Wind turbine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wind turbine, which belongs to the technical field of wind turbines and comprises an external liquid source device and at least one blade, a storage tank device is arranged in each blade and used for storing fluid, and the external liquid source device is used for providing the fluid for the storage tank devices. Each storage tank device is connected with the external liquid source device and the external environment through a reversing valve, and the storage tank devices are only communicated with the external liquid source device or are only communicated with the external environment or are not communicated with the external liquid source device or are not communicated with the external environment through switching of the reversing valves. The gravity center of the impeller is changed by injecting liquid into the blade with the storage tank device from the outside, so that the impeller has unbalanced force, the serious consequences of galloping and even reversing of the wind turbine are avoided, and the impeller which is static originally rotates under the action of the unbalanced force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of wind power generators, in particular to a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] Wind turbines convert wind energy into mechanical energy by spreading their blades to absorb wind energy and drive the impeller to rotate. The impeller drives the main shaft, the main shaft drives the speed-increasing gearbox, and the gearbox drives the generator rotor to rotate, completing the transmission of mechanical energy. The rotation of the generator rotor converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0003] The rotation of each component of a wind turbine (impeller, main shaft, speed increase gearbox, generator rotor, etc.) is limited to a certain speed range. Once the speed exceeds the range, the wind turbine is considered to have entered a "runaway" state. The "runaway" state is very harmful to the wind turbine, and in severe cases it may even result in the wind turbine "tower collapse".

[0004] In order to prevent the wind turbine from "running away", when the wind turbine impeller approaches the upper limit of the set speed range, the wind turbine controls the blades to feather (feathering means adjusting the angle of the blades to make them parallel to the wind direction or form a smaller windward angle, thereby reducing the thrust of the wind on the blades, achieving the purpose of controlling the speed or protecting the unit), reducing the impeller speed, thereby ensuring the safety of the wind turbine. The blade feathering system is not necessarily completely reliable; once the blade feathering action fails, the impeller continues to catch the wind, a large amount of wind energy is absorbed, the impeller speed further increases, and the wind turbine enters a dangerous "running away" state.

[0005] In addition, by making the wind turbine move in the crosswind, that is, keeping the impeller rotation axis at a 90° angle to the wind direction, the blades are minimally affected by the external wind thrust. In actual situations, when the blades are in the deployed position and the wind turbine enters the crosswind, during the yaw process, the yaw drive chain will be subjected to a large external load and even stop working due to overload protection, and the goal of a 90° crosswind angle cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is particularly important to reduce the speed of the impeller.

[0006] In addition, it is not easy to "crank" (ie, turn the impeller) the wind turbine when it is in the early stage of installation and the main power is not supplied.

[0007] In summary, it is important to ensure the reliability of the means for reducing the rotor speed when the rotor of the wind turbine approaches the upper limit of the set speed range, and to easily crank the wind turbine. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a wind turbine. When the blade feathering of the wind turbine fails and faces the risk of "running away" or the impeller needs to be turned, the center of gravity of the impeller is changed by injecting liquid into the blade structure with a storage tank device from the outside, that is, the center of gravity deviates from the original axis of rotation, so that an unbalanced force appears on the impeller, the resistance torque that the impeller needs to overcome for rotation is greatly increased, and the impeller rotation speed is slowed down, thereby avoiding the serious consequence of "running away" or even overturning of the wind turbine, and the originally stationary impeller will be rotated under the action of the unbalanced force, so that the impeller rotates slowly to achieve turning.

[0009] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0010] A wind turbine comprises an external liquid source device and at least one blade, wherein a storage tank device is arranged in each blade, the storage tank device is used to store fluid, the external liquid source device is used to provide fluid to the storage tank device, each storage tank device is connected to the external liquid source device and the external environment via a reversing valve, and the reversing valve is switched so that the storage tank device is connected only to the external liquid source device, or the storage tank device is connected only to the external environment, or the storage tank device is neither connected to the external liquid source device nor to the external environment.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0012] The distance between the storage tank device and the blade root of the blade is greater than one third of the length of the blade.

