Mixed tower displacement monitoring device based on laser

Abstract

The utility model provides a mixed tower displacement monitoring device based on laser, which is mounted on a tower platform, mounting holes are formed in the center of the tower platform, laser transmitters are mounted on the mounting holes of a foundation platform and a middle platform of a tower, the transmitting directions of the laser transmitters are vertically upward, and the laser transmitters are mounted on the mounting holes of the foundation platform and the middle platform of the tower. Laser reflectors are arranged on the mounting holes of the middle platform and the top platform of the tower drum and are respectively used for receiving laser beams emitted by the laser emitters in the adjacent next layer of basic platform or the middle platform and transmitting back displacement data of the laser beams. According to the device, a laser transmitter and a laser reflector are installed on each tower barrel platform, displacement data of a middle platform and a top platform are sequentially measured from bottom to top, the monitored displacement data are data in the x direction and the y direction, vector superposition can be directly carried out, the displacement of the tower top relative to a tower bottom foundation can be directly calculated, and the displacement accuracy is improved. Therefore, real-time monitoring of displacement data of the mixed tower is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hybrid tower displacement monitoring of wind turbine generator sets, in particular to a hybrid tower displacement monitoring device based on laser. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of wind turbines, the concrete tower (concrete tower) will bear alternating loads such as lateral force, bending moment, and torque of the head. Long-term operation may cause the torque of the tower flange connection bolts to decrease, resulting in bolt loosening and fatigue cracks in the tower, causing safety hazards. Severe cases may even lead to tower collapse accidents. Real-time monitoring of the deformation displacement of the concrete tower can effectively avoid the above situation. The deformation displacement of the concrete tower is the horizontal displacement of the top of the tower relative to the bottom of the tower. When the horizontal displacement is too large and exceeds the safety threshold, measures can be taken in advance (such as shutdown for inspection and maintenance). After eliminating the hidden dangers, continue to monitor the horizontal displacement of the concrete tower in real time.

[0003] At present, the displacement of mixed towers can be monitored by laser technology. In order to monitor the horizontal displacement of the top of the tower relative to the bottom of the tower, the laser transmitter can be arranged at the bottom of the tower, and the laser receiver can be arranged on the top of the tower. However, when the height of the mixed tower is too large, the laser beam will diverge, resulting in errors and inaccuracies in data extraction. In this regard, patent CN202323023278.4 discloses a wind turbine tower load monitoring device, including four groups of laser displacement monitoring modules, of which two groups of laser displacement sensors are arranged in the main wind direction and perpendicular to the main wind direction on the same horizontal plane at the bottom of the tower, and the other two groups of laser displacement sensors are arranged in the main wind direction and perpendicular to the main wind direction on the same horizontal plane at the top of the tower. The laser displacement monitoring module includes a laser displacement sensor and a reflector. The laser displacement sensor is fixed on the tower wall along the tower height direction. The reflector is fixed on the tower wall at an angle. The vertical center lines of the reflector and the laser displacement sensor at the fixed position on the tower wall are in a straight line. The side of the reflector that is at an obtuse angle to the tower wall faces the laser displacement sensor. The laser displacement sensor monitors the distance between the laser displacement sensor and the reflector in real time, and monitors the tiny deformation on the tower through the laser displacement sensor and the reflector. However, the patent monitors the displacement data of the tower bottom and the tower top in a single direction separately, and cannot directly read the horizontal displacement of the tower top relative to the tower bottom. Moreover, the laser displacement monitoring module is installed on the tower wall, which is inconvenient to install and is affected by the environment. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a laser-based mixed-tower displacement monitoring device, which installs a laser transmitter and a laser reflector on each tower platform to measure the displacement data of the middle platform and the top platform from bottom to top, and the monitored displacement data are data in the x and y directions, which can be directly vector-superimposed and the displacement of the tower top relative to the tower bottom foundation can be directly calculated, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the mixed-tower displacement data.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is:

[0006] A laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device is installed on a tower platform. A mounting hole is provided at the center of the tower platform. Laser emitters are installed on the mounting holes of the base platform and the middle platform of the tower, and the emission directions of the laser emitters are vertically upward. Laser reflectors are installed on the mounting holes of the middle platform and the top platform of the tower, which are respectively used to receive the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter in the base platform or the middle platform of the adjacent next layer and transmit back the displacement data of the laser beam.

