Ditching, seed falling and soil covering integrated device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of seeder machinery, in particular to a ditching, seed falling and soil covering integrated device which comprises a rack, lifting guide rails are arranged at four front and back end corners in the advancing direction; the mounting frame is in sliding connection with the lifting guide rails at the positions of the four front and rear end corners of the rack respectively, and the mounting frame is sequentially provided with a shaping wheel, a furrow opener, a seed falling pipe and a soil covering device in the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the rack; the furrow opener comprises a V-shaped furrow opening plate projected on the horizontal plane, and the tip end of the furrow opening plate faces the advancing direction of the rack; the soil covering device comprises a V-shaped soil covering plate projected on the horizontal plane, and the tip end of the soil covering plate is opposite to the advancing direction of the rack. When the ditching, seed falling and soil covering integrated device provided by the utility model works, the height positions of the ditching device, the seed falling pipe and the soil covering device are always consistent with the height positions of the shaping wheel, the stability and the qualification rate of seeding depth are facilitated, and the integral structure is simple and compact, convenient to disassemble and assemble, low in manufacturing cost, high in reliability and good in matching property with a seeding machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of seed drill machinery, in particular to an integrated device for ditching, sowing, and covering soil. Background Art

[0002] my country's current peanut cultivation agronomy has strict requirements on the sowing depth, usually requiring an error of no more than 1cm. Failure to meet the requirements will cause phenomena such as seedling emergence, uneven seedling emergence, and broken seedlings, which will seriously affect the planting yield. Therefore, peanut planters also have performance index requirements for the sowing depth qualification rate. Most of the existing peanut planters are mechanical peanut planters. The main working process is: first use a furrow opener to open a furrow on the ridged ridge surface, then the seeds fall into the opened furrows through the seed drop tube, and finally use a soil cover to cover the furrows with seeds. When this type of equipment is used in the hilly and mountainous areas in southern my country, the stability of the ridge height and ridge surface flatness before sowing is poor due to the heavy soil and high water content of the field. This causes a large difference in sowing depth, reduces the sowing depth qualification rate performance index of the planter, and affects the use effect of the planter. The Chinese invention patent with application number 202311418914.5 and the name of a hilly and mountainous area contoured furrowing sowing and covering device discloses a device whose furrowing and covering mechanism can fluctuate with the terrain. However, when the profiling device of the equipment moves up and down at the front end of the equipment, the rear end of the equipment can only move in the opposite direction of the front end. This not only fails to ensure the consistency of the furrowing and soil covering height, but also easily causes the ridge shape to be destroyed, resulting in errors in the furrowing depth and seeding accuracy. Therefore, it cannot meet the requirements of furrowing, seeding and soil covering operations in peanut cultivation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an integrated device for furrowing, sowing and covering with soil, which can improve the qualified rate of sowing depth.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0005] An integrated device for furrowing, planting and soil covering, comprising:

[0006] The frame is provided with lifting guide rails at the four end corners in the front and rear along the forward direction;

[0007] The mounting frame is slidably connected to the lifting guide rails at the four end corners of the frame, and the mounting frame is provided with a shaping wheel, a furrow opener, a seed drop tube and a soil cover in sequence along the direction opposite to the forward direction of the frame;

[0008] The furrow opener includes a furrow opening plate having a V-shaped shape projected on a horizontal plane, and a tip of the furrow opening plate faces the forward direction of the frame;

[0009] The soil covering device comprises a V-shaped soil covering plate projected on a horizontal plane, and the tip of the soil covering plate faces away from the advancing direction of the frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the lifting guide rail includes a guide column, which is arranged on the frame along the vertical direction, and the mounting frame is provided with a guide sleeve which is slidably connected to the guide column.

[0011] Furthermore, both upper and lower ends of the guide post are provided with limiting sleeves.

[0012] Furthermore, the shaping wheel is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, the rotating axis of the shaping wheel is perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame, and the mounting frame is provided with more than one set of brackets along the direction parallel to the rotating axis of the shaping wheel, and the furrow opener, seed drop tube and soil cover are all arranged on the brackets.

[0013] Furthermore, a seed dropping opening is provided at one end of the seed dropping tube extending into the furrow opener. The seed dropping opening is an inclined opening facing the forward direction of the frame, and the angle between the seed dropping opening and the horizontal plane is in the range of 30° to 45°.

