Multi-cavity pyrolysis device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a multi-cavity pyrolysis device which comprises an inner cavity, at least one pyrolysis cavity is arranged in the inner cavity, a ball return pipeline is arranged on one side of the pyrolysis cavity, pore plates are arranged at two ends of the inner cavity, and two ends of the pyrolysis cavity and two ends of the ball return pipeline are arranged on the outer sides of the pore plates. A shoveling plate is arranged at the feeding end of the cracking cavity, and the tail part of the cracking cavity is connected with a ball return pipeline through a screen; and rotating belts are arranged in the cracking cavity and the ball return pipeline, and the rotating directions of the rotating belts of the cracking cavity and the ball return pipeline are opposite. According to the pyrolysis device adopting the structure, each pyrolysis cavity forms an independent pyrolyzer, a material to be pyrolyzed and a solid heat carrier move in the pyrolysis cavities together and are pyrolyzed, when the material is discharged from the tail parts of the pyrolysis cavities, the solid heat carrier and a solid product are separated through a screen, and the solid heat carrier returns to the front end of the pyrolysis device through a ball return pipeline; and after being mixed with newly fed materials again, the solid heat carrier is cracked, so that the cracking effect can be improved, and the utilization rate of the solid heat carrier is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a multi-cavity pyrolysis device. Background Art

[0002] Cracking refers to the chemical process of converting high-molecular compounds into low-molecular compounds through thermal energy. Cracking not only finds a good solution for the treatment of large amounts of organic waste (such as waste plastics, waste rubber, etc.) generated in modern society, but also provides a new solution to improve resource reduction and energy shortages. It can provide a large amount of basic industrial raw materials and energy sources, such as carbon black, fuel oil, etc., and is one of the means to solve various resource crises in the future.

[0003] The applicant of this application has previously applied for many patent technologies related to cracking, most of which have been authorized. The applicant has not stopped further exploration of the technology. The applicant has applied for an application number of 2019114025789 in 2019, entitled "A technical solution for an industrial continuous coaxial multi-chamber cracker", in which the existing single inner cylinder is replaced by a plurality of cracking tubes located on the same circumference. When the inner cylinder rotates, the above-mentioned cracking tubes also rotate accordingly to perform cracking, and a solid heat carrier return pipe is provided in the center of the cracking tube to realize the return of the solid heat carrier to the cracker. However, in further application, the inventor found that the effect of the solid heat carrier and the material to be cracked entering the cracking tube in the above-mentioned prior application was too low, and it was difficult to achieve a higher cracking effect, and there was only one solid heat carrier return pipe. The solid heat carrier entering the return pipe adopted the technical solution in ZL200710116223.4, named "Industrial Continuous Plastic Cracker", which has a relatively complex structure, and the return efficiency of one solid heat carrier return pipe is too low. The above problems have caused the prior application to be difficult to meet the further needs of cracking. Therefore, how to solve the above problems has become a problem that the inventor needs to solve further. Utility Model Content

[0004] Based on the many deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a multi-cavity pyrolysis device, which includes an inner cavity, at least one cracking cavity is arranged in the inner cavity, a ball return pipe is arranged on one side of the cracking cavity, orifice plates are arranged at both ends of the inner cavity, both ends of the cracking cavity and the ball return pipe are arranged outside the orifice plate, and a lifting plate is arranged on the feed end of the cracking cavity, and the tail of the cracking cavity is connected to the ball return pipe through a screen; a rotating belt is arranged in the cracking cavity and the ball return pipe, and the rotating directions of the two rotating belts are opposite. With the pyrolysis device of this structure, each cracking cavity constitutes a separate cracker, and the material to be cracked moves and cracks together with the solid heat carrier in the cracking cavity. When discharged from the tail of the cracking cavity, the solid heat carrier and the solid product are separated by the screen, and the solid heat carrier returns to the front end of the pyrolysis device through the ball return pipe, and is mixed with the new material again for cracking, which not only improves the cracking effect, but also improves the utilization rate of the solid heat carrier.