[0007] The reflecting surfaces of the laser reflectors are all arranged to face downwards in an inclined manner.

[0008] The inclination angle of the reflection surface of the laser reflector is 45°.

[0009] Two laser transmitters located on the same horizontal plane are installed on the mounting holes of each base platform and the middle platform, and two laser reflectors located on the same horizontal plane are installed correspondingly on the mounting holes of the middle platform and the top platform of the tower. The installation directions of the two laser reflectors on the same platform are respectively in the X direction and the Y direction, and the angle between the X direction and the Y direction is 90°.

[0010] Leveling mechanisms for adjusting horizontality are installed on the mounting holes of the base platform, the middle platform and the top platform, and the laser transmitter and the laser reflector are installed on the leveling mechanisms.

[0011] The leveling mechanism includes a fixing ring and a main adjustment plate, wherein the fixing ring is in a circular shape as a whole, and is installed on the tower platform through a support rod or a support frame, so that the fixing ring is located above the mounting hole of the corresponding tower platform, and the center of the fixing ring and the center of the mounting hole are in a straight line; the main adjustment plate is in a triangular plate structure as a whole, and the three corners of the main adjustment plate are installed on the fixing ring through leveling screws and leveling nuts, and the horizontality of the main adjustment plate is adjusted by adjusting the leveling nuts at the three corners of the main adjustment plate; the laser transmitter is installed on the upper surface of the main adjustment plate, and the laser reflectors are installed on the lower surface of the main adjustment plate.

[0012] The fixing ring is attached with three support plates, three leveling screws are vertically fixed on the three support plates, three leveling nuts are respectively sleeved on the three leveling screws, and the three corners of the main adjustment plate pass through the three leveling screws and are placed on the three leveling nuts.

[0013] The three corners of the main adjustment plate are vertically connected to the fixing plate, and the fixing plates are provided with strip holes along the vertical direction. The support plate is also connected to the outer side of the fixing plate, and the connecting plate is provided with bolt holes. The bolt holes and the strip holes are penetrated with fastening bolts, and the fixing plate and the connecting plate are locked and fixed by the fastening bolts.

[0014] The three support plates are all fixed on the fixing ring by clamps, the clamps are clamped on the bottom of the fixing ring and are fixed to the support plates by screws from both sides of the fixing ring.

[0015] The laser reflectors are all connected to a data collector to transmit the extracted displacement data to the data collector, which is connected to a host computer. An early warning module is provided on the host computer. The host computer receives the mixed tower displacement data. When the mixed tower displacement exceeds a safety threshold, the early warning module issues an early warning.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the utility model has the following advantages: (1) The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device provided by the utility model measures the displacement data of the middle platform and the top platform from bottom to top by installing a laser transmitter and a laser reflector on each tower platform, and the monitored displacement data are data in the x and y directions, which can be directly vector-superimposed, thereby facilitating the calculation of the displacement of the tower top relative to the tower bottom foundation, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the mixed tower displacement data.

[0017] (2) The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device provided by the utility model adjusts the horizontal state of the laser emitter and the laser reflector through a leveling mechanism to ensure that the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter is irradiated vertically upward onto the laser reflector, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring result.

[0018] (3) The leveling mechanism in the utility model includes a fixing ring, a main adjustment plate, a leveling screw and a support plate, which can realize the leveling operation of the main adjustment plate, thereby ensuring the horizontal state of the laser transmitter and the laser reflector installed on the main adjustment plate. At the same time, after the leveling operation is completed, the main adjustment plate and the support plate can be locked and fixed by the locking bolts to ensure the installation stability of the main adjustment plate.

