals.

[0023] Exemplarily, a second crown spring is disposed in the second insertion hole, and a corresponding cable terminal is inserted into the second crown spring and is in electrical contact with the corresponding cable terminal.

[0024] Exemplarily, a third waterproof ring is sleeved on the mating interface of the second shell for mating with the adapting electrical connector, and the third waterproof ring is configured to form a seal between the second shell and the adapting electrical connector.

[0025] Exemplarily, the electrical connector is a socket connector.

[0026] Exemplarily, the two first connector terminals have opposite polarities.

[0027] Exemplarily, the diameter of the first type of cable is 4-6 AWG and the diameter of the second type of cable is 6-8 AWG.

[0028] Exemplarily, the two connector terminals have opposite polarities respectively, and the second connector terminal is a ground terminal.

[0029] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a connector system, including at least one group connector, each group in the at least one group connector includes: a plug connector, which is mounted on a board, the plug connector includes a plurality of plug connector terminals; and a socket connector, the socket connector includes a plurality of socket connector terminals, one end of the plurality of socket connector terminals is mated to the plug connector so that the plurality of socket connector terminals are in electrical contact with the plurality of plug connector terminals, each of the plurality of socket connector terminals is provided with a socket at the other end, the socket being configured to receive a cable.

[0030] Exemplarily, the connector system includes two groups of connectors, wherein the sockets of the socket connectors in the two groups of connectors face each other and respectively receive two ends of a plurality of cables.

[0031] Exemplarily, the connector system includes two groups of connectors, wherein the sockets of the socket connectors in the two groups of connectors face the same direction and respectively receive two ends of a plurality of cables.

[0032] Exemplarily, the plug connector has a plug mating interface that mates with the socket connector, and the socket connector has a socket mating interface that mates with the plug connector, and the plug mating interfaces of the plug connectors in the two sets of connectors are mirror images of each other, and the socket mating interfaces of the socket connectors in the two sets of connectors are mirror images of each other.

[0033] Exemplarily, the plug mating interface and the socket mating interface both include foolproof structures, and the foolproof structures are configured to enable the plug mating interface and the socket mating interface to mate with each other in a predetermined direction.

[0034] The inventors also realized and understood that by providing multiple connector terminals insulated from each other in an electrical connector, it is convenient to electrically connect to the energy storage device. Multiple connector terminals may include a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a ground terminal, so that the connection between power lines can be completed through one connector, and the operation is simpler. These connector terminals can connect different types of cables, such as cables with different wire diameters, which can be easily noticed by the user during the assembly process, thereby effectively avoiding mistakes during assembly. In compliance with international and domestic standards, the wire diameter of the cable can be reasonably configured to reduce the cost of the cable and reduce the weight. The multiple connector terminals of the plug connector and the multiple connector terminals of the socket connector correspond one to one. Only when the plug connector and the socket connector are correctly connected can an electrical connection be established, which can effectively avoid the situation where the line is reversed and the component is damaged.

[0035] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the utility model content, which will be further described in detail in the detailed implementation section. The utility model content section does not mean to attempt to define the key features and essential technical features of the technical solution claimed for protection, nor does it mean to attempt to determine the scope of protection of the technical solution claimed for protection.

[0036] The advantages and features of the present disclosure are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The following drawings of the present disclosure are hereby used as part of the present disclosure for understanding the present disclosure. The embodiments of the present disclosure and their description are shown in the drawings to explain the principles of the present disclosure. In the drawings,

[0038] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a connector system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0039] Figure 2 for Figure 1 a side view of the connector system shown;

[0040] Figure 3 A perspective view showing a first electrical connector and a second electrical connector in a separated state.

[0041] Figure 4A Shows Figure 1 An exploded view of the first electrical connector shown;

[0042] Figure 4B Shows Figure 4A A perspective view of a connector terminal of the first electrical connector shown;

[0043] Figure 4C Shows Figure 4A A cross-sectional view of a connector terminal of the first electrical connector shown;

[0044] Figure 5A is a perspective view of the first housing and the lock assembly of the first electrical connector viewed from the rear;

[0045] Figure 5B Shows Figure 4A A perspective view of the first waterproof ring shown;

[0046] Figure 5C Shows Figure 4A A cross-sectional view of the first waterproof ring shown;

[0047] Fig. 6A Shows Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the first electrical connector shown cut along a center line of a first mounting channel;

[0048] Figure 6B Shows Fig. 6A A partial enlarged view of the cross-sectional view shown;

[0049] Figure 6C Shows Fig. 6A The cross-sectional view shown has a portion of the first connector terminal removed;

[0050] Fig.6D Shows Fig. 6A The cross-sectional view shown is without a portion of the first connector terminal and a portion of the clamp;

[0051] Fig. 6E Shows Fig. 6A a perspective view of the clamp in cross-section as shown;

[0052] Fig. 7A Shows Figure 1 An exploded view of the second electrical connector shown;

[0053] Figure 7B for Fig. 7A a side view of a second connector terminal of the second electrical connector shown;

[0054] Figure 7C for Figure 7B A cross-sectional view of the second connector terminal shown;

[0055] Fig. 8A Shows Figure 1 A top view of a partial structure of the second electrical connector shown;

[0056] Figure 8B for Fig. 8A A cross-sectional view of the second electrical connector along plane AA shown;

[0057] Fig.9A Shows Figure 1 An exploded view of the second electrical connector shown;

[0058] Fig. 9B 9A shows a cross-sectional view of the second electrical connector;

[0059] Fig. 9C 9A shows a top view of the mounting plate of the second electrical connector;

[0060] Fig.9D Shows Fig. 9C A cross-sectional view of the mounting plate shown along plane BB;

[0061] Fig.10 Shows Figure 1 A perspective view of a cable terminal of the second electrical connector shown;

[0062] Fig.11 Shows Fig.9A An assembly structure diagram of the second electrical connector shown;

[0063] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a connector system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0064] Fig.13 A schematic diagram showing a connector system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0065] Fig.14A and Fig. 14B Two perspective views of first electrical connectors that are mirror images of each other according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are respectively shown;

[0066] Fig.15A and Fig. 15B They are shown respectively Fig.14A and Fig. 14B Two front views of the first electrical connector are shown, which are mirror images of each other;

[0067] Fig.16A and Fig. 16B They are shown respectively Fig.14A and Fig. 14B Two rear views of the first electrical connector shown are mirror images of each other;

[0068] Fig.17A and Fig. 17B Two perspective views of second electrical connectors that are mirror images of each other according to exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are respectively shown;

[0069] Fig.18A and Fig.18B They are shown respectively Fig.17A and Fig. 17B Two front views of the second electrical connector are shown which are mirror images of each other.

[0070] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0071] 100, first electrical connector; 110, connector terminal; 110A, cable attachment end; 110B, mating contact end; 110C, cable receiving hole; 110D, limiting step surface; 110E, through hole; 110F, tapered surface; 110G, abutment surface; 111, first connector terminal; 112, second connector terminal; 120, first housing; 120A, mating interface; 120B, cable interface; 121, mounting portion; 1211, mounting hole; 122, pivoting protrusion; 123, first mounting channel; 1231, first stop protrusion; 1232, second stop protrusion; 1233, arc groove; 1234, interval; 124, first polarity mark; 125, annular groove; 126, notch; 127, depression; 130, first waterproof ring; 131, inner ring sealing layer; 132, outer ring sealing layer; 140, lock assembly; 141, wrench; 141A, pivot hole; 142, support member; 143, fixing member; 170, clamp; 171, spring; 172, slit; 180, insulating cap; 200, second electrical connector; 210, connector terminal; 211, first connecting 212, second connector terminal; 211A, 212A, first jack; 211B, 212B, second jack; 211C, 212C, mating contact end; 211D, 212D, cable attachment end; 211E, 212E, middle section; 221, first crown spring; 222, second crown spring; 230, cable terminal; 231, terminal attachment end; 232, cable attachment end; 233, cable receiving hole; 234, limiting flange; 235, through hole; 241, second waterproof ring; 242, third waterproof ring; 2 50. Second shell; 250A. End of first shell; 250B. End of second shell; 251. Locking protrusion; 252. Second polarity mark; 253. Raised rib; 254. Mounting opening; 260. Back cover; 261. Back cover opening; 270. Straight tube; 280. Waterproof gasket; 281. Threading hole; 282. Annular raised rib; 290. Mounting plate; 291. Plate through hole; 291A. Step surface; 292. First end; 293. Second end; 294. Slot; 295. Fixing column; 300. First cable; 400. Second cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] In the following description, a large amount of details are provided so that the present disclosure can be thoroughly understood. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following description only exemplarily illustrates a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure can be implemented without one or more such details. In addition, in order to avoid confusion with the present disclosure, some technical features well known in the art are not described in detail.

[0073] Conventional energy storage connectors usually only accommodate one terminal each for transmitting power. The inventors realize and understand that each energy storage connector can include multiple terminals, which can reduce the number of connectors used in the energy storage system. The inventors also realize and understand a connector design that enables the energy storage connector to support multiple cable diameters and multiple polarities. For example, the energy storage connector may include power terminals for connecting the positive and negative poles of a power source. Optionally, the energy storage connector may also include a ground terminal. Specifically, the present disclosure provides an electrical connector, which includes a plurality of connector terminals. Each of the plurality of connector terminals has a mating contact end and a cable attachment end located at both ends, respectively. The mating contact end may be configured for electrical contact with an adapter electrical connector. The cable attachment end may be configured for receiving a cable. The plurality of connector terminals include two first connector terminals and a second connector terminal, the cable attachment ends of the two first connector terminals are configured for receiving a first type of cable, and the cable attachment end of the second connector terminal is configured for receiving a second type of cable, the second type being different from the first type. Exemplarily, the first cable and the second cable may have different wire diameters. For example, the wire diameter of the cable connected to the ground terminal may be smaller than the wire diameter of the cable connected to the power terminal, thereby reducing costs.

[0074] The above connector design can be for different types of connectors, such as a plug connector and a socket connector. The inventors realize and understand that in order to reduce the space occupied by connecting the plug connector and the socket connector to each other, one of the plug connector and the socket connector is a vertical connector and the other is a right-angle connector. The vertical connector is usually fixed on the panel of the device to be connected, and the terminals therein can be perpendicular to the panel. After the right-angle connector is matched with the vertical connector, the height of the two connectors protruding from the panel can be reduced.

[0075] In addition, the inventors are aware of and understand a connector layout that can install two vertical connectors on two devices to be connected, respectively, and connect two right-angle connectors at both ends of the cable, respectively, so that the two devices to be connected can be quickly connected, and the relative position and spacing requirements of the two devices to be connected are relatively low. Exemplarily, when the two devices to be connected are located on the same side, the cable attachment ends of the two right-angle connectors at both ends of the cable can be opposite to each other, so that the cable between them can be roughly in a straight line. Exemplarily, when the two devices to be connected are arranged opposite to each other, the cable attachment ends of the two right-angle connectors at both ends of the cable can face the same direction, so that the cable between them can generally have a bridge-like structure.

[0076] The inventors have also realized and understood a lock assembly suitable for such a connector. The lock assembly can be arranged on a connector for fixing to a panel of a device to be connected. The electrical connector connected to the cable is detachable and separable from the device to be connected, and may be placed arbitrarily, with the risk of scratching with other objects and causing damage to the lock assembly. The lock assembly is arranged on the connector fixed to the device to be connected, which can ensure the stability and reliability of the lock assembly, thereby ensuring that the two adapted electrical connectors are reliably locked together. Exemplarily, the lock assembly can be pivotally arranged on the electrical connector, which can be easily operated and has a relatively simple structure.

[0077] Energy storage devices are usually used outdoors, and the electrical connector provided by the present disclosure can improve the waterproof level, such as complying with the IP67 standard proposed by the European Electrotechnical Standardization Committee. At least after the two adapted electrical connectors are connected to each other, the above-mentioned IP67 waterproof level can be achieved, so as to avoid water or dust entering the connector due to rain or dust in a long-term outdoor working environment, resulting in corrosion, wear, short circuit or even leakage of the terminal. For example, the electrical connector installed on the energy storage device may have holes, which can only prevent larger foreign objects from entering, and the protection level may be IP20. The IP20 standard is to prevent the intrusion of solid objects larger than 12.5mm, and the specific function is to prevent human fingers from contacting the internal parts of the electrical connector, and to prevent other medium-sized foreign objects from intruding. For this type of electrical connector, it can effectively prevent users from accidentally contacting the live parts such as connector terminals during use, resulting in the risk of electric shock. For the adapter electrical connector, it can adopt a process combining structures such as a waterproof ring and integral molding, so that the internal connector terminals will not contact with external water vapor. After the two matching electrical connectors are matched, the gap between the two electrical connectors can be sealed by the sealing ring and the lock assembly, so that even if the two connectors are immersed in 1m deep water for 30 minutes, no water vapor will penetrate into the interior of the electrical connectors through the gap between the electrical connectors, thereby achieving IP67 level waterproof and dustproof effect.

[0078] The inventors also realized and understood that by secondary molding a second shell on the connector terminal of the second electrical connector, the waterproof performance and yield rate of the finished product can be effectively improved, and the process is relatively mature. Secondary molding can make it almost impossible to have a gap between the connector terminal and the second shell, thereby effectively preventing the intrusion of water vapor. Reducing the number of gaps exposed to the outside and reducing the size of the gaps is another effective means to improve the waterproof performance. Since the second electrical connector has a large number of parts and some parts need to be isolated from water vapor, the design of accommodating these parts inside the second shell and then sealing it with the outside world through a waterproof gasket is relatively simple and cost-effective.

[0079] The inventors also realize and understand that since the connector terminal is relatively fixed to the second housing, and the cable attachment end portion connected to the second cable is located in the cavity of the second housing, the difficulty of connecting the second cable will be greatly increased. For this reason, the inventors designed the cable attachment end portion of the connector terminal connected to the cable to be a structure that can be connected by simple plugging and unplugging. To ensure the consistency and reliability of the electrical connection, the cable terminal can be first connected to the second cable, and then the cable terminal can be inserted into the cable attachment end portion. To further ensure the reliability of the connection, a second crown spring is also provided at the cable attachment end portion, and the cable terminal is inserted into the second crown spring, so as to fit tightly with the cable attachment end portion. Although the second crown spring improves the reliability of the electrical connection, it is relatively difficult to insert the cable terminal due to the elastic force of the second crown spring, especially when a soft wire is used as the cable. The user may need other slender tools to clamp the cable terminal and insert the cable terminal into the corresponding second crown spring. In this regard, the inventor has designed a mounting plate, which can abut against the protruding portion of the cable terminal, so that the user only needs to pass the second cable and the cable terminal through the corresponding through hole of the mounting plate, and then push the mounting plate into the cavity of the second housing to insert the corresponding cable terminal into the corresponding second crown spring. The size of the mounting plate makes it unnecessary for the user to use a slender tool to clamp the cable terminal, simplifying the difficulty of installation. On the other hand, after the assembly is completed, the mounting plate can continue to abut against the cable terminal, and will not become loose even if it is used for a long time.

[0080] Figure 1 A perspective view of a connector system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view of the connector system is shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the connector system may include a first electrical connector 100 and a second electrical connector 200. The first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 may be adapted to be connected. One of the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 is a plug connector, and the other is a socket connector. The first electrical connector 100 may be mounted on a panel of a device to be connected. The second electrical connector 200 may be connected to another device to be connected via a cable, so that the devices to be connected may be electrically connected to each other via the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 to transmit power. Alternatively, optionally, two second electrical connectors 200 may be connected to each other at both ends of the cable, and the two second electrical connectors 200 may be connected to two first electrical connectors 100 fixed on the panels of the two devices to be connected, so that the two devices to be connected may be electrically connected to each other to transmit power. The first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 may be easily and quickly separated from or connected to each other. Figure 1-2 The first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 are shown in a connected state. Figure 3 It is shown that the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 are in a separated state.

[0081] Figure 4A An exploded view of the first electrical connector 100 is shown. The first electrical connector 100 may include a plurality of connector terminals 110. Three connector terminals 110 are shown in the figure, the two located at the top are the first connector terminals 111, and the one located at the bottom is the second connector terminal 112. The first connector terminal 111 may be a power terminal, which is used to connect the positive and negative poles of the DC power supply respectively. The second connector terminal 112 may be a grounding terminal, which is used to connect the ground wire. Exemplarily, the first electrical connector 100 may also be used for an AC power supply, in which case the first connector terminal 111 may be used to connect the live wire and the neutral wire respectively. In the illustrated embodiment, the three connector terminals 110 are arranged in a triangle. In an embodiment not shown, the three connector terminals 110 may also have other arrangements, for example, they may be arranged in a "one" shape. The three connector terminals 110 may have the same structure to reduce the types of parts and components and reduce processing costs.

[0082] like Figure 4B As shown, one end of each connector terminal 110 is a cable attachment end 110A for connecting to a cable, and the other end is a mating contact end 110B. The mating contact end 110B is used to electrically contact a corresponding connector terminal of an adapting electrical connector, such as the second electrical connector 200 to be mentioned below. The mating contact end 110B may be cylindrical, and an insulating cap 180 may be provided at its end to prevent the user from accidentally touching it and causing an electric shock. Each connector terminal 110 may be made of a metal material such as a copper alloy, specifically brass, so that it has good conductivity. The mating contact end 110B may have good mechanical properties, so as to reduce deformation and wear when plugging in with the adapting second electrical connector 200. The cable attachment end 110A at the other end of each connector terminal 110 may be connected to the first cable 300. In some embodiments, a cable receiving hole 110C may be provided in the cable attachment end 110A, see Figure 4C , the corresponding first cable 300 can be inserted into the cable receiving hole 110C. After the first cable 300 is inserted into the cable receiving hole 110C, the cable attachment end 110A can be pressed onto the end of the first cable 300 located in the cable receiving hole 110C by a crimping pliers, so that the connector terminal 110 is tightly combined with the first cable 300 and a good electrical connection is formed. At this time, it is required that at least the portion of the connector terminal 110 that forms the cable attachment end 110A has good ductility to avoid cracks during crimping, and after crimping, it should be tightly matched with the first cable 300 without a gap due to springback.

[0083] In another embodiment, after the corresponding first cable 300 is inserted into the cable receiving hole 110C of the cable attachment end 110A, it can be connected by brazing or resistance welding. In the above-mentioned usage scenario, taking brazing as an example, the cable attachment end 110A should be able to use common brazing materials to form good wetting, so as to avoid the first cable 300 and the cable attachment end 110A from being separated or forming a gap after welding. In short, any suitable method can be used to form a good connection between the first cable 300 and the corresponding connector terminal 110 to ensure electrical and mechanical properties.

[0084] The first electrical connector 100 may be a plug connector. The mating contact end 110B may be thinner than the cable attachment end 110A. Figure 4C As shown, the mating contact end 110B can be solid and can be inserted into the connector terminal 210 of the second electrical connector 200. The cable attachment end 110A can be hollow, so as to form a cable receiving hole 110C for inserting the first cable 300. A limited step surface 110D can be formed between the mating contact end 110B and the cable attachment end 110A. The limited step surface 110D can abut against the first housing 120 to be mentioned later, thereby limiting the connector terminal 110. A through hole 110E is provided on the side wall of the cable attachment end 110A. The through hole 110E can be connected to the cable receiving hole 110C. Exemplarily, the first cable 300 is connected to the cable attachment end 110A by soldering. For example, the brazing material (e.g., tin paste) can be injected into the cable receiving hole 110C, and then the first cable 300 is inserted into the cable receiving hole 110C, and then the whole is heated. During the heating process, the gas generated by the flux of the brazing material can be discharged through the through hole 110E, preventing the melted brazing material from splashing due to pressure, so that the brazing material can form a good infiltration with the first cable 300 and the inner wall of the cable receiving hole 110C, ensuring the welding quality, thereby reducing the contact resistance.

[0085] The connector terminal 110 may be straight, with the mating contact end 110B and the cable attachment end 110A extending opposite to each other. The connector terminal 110 may be perpendicular to the panel of the device to which the first electrical connector 100 is mounted, so the first electrical connector 100 may be called a vertical electrical connector.

[0086] It should be noted that the second connector terminal 112 may have the same structure as the first connector terminal 111, but their sizes may be different. Optionally, the length of the first connector terminal 111 may be the same as the length of the second connector terminal 112. The outer diameter of the first connector terminal 111 may be greater than the outer diameter of the second connector terminal 112. Alternatively, optionally, the first connector terminal 111 and the second connector terminal 112 may have the same structure and outer dimensions. Optionally, the inner diameter of the cable receiving hole 110C of the second connector terminal 112 may be different from the inner diameter of the cable receiving hole 110C of the first connector terminal 111, so that the cable attachment end 110A of the first connector terminal 111 and the second connector terminal 112 can receive cables of different specifications.

[0087] Fig. 7A Shows Figure 1 FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the second electrical connector 200. Fig. 7A As shown, the second electrical connector 200 includes a plurality of connector terminals 210. The connector terminals 210 can be adapted to the connector terminals 110 of the first electrical connector 100 in position and quantity. The plurality of connector terminals 210 can have similar structures to each other. Each connector terminal 210 can include a mating contact end and a cable attachment end located at both ends. The mating contact end of the connector terminal 210 is structurally complementary to the mating contact end 110B of the connector terminal 110, for example, the mating contact end 110B of the connector terminal 110 can be inserted into the mating contact end of the connector terminal 210, so that after the first electrical connector 100 is connected to the second electrical connector 200, the mating contact end 110B of the first electrical connector 100 can contact the mating contact end of the second electrical connector 200, thereby forming an electrical connection. The second electrical connector 200 can be a socket connector.

[0088] The electrical connector needs to include a ground wire of suitable specifications to prevent leakage caused by insulation damage, humid environment, etc. from causing personal harm. According to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard, the power cable used to transmit power can be thicker than the ground cable, for example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the power cable can be 1.5-2 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the ground cable. The first cable 300 may include a first type of cable connected to the first connector terminal 111 and a second type of cable connected to the second connector terminal 112. The two types of cables may have different wire diameters. Accordingly, the cable attachment ends connected to the first type of cable and the second type of cable are also different. Exemplarily, under the American wire gauge (AWG), the diameter of the first type of cable can be 4-6AWG, and the diameter of the second type of cable can be 6-8AWG. Therefore, the first type of cable can safely transmit a larger current. Relatively speaking, since the ground wire does not need to pass a large current, a smaller wire diameter is used under the premise of meeting international and domestic standards, which can reduce the weight and cost of the cable. Exemplarily, whether it is the first electrical connector 100 or the second electrical connector 200, the two first connector terminals may have opposite polarities. As described above, the two first type cables connected to the first connector terminals may be positive and negative, respectively. By arranging the second connector terminal below the two first connector terminals, a foolproof effect can be achieved, and the two connectors 100 and 200 will not mate with each other at a wrong angle.

[0089] The inventors also realized and understood that by providing multiple connector terminals insulated from each other in an electrical connector, it is convenient to electrically connect to the energy storage device. Multiple connector terminals may include a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and a ground terminal, so that the connection between power lines can be completed through one connector, and the operation is simpler. These connector terminals can connect different types of cables, such as cables with different wire diameters, which can be easily noticed by the user during the assembly process, thereby effectively avoiding mistakes during assembly. In compliance with international and domestic standards, the wire diameter of the cable can be reasonably configured to reduce the cost of the cable and reduce the weight. The multiple connector terminals of the plug connector and the multiple connector terminals of the socket connector correspond one to one. Only when the plug connector and the socket connector are correctly connected can an electrical connection be established, which can effectively avoid the situation where the line is reversed and the component is damaged.

[0090] In some embodiments, the first electrical connector 100 may include a first housing 120. Figure 4AAs shown. Multiple connector terminals 110 can be fixed in the first housing 120. The first housing 120 can be molded from an insulating material such as plastic. The plastic can include but is not limited to liquid crystal polymer (LCP), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), high temperature nylon, polyphenylene oxide (PPO) or polypropylene (PP), or other materials can also be used. In some cases, the plastic can be a thermosetting plastic. In some cases, the insulating plastic can include insulating materials such as glass fiber reinforcement. The first housing 120 can serve to accommodate multiple connector terminals 110 and keep the multiple connector terminals 110 insulated from each other. A first polarity mark 124 that identifies the purpose of the connector terminal 110 can be provided on the outer side of the first housing 120. The first housing 120 can have a mounting portion 121 configured for mounting to a panel of a device to be connected. The mounting portion 121 can be made in one piece on the first housing 120. The one-piece molding can make the first housing 120 have sufficient mechanical strength and precision, require fewer processing steps, and make it more cost-effective.

[0091] In some embodiments, the mounting portion 121 may surround the side of the first housing 120. Exemplarily, the mounting portion 121 may be a flange surrounding the first housing 120. The mounting portion 121 may be provided with a mounting hole 1211. The mounting hole 1211 may be fixed to the panel of the device to be connected. An annular groove 125 may be provided on the surface of the mounting portion 121 facing the panel, and a first waterproof ring 130 is provided in the annular groove 125. As described above, the mounting portion 121 may be formed by the above-mentioned flange, and the flange may limit the first electrical connector 100 when the first electrical connector 100 is installed to the panel. Figure 5A 1 is a perspective view of the first housing 120 and the lock assembly 140 of the first electrical connector 100 viewed from the rear. As shown in the figure, the mounting portion 121 may be provided with an annular groove 125, which may be provided for the first waterproof ring 130 (see Figure 5B and 5C ) for limiting. Exemplarily, the mounting portion 121 is located on the front side of the panel when the first electrical connector 100 is installed to the panel, so the annular groove 125 is located on the back side of the mounting portion 121. The mounting hole 1211 can be provided on the periphery of the first waterproof ring 130. After being fixed to the panel by fasteners passing through the mounting hole 1211, the mounting portion 121 and the panel can clamp the first waterproof ring 130 therebetween, thereby forming a waterproof connection between the first electrical connector 100 and the panel. The first waterproof ring 130 can be made of a flexible material such as silicone. Figure 5B and 5CAs shown, the cross-section of the first waterproof ring 130 can be in the shape of a "concave" character, and the opening of the "concave" character can be installed toward the panel. Therefore, the first waterproof ring 130 can include an inner ring sealing layer 131 and an outer ring sealing layer 132. When squeezed, the inner ring sealing layer 131 and the outer ring sealing layer 132 can respectively undergo appropriate deformation, thereby forming a double-layer seal between the mounting portion 121 and the panel, thereby enhancing the waterproof effect. The annular groove 125 can accommodate a portion of the first waterproof ring 130, so that the mounting portion 121 can fit tightly with the panel without generating a gap. At the same time, the deformation of the first waterproof ring 130 after being squeezed is within a certain range, preventing the first waterproof ring 130 from being aged faster due to excessive pressure.

[0092] The first electrical connector 100 can be installed on the panel of the device to be connected and form a seal with the panel. After the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 are plugged into each other, a waterproof ring can be set between the two. Thus, the waterproof level of the connector system including the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 can meet higher requirements, such as meeting P67. As for the first electrical connector 100 itself, its waterproof level can be relatively low. After all, the outside of the device to be connected with the first electrical connector 100 can also be usually provided with an outer cover. Thus, the cost can be reduced.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first electrical connector 100 may further include a lock assembly 140 disposed on the first housing 120. The lock assembly 140 may be pivotable between a locked position and an unlocked position. When the lock assembly 140 is in the locked position, it is locked with the matching second electrical connector 200 to ensure the reliability of the connection between the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200. When the lock assembly 140 is in the unlocked position, the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 may be separated from each other or plugged into each other. In some embodiments, the lock assembly 140 may be pivotally connected to the first housing 120 so as to be pivotable between a locked position and an unlocked position. In conjunction with reference Figure 3 , Figure 4A and Figure 5AIn the specific embodiment shown in the figure, a cylindrical pivot protrusion 122 may be provided on the first housing 120, and the lock assembly 140 may include an opening that matches the pivot protrusion 122, and the opening of the lock assembly 140 is sleeved on the pivot protrusion 122, so that the lock assembly 140 can pivot around the central axis of the pivot protrusion 122 (i.e., the pivot axis described below). The lock assembly 140 is provided to lock the first electrical connector 100 with the second electrical connector 200 to prevent the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 from loosening due to external factors such as vibration and pulling, resulting in poor contact, arcing, etc. The lock assembly 140 can also provide pressure on the waterproof assembly (if any) between the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 to prevent gaps in the seal, resulting in the entry of water vapor, causing rust, electrochemical corrosion, or even short circuits.

[0094] In some embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4A As shown, the lock assembly 140 may include a wrench 141 and a pair of support members 142. The wrench 141 spans the first housing 120 along the lateral direction. Both ends of the wrench 141 are pivotally connected to the first housing 120 between a locked position and an unlocked position around a pivot axis parallel to the lateral direction. A pair of support members 142 are respectively connected to the inner side of both ends of the wrench 141 and can pivot with the wrench 141. The two ends of the wrench 141 and the pair of support members 142 together form a hook portion. The hook portion can be configured to be locked with the second electrical connector 200 when the wrench 141 is in the locked position. A locking protrusion 251 can be provided on the second electrical connector 200, and the hook portion can be engaged with the locking protrusion 251.

[0095] Continue to refer Figure 4A, the wrench 141 may include an upwardly curved "brim", and the user may apply force to the "brim" to rotate the wrench 141 around the pivot axis. As described above, the two sides of the first housing 120 may be respectively provided with pivot protrusions 122, and the pivot protrusions 122 protrude outwardly from the outer side of the first housing 120 along the pivot axis. Pivot holes 141A may be provided at both ends of the wrench 141. The wrench 141 is pivotally connected to the pivot protrusion 122 through the pivot hole 141A. The wrench 141 may be in a U-shape with an opening downward, and the spacing between the two ends of the wrench 141 is less than the spacing between the protruding ends of the two pivot protrusions 122. During the installation process, the two ends of the wrench 141 may be deformed under the action of an external force, so that the pivot protrusion 122 cooperates with the pivot holes 141A on the two ends of the wrench 141. In this way, the wrench 141 can be easily installed to the first housing 120. The wrench 141 can be made of a material with a certain deformation ability and high mechanical strength. Exemplarily, the wrench 141 can be made of various suitable materials, such as plastic, metal, etc. In the embodiment shown in the figure, the wrench 141 is made of metal and is formed by sheet metal processing. Sheet metal processing can produce parts in large quantities and quickly at a low cost. The thickness of sheet metal parts will affect the difficulty of processing. Too thick sheets may have defects such as cracks after bending. Therefore, the wrench 141 can be made of thinner metal. Since the first electrical connector 100 and the matching second electrical connector 200 may be subjected to a large tensile force, the lock assembly 140 needs to have sufficient strength to resist the tensile force. To this end, a support member 142 can be provided. The support member 142 does not need a complex structure and can be produced by stamping and the like. Its thickness can be greater than that of the wrench 141. The support member 142 can pivot coaxially with the wrench 141, and the two ends of the wrench 141 and a pair of support members 142 together form a hook. Return to reference Figure 1 to Figure 2, the hook portion can cooperate with the housing of the adapted second electrical connector 200, thereby preventing the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 from being separated. The wrench 141 and the support member 142 can be fixed to each other by a fixing member 143 such as a rivet to synchronously pivot around the pivot axis. The user only needs to lift the wrench 141 to pivot the lock assembly 140 to the unlocked position. Exemplarily, each support member 142 can be generally V-shaped, one end of which is fixed to the wrench 141 by a fixing member 143, and the other end is pivotably connected to the pivot protrusion 122 together with the wrench 141 to strengthen the connection strength between the wrench 141 and the first housing 120. A pair of support members 142 can be located on the inner side of both ends of the wrench 141, respectively. In this way, a pair of support members 142 can strengthen the connection between the wrench 141 and the first shell 120, and the locking between the wrench 141 and the second electrical connector 200. However, when the wrench 141 fixed with the support members 142 is installed on the first shell 120, the support members 142 may not affect the deformation ability of the wrench 141, and therefore will not affect the installation of the wrench 141.

[0096] In some embodiments, a plurality of first installation channels 123 extending in the axial direction may be provided in the first housing 120. Figure 4A , Figure 5A and Figures 6A-6D As shown. The first housing 120 has a mating interface 120A and a cable interface 120B located at both ends thereof. Multiple first mounting channels 123 extend from the mating interface 120A to the cable interface 120B. Multiple connector terminals 110 are correspondingly inserted into the multiple first mounting channels 123. A clamp 170 can be provided in each first mounting channel 123. Each connector terminal 110 can be fixed in the corresponding first mounting channel 123 by the clamp 170. Figure 6C Compared to Figure 6A-6B The connector terminal 110 is removed, Fig.6D Compared to Figure 6C The clamp 170 is removed. The clamp 170 can be made of a material with greater mechanical strength and certain elasticity, such as metal or hard plastic. Fig. 6E As shown, the clamp 170 may be in the shape of a round tube with a slit 172. When subjected to radial external force, the diameter of the clamp 170 is reduced by reducing the width of the slit 172, and the clamp 170 may rebound to its original size after the external force disappears. Of course, in other embodiments, the clamp may also adopt other suitable shapes.

[0097] like Figure 6C and Fig.6DAs shown, a first stop protrusion 1231 and a second stop protrusion 1232 are respectively provided on the inner side wall of each first mounting channel 123. The second stop protrusion 1232 and the first stop protrusion 1231 are sequentially arranged and spaced apart from each other along the insertion direction of the connector terminal 110 into the first mounting channel 123. The clamp 170 is installed into the first mounting channel 123 from the rear end. During the installation process, the clamp 170 first passes over the second stop protrusion 1232 and then remains between the first stop protrusion 1231 and the second stop protrusion 1232. Exemplarily, the rear surface of the first stop protrusion 1231 is inclined to form a part of a tapered surface that gradually shrinks along the insertion direction of the connector terminal 110. During the installation of the clamp 170, it is gradually squeezed by the rear surface of the first stop protrusion 1231, so that the slit 172 narrows until it passes over the second stop protrusion 1232. Finally, the deformation is restored and embedded between the first stop protrusion 1231 and the second stop protrusion 1232 .

[0098] The first stop protrusion 1231 and the second stop protrusion 1232 may both be annular. Optionally, the first stop protrusion 1231 and the second stop protrusion 1232 may also respectively include a protrusion or a plurality of discretely distributed protrusions arranged along the circumferential direction around the first installation channel 123. In the illustrated embodiment, the first stop protrusion 1231 is annular, and along the radial direction, the size of the first stop protrusion 1231 protruding into the first installation channel 123 is greater than the size of the second stop protrusion 1232 protruding. The first opening enclosed by the first stop protrusion 1231 only allows the thinner mating contact end 110B of the connector terminal 110 to pass through. The limiting step surface 110D of the connector terminal 110 also abuts against the first stop protrusion 1231. The second opening enclosed by the second stop protrusion 1232 allows the thicker cable attachment end 110A of the connector terminal 110 to pass through. In addition, the second opening is larger than the first opening to facilitate installation of the clamp 170 .

[0099] For example, the second stop protrusion 1232 may include a plurality of protrusions discretely distributed along the circumferential direction, such as Fig.6DAs shown. There is a gap 1234 between adjacent protrusions. A plurality of arc-shaped slots 1233 may be provided at positions corresponding to the plurality of protrusions along the axial direction on the annular first stop protrusion 1231. In other words, if the second stop protrusion 1232 is projected onto the first stop protrusion 1231 along the axial direction, the exposed area of ​​each arc-shaped slot 1233 can completely cover the projection of the corresponding protrusion. The aforementioned exposed area may be greater than or equal to the projection. The portion of the first stop protrusion 1231 corresponding to the gap 1234 may be solid. As described above, the first shell 120 may be formed by injection molding. Since the space between the first stop protrusion 1231 and the second stop protrusion 1232 is thicker than the first opening formed by the first stop protrusion 1231 and the second opening formed by the second stop protrusion 1232, the plurality of arc-shaped slots 1233 formed on the first stop protrusion 1231 may facilitate mold opening. The space between the first stop protrusion 1231 and the second stop protrusion 1232 can be processed by two molds that are complementary in shape and by respectively drafting toward the rear through the interval 1234 and drafting toward the front through the arc-shaped groove 1233.

[0100] See also FIG. 6A to FIG. 6E The side wall of the clamp 170 may be provided with an inwardly bent spring 171. The spring 171 is bent inwardly along the insertion direction of the connector terminal 110 into the first installation channel 123. Figure 4B-4C , a tapered surface 110F is provided on the side of the cable attachment end 110A of the connector terminal 110. The outer diameter of the tapered surface 110F gradually decreases along the insertion direction of the connector terminal 110, and forms an abutment surface 110G behind the limiting step surface 110D. The abutment surface 110G faces backward. After the clamp 170 is installed in place in the first installation channel 123, the connector terminal 110 can be inserted into the first installation channel 123. During the insertion process, the limiting step surface 110D first passes through the clamp 170 and squeezes the spring leaf 171 to expand outward in the radial direction; when the portion between the limiting step surface 110D and the abutment surface 110G completely passes over the spring leaf 171, the spring leaf 171 recovers its deformation and closes, for example, abuts against the tapered surface 110F, thereby limiting the abutment surface 110G of the connector terminal 110. The connector terminal 110 is limited by the first stop protrusion 1231 in the forward direction, and is thus clamped between the spring sheet 171 and the first stop protrusion 1231. Preferably, the connector terminal 110 can be installed in the clamp 170 and the first installation channel 123 after being connected to the first cable 300.

[0101] like Fig. 6AAs shown, the first mounting channel 123 can be constructed to be long enough so that the connector terminal 110 can be completely located in the first mounting channel 123, at least so that the mating contact end 110B of the connector terminal 110 can be completely located in the first mounting channel 123. In addition, the mating contact end 110B of the connector terminal 110 can be provided with an insulating cap 180. The insulating cap 180 is preferably also located in the first mounting channel 123. The gap between the insulating cap 180 and the inner side wall of the first mounting channel 123 is small enough to prevent a hand from accidentally touching the connector terminal 110 when inserted into the gap. The insulating cap 180 only covers the end of the mating contact end 110B, and the connector terminal of the second electrical connector 200 that is adapted can be inserted into the gap between the outer side wall of the mating contact end 110B and the inner side wall of the first mounting channel 123, so that the two connector terminals can be in electrical contact.

[0102] The second electrical connector 200 provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Although in the illustrated embodiment, the second electrical connector 200 is a socket connector, optionally, the second electrical connector 200 may also be a plug connector. The connector terminal 210 of the second electrical connector 200 may include two first connector terminals 211 and one second connector terminal 212. After the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 are adapted and connected, the first connector terminal 111 of the first electrical connector 100 is electrically contacted with the first connector terminal 211 of the second electrical connector 200, and the second connector terminal 112 of the first electrical connector 100 is electrically contacted with the second connector terminal 212 of the second electrical connector 200.

[0103] The first connector terminal 211 may include a mating contact end 211C and a cable attachment end 211D at both ends thereof, and the second connector terminal 212 may include a mating contact end 212C and a cable attachment end 212D at both ends thereof. The first connector terminal 211 and the second connector terminal 212 may be curved, with an angle between the mating contact ends 211C, 212C and the cable attachment ends 211D, 212D. 7A to 7C, exemplarily, the angle shown in the figure can be 90°, and the electrical connector with an angle can be suitable for occasions where a certain angle is required for the connection between the cable and the connector joint. Of course, in embodiments not shown, the angle can also be smaller or larger. An intermediate section 211E is connected between the mating contact end 211C and the cable attachment end 211D, and an intermediate section 212E is connected between the mating contact end 212C and the cable attachment end 212D. The intermediate sections 211E and 212E are curved so that an angle is formed between the mating contact ends 211C, 212C and the cable attachment ends 211D, 212D. The first connector terminal 211 can semi-enclose the second connector terminal 212, so that the first connector terminal 211 is longer than the second connector terminal 212. In this way, the mating contact ends 211C, 212C of the three connector terminals 210 can be located on the same plane, and the cable attachment ends 211D, 212D can be located on the same plane.

[0104] In addition to the length, the first connector terminal 211 and the second connector terminal 212 may have a substantially similar structure. An integral second shell 250 may be secondary molded on the first connector terminal 211 and the second connector terminal 212. On the curved connector terminal 210, the second shell 250 may be secondary molded by injection molding or other processes. The secondary molded second shell 250 may form a close fit with the plurality of connector terminals 210, thereby effectively avoiding the intrusion of foreign matter such as water vapor and improving the waterproof level. Injection molding may also reduce production costs. The surface of the second shell 250 may also be provided with a second polarity mark 252 corresponding to the connector terminal 210. The two first connector terminals 211 may be power terminals, respectively used to connect the positive and negative poles of the power supply, and the second polarity mark 252 may be used to identify the polarity of the two first connector terminals 211. The second connector terminal 212 may be a ground terminal.