[0014] Furthermore, a scraper plate is provided on the mounting frame, and the scraper plate is located on the side of the shaping wheel close to the furrow opener, and the gap between the scraper plate and the shaping wheel is 5mm to 10mm.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a first adjustment plate, the furrow opener is arranged on the first adjustment plate, the first adjustment plate is provided with a vertical adjustment slot, the mounting frame is provided with a horizontal adjustment slot, and the vertical adjustment slot is locked with the horizontal adjustment slot.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a connecting plate, the soil cover is arranged on the connecting plate, and the furrow opener also includes a second adjusting plate, the second adjusting plate is provided with a height adjusting groove, and the connecting plate is locked with the height adjusting groove.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the utility model are: an integrated furrowing, seeding and soil covering device, wherein lifting guide rails are provided at the front, rear, left and right corners of the frame, and the front, rear, left and right corners of the mounting frame are respectively connected to the lifting guide rails at the front, rear, left and right corners of the frame. When the ridge changes, the shaping wheel will be in the process of shaping the ridge, and the mounting frame will be subjected to the combined effect of the upward force of the shaping wheel (the transmission of the working resistance of the shaping wheel) and the gravity of the entire shaping furrowing, seeding and soil covering device, and will automatically and synchronously rise or fall along the four lifting guide rails, and the automatic rising or falling has good and reliable stability, thereby truly realizing automatic contour adjustment according to the ridge height and ridge surface flatness during the operation of the equipment. When working, the furrow opener, seed dropping tube and soil covering device are always consistent in height with the shaping wheel, which is conducive to the stability and qualified rate of the sowing depth, and the overall structure is simple and compact, convenient to disassemble and assemble, low in manufacturing cost, high in reliability, and good matching with the seeder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1It is a structural schematic diagram of an integrated device for furrowing, planting and covering soil;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a top view of the integrated device for trenching, planting and covering soil;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a furrow opener;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil cover;

[0022] Description of labels:

[0023] 1. Frame; 11. Lifting guide rail; 111. Guide column; 112. Limit sleeve; 2. Mounting frame; 21. Guide sleeve; 22. Bracket; 23. Scraper plate; 24. Horizontal adjustment slot; 3. Shaping wheel; 4. Furrow opener; 41. Furrow opener plate; 42. Second adjustment plate; 421. Height adjustment slot; 5. Seed drop tube; 51. Seed drop port; 6. Soil cover; 61. Soil cover plate; 7. First adjustment plate; 71. Vertical adjustment slot; 8. Connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to explain the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is an explanation in conjunction with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The utility model provides an integrated device for ditching, sowing, and covering with soil, which is used for peanut sowing operations.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the utility model is an integrated device for trenching, planting and covering soil, comprising:

[0027] The frame 1 is provided with lifting guide rails 11 at four end corners in the front and rear directions of the machine.

[0028] The mounting frame 2 is slidably connected to the lifting guide rails 11 at the four end corners of the frame 1, and the mounting frame 2 is provided with a shaping wheel 3, a furrow opener 4, a seed drop tube 5 and a soil cover 6 in sequence along the direction opposite to the forward direction of the frame 1.

[0029] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the utility model are: an integrated furrowing, seeding and soil covering device, wherein lifting guide rails are provided at the front, rear, left and right corners of the frame, and the front, rear, left and right corners of the mounting frame are respectively connected to the lifting guide rails at the front, rear, left and right corners of the frame. When the ridge changes, the shaping wheel will be in the process of shaping the ridge, and the mounting frame will be subjected to the combined effect of the upward force of the shaping wheel (transmission of working resistance of the shaping wheel) and the gravity of the entire shaping furrowing, seeding and soil covering device, and will automatically and synchronously rise or fall along the four lifting guide rails, and the automatic rising or falling has good and reliable stability, thereby truly realizing automatic contour adjustment according to the ridge height and ridge surface flatness during the operation of the equipment. When working, the furrow opener, seed dropping tube and soil covering device are always consistent in height with the shaping wheel, which is helpful to the stability and qualified rate of the sowing depth, and the overall structure is simple and compact, easy to disassemble and assemble, low in manufacturing cost, high in reliability, and good matching with the seeder.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the lifting guide rail 11 includes a guide column 111 , which is arranged on the frame 1 along the vertical direction, and the mounting frame 2 is provided with a guide sleeve 21 slidably connected to the guide column 111 .