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior application, the inventors found that if a ball return pipe is provided for each cracking chamber, the circulation effect of the solid heat carrier can be greatly improved. At the same time, more cracking chambers and matching ball return pipes can be provided, so that the material to be cracked can be dispersed into more cracking chambers, spread thinner and more evenly, and the cracking effect can be improved. At the same time, a lifting plate is added at the inlet end of the cracking chamber, so that the solid heat carrier and the material to be cracked can be better delivered to the cracking chamber. The improvement of the feeding efficiency also improves the cracking effect.

[0006] Based on the above concept, the specific technical solution of the utility model is:

[0007] A multi-chamber pyrolysis device, comprising an inner cavity, at least one cracking cavity is arranged in the inner cavity, a ball return pipe is arranged on one side of the cracking cavity, orifice plates are arranged at both ends of the inner cavity, both ends of the cracking cavity and the ball return pipe are arranged outside the orifice plates, a lifting plate is arranged on the feed end of the cracking cavity, and the tail of the cracking cavity is connected to the ball return pipe through a screen;

[0008] The above-mentioned inner cavity has the same structure as the inner cylinder of the prior application with application number 2019114025789 and name of an industrial continuous coaxial multi-cavity cracker, and the structure of the orifice plate is also similar to the orifice plate in the above-mentioned technical scheme; further, the above-mentioned multi-cavity pyrolysis device provided in the present application can replace the relevant structure of the inner cylinder in the above-mentioned prior application as a whole, thereby realizing the upgrading of equipment; the corresponding multi-cavity pyrolysis device described in the present application is also provided with an outer cylinder on the outside, and the part between the cracking chamber and the orifice plates at both ends of the ball return pipe in the present application is directly located in the outer cylinder, so as to better receive heat.

[0009] The biggest difference from the prior application is that a separate ball return pipe is provided on one side of each cracking chamber, and each pair of cracking chambers and ball return pipes are directly connected through a screen after passing through the orifice plate at the tail end. The preferred screen is a U-tube structure screen, or a screen hole is directly opened on the tube wall of the U-tube structure, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the cracking chamber and the ball return pipe; after the cracking chamber and the ball return pipe are connected, the solid heat carrier and the solid product will be automatically separated after entering the screen; in order to prevent the solid heat carrier from leaking out, it is necessary to limit the aperture of the screen to be smaller than the diameter of the solid heat carrier, so that the solid heat carrier directly enters the ball return pipe through the screen, while the solid product leaks through the screen hole and is sent out of the pyrolysis device; the solid heat carrier returns to the feed end through the ball return and mixes with the next batch of materials to be cracked. In this process, the solid heat carrier is heated again, and the uncracked materials attached to its surface can be cracked for the second time. At the same time, the temperature of the solid heat carrier increases, and the cracking speed can be accelerated after mixing with the next batch of materials to be cracked.

[0010] In addition, another difference between the present application and the prior application is that a lifting plate is provided on the feed end of the cracking chamber, so that the solid heat carrier and the material to be cracked can be more conveniently fed into the cracking chamber, and the lifting plate structure can be directly realized by welding the corresponding structure on the existing inner cylinder; at the same time, the existence of the lifting plate can drive the solid heat carrier to move, and during the movement, the solid heat carrier rubs against the inner wall of the feed end, thereby achieving the effect of self-cleaning of the inner wall of the feed end.

[0011] The cracking chamber and the ball return pipe are both provided with rotating belts, and the rotating belts of the two rotate in opposite directions; this can facilitate the movement of the solid heat carrier and the material to be cracked, and the gas products generated during the cracking process can also be conveniently discharged from the cracking chamber and the ball return pipe.

[0012] To sum up, in the pyrolysis device adopting this structure, each cracking chamber constitutes a separate cracker, and the material to be cracked moves and cracks together with the solid heat carrier in the cracking chamber. When discharged from the tail of the cracking chamber, the solid heat carrier and the solid product are separated by the screen, and the solid heat carrier returns to the front end of the pyrolysis device through the return ball pipe, and is mixed with the new material again before cracking. This not only improves the cracking effect, but also improves the utilization rate of the solid heat carrier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the feeding end of the multi-chamber pyrolysis device;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding end of the multi-chamber pyrolysis device;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge end of the multi-chamber pyrolysis device;