[0105] In some embodiments, the mating contact end 211C of the first connector terminal 211 and the mating contact end 212C of the second connector terminal 212 may have first sockets 211A and 212A, respectively. A first crown spring 221 is provided in the first sockets 211A and 212A, and the first crown spring 221 is used to receive and electrically contact the connector terminal 110 of the first electrical connector 100 that is adapted. When the connector terminal 110 of the first electrical connector 100 is inserted into the first crown spring 221, a certain elastic force needs to be overcome so that the first crown spring 221 and the connector terminal 110 can form a sufficient electrical connection. The first crown spring 221 can be welded or installed in the first sockets 211A and 212A by interference fit, so that the first crown spring 221 can be in sufficient electrical contact with the first connector terminal 211 and the second connector terminal 212. The connector terminal 210 can be made of a metal material such as a copper alloy, and specifically can be made of brass, so that it has good conductivity. Figures 7A to 7B As shown, the first crown spring 221 can be generally tubular, and the middle part of the first crown spring 221 can be contracted relative to its two ends to form a structure with thick ends and thin middle. The side of the first crown spring 221 can have a through slit. The inner diameter of the first plug hole 211A and 212A can be slightly smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the corresponding first crown spring 221 in the natural state. After the first crown spring 221 is installed in the corresponding first plug hole 211A and 212A, the diameter can be reduced by force, and it can be kept in the first plug hole 211A and 212A by its own elastic force. In addition, the two ends of the first crown spring 221 can fully contact with the inner side of the first plug hole 211A and 212A, thereby ensuring the reliability of the electrical connection. After the connector terminal 110 of the first electrical connector 100 is inserted into the first crown spring 221, the contracted middle part of the first crown spring 221 can expand outward, exert a certain pressure on the connector terminal 110 of the first electrical connector 100, thereby forming a sufficiently large contact area and playing a fixing role at the same time. In addition, an oxide layer may be formed on the surface of the first crown spring 221 and the connector terminal 110 of the first electrical connector 100, or stains may be attached. When the connector terminal 110 is inserted into the first crown spring 221, the surfaces of the two may be scraped against each other, and the stains or oxide layer may be peeled off and damaged to a certain extent, thereby ensuring a good electrical connection.

[0106] As described above, a second housing 250 is integrally molded on a plurality of connector terminals 210. The second housing 250 has a mating interface 250A and a cable interface 250B located at both ends thereof. The plurality of connector terminals 210 are connected from the mating interface 250A and the cable interface 250B. The mating interface 250A has a plurality of protrusions protruding outward, and the mating contact ends 211C, 212C of the plurality of connector terminals 210 extend into the protrusions one by one. When the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 are connected to each other, these protrusions can be inserted into the first mounting channel 123 of the first electrical connector 100. The openings of the exposed corresponding connector terminals 210 on these protrusions are small, so as to avoid the risk of electric shock caused by fingers touching the connector terminals 210 inside.

[0107] In some embodiments, the cable attachment end 211D of the first connector terminal 211 and the cable attachment end 212D of the second connector terminal 212 may include second receptacles 211B and 212B, respectively. A second crown spring 222 may be disposed in each of the second receptacles 211B and 212B. The second crown spring 222 may be configured to receive and electrically contact the second cable 400 (see Fig.11) of the first connector terminal 211. The second crown spring 222 is similar in shape and structure to the first crown spring 221, and can be installed in the second jacks 211B and 212B in a similar manner. As shown in the figure, in order to improve the waterproof level, the cable attachment end 211D of the first connector terminal 211 and the cable attachment end 212D of the second connector terminal 212 can be located in the second housing 250, for example, in the cable interface 250B of the second housing 250. Therefore, it is difficult to connect the second cable 400 to the cable attachment end 211D of the first connector terminal 211 and the cable attachment end 212D of the second connector terminal 212 by conventional means, such as welding or crimping. Therefore, the connection end of the second cable 400 can be directly inserted into the second jacks 211B and 212B, so that the connection end of the second cable 400 is in electrical contact with the second crown spring 222. In this way, before the second housing 250 is overmolded on the plurality of connector terminals 210, the plurality of connector terminals 210 do not need to be connected to the second cable 400. In other words, the second electrical connector 200 does not need to carry the second cable 400. The user can connect the second cable 400 to be connected to the second electrical connector 200 to the connector terminal 210 by inserting, thereby reducing the difficulty of connection. The plurality of second cables 400 may include two first-type cables connected to the two first connector terminals 211 and a second-type cable connected to the second connector terminal 212. The two types of cables may have different wire diameters. For example, the diameter of the first type of cable may be 4-6AWG, and the diameter of the second type of cable may be 6-8AWG. The first type of cable can safely transmit a larger current, and the second type of cable uses a smaller wire diameter, which can reduce the weight and cost of the cable.

[0108] Common cables include soft wires and hard wires. The connecting end of the hard wire is a complete wire, which can be easily inserted into the second crown spring 222 installed in the above-mentioned connector terminal 210 to form a good electrical connection. As for the soft wire, since the connecting end of the soft wire is formed by a plurality of thinner conductive wires put together or twisted, when inserting into the second crown spring 222, bifurcation and the like may occur, and there is a high probability of poor contact. The conductive wire may also become entangled with the second crown spring 222, making installation difficult; or when it is desired to remove the cable, the conductive wire may also bring the second crown spring 222 out of the second jacks 211B and 212B of the connector terminal 210. To solve the above problems, the connecting ends of the cable can be soldered into one strand and then inserted into the second crown spring 222. However, as described above, in order to improve the waterproof level, the cable attachment ends 211D and 212D of the connector terminal 210 are both located inside the second shell 250, such as Figure 8BRegardless of whether a soft wire or a hard wire is used, the connection between the cable 400 and the cable attachment ends 211D and 212D needs to be performed inside the second housing 250, which causes inconvenience in operation and makes it impossible to confirm whether the cable 400 and the cable attachment ends 211D and 212D are in sufficient and reliable electrical contact.

[0109] Based on this, in some embodiments, a cable terminal 230 may be provided, see Fig.10 . The connection ends of the plurality of second cables 400 may be connected to the cable attachment end 211D of the first connector terminal 211 and the cable attachment end 212D of the second connector terminal 212 correspondingly through the plurality of cable terminals 230. A cable terminal 230 may be fixed to the connection end of each second cable 400. The cable terminal 230 may be correspondingly inserted into the second jacks 211B and 212B of the cable attachment ends 211D and 212D and electrically contacted with the second crown spring 222, thereby achieving electrical connection between the second cable 400 and the corresponding connector terminal 210. The assembly of the second cable 400 and the cable terminal 230 may be performed outside the second housing 250. The cable interface 250B of the second housing 250 may have an installation opening 254. The cable terminal 230 may be connected to the corresponding cable attachment ends 211D and 212D via the installation opening 254.

[0110] like Fig.10As shown, the cable terminal 230 may have opposite terminal attachment ends 231 and cable attachment ends 232. The terminal attachment end 231 may be solid to provide sufficient rigidity to facilitate insertion into the corresponding second jack 211B or 212B. Preferably, the terminal attachment end 231 may squeeze the second crown spring 222 in the corresponding second jack, so that the second crown spring 222 may apply a certain pressure to the terminal attachment end 231 in the radial direction. In this way, it can be ensured that the terminal attachment end 231 and the second crown spring 222 can be fully electrically contacted, and the terminal attachment end 231 can also be firmly held in the second jack. A cable receiving hole 233 may be provided in the cable attachment end 232. The corresponding second cable 400 may be inserted into the cable receiving hole 233. After the second cable 400 is inserted into the cable receiving hole 233, the cable attachment end 232 can be pressed onto the end of the second cable 400 located in the cable receiving hole 233 by a crimping pliers, so that the cable terminal 230 is tightly combined with the second cable 400 and forms a good electrical connection. At this time, it is required that at least the portion of the cable terminal 230 that forms the cable attachment end 232 has good ductility to avoid cracks during crimping, and after crimping, it should fit tightly with the second cable 400 without a gap due to rebound. Exemplarily, after the second cable 400 is inserted into the cable receiving hole 233, it can be connected by brazing or resistance welding. In the above-mentioned usage scenario, taking brazing as an example, the cable attachment end 232 should be able to use common brazing materials to form good wetting, so as to avoid the second cable 400 and the cable attachment end 232 from separating or forming a gap after welding.

[0111] A limiting flange 234 may be formed between the terminal attachment end 231 and the cable attachment end 232. The limiting flange 234 may limit the depth of the terminal attachment end 231 inserted into the second insertion hole 211B or 212B of the corresponding connector terminal 210. Optionally, the limiting flange 234 may also protrude from the outer side wall of the cable attachment end 232 in the radial direction, so that the limiting flange 234 may also abut against the mounting plate 290 to be mentioned later, so as to facilitate the insertion of multiple cable terminals 230 into the second insertion holes 211B and 212B of multiple connector terminals 210 together.

[0112] Similar to the connector terminal 110, a through hole 235 is provided on the side wall of the cable attachment end 232. The through hole 235 can be connected to the cable receiving hole 233. Exemplarily, the second cable 400 is connected to the cable attachment end 232 by brazing. Exemplarily, a brazing material (such as tin paste) can be injected into the cable receiving hole 233, and then the second cable 400 is inserted into the cable receiving hole 233, and then the whole is heated. During the heating process, the gas generated by the flux of the brazing material can be discharged through the through hole 235 to prevent the melted brazing material from splashing due to pressure, so that the brazing material can form a good infiltration with the second cable 400 and the inner wall of the cable receiving hole 233, ensuring the welding quality, thereby reducing the contact resistance. Optionally, excess solder can also overflow from the through hole 235.

[0113] In some embodiments, the second electrical connector 200 may further include a rear cover 260 and a waterproof gasket 280. Fig.9A , Fig. 9B and Fig.11 As shown. The rear cover 260 can be connected to the second housing 250 in any suitable manner, such as threaded connection, bonding, interference fit, etc. The rear cover 260 can close the installation opening 254 of the second housing 250. The rear cover 260 and the second housing 250 together form a receiving cavity. The cable attachment ends 211D and 212D of the plurality of connector terminals 210 extend into the receiving cavity, and the cable terminal 230 can be located in the receiving cavity. Fig. 7A and Figure 8B The second housing 250 is injection molded on the mating contact ends 211C and 212C and the intermediate sections 211E and 212E of the connector terminal 210. The cable attachment ends 211D and 212D are located within the second housing 250 but are not attached to the material forming the second housing 250.

[0114] The waterproof gasket 280 can seal the installation opening 254 of the second shell 250 to improve the waterproof performance. The waterproof gasket 280 can be made of an elastic material, for example, silicone, rubber and the like. The waterproof gasket 280 can be provided with a plurality of threading holes 281 that are coaxial with the plurality of cable terminals 230, respectively. The plurality of second cables 400 connected to the plurality of cable terminals 230 pass through the plurality of threading holes 281 one by one and extend outside the back cover 260. In addition to sealing the installation opening 254, the waterproof gasket 280 also seals between the plurality of second cables 400. In this way, a larger back cover opening 261 for all the second cables 400 to pass through can be provided on the back cover 260, such as Figure 8B and Fig. 9BThe function of the back cover 260 is to keep the waterproof gasket 280 in the second housing 250 and protect the parts in the second housing 250. In order to enhance the sealing effect, a plurality of annular convex ribs 282 may be provided on the inner side wall of each threading hole 281, such as Fig. 9B As shown. A plurality of annular convex ribs 282 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the threading hole 281. When the corresponding second cable 400 passes through the threading hole 281, the plurality of annular convex ribs 282 respectively contact the outer side surface of the second cable 400 and form a multi-layer seal, thereby enhancing the waterproof effect. In addition, the contact area between the inner side wall of the threading hole 281 and the second cable 400 can be reduced, making it easier for the second cable 400 to pass into the threading hole 281.

[0115] The inner diameter of the threading hole 281 can be slightly larger or smaller than the outer diameter of the second cable 400. For a threading hole 281 that is slightly thinner than the second cable 400, when the user inserts the second cable 400, the threading hole 281 will be deformed, thereby closely fitting the outer surface of the second cable 400. After the second housing 250 and the back cover 260 are connected, the other parts of the waterproof gasket 280 can be squeezed, so that the waterproof gasket 280 plays a sealing and waterproof role in the second housing 250 and the back cover 260. For a threading hole 281 that is slightly thicker than the second housing 250 and the back cover 260, the second cable 400 can pass through the threading hole 281 more easily. After the back cover 260 is assembled, the back cover 260 and the second housing 250 can compress the waterproof gasket 280, so that the thickness of the waterproof gasket 280 becomes thinner. The diameter of the threading hole 281 becomes smaller, so that it fits closely with the second cable 400 and plays a waterproof role. The waterproof gasket 280 arranged in this way can play a good waterproof role even if there is a processing deviation.

[0116] In some embodiments, the second electrical connector 200 may further include a rigid straight tube 270 housed in the second housing 250. Fig.9A and Fig. 9B As shown. A plurality of second cables 400 may pass through the straight tube 270. The straight tube 270 may be located between the waterproof gasket 280 and the back cover 260. One end of the waterproof gasket 280 is inserted into the straight tube 270, and the back cover 260 rests against the straight tube 270. The back cover 260 may be made of a rigid material. When the back cover 260 is threadedly connected to the second shell 250, during the assembly process, the back cover 260 will squeeze the waterproof gasket 280 and rotate when it is about to be installed in place, thereby increasing the resistance to rotation and easily causing the waterproof gasket 280 to wear. As shown Fig.9AAs shown, a rigid straight tube 270 can be provided between the waterproof gasket 280 and the rear cover 260. The rigid straight tube 270 can be made of materials such as engineering plastics and Teflon, and can have self-lubricating properties. Therefore, when the rear cover 260 rotates, even if the straight tube 270 is squeezed by the rear cover 260, there can be a small friction between the rear cover 260. In this way, there will not be a lot of resistance before the rear cover 260 is rotated to the locking position, and even if it is repeatedly disassembled, the waterproof gasket 280 will not be worn and the waterproof performance will not be reduced.

[0117] In some embodiments, the second electrical connector 200 may further include a mounting disk 290. The mounting disk 290 may be mounted into the second housing 250 via the mounting opening 254. A plurality of disk through holes 291 are provided on the mounting disk 290. A cable attachment end of a connector terminal 210 and a cable terminal 230 connected to the cable attachment end may be accommodated in each disk through hole 291. The mounting disk 290 may be made of an insulating material. The mounting disk 290 may electrically insulate the cable attachment ends of the plurality of connector terminals 210 and the plurality of cable terminals 230 from each other. The mounting disk 290 has a first end 292 and a second end 293 opposite to each other along the extension direction of the cable terminal 230, the first end 292 abutting against the waterproof gasket 280, and the second end 293 abutting against the second housing 250. The mounting disk 290 is clamped between the waterproof gasket 280 and the second housing 250. The mounting disk 290 may keep the cable attachment ends of the respective connector terminals 210 and the respective cable terminals 230 in a desired position. Moreover, the mounting plate 290 also has the ability to maintain the position and shape of the waterproof gasket 280 to prevent the waterproof gasket 280 from deforming and affecting the waterproof performance. The inner diameter of the plate through hole 291 can be adapted to the cable terminal 230.

[0118] However, in actual assembly, since the cable terminal 230 requires a certain external force to be reliably plugged into the second crown spring 222 of the connector terminal 210, and the cable terminal 230 needs to be completely embedded in the second housing 250 after being installed, and it is best to leave a certain space between the cable terminal 230 and the installation opening 254 of the second housing 250 to place the waterproof gasket 280. Inserting the cable terminal 230 into the second crown spring 222 in the second housing 250 requires the use of a slender tool so that the tool can be inserted into the second housing 250 through the installation opening 254. In addition, as the size of the connector becomes smaller, the operating space for assembly is very limited. The above-mentioned various reasons will increase the difficulty of assembly and thus increase the cost. The inventors recognize and realize that the cable terminal 230 can be plugged into the second crown spring 222 of the connector terminal 210 using the installation disk 290.

[0119] For example, a limiting flange 234 may be provided on the side of each cable terminal 230. Fig.10As shown. The limiting flange 234 can be located between the terminal attachment end 231 and the cable attachment end 232. The limiting flange 234 has a first limiting surface 234A and a second limiting surface 234B opposite to each other along the extension direction of the cable terminal 230. Each connector terminal 210 can be abutted against the first limiting surface 234A of the limiting flange 234 of the corresponding cable terminal 230. The side surface of each plate through hole 291 can be provided with a step surface 291A, such as Fig.9D The step surface 291A may face the corresponding connector terminal 210. Thus, the portion of the disk through hole 291 between the step surface 291A and the first end 292 of the mounting disk 290 has a thicker inner diameter, while the portion of the disk through hole 291 between the step surface 291A and the second end 293 of the mounting disk 290 has a thinner inner diameter.

[0120] Exemplarily, the assembly process of the cable terminal 230 and the second crown spring 222 is as follows:

[0121] First, the second cables 400 can be passed through the plurality of through holes 291 on the mounting plate 290 one by one. In the case where the second electrical connector 200 includes the straight tube 270 and the waterproof gasket 280, before passing the second cables 400 through the mounting plate 290, the second cables 400 can be passed through the rear cover 260, the straight tube 270 and the waterproof gasket 280 in sequence, and then passed through the mounting plate 290 one by one, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 shown.

[0122] Then, the cable ends extending from the first end portion 292 of the mounting plate 290 are connected to the cable terminals 230 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0123] Next, the second cable 400 is pulled so that all of the cable terminals 230 are inserted into the tray through-hole 291 from the first end portion 292 .

[0124] Then, the cable terminal 230 is aligned with the second crown spring 222 in the connector terminal 210 , and an upward force is directly applied to the mounting plate 290 , so that all the cable terminals 230 are inserted into the second crown spring 222 together, thereby quickly completing the assembly.

[0125] After assembly, the second limiting surface 234B of the limiting flange 234 can abut against the step surface 291A. Moreover, under the pressure of the waterproof gasket 280 and the back cover 260, the step surface 291A of the plate through hole 291 can always abut against the second limiting surface 234B of the limiting flange 234, ensuring the reliability of the connection between the cable terminal 230 and the second crown spring 222.

[0126] Exemplarily, the mounting plate 290 may include a foolproof structure, for example, the diameter of the plate through hole 291 for the first type of cable to pass through may be greater than the diameter of the plate through hole 291 for the second type of cable to pass through. The opening of the plate through hole 291 near the second end 293 may be gradually opened toward the outside, so as to facilitate the second cable 400 to penetrate into the plate through hole 291. Exemplarily, a positioning structure may also be provided on the outer side wall of the mounting plate 290, and the positioning structure may extend to the rib along the axial direction. A corresponding groove may be provided on the inner side wall of the second housing 250. The direction in which the mounting plate 290 is installed into the second housing 250 can be determined by the positioning structure, so that the cable terminal 230 connected to the corresponding type of cable can be matched with the appropriate connector terminal 210.

[0127] In some embodiments, a slot 294 may be provided on the first end 292 of the mounting plate 290. Fig.9A and Fig. 9C As shown, the narrow slot 294 separates the first end 292 into a plurality of fixing posts 295. The narrow slot 294 can extend from the end surface of the first end 292 (i.e., the upper surface in the figure) along the axial direction toward the inside of the mounting disk 290. Each narrow slot 294 can extend from the center of the mounting disk 290 to the side wall, so that the separated fixing posts 295 are independent of each other. The plurality of disk through holes 291 pass through the plurality of fixing posts 295 correspondingly. Under the premise of ensuring the mechanical strength of the first end 292, the narrow slot 294 can have a certain width and depth. Exemplarily, the plurality of fixing posts 295 can have almost equal sizes.

[0128] The electrical connector may be suitable for higher voltage occasions. As mentioned above, the two first connector terminals 211 are connected to the positive pole and the negative pole respectively, and the second connector terminal 212 is connected to the ground wire. Taking the two first connector terminals 211 connected to the positive pole and the negative pole as an example, when the voltage is large enough and under certain conditions, such as dirt and dust on the surface of the insulator, creepage may occur on the surface of the insulator between the connector terminals. Specifically, the insulation strength of the pollutant may be lower than the insulation strength of the insulator and the insulation strength of the air, so that the insulation strength on the surface of the insulator is lower than the insulation strength inside the insulator and the insulation strength of the air between the connector terminals. Continuing to take the two first connector terminals 211 as an example, when there are pollutants on the surface of the insulator between the two, one of the first connector terminals 211 may break through the air between the pollutants, and the air between the pollutants and the other first connector terminal 211 may also be broken down, thereby forming a positive pole-pollutant-negative pole path, generating an arc and then creepage. The pollutants may be introduced during the assembly process, for example, pollutants that are difficult to detect with the naked eye may be left on the first end 292 of the mounting plate 290. The narrow groove 294 can ensure that even if the surface of the first end portion 292 is contaminated, the narrow groove 294 can still ensure sufficient insulation strength to avoid the occurrence of creepage. On the other hand, after the mounting plate 290 is installed in the second housing 250, even if there are pollutants on the surface that contaminate the inner wall of the second housing 250, due to the existence of the narrow groove 294, the inner wall of the second housing 250 corresponding to the narrow groove 294 will not be contaminated, so sufficient insulation strength can still be ensured, and creepage will not occur along the inner surface of the second housing 250.

[0129] From another perspective, the slot 294 can also increase the creepage distance and electrical clearance between the two terminals. In some power transmission systems, an isolation distance, such as a creepage distance and / or a gap, can be set between electrical contacts with different voltages. For example, a connector carrying high voltage can be designed with a creepage distance to prevent the connector from arcing in the expected working environment. As described above, the creepage distance refers to the path length on the surface where high voltage may exist between two conductors. The connector can be designed to have a gap to prevent arcing. The gap can be set based on the shortest path through the air between two conductors where high voltage exists in use. The creepage distance and gap distance to prevent arcing may depend on various factors, such as the voltage value between adjacent terminals in the connector and the degree of pollution in the use environment. The presence of the slot 294 can extend the creepage distance of the two terminals on the end face of the first end 292. In other words, the creepage distance is transformed from the original straight path to a path that at least partially passes through the inner wall of the slot, thereby greatly extending the path. As a result, the slot 294 can prevent possible creepage phenomena, ensure the insulation strength of the electrical connector, and ensure the reliability of use.

[0130] As described above, in some embodiments, the back cover 260 may be provided with an internal thread, and the second housing 250 may be provided with an external thread, so that at least a portion of the back cover 260 is sleeved on the second housing 250. At least a portion of the second housing 250 is inserted into the back cover 260. At the installation opening 254 where the second housing 250 is inserted into the back cover 260, a seal may be formed between the second housing 250 and the back cover 260 by a waterproof gasket 280, or the waterproof gasket 280 may directly seal the installation opening 254. For the end of the back cover 260 sleeved on the second housing 250, a second waterproof ring 241 may be used to achieve sealing, such as Fig. 9B As shown. The second waterproof ring 241 can be sleeved on the second housing 250 and clamped between the second housing 250 and the end of the rear cover 260 sleeved on the second housing 250, thereby preventing water vapor from entering between the threads and causing the connection between the rear cover 260 and the second housing 250 to loosen, further improving the waterproof sealing level. Exemplarily, the cross section of the second waterproof ring 241 can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc.

[0131] like Fig.11 As shown, first, the second waterproof ring 241 can be put on a suitable position on the second housing 250. After the second cable 400 passes through the rear cover 260, the straight tube 270, the waterproof gasket 280 and the mounting plate 290 in sequence and is connected to the cable terminal 230, the cable terminal 230, the mounting plate 290, the waterproof gasket 280 and the straight tube 270 can be pushed into the second housing 250 through the rear cover 260, and then the rear cover 260 is rotated. In the process of tightening the rear cover 260, the cable terminal 230 will be inserted into the corresponding second crown spring 222 under the pressure of the mounting plate 290. When the rear cover 260 is tightened, the second waterproof ring 241 can further seal the gap between the rear cover 260 and the second housing 250. In this way, the assembly of the second electrical connector 200 can be simply completed.

[0132] In some embodiments, a third waterproof ring 242 is provided on the mating interface 250A of the second housing 250 for mating with the adapting electrical connector. Fig. 9BAs shown, the third waterproof ring 242 is configured to form a seal between the second housing 250 and the first electrical connector 100 that is adapted. The third waterproof ring 242 can be sleeved on the end of the second housing 250, and can have a sufficient contact area with the second housing 250, thereby preventing the third waterproof ring 242 from accidentally falling off. Exemplarily, the cross-section of the third waterproof ring 242 can be in a "concave" shape. A groove can be provided on the surface of the third waterproof ring 242 facing the first electrical connector 100. The edge of the first housing 120 of the first electrical connector 100 can be inserted into the groove. In this way, the third waterproof ring 242 can be prevented from being offset when squeezed, forming a water leakage point. When the lock assembly 140 described above is pivoted to the locked position, the inclined surface of the lock assembly 140 can cooperate with the locking protrusion 251 on the second housing 250, so that the first housing 120 and the second housing 250 squeeze the third waterproof ring 242 together, thereby ensuring the waterproof effect. After the first electrical connector 100 is matched with the matching second electrical connector 200, the overall connector system can achieve the IP67 waterproof grade.

[0133] In some embodiments, a method for operating a connector system is also provided, comprising: pushing a second electrical connector 200 onto a first electrical connector 100 mounted on a board; and rotating a lock assembly 140 on the first electrical connector 100 to lock the second electrical connector 200 to the first electrical connector 100.

[0134] Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a connector system, which may include at least one group connector. Each group connector may include a plug connector and a socket connector. The plug connector may be, for example, the first electrical connector 100 mentioned above, and the socket connector may be, for example, the second electrical connector 200 mentioned above. The plug connector may be mounted on a board. The plug connector may include a plurality of plug connector terminals. The socket connector may include a plurality of socket connector terminals, one end of the plurality of socket connector terminals being mated to the plug connector so that the plurality of socket connector terminals are in electrical contact with the plurality of plug connector terminals. The plurality of socket electrical connector terminals are provided with a jack at the other end, and the jack is configured to receive a cable.

[0135] In some embodiments, two devices to be connected can be connected through the connector system. In this case, the connector system can include two sets of connectors, and the sockets of the socket connectors in the two sets of connectors can face each other and receive the two ends of the cable respectively. Fig.12As shown, one group of connectors may include a first electrical connector 100 mounted on a board 10, and a second electrical connector 200 adapted to the first electrical connector 100, and another group of connectors may include a first electrical connector 100' mounted on another board 10', and a second electrical connector 200' adapted to the first electrical connector 100'. The mating interface of the first electrical connector 100 and the mating interface of the second electrical connector 200 can be adapted to be connected. The mating interface of the first electrical connector 100' and the second electrical connector 200' can be adapted to be connected. The board 10 and the board 10' can be located on the housing or panel of different devices to be connected. The cable interfaces of the second electrical connectors 200 and 200' are respectively connected to the two ends of the plurality of second cables 400. Thus, two devices to be connected can be connected together through the plurality of second cables 400 and the second electrical connectors 200 and 200'. Such electrical connectors can be applied to various occasions. Typically, the connector system can be used for two devices to be connected arranged side by side, for example, the boards 10 and 10' of the two devices to be connected can face the same direction.

[0136] In other embodiments, the connector system includes two groups of connectors, and the sockets of the socket connectors in the two groups of connectors can face the same direction and be connected to both ends of multiple cables. Fig.13 As shown, one group of connectors may include a first electrical connector 100 mounted on a board 10, and a second electrical connector 200 adapted to the first electrical connector 100, and another group of connectors may include a first electrical connector 100' mounted on another board 10', and a second electrical connector 200' adapted to the first electrical connector 100'. The mating interface of the first electrical connector 100 and the mating interface of the second electrical connector 200 may be adapted to be connected. The mating interface of the first electrical connector 100' and the mating interface of the second electrical connector 200 may be adapted to be connected. The board 10 and the board 10' may be located on different housings or panels of devices to be connected. The cable interfaces of the second electrical connectors 200 and 200' are respectively connected to the two ends of a plurality of second cables 400. Fig.12 The connector system shown is different in that it can be used for two devices to be connected that are arranged opposite to each other, for example, the boards 10 and 10' of the two devices to be connected can face each other, thereby completing the bridging between multiple devices.

[0137] For example, for Fig.12 and 13 In the connector system shown in FIG. 1 , the mating interfaces of the first electrical connectors 100 and 100 ′ can be mirror images of each other in structure, such as Fig.14A , Fig. 14B as well as Fig.15A , Fig. 15BAs shown. The mating interface 120A of the first electrical connector 100 and the mating interface 120A' of the first electrical connector 100' are mirror images of each other in structure. At the mating interface 120A of the first electrical connector 100, two first connector terminals 111 and one second connector terminal 112 are included. At the mating interface 120A' of the first electrical connector 100', two first connector terminals 111' and one second connector terminal 112' are included. The two first connector terminals 111 have opposite polarities, the two first connector terminals 111' have opposite polarities, and the two first connector terminals 111 and the two first connector terminals 111' are arranged to mirror each other. This can be seen from the first polarity identifier 124 arranged on the first electrical connector 100 and the first polarity identifier 124' on the first electrical connector 100'. In order to prevent the second electrical connector 200 from being incorrectly mated to the first electrical connector 100' and the second electrical connector 200' from being incorrectly mated to the first electrical connector 100, the mating interfaces 120A and 120A' may include foolproof structures, respectively. Exemplarily, the foolproof structure may include notches 126 and 126' provided on the inner side walls of the first mounting channels 123 and 123'. As shown in the figure, for the first electrical connector 100, the left side wall of the first mounting channel 123 at the mating interface 120A may be provided with a notch 126. Preferably, the notch 126 may be provided on the side wall of the first mounting channel 123 that accommodates the second connector terminal 112, because the first shell here has a sufficient size, and after the notch 126 is provided, the structural strength will not be reduced. The first electrical connector 100' and the first electrical connector 100 may be mirror images of each other in the left and right directions. In other words, the right side wall of the first mounting channel 123' that accommodates the second connector terminal 112' may be provided with a notch 126'. Reference Fig.17A , Fig. 17B and Fig.18A , Fig.18B, the mating interfaces 250A and 250A' of the second electrical connectors 200 and 200' can also be mirror images of each other in the left-right direction. For the second electrical connector 200, the protrusion installed on the second connector terminal 212 can include a convex rib 253 corresponding to the above-mentioned notch 126. When the first electrical connector 100 and the second electrical connector 200 are adapted and connected, the convex rib 253 and the notch 126 are adapted and engaged, so that the protrusion of the mating interface 250A of the second electrical connector 200 can be mutually engaged with the groove of the first installation channel 123 at the mating interface 120A, the first connector terminal 111 is electrically connected to the first connector terminal 211, and the second connector terminal 112 is electrically connected to the second connector terminal 212. Similarly, when the first electrical connector 100' and the second electrical connector 200' are adapted and connected, the convex rib 253' and the notch 126' can also be adapted and engaged, so that the two are electrically connected. As described above, the second electrical connector 200' and the second electrical connector 200 are mirror images of each other in the left-right direction, so if the second electrical connector 200' is inserted into the first electrical connector 100, the first connector terminal 211 of the second electrical connector 200' connected to the positive pole will be connected to the first connector terminal 111 of the first electrical connector 100 connected to the negative pole, and at the same time, the first connector terminal 211 of the second electrical connector 200' connected to the negative pole will be connected to the first connector terminal 111 of the first electrical connector 100 connected to the positive pole. To avoid the above situation, when the second electrical connector 200' attempts to establish a connection with the first electrical connector 100, the rib 253' cannot be embedded in the notch 126, so that the two can avoid establishing an electrical connection.

[0138] In a specific embodiment not shown, the shapes and sizes of the notch 126 and the notch 126' may be different. In other words, as long as it is ensured that the rib 253 can only be embedded in the notch 126, but not in the notch 126'; and at the same time, it is ensured that the rib 253' can only be embedded in the notch 126', but not in the notch 126. In this way, it can be ensured that the user will not mistakenly match the second electrical connector 200 to the first electrical connector 100', or the second electrical connector 200' to the first electrical connector 100, resulting in damage to the equipment or even threatening personal safety. In other words, the first electrical connector 100 and the first electrical connector 100' do not have to be mirror images of each other, and the second electrical connector 200 and the electrical connector 200' adapted thereto do not have to be mirror images of each other. Preferably, the first electrical connector 100 and the first electrical connector 100' are mirror images of each other, and the design of the first electrical connector 100 can be modified to the first electrical connector 100' through less design changes. This can greatly reduce the design difficulty, and the processing and production links can also be simplified, thereby greatly reducing costs. Furthermore, when multiple electrical connectors are provided on one device, the symmetrical structure is more beautiful.