[0031] From the above description, it can be seen that the guide sleeve 21 and the guide column 111 are slidably connected in the height direction, so that the height direction working position of the seeder's shaping, ditching, seeding and soil covering functions can be automatically adjusted according to the ridge height, thereby improving the seeder's adaptability to ridge height and ridge surface flatness, and overcoming the serious influence of different ridge heights and ridge surface flatness on the stability of sowing depth and the qualified rate.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, limiting sleeves 112 are provided at both upper and lower ends of the guide pillar 111 .

[0033] It can be seen from the above description that the limiting sleeve 112 limits the lifting and lowering range of the guide sleeve 21 .

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the shaping wheel 3 is rotatably set on the mounting frame 2, the rotating axis of the shaping wheel 3 is perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame 1, and the mounting frame 2 is provided with one or more brackets 22 along the direction parallel to the rotating axis of the shaping wheel 3, and the furrow opener 4, the seed drop tube 5 and the soil cover 6 are all arranged on the bracket 22.

[0035] From the above description, it can be seen that the furrow opener 4, seed drop tube 5 and soil cover 6 on each group of brackets 22 are arranged closely in sequence backward along the forward direction of the frame 1 and the central axis in the width direction coincides, which not only makes the corresponding functional parts compact in structure, but also enables the corresponding functions to be stably connected, thereby improving the stability of the sowing depth and the qualified rate.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the furrow opener 4 includes a furrow opening plate 41 having a V-shape projected on a horizontal plane, and a tip of the furrow opening plate 41 faces the forward direction of the frame 1 .

[0037] From the above description, it can be seen that the small end of the furrowing plate 41 faces the forward direction of the frame 1, and the lower end extends upward in the opposite direction of the frame 1, so that the furrowing width can gradually decrease along the depth direction, reducing the resistance of furrowing. At the same time, the width of the bottom of the furrow is small, which is conducive to the concentration of multiple seeds in each hole, thereby improving the stability and qualified rate of the sowing hole distance.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the soil covering device 6 includes a soil covering plate 61 having a V-shape when projected on a horizontal plane, and a tip of the soil covering plate 61 faces away from the advancing direction of the frame 1 .

[0039] From the above description, it can be seen that the small end of the covering plate 61 faces the opposite direction of the frame 1, and the lower end extends upward in the opposite direction of the frame 1, so that the covering width can gradually increase along the direction of the frame 1, thereby improving the covering and suppression effect. At the same time, the rear part of the covering plate 61 in the opposite direction of the frame 1 is hollow to prevent the covering device 6 from accumulating soil. Preferably, the width of the covering plate 61 is greater than the width of the trenching plate 41, thereby improving the covering and suppression effect.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, one end of the seed drop tube 5 extending into the furrow opener 4 is provided with a seed drop opening 51, which is an inclined opening facing the forward direction of the frame 1, and the angle between the seed drop opening 51 and the horizontal plane is in the range of 30° to 45°.

[0041] As can be seen from the above description, the lower end of the seed drop tube 5 is inserted into the furrow opener 4, so that the seeds can fall into the bottom of the already opened furrow in time, reducing the influence of soil flow movement on the sowing depth during the furrow opening process, thereby improving the stability of the sowing depth and the qualified rate. The direction of the oblique mouth is toward the forward direction of the frame 1, which helps to reduce the soil flow blocking the seed drop tube 5 during the furrow opening process and causing non-sowing, and is also beneficial to the concentration of multiple seeds in each hole, thereby improving the stability and qualified rate of the sowing hole distance. The angle between the oblique mouth at the lower end of the seed drop tube 5 and the horizontal is 30° to 45°. It has been verified by experiments that the concentration of multiple seeds in each hole at the bottom of the furrow is better, thereby improving the planting effect.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, a scraper board 23 is provided on the mounting frame 2. The scraper board 23 is located on a side of the shaping wheel 3 close to the furrow opener 4. The gap between the scraper board 23 and the shaping wheel 3 is 5 mm to 10 mm.

[0043] From the above description, it can be seen that the scraper plate 23 can scrape off the soil adhering to the outer circumferential surface of the shaping wheel 3, thereby improving the shaping stability and effect of the shaping wheel 3; the scraping surface of the scraper plate 23 is arranged horizontally, which helps the scraped soil to fall and reduces its adhesion to the scraper plate 23; the shaping wheel 3 is close to the scraper plate 23, and the gap between them is 5 to 10 mm. Experiments have verified that the scraping effect of the scraper plate 23 is good.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, a first adjustment plate 7 is further included, the furrow opener 4 is arranged on the first adjustment plate 7, the first adjustment plate 7 is provided with a vertical adjustment slot 71, the mounting frame 2 is provided with a horizontal adjustment slot 24, and the vertical adjustment slot 71 is locked with the horizontal adjustment slot 24.

[0045] It can be seen from the above description that the furrow opening degree of the furrow opener 4 and the sowing row spacing can be adjusted through the vertical adjustment groove 71 and the horizontal adjustment groove 24, thereby improving the adaptability of the seed drill.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, a connecting plate 8 is further included, and the soil cover 6 is arranged on the connecting plate 8. The furrow opener 4 also includes a second adjustment plate 42. The second adjustment plate 42 is provided with a height adjustment groove 421. The connecting plate 8 is locked with the height adjustment groove 421.

[0047] From the above description, it can be known that the installation position of the connecting plate 8 on the height adjustment groove 421 can be adjusted, so as to adjust the soil covering and compaction depth, thereby improving the adaptability of the seed drill.

[0048] The working principle of the utility model is as follows: as the frame 1 moves forward, the shaping wheel 3 is driven to rotate, and the shaping wheel 3 first shapes the ridge before furrowing, which improves the flatness of the ridge and helps to keep the furrowing depth consistent, thereby improving the stability of the sowing depth and the qualified rate; the furrow opener 4 furrows the ridge surface immediately after the shaping, and the peanut seeds discharged from the seeding device of the seeding machine into the seed dropping tube 5 fall into the bottom of the opened ridge furrow, and the soil covering device 6 covers the sown ridge with soil to suppress it. If the ridge is high or the ridge surface is uneven during the operation, the shaping wheel 3, the furrow opener 4, the seed dropping tube 5, the soil covering device 6 and other components automatically move up and down in the height direction along the guide column 111 through the guide sleeve 21 of the mounting frame 2 under the combined action of gravity and working resistance.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the first embodiment of the utility model is: an integrated device for trenching, planting and covering soil, comprising:

[0050] The frame 1 is provided with lifting guide rails 11 at four end corners in the front and rear directions of the machine.

[0051] The mounting frame 2 is slidably connected to the lifting guide rails 11 at the four end corners of the frame 1, and the mounting frame 2 is provided with a shaping wheel 3, a furrow opener 4, a seed drop tube 5 and a soil cover 6 in sequence along the direction opposite to the forward direction of the frame 1.

[0052] The lifting guide rail 11 includes a guide column 111, which is arranged on the frame 1 in the vertical direction, and the mounting frame 2 is provided with a guide sleeve 21 slidably connected to the guide column 111. The upper and lower ends of the guide column 111 are provided with a limit sleeve 112. The limit sleeve 112 is threadedly matched with the guide column 111, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the range of motion of the guide sleeve 21. The shaping wheel 3 is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame 2, and the rotating shaft of the shaping wheel 3 is perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame 1. The mounting frame 2 is provided with two groups of brackets 22 in a direction parallel to the rotating shaft of the shaping wheel 3. The furrow opener 4, the seed drop tube 5 and the soil cover 6 on each group of brackets 22 are arranged in sequence along the axis that coincides or is parallel to the forward direction of the frame 1, and the spacing between the two groups of brackets 22 is equal to the sowing row spacing. The furrow opener 4 includes a furrowing plate 41 projected on the horizontal plane in a V-shaped shape, and the tip of the furrowing plate 41 faces the forward direction of the frame 1. The soil cover 6 includes a soil cover plate 61 projected on the horizontal plane in a V-shaped shape, and the tip of the soil cover plate 61 faces away from the forward direction of the frame 1. The end of the seed drop tube 5 extending into the furrow opener 4 is provided with a seed drop port 51, which is an oblique port facing the forward direction of the frame 1, and the angle between the seed drop port 51 and the horizontal plane is 30° to 45°. The width of the shaping wheel 3 is greater than the working width of the furrow opener 4, the seed drop tube 5 and the soil cover 6 on the two sets of brackets 22. The lower end of the furrow opener plate 41 is higher than the lower ends of the soil cover plate 61 and the seed drop port 51. The mounting frame 2 is provided with a scraper plate 23, and the shape of the scraper plate 23 is L-shaped, one side of the L-shaped surface is horizontally arranged for scraping soil, and the other side is connected to the mounting frame 2. The scraper plate 23 is located on the side of the shaping wheel 3 close to the furrow opener 4, and the gap between the scraper plate 23 and the shaping wheel 3 is 5mm to 10mm. It also includes a first adjustment plate 7, on which the furrow opener 4 is arranged, the first adjustment plate 7 is provided with a vertical adjustment slot 71, the mounting frame 2 is provided with a horizontal adjustment slot 24, and the vertical adjustment slot 71 is locked with the horizontal adjustment slot 24. It also includes a connecting plate 8, on which the soil cover 6 is arranged, and the furrow opener 4 also includes a second adjustment plate 42, the second adjustment plate 42 is provided with a height adjustment slot 421, and the connecting plate 8 is locked with the height adjustment slot 421.

[0053] To sum up, the integrated furrowing, seeding and soil covering device of the utility model is provided with lifting guide rails at the front, rear, left and right corners of the frame, and the front, rear, left and right corners of the mounting frame are respectively connected to the lifting guide rails at the front, rear, left and right corners of the frame. When the ridge changes, the shaping wheel will be in the process of shaping the ridge, and the mounting frame will be affected by the upward force of the shaping wheel (transmission of working resistance of the shaping wheel) and the gravity of the entire shaping furrowing, seeding and soil covering device, and will automatically and synchronously rise or fall along the four lifting guide rails. At the same time, the automatic rising or falling has good and reliable stability, thereby truly realizing automatic contour adjustment according to the ridge height and ridge surface flatness during the operation of the equipment. When working, the furrow opener, seed dropping tube and soil covering device are always consistent in height with the shaping wheel, which is helpful to the stability and qualified rate of sowing depth, and the overall structure is simple and compact, easy to disassemble and assemble, low in manufacturing cost, high in reliability, and good matching with the seeder.

[0054] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in the relevant technical field, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated device for trenching, planting and covering soil, characterized in that: include: The frame is provided with lifting guide rails at the four end corners in the front and rear along the forward direction; The mounting frame is slidably connected to the lifting guide rails at the four end corners of the frame, and the mounting frame is provided with a shaping wheel, a furrow opener, a seed drop tube and a soil cover in sequence along the direction opposite to the forward direction of the frame; The furrow opener includes a furrow opening plate having a V-shaped shape projected on a horizontal plane, and a tip of the furrow opening plate faces the forward direction of the frame; The soil covering device comprises a V-shaped soil covering plate projected on a horizontal plane, and the tip of the soil covering plate faces away from the advancing direction of the frame.

2. The integrated device for furrowing, planting and covering soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting guide rail comprises a guide post which is arranged on the frame along the vertical direction, and a mounting frame is provided with a guide sleeve which is slidably connected with the guide post.

3. The integrated device for furrowing, planting and covering soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: Limit sleeves are arranged at both upper and lower ends of the guide column.

4. The integrated device for furrowing, planting and covering soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaping wheel is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, the rotating shaft of the shaping wheel is perpendicular to the forward direction of the frame, the mounting frame is provided with more than one set of brackets in the direction parallel to the rotating shaft of the shaping wheel, and the furrow opener, seed dropping tube and soil covering device are all arranged on the brackets.

5. The integrated device for furrowing, planting and covering soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the seed dropping tube extending into the furrow opener is provided with a seed dropping opening, the seed dropping opening is an oblique opening facing the forward direction of the frame, and the angle between the seed dropping opening and the horizontal plane is in the range of 30° to 45°.

6. The integrated device for furrowing, planting and covering soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A scraper plate is provided on the mounting frame, and the scraper plate is located on the side of the shaping wheel close to the furrow opener, and the gap between the scraper plate and the shaping wheel is 5mm to 10mm.

7. The integrated device for furrowing, planting and soil covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first adjustment plate, the furrow opener is arranged on the first adjustment plate, the first adjustment plate is provided with a vertical adjustment slot, the mounting frame is provided with a horizontal adjustment slot, and the vertical adjustment slot is locked with the horizontal adjustment slot.

8. The integrated device for furrowing, planting and covering soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting plate, the soil cover is arranged on the connecting plate, the furrow opener also includes a second adjusting plate, the second adjusting plate is provided with a height adjusting groove, and the connecting plate is locked with the height adjusting groove.

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