[0019] (4) In the utility model, the laser reflectors are connected to the data collector, which is connected to the host computer. The host computer is provided with an early warning module. The host computer receives the mixed tower displacement data. When the mixed tower displacement exceeds the safety threshold, the early warning module issues an early warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is the installation principle diagram of the laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device provided by the utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 The installation structure of the hybrid tower displacement monitoring device based on laser provided by the utility model on the middle platform of the tower Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 4 The installation structure of the hybrid tower displacement monitoring device based on laser provided by the utility model on the middle platform of the tower Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 5 A top view of the installation of the laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device provided by the utility model on the middle platform of the tower;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the laser-based hybrid tower displacement monitoring device provided by the utility model on the middle platform of the tower;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main adjustment plate, the support plate and the clamp in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the main adjustment plate, the support plate and the clamp in the utility model;

[0028] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device provided by the utility model establishing a tower coordinate system during monitoring;

[0029] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of data measurement and extraction in the x and y directions of the laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device provided by the utility model;

[0030] In the figure: 1-basic platform, 2-middle platform, 3-top platform, 4-laser transmitter, 5-laser reflector, 6-laser beam, 7-fixing ring, 8-main adjustment plate, 9-leveling screw, 10-support plate, 11-fixing plate, 12-connecting plate, 13-fastening bolt, 14-clamp, 15-fixing frame, 16-strip hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] The hybrid tower displacement monitoring device based on laser provided by the utility model is installed on a tower platform, and the tower platform includes a base platform 1, a plurality of intermediate platforms 2 and a top platform 3, such as Figure 1 In this embodiment, a mounting hole is provided at the center of the tower platform, and the mounting hole provides a propagation channel for the laser beam.

[0033] The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device includes a laser emitter 4 and a laser reflector 5. The laser emitters are installed on the mounting holes of the base platform and the middle platform of the tower, and the emission directions of the laser emitters are vertically upward. The laser reflectors are installed on the mounting holes of the middle platform and the top platform 3 of the tower, respectively, for receiving the laser beam 6 emitted by the laser emitter in the base platform or the middle platform of the adjacent next layer and transmitting back the displacement data of the laser beam, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 Specifically, the reflecting surfaces of the laser reflectors are all tilted downwards, and in order to facilitate the subsequent calculation, the tilt angle of the reflecting surfaces of the laser reflectors in this embodiment is 45°.

[0034] The laser emitter on the basic platform emits a laser beam to the laser reflector on the adjacent intermediate platform above it, and the laser emitter transmits back the displacement data of the laser beam; the laser emitter on the intermediate platform emits a laser beam to the laser reflector on the adjacent intermediate platform above it, and the laser emitter transmits back the displacement data of the laser beam; the laser emitter on the topmost intermediate platform emits a laser beam to the laser reflector on the adjacent top platform above it, and the laser emitter transmits back the displacement data of the laser beam; from the bottom basic platform, through the intermediate platform, to the top platform, the laser emitter of each platform reads the position data of the adjacent platform, and from bottom to top, measures the displacement data of the intermediate platform and the top platform in turn.

[0035] However, the directions of the above displacement data are different and cannot be directly added. Therefore, in this embodiment, two laser transmitters located on the same horizontal plane are installed on the mounting holes of each base platform and the middle platform, and two laser reflectors located on the same horizontal plane are installed on the mounting holes of the middle platform and the top platform of the tower. The installation directions of the two laser reflectors on the same platform are respectively in the x direction and the y direction, and the angle between the x direction and the y direction is 90°. Figure 6 As shown, the displacements in the two directions x and y between the two platforms are monitored respectively, and finally the displacements in the x direction of each platform are directly added together, and the displacements in the y direction of each platform are added together, so as to obtain the displacements in the two horizontal directions x and y of the tower top relative to the tower bottom.

[0036] In this embodiment, the mounting holes of the base platform, the middle platform and the top platform are equipped with leveling mechanisms for adjusting the horizontality, and the laser emitter and the laser reflector are installed on the leveling mechanisms, so as to adjust the horizontal state of the laser emitter and the laser reflector, and ensure that the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter is vertically irradiated upward onto the laser reflector, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring results. Specifically, only the laser emitter is installed on the leveling mechanism of the base platform; the laser emitter and the laser reflector are installed on the leveling mechanism of the middle platform, such as Figure 3-Figure 6 As shown; only the laser reflector is installed on the leveling mechanism of the top platform.

[0037] In this embodiment, the leveