Lighting and ventilating building for underground space
By designing an inverted conical daylight well and water collection structure on the top of the basement, the problem of poor lighting and ventilation of underground buildings is solved, and more efficient natural light and air circulation is achieved, reducing construction costs and promoting the sustainable development of underground space.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421791668.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-27
AI Technical Summary
The existing underground buildings have poor lighting and ventilation, resulting in the need to build a large number of lighting facilities and ventilation facilities, which increases construction costs and affects the large-scale development of underground buildings.
Design a lighting-ventilated building for underground space, including opening at least one lighting well on the top of the basement, the inner diameter of the lighting well gradually decreases from the ground end to the underground end, forming an inverted conical structure, and setting a curved surface, diffuse reflective coating or light guide device on the wall of the lighting well, and setting a water collecting structure at the bottom of the basement.
Through the inverted conical lighting well structure, the light receiving area is expanded, the sunlight irradiation efficiency is improved, the indoor light intensity and uniformity are increased, and the air quality and water resource management of the basement are improved through natural ventilation and water collection structures.
Smart Images
Figure CN222862794U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of underground buildings, in particular to a lighting and ventilation building for underground space. Background Art
[0002] Urbanization is the inevitable result of social development. The acceleration of urbanization construction, the expansion of urban areas, the surge in the number of residents, the gradual improvement of the level of modernization, and the sharp expansion of the demand for urban space capacity have led to the tension of urban land resources. The trend of developing and utilizing urban underground space is inevitable. At present, the lighting and ventilation of urban underground buildings are poor, and often a large number of lighting facilities and ventilation facilities need to be built, which increases the construction cost and affects the construction and large-scale development of underground buildings. Utility Model Content
[0003] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a lighting and ventilation building for an underground space, aiming to provide better lighting and ventilation for the underground building.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a lighting and ventilation building for underground space, comprising:
[0005] A basement, wherein at least one light well is provided at the top of the basement, the light well having a ground end and an underground end, the inner diameter of the light well gradually decreases from the ground end to the underground end, the light well is also provided with a light outlet, and the light outlet and the side wall of the light well are jointly constructed to form a relative light reflecting side and a light emitting side.
[0006] In an embodiment of the present invention, the light well at least has a wall surface on the light-reflecting side configured as a curved surface.
[0007] In one embodiment of the utility model, the wall surface of the light well is coated with diffuse reflection paint, and / or the wall surface of the light well is provided with a light guiding device.
[0008] In one embodiment of the utility model, a water collection structure is provided in an area at the bottom of the basement corresponding to the bottom of the light well.
[0009] In one embodiment of the utility model, the water collection structure includes a water collection pool, and a planting layer, a filtering layer and a water collection layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the water collection pool to filter and collect precipitation.
[0010] In one embodiment of the utility model, a spiral staircase is provided on the wall of the light well from the ground end to the underground end.
[0011] The technical solution of the utility model is to open at least one light well with a light outlet on the top of the basement, and the inner diameter of the light well is gradually reduced to form an inverted cone structure, which can expand the light-receiving area on the top. Compared with the traditional vertical plane, it is more conducive to receiving direct sunlight, and more sunlight can shine on the basement. At the same time, as the position of the sun changes, a longer period of sunshine can be obtained during the day; and the wall surface of the light well is set to a curved surface, and the light can be reflected on the inner wall for multiple times, thereby increasing the indoor light intensity and uniformity, forming a larger illumination area in the basement, and having better lighting performance; and the inverted cone structure is conducive to guiding and concentrating airflow. When external wind acts on the opening of the light well, an upward airflow from bottom to top can be formed, thereby promoting natural ventilation of the basement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.
[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0014] Figure 2 It is a side view of the utility model;
[0015] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the utility model.
[0016] Description of Figure Numbers:
[0017] 1. Basement; 2. Light well; 21. Ground end; 22. Underground end; 23. Reflective side; 24. Light-emitting side; 3. Light outlet; 4. Water collection structure; 5. Water collection pool; 51. Planting layer; 52. Filter layer; 53. Water collection layer; 6. Spiral staircase.
[0018] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the utility model will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
[0020] Reference Figures 1 to 3The utility model proposes a lighting and ventilation building for underground space, including a basement 1, at least one light well 2 is opened on the top of the basement 1, the light well 2 has a ground end 21 and an underground end 22, the inner diameter of the light well 2 gradually decreases from the ground end 21 to the underground end 22, the light well 2 is also opened with a light outlet 3, and the light outlet 3 and the side wall of the light well 2 are jointly constructed to form a relative reflective side 23 and a light emitting side 24.
[0021] It can be understood that the diameter of the light well 2 gradually decreases from the ground end 21 to the underground end 22, forming an inverted cone structure. Light and air enter the basement 1 from the ground end 21, improving the lighting conditions and air quality of the underground space. The inverted cone structure can expand the light-receiving area at the top. Compared with the traditional vertical plane, more sunlight can shine on the underground space, and it is also more conducive to receiving direct sunlight. At the same time, as the position of the sun changes, a longer period of sunshine can be obtained during the day.
[0022] The light outlet 3 forms a light outlet side 24 on the inner wall of one side of the light well 2, and the side opposite to the light outlet side 24 is a reflective side 23. When light is directly irradiated onto the reflective side 23, a certain reflection will be generated. The reflected light is emitted from the light outlet side 24, which can increase the light intensity and softness in the basement 1.
[0023] The inverted cone structure is also conducive to guiding and concentrating airflow. When external wind acts on the opening of the light well 2, an upward airflow can be formed from bottom to top, promoting natural ventilation of the basement 1. With the thermal pressure effect generated by the temperature difference, warm air can rise from the basement 1 and be discharged from the ground end 21 of the light well 2, realizing effective natural heat exchange.
[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 2 In one embodiment of the present application, the light well 2 at least sets the wall surface of the reflective side 23 to be a curved surface.
[0025] It can be understood that setting the reflective side 23 or even the entire wall of the light well 2 as a curved surface can cause the light to be reflected multiple times on the wall. On the one hand, it can expand the lighting range of the basement 1. Since the reflective effect of the curved surface can reflect the light to a wider area, the visibility range can be expanded; on the other hand, it can also reduce glare: the curved surface can reduce the glare effect, making the reflected light softer and more uniform, without glare or causing visual interference, effectively increasing the indoor lighting intensity and uniformity.
[0026] Reference Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment of the present application, the wall surface of the light well 2 is coated with a diffuse reflective paint, and / or the wall surface of the light well 2 is provided with a light guiding device.
[0027] It can be understood that diffuse reflective paint is a special paint with diffuse reflective properties, that is, when light hits its surface, the light will be evenly reflected at various angles, unlike mirror reflection, which has a clear reflection angle. Common ones include emulsion paint, rough paint, matte paint, etc.; the light guide device can be an optical fiber, a reflector, etc. Whether it is diffuse reflective paint or a light guide device, the purpose is to increase the light intensity and uniformity in the basement 1, and ensure that natural light can be efficiently introduced into the underground space.
[0028] Furthermore, the wall of the light well 2 can also be coated with photocatalyst coatings, such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide and the like, which can trigger chemical reactions when exposed to ultraviolet light or visible light, and have the functions of purifying the air, antibacterial, and anti-pollution.
[0029] Reference Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present application, a water collection structure 4 is provided in the area at the bottom of the basement 1 corresponding to the bottom of the light well 2 .
[0030] It can be understood that since the ground end 21 of the light well 2 is open, when natural precipitation occurs, water will flow into the basement 1 along the wall of the light well 2. The water collection structure 4 is at the bottom of the light well 2 and is lower than the ground of the basement 1. It can effectively collect the precipitation flowing into the basement 1, so as to maintain the dryness of the ground of the basement 1 and facilitate the subsequent processing of the collected precipitation.
[0031] Reference Figure 3 In one embodiment of the present application, the water collection structure 4 includes a water collection pool 5, and a planting layer 51, a filter layer 52 and a water collection layer 53 arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the water collection pool 5 to filter and collect precipitation.
[0032] It can be understood that the planting layer 51 is composed of soil, which can filter the precipitation preliminarily. At the same time, the planting layer 51 can also be planted with vegetation, such as some shade-loving and moisture-loving trees. On the one hand, it can absorb part of the precipitation, which is conducive to the regulation of the humidity of the underground environment and the strengthening of the ecological environment construction of the underground space. On the other hand, it can also improve the psychological comfort of users, conform to the green building design concept, help improve the overall quality of the urban underground space, optimize the efficiency of land resource utilization, promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, and conform to the goal of modern cities to pursue green, low-carbon and sustainable development. The filter layer 52 is composed of adsorbent materials, such as zeolite, activated carbon, etc., which can further filter the precipitation. The filtered water enters the next water collection layer 53. The water collection layer 53 can be a cavity for storing water. After the water is stored, it can continue to provide water for the plants in the planting layer 51. At the same time, the water collection layer 53 can also be connected to water pipes and other devices to facilitate the water to be led out of the basement 1 or for other treatment.
[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 2 In one embodiment of the present application, a spiral staircase 6 is provided on the wall of the light well 2 along the ground end 21 to the underground end 22 .
[0034] It can be understood that the spiral staircase 6 can facilitate users to enter the basement 1 from the ground. Since the inverted cone-shaped light well 2 forms an underground landscape similar to a "sinkhole", users will have a certain visual impact when walking along the inner wall of the "sinkhole", creating a unique visual focus and sense of openness, enhancing the user's psychological comfort, and having certain leisure and entertainment functions.
[0035] The technical solution of the utility model is to open at least one light well 2 with a light outlet 3 on the top of the basement 1, and the inner diameter of the light well 2 is gradually reduced to form an inverted cone structure, which can expand the light receiving area on the top. Compared with the traditional vertical plane, it is more conducive to receiving direct sunlight, and more sunlight can be irradiated to the basement 1. At the same time, as the position of the sun changes, a longer period of sunshine can be obtained during the day; and the wall surface of the light well 2 is set as a curved surface, and the light can be reflected on the inner wall for multiple times, thereby increasing the indoor light intensity and uniformity, forming a larger illumination area in the basement 1, and having better lighting performance; and the inverted cone structure is conducive to guiding and concentrating airflow. When external wind acts on the opening of the light well 2, an upward airflow from bottom to top can be formed, thereby promoting natural ventilation of the basement 1.
[0036] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of this embodiment correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicate an orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0037] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A lighting and ventilation building for underground space, characterized in that: include A basement (1), wherein at least one light well (2) is provided on the top of the basement (1), wherein the light well (2) has a ground end (21) and an underground end (22), wherein the inner diameter of the light well (2) gradually decreases from the ground end (21) to the underground end (22), and the light well (2) is also provided with a light outlet (3), wherein the light outlet (3) and the side wall of the light well (2) are jointly configured to form an opposite light reflecting side (23) and a light emitting side (24).
2. The lighting and ventilation building for underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light well (2) at least has the wall surface of the light-reflecting side (23) configured as a curved surface.
3. The lighting and ventilation building for underground space according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wall surface of the light well (2) is coated with diffuse reflection paint, and / or the wall surface of the light well (2) is provided with a light guiding device.
4. The lighting and ventilation building for underground space according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water collection structure (4) is provided in an area at the bottom of the basement (1) corresponding to the bottom of the light well (2).
5. The lighting and ventilation building for underground space according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water collection structure (4) comprises a water collection pool (5), and a planting layer (51), a filtering layer (52) and a water collection layer (53) arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the water collection pool (5) for filtering and collecting precipitation.
6. The lighting and ventilation building for underground space according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A spiral staircase (6) is provided on the wall of the light well (2) from the ground end (21) to the underground end (22).