[0016] In the figure, 1 is the inner cavity, 2 is the ball return pipe, 3 is the cracking chamber, 4 is the copy plate, 5 is the orifice plate, and 6 is the screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0018] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a multi-chamber pyrolysis device comprises an inner cavity 1, wherein at least one cracking cavity 3 is arranged in the inner cavity 1, a ball return pipe 2 is arranged on one side of the cracking cavity 3, and orifice plates 5 are arranged at both ends of the inner cavity 1, both ends of the cracking cavity 3 and the ball return pipe 2 are arranged outside the orifice plates 5, and a lifting plate 4 is arranged on the feed end of the cracking cavity 3, and the tail of the cracking cavity 3 is connected to the ball return pipe 2 through a screen 6;

[0019] The above-mentioned inner cavity has the same structure as the inner cylinder of the prior application with application number 2019114025789 and the name of an industrial continuous coaxial multi-cavity cracker, and the structure of the orifice plate 5 is also similar to the orifice plate in the above-mentioned technical scheme; an outer cylinder is also provided on the outside of the multi-cavity pyrolysis device described in the present application, and the part between the cracking chamber and the orifice plates at both ends of the ball return pipe in the present application is directly located in the outer cylinder, so as to better receive heat.

[0020] The biggest difference from the prior application is that a separate ball return pipe 2 is provided on one side of each cracking chamber 3, and the tail ends of each pair of cracking chambers 3 and ball return pipes 4 are directly connected through a screen 6 after passing through the orifice plate;

[0021] The preferred screen 6 is a U-shaped tube structure, or the screen holes are directly opened on the tube wall of the U-shaped tube structure;

[0022] In this way, after the cracking chamber and the return ball pipeline are connected, the solid heat carrier and the solid product will be automatically separated after entering the screen; in order to prevent the solid heat carrier from leaking out, it is necessary to limit the aperture of the screen to be smaller than the diameter of the solid heat carrier, so that the solid heat carrier directly enters the return ball pipeline through the screen, while the solid product leaks through the screen holes and is sent out of the pyrolysis device; the solid heat carrier returns to the feed end through the return ball and mixes with the next batch of materials to be cracked. In this process, the solid heat carrier is heated again, and the uncracked materials attached to its surface can be cracked for the second time. At the same time, the temperature of the solid heat carrier increases, and the cracking speed can be accelerated after mixing with the next batch of materials to be cracked.

[0023] In addition, another difference between the present application and the prior application is that a lifting plate is provided on the feed end of the cracking chamber, so that the solid heat carrier and the material to be cracked can be more conveniently fed into the cracking chamber, and the lifting plate structure can be directly realized by welding the corresponding structure on the existing inner cylinder; at the same time, the existence of the lifting plate can drive the solid heat carrier to move, and during the movement, the solid heat carrier rubs against the inner wall of the feed end, thereby achieving the effect of self-cleaning of the inner wall of the feed end.

[0024] The cracking chamber 3 and the ball return pipe 2 are both provided with rotating belts, and the rotating belts of the two rotate in opposite directions; this can facilitate the movement of the solid heat carrier and the material to be cracked, and the gas products generated during the cracking process can also be conveniently discharged from the cracking chamber and the ball return pipe.

[0025] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-chamber pyrolysis device, comprising an inner cavity (1), wherein at least one cracking cavity (3) is arranged in the inner cavity (1), characterized in that: A ball return pipe (2) is provided on one side of the cracking chamber (3), orifice plates (5) are provided at both ends of the inner chamber (1), both ends of the cracking chamber (3) and the ball return pipe (2) are arranged outside the orifice plates (5), and a lifting plate (4) is provided on the feed end of the cracking chamber (3), and the tail of the cracking chamber (3) is connected to the ball return pipe (2) through a screen (6).

2. The multi-chamber pyrolysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screen (6) is a screen with a U-shaped tube structure or a screen hole is directly opened on the tube wall of the U-shaped tube.

3. The multi-chamber pyrolysis device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The aperture of the screen (6) is smaller than the diameter of the solid heat carrier.

4. The multi-chamber pyrolysis device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cracking chamber (3) and the ball return pipe (2) are both provided with a rotating belt, and the rotating directions of the rotating belts are opposite.

Images