[0139] like Fig.16A and Fig. 16B As shown, the cable interfaces 120B and 120B' of the first electrical connectors 100 and 100' can be mirror images of each other. Taking the cable interface 120B of the first electrical connector 100 as an example, the cable interface 120B of the first housing 120 includes a recess 127, and the recess 127 can be used to position the first electrical connector 100. Exemplarily, an opening matching the cable interface 120B can be provided on the board 10 to be installed with the first electrical connector 100, so that the first electrical connector 100 can be just embedded in the opening. Similarly, an opening matching the cable interface 120B' can be provided on the board 10' to be installed with the first electrical connector 100'. Since the cable interface 120B and the cable interface 120B' are mirror images of each other, the cable interface 120B cannot be installed in the opening reserved for 120B', and therefore the cable interface 120B' cannot be installed in the opening reserved for 120B. In this way, even if a small number of first electrical connectors 100' are mixed in a large number of first electrical connectors 100, they will be screened out because they cannot be matched and installed. For an automated production line, even if the first electrical connector 100 and the first electrical connector 100' are confused due to the inability to distinguish the colors, they will not be incorrectly assembled, thereby effectively avoiding the situation where installation errors occur due to confusion between electrical connectors that are mirror images of each other.

[0140] like Fig.13 As shown, the mating interfaces of the second electrical connectors 200 and 200' can be mirror images of each other in structure. In this way, the plurality of second cables 400 are parallel to each other along any section of their length direction. However, from the overall point of view, the plurality of second cables 400 can be bent freely to improve the adaptability to complex scenarios.

[0141] Thus, the present disclosure has been described through the above-mentioned several embodiments, but it should be understood that those skilled in the art can make more variations, modifications and improvements according to the teachings of the present disclosure, and these variations, modifications and improvements all fall within the spirit of the present disclosure and the scope of protection required. The scope of protection of the present disclosure is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. The above-mentioned embodiments are only for the purpose of example and description, and are not intended to limit the present disclosure to the scope of the described embodiments.

[0142] In the description of the present disclosure, it is necessary to understand that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional words such as "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "lateral", "vertical", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure; the directional words "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0143] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between one or more components or features shown in the figure and other components or features. It should be understood that spatially relative terms include not only the orientation of the components as described in the figure, but also different orientations in use or operation. For example, if the components in the accompanying drawings are inverted as a whole, the components "above other components or features" or "above other components or features" will include the situation where the components are "below other components or structures" or "below other components or structures". Therefore, the exemplary term "above" may include both "above" and "below". In addition, these components or features may also be positioned at other different angles (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other angles), and this article is intended to include all of these situations.

[0144] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, parts, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0145] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present disclosure and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

Claims

1. An electrical connector, characterized in that: A plurality of connector terminals are included, each of the plurality of connector terminals having a mating contact end and a cable attachment end respectively located at two ends, the mating contact end being configured to be used for electrical contact with a matching electrical connector, and the cable attachment end being configured to receive a cable, The plurality of connector terminals include two first connector terminals and one second connector terminal, each of the cable attachment ends of the two first connector terminals being configured to receive a first type of cable, and the cable attachment end of the second connector terminal being configured to receive a second type of cable, the second type being different from the first type.

2. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The electrical connector includes a first housing in which the plurality of connector terminals are fixed, the first housing having a mounting portion configured for mounting to a board.

3. The electrical connector according to claim 2, wherein: The electrical connector further comprises a lock assembly disposed on the first housing, wherein the lock assembly is pivotable between a locked position for locking with the mating electrical connector and an unlocked position for unlocking with the mating electrical connector.

4. The electrical connector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lock assembly comprises: a wrench extending across the first housing in a lateral direction, with both ends of the wrench being pivotally connected to the first housing between the locked position and the unlocked position about a pivot axis parallel to the lateral direction; and A pair of supporting members, the pair of supporting members are respectively connected to the inner sides of both ends of the wrench and can pivot with the wrench, Wherein, the two ends of the wrench and the pair of supporting members jointly form a hook portion, and the hook portion is configured to be locked with the adapting electrical connector when the wrench is in the locked position.

5. The electrical connector according to claim 2, wherein: The first housing is provided with a plurality of first installation channels extending in the axial direction, and the plurality of connector terminals are correspondingly inserted into the plurality of first installation channels. A clamp is disposed in each of the plurality of first installation channels, and each of the plurality of connector terminals is fixed in the corresponding first installation channel by the clamp.

6. The electrical connector according to claim 2, wherein: The mounting portion surrounds the side surface of the first shell, an annular groove is arranged on the surface of the mounting portion facing the plate, and a first waterproof ring is arranged in the annular groove.

7. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The electrical connector is a plug connector.

8. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The mating contact end of each of the plurality of connector terminals has a first insertion hole, a first crown spring is disposed in the first insertion hole, and the first crown spring is used to receive and electrically contact the connector terminal of the matching electrical connector.

9. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The cable attachment end portion of each of the plurality of connector terminals has a second receptacle, The electrical connector further includes a plurality of cable terminals for respectively connecting a plurality of cables, the plurality of cable terminals being correspondingly inserted into and electrically contacting the cable attachment ends of the plurality of connector terminals.

10. The electrical connector according to claim 9, wherein: The electrical connector further includes a plurality of cables connected to the plurality of cable terminals correspondingly, the plurality of cables including two first type cables connected to the two first connector terminals and one second type cable connected to the second connector terminal.

11. The electrical connector according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second housing is overmolded on the plurality of connector terminals, and the cable attachment end and the plurality of cable terminals are located within the second housing.

12. The electrical connector according to claim 11, wherein: The second housing has a mounting opening configured to connect the plurality of cable terminals to the cable attachment end portion via the mounting opening, the electrical connector further comprising: a waterproof gasket, the waterproof gasket sealing the installation opening, the waterproof gasket being provided with a plurality of threading holes respectively coaxial with the plurality of cable terminals, the plurality of threading holes being used for respectively allowing a plurality of cables to pass therethrough, and the waterproof gasket being further configured to form a seal between the plurality of cables; and A back cover is connected to the second shell and fixes the waterproof gasket in the second shell.

13. The electrical connector according to claim 12, wherein: The electrical connector also includes a rigid straight tube accommodated in the second shell, the straight tube is located between the waterproof gasket and the back cover, one end of the waterproof gasket is inserted into the straight tube, and the back cover is against the straight tube.

14. The electrical connector according to claim 12, wherein: The electrical connector further comprises a mounting disk mounted in the second housing via the mounting opening, the mounting disk being provided with a plurality of disk through holes, each of the plurality of disk through holes accommodating the cable attachment end of one of the plurality of connector terminals and a corresponding cable terminal, The mounting plate has a first end and a second end opposite to each other along an extending direction of the plurality of cable terminals, the first end abuts against the waterproof gasket, and the second end abuts against the second housing.

15. The electrical connector according to claim 14, wherein: The second end portion is provided with a narrow slot, and the narrow slot divides the second end portion into a plurality of fixing columns which are independent of each other, and the plurality of disk through holes pass through the plurality of fixing columns correspondingly.

16. The electrical connector according to claim 14, wherein: A limiting flange is provided on the side of each of the plurality of cable terminals, and the limiting flange has a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface opposite to each other along the extension direction of the plurality of cable terminals, and each of the plurality of connector terminals abuts against the first limiting surface of the limiting flange of the corresponding cable terminal. A side surface of each of the plurality of plate through holes is provided with a step surface, the step surface faces the corresponding connector terminal, and the second limiting surface of the limiting flange abuts against the step surface.

17. The electrical connector according to claim 12, wherein: The electrical connector further comprises a second waterproof ring, which is sleeved on the second shell and clamped between the second shell and an end of the rear cover sleeved on the second shell.

18. The electrical connector according to claim 11, wherein: Each of the plurality of connector terminals further includes a bent middle section connected between the wire attachment end and the mating contact end, and the second housing is overmolded on the mating contact ends and the middle section of the plurality of connector terminals.

19. The electrical connector according to claim 9, wherein: A second crown spring is disposed in the second insertion hole, and a corresponding cable terminal is inserted into the second crown spring and is in electrical contact with the corresponding cable terminal.

20. The electrical connector according to claim 11, wherein: A third waterproof ring is sleeved on the mating interface of the second shell for mating with the adapting electrical connector, and the third waterproof ring is configured to form a seal between the second shell and the adapting electrical connector.

21. The electrical connector according to any one of claims 8 to 20, characterized in that: The electrical connector is a socket connector.

22. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The two first connector terminals have opposite polarities.

23. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the first type of cable is 4-6 AWG, and the diameter of the second type of cable is 6-8 AWG.

24. The electrical connector according to claim 1, wherein: The two connector terminals have opposite polarities respectively, and the second connector terminal is a ground terminal.

25. A connector system, characterized in that: comprising at least one group connector, each group of the at least one group connector comprising: a plug connector mounted to the board, the plug connector including a plurality of plug connector terminals; and A socket connector, the socket connector comprising a plurality of socket connector terminals, one end of the plurality of socket connector terminals being fitted to the plug connector so as to make the plurality of socket connector terminals electrically contact the plurality of plug connector terminals, each of the plurality of socket connector terminals being provided with a socket at the other end, the socket being configured to receive a cable, wherein: The plurality of socket connector terminals include two first connector terminals and one second connector terminal, the receptacle of each of the two first connector terminals being configured to receive a first type of cable, and the receptacle of the second connector terminal being configured to receive a second type of cable, the second type being different from the first type.

26. The connector system of claim 25, wherein: The connector system includes two groups of connectors, wherein the sockets of the socket connectors in the two groups of connectors face each other and respectively receive two ends of a plurality of cables.

27. The connector system of claim 25, wherein: The connector system includes two groups of connectors, wherein the sockets of the socket connectors in the two groups of connectors face the same direction and respectively receive two ends of a plurality of cables.

28. The connector system according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that The plug connector has a plug mating interface that mates with the socket connector, and the socket connector has a socket mating interface that mates with the plug connector. The plug mating interfaces of the plug connectors in the two sets of connectors are mirror images of each other, The socket mating interfaces of the socket connectors in the two sets of connectors are mirror images of each other.

29. The connector system of claim 28, wherein: The plug mating interface and the socket mating interface each include a foolproof structure configured to enable the plug mating interface and the socket mating interface to mate with each other in a predetermined direction.

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