[0013] The reversing valve and the storage tank device are connected through a front pipe section, the external liquid source device and the reversing valve are connected through a rear injection pipe section, and a rear drainage pipe section is also provided. A drainage port which is a through hole is provided on the side wall of the blade. One end of the rear drainage pipe section is connected to the reversing valve, and the other end is connected to the drainage port.

[0014] The reversing valve has three interfaces, namely the first interface, the second interface and the third interface. The first interface is connected to the front pipe section, the second interface is connected to the rear pipe section after injection, and the third interface is connected to the rear pipe section after discharge.

[0015] There is a one-way valve on the pipe section after injection, so that the liquid in the pipe section after injection can only flow from the external liquid source device toward the storage tank device. There is also a one-way valve on the pipe section after discharge, so that the liquid in the pipe section after discharge can only flow from the reversing valve toward the drain outlet.

[0016] The external liquid source device is arranged in the cabin, and the reversing valve is arranged in the blade.

[0017] When two or more blades are provided, the external liquid source device is connected in parallel to the storage tank device in each blade.

[0018] The wind turbine also includes a control unit, and the reversing valve and the external liquid source device are electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit controls the switching of the reversing valve and the start and stop of the external liquid source device providing liquid power to the storage tank device.

[0019] The blade has an internal cavity, in which a front baffle and a rear baffle are arranged. The front baffle and the rear baffle are plate-like structures, and the front baffle and the rear baffle are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blade. The tank device is located between the front baffle and the rear baffle, and the tank device is fixed and installed on the front baffle and the rear baffle through a mounting frame.

[0020] The external liquid source device includes a pumping device, a liquid storage barrel, a pipeline, and a liquid rotating joint. The liquid storage barrel is used to store fluid. The pumping device is driven by a motor. The liquid storage barrel, the pumping device, and the liquid rotating joint are connected in sequence through pipelines. The liquid rotating joint is connected in parallel to each storage tank device in each blade.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] (1) When the blades of a wind turbine fail to feather and face the risk of "running away", the center of gravity of the impeller is changed by injecting liquid into the blade structure with a storage tank device from the outside, that is, the center of gravity deviates from the original axis of rotation, causing an unbalanced force on the impeller. The resistance torque that the impeller needs to overcome for rotation is greatly increased, the impeller speed is slowed down, and the unbalanced force of the impeller is further increased by increasing the amount of liquid injected into the blades until the impeller finally stops rotating, thereby avoiding the serious consequence of the wind turbine "running away" or even overturning.

[0023] (2) When the impeller needs to be cranked, the center of gravity of the impeller is changed by injecting liquid into the blade structure with a tank device from the outside, so that an unbalanced force appears on the impeller. The impeller will rotate under the action of the unbalanced force, thereby causing the impeller to rotate slowly and achieve cranking.

[0024] (3) Components such as the storage tank device are arranged inside the impeller and the nacelle, which will not increase the overall size of the wind turbine. It is simple, easy to use and has good effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of point D.

[0027] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection principle of an external liquid source device, a control unit and a reversing valve according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0028] Figure numerals: 1. Blade, 6. Control unit, 11. Front partition, 12. Rear partition, 13. Internal cavity, 14. Drain, 15. Storage tank device, 16. Front pipe section, 17. Rear pipe section after injection, 18. Rear pipe section after discharge, 19. Reversing valve, 20. Cabin, 21. Tower, 22. Hub, 9. External liquid source device, 9-1. Pumping device, 9-2. Liquid storage barrel, 9-3. Pipeline, 9-4. Liquid rotary joint, A. First interface, B. Second interface, C. Third interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described here is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0031] A wind turbine, such as Figure 1~Figure 3 As shown, it includes a tower 21 , a nacelle 20 , a hub 22 , an external liquid source device 9 , a control unit 6 and at least one blade 1 .

[0032] The nacelle 20 is arranged and connected to the top of the tower 21, the hub 22 is connected to one end of the nacelle 20, and one end of the blade 1 is connected to the hub 22 and the other end is cantilevered. Preferably, three blades 1 are generally provided, and the three blades 1 are arranged in a symmetrical form with the central rotation axis of the hub 22 as the center. The structure and connection method of the tower 21, the nacelle 20, the hub 22, and the blade 1 can adopt the solutions in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

[0033] The external liquid source device 9 is arranged in the nacelle 20 .

[0034] The blade 1 has an internal cavity 13, such as Figure 2As shown, a front baffle 11 and a rear baffle 12 are provided in the internal cavity 13 of the blade 1. The front baffle 11 and the rear baffle 12 are plate-like structures and are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blade 1, that is, the side wall of the internal cavity 13 of the blade 1. Preferably, the front baffle 11 and the rear baffle 12 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

[0035] A tank device 15 is arranged between the front baffle 11 and the rear baffle 12. The tank device 15 is fixed and installed on the front baffle 11 and the rear baffle 12 through a mounting frame. The tank device 15 is used to store fluid. The distance between the tank device 15 and the blade root of the blade 1 is greater than one third of the length of the blade 1.

[0036] Each storage tank device 15 is connected to the external liquid source device 9 through a reversing valve 19. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the reversing valve 19 is arranged between the front partition 11 and the rear partition 12 in the internal cavity 13, the reversing valve 19 and the storage tank device 15 are connected through the front pipe section 16, and the external liquid source device 9 and the reversing valve 19 are connected through the injection rear pipe section 17. In addition, a drainage rear pipe section 18 is also provided, and a drain port 14 which is a through hole is provided on the side wall of the blade 1. One end of the drainage rear pipe section 18 is connected to the reversing valve 19, and the other end bypasses the rear partition 12 and is inserted into the drain port 14. The front pipe section 16, the injection rear pipe section 17 and the drainage rear pipe section 18 are all pipes through which liquid can pass. Obviously, the front pipe section 16 and the drainage rear pipe section 18 are both located in the internal cavity 13.

[0037] Preferably, a storage tank device 15 is provided in each blade 1 .

[0038] The reversing valve 19 can be used to open or close the passage between the storage tank device 15 and the external liquid source device 9, and to open or close the passage between the storage tank device 15 and the post-drainage pipe section 18. The reversing valve 19 has three interfaces, namely, a first interface A, a second interface B, and a third interface C. The first interface A is connected to the front pipe section 16, the second interface B is connected to the post-injection pipe section 17, and the third interface C is connected to the post-drainage pipe section 18.

[0039] Based on the above structure, the reversing valve 19 has three states: the first state: the first interface A is connected to the second interface B and the third interface C is cut off, that is, the front pipe section 16 is connected to the rear pipe section 17 after injection; the second state: the first interface A, the second interface B and the third interface C are all cut off, that is, the front pipe section 16, the rear pipe section 17 after injection and the rear pipe section 18 after discharge are not connected to each other; the third state: the first interface A is connected to the third interface C and the second interface B is cut off, that is, the rear pipe section 18 after discharge is connected to the front pipe section 16.

[0040] External liquid source device 9 such as Figure 3As shown, it includes a pumping device 9-1, a liquid storage barrel 9-2, a pipeline 9-3, and a liquid rotary joint 9-4. The liquid storage barrel 9-2 stores liquid, and the pumping device 9-1 is a driving member driven by a motor. The liquid storage barrel 9-2, the pumping device 9-1, and the liquid rotary joint 9-4 are connected in sequence through the pipeline 9-3. The liquid rotary joint 9-4 is connected in parallel to each post-liquidation pipe section 17 in each blade 1.

[0041] The reversing valve 19 and the external liquid source device 9 are electrically connected to the control unit 6. Figure 3 As shown, the control unit 6 can input signals to the reversing valve 19 and the external liquid source device 9, control the action of switching the reversing valve 19 so that the reversing valve 19 switches between the above three states, and control the start and stop of the motor of the external liquid source device 9. The structure of the reversing valve 19 itself can adopt the structure in the prior art, and the technical solution of the control unit 6 controlling the switching of the reversing valve 19 and the motor can also adopt the solution in the prior art.

[0042] Furthermore, a one-way valve is provided on the post-injection pipe section 17, so that the liquid can only flow from the external liquid source device 9 toward the storage tank device 15. A one-way valve is also provided on the post-discharge pipe section 18, so that the liquid can only flow from the third interface C toward the drain port 14.

[0043] In this embodiment, three blades 1 are provided, and the three post-liquid injection pipe sections 17 of the three blades 1 are independently connected to the external liquid source device 9 respectively.

[0044] Based on the above structure, the working principle and process of the utility model are as follows:

[0045] When the storage tank device 15 needs to be filled with liquid, the pumping device 9-1 is started, and the liquid in the liquid storage barrel 9-2 is injected into the post-filling pipe section 17 of each blade 1 through the pipeline 9-3 and the liquid rotary joint 9-4, and is sent to the second interface B through the post-filling pipe section 17. At the same time, the control unit 6 controls the reversing valve 19 to switch to the first state, that is, the first interface A and the second interface B are connected, and the third interface C is cut off, and the liquid enters the front pipe section 16 through the first interface A and the second interface B, and then enters the storage tank device 15 through the front pipe section 16, and the total amount of liquid in the storage tank device 15 increases continuously.

[0046] When there is no need to inject or drain liquid from the storage tank device 15 , the reversing valve 19 is switched to the second state, that is, the first interface A, the second interface B, and the third interface C are all cut off. At this time, the total amount of liquid in the storage tank device 15 remains unchanged.

[0047] When the liquid in the storage tank device 15 needs to be discharged, the reversing valve 19 is switched to the third state, that is, the first interface A of the reversing valve 19 is connected to the third interface C and the second interface B is cut off. At this time, the liquid in the storage tank device 15 flows into the front pipe section 16, enters the first interface A through the front pipe section 16, and flows into the rear drainage pipe section 18 through the first interface A and the third interface C, and directly or indirectly reaches the drain port 14 through the rear drainage pipe section 18 to discharge the liquid from the blade 1.

[0048] The situations where the storage tank device 15 needs to be filled include the situation where the wind turbine is at risk of "runaway" due to feathering failure, the wind turbine needs to rotate the impeller ("cranking"), etc.

[0049] When the wind turbine is in a state of failure of feathering and faces the risk of "runaway", the external liquid source device 9 is started, the reversing valve 19 is switched to the first state, and the storage tank device 15 is filled with liquid. After the liquid is filled, the unbalanced force of the impeller increases and the impeller speed decreases. When the speed of the impeller drops to a safe range, the external liquid source device 9 is stopped, the reversing valve 19 is switched to the second state, and the storage tank device 15 stops injecting liquid. Then, the emergency feathering of the blade 1 is restored. Finally, the reversing valve 19 is switched to the third state to discharge the liquid in the storage tank device 15.

[0050] When the wind turbine needs to rotate the impeller ("cranking"), the impeller of the wind turbine is in an unlocked state. The external liquid source device 9 is started, the reversing valve 19 is switched to the first state, and the storage tank device 15 is filled with liquid. After the liquid is filled, an unbalanced force appears on the impeller and the impeller rotates. When the impeller rotates to the specified position, the impeller is locked, and then the external liquid source device 9 is stopped, the reversing valve 19 is switched to the second state, and the storage tank device 15 stops injecting liquid. If the cranking is not completed, the above-mentioned liquid injection process continues. If the cranking is completed, the reversing valve 19 is switched to the third state, the liquid in the storage tank device 15 is discharged, and the impeller of the wind turbine is exited from the locked state.

[0051] It should be noted that, during the above-mentioned liquid injection process, the liquid injection sequence of the storage tank devices 15 in the several blades 1 and the liquid flow rate in the storage tank device 15 entering each blade 1 are flexibly designed during actual use, and do not affect the protection scope of this solution, and will not be repeated here. In other words, during specific use, the increase in the unbalanced force of the impeller can be achieved through this solution, which is certain and achievable, and the specific degree of realization is flexibly designed according to actual use.

[0052] Finally, it is necessary to explain here that the above embodiments are only used to further illustrate the technical solution of the utility model in detail and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the utility model. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by technicians in this field based on the above content of the utility model belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A wind turbine, characterized in that: The invention comprises an external liquid source device (9) and at least one blade (1), wherein each blade (1) is provided with a storage tank device (15), the storage tank device (15) is used to store fluid, and the external liquid source device (9) is used to provide fluid to the storage tank device (15). Each storage tank device (15) is connected to the external liquid source device (9) and the external environment via a reversing valve (19), and the reversing valve (19) is switched so that the storage tank device (15) is connected only to the external liquid source device (9), or the storage tank device (15) is connected only to the external environment, or the storage tank device (15) is neither connected to the external liquid source device (9) nor to the external environment.

2. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the storage tank device (15) and the blade root of the blade (1) is greater than one third of the length of the blade (1).

3. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reversing valve (19) and the storage tank device (15) are connected via a front pipe section (16), the external liquid source device (9) and the reversing valve (19) are connected via a liquid injection rear pipe section (17), and a liquid discharge rear pipe section (18) is further provided. A drainage port (14) in the form of a through hole is provided on the side wall of the blade (1), one end of the liquid discharge rear pipe section (18) is connected to the reversing valve (19), and the other end is communicated with the drainage port (14).

4. The wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reversing valve (19) has three interfaces, namely a first interface (A), a second interface (B) and a third interface (C). The first interface (A) is connected to the front pipe section (16), the second interface (B) is connected to the rear injection pipe section (17), and the third interface (C) is connected to the rear discharge pipe section (18).

5. The wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A one-way valve is provided on the pipe section (17) after liquid injection, so that the liquid in the pipe section (17) after liquid injection can only flow from the external liquid source device (9) toward the storage tank device (15), and a one-way valve is also provided on the pipe section (18) after liquid discharge, so that the liquid in the pipe section (18) after liquid discharge can only flow from the reversing valve (19) toward the drain outlet (14).

6. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external liquid source device (9) is arranged in the nacelle (20), and the reversing valve (19) is arranged in the blade (1).

7. The wind turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: When two or more blades (1) are provided, the external liquid source device (9) is connected in parallel to the storage tank device (15) in each blade (1).

8. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind turbine further comprises a control unit (6), the reversing valve (19) and the external liquid source device (9) being electrically connected to the control unit (6), and the control unit (6) controls the switching of the reversing valve (19) and the start and stop of the power of the external liquid source device (9) to provide liquid to the storage tank device (15).

9. The wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The blade (1) has an internal cavity (13), and a front baffle (11) and a rear baffle (12) are arranged in the internal cavity (13) of the blade (1). The front baffle (11) and the rear baffle (12) are plate-shaped structures, and the front baffle (11) and the rear baffle (12) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blade (1). The storage tank device (15) is located between the front baffle (11) and the rear baffle (12), and the storage tank device (15) is fixed and installed on the front baffle (11) and the rear baffle (12) through a mounting frame.

10. The wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The external liquid source device (9) comprises a pumping device (9-1), a liquid storage barrel (9-2), a pipeline (9-3), and a liquid rotary joint (9-4); the liquid storage barrel (9-2) is used to store fluid; the pumping device (9-1) is driven by a motor; the liquid storage barrel (9-2), the pumping device (9-1), and the liquid rotary joint (9-4) are connected in sequence via a pipeline (9-3); and the liquid rotary joint (9-4) is connected in parallel to each storage tank device (15) in each blade (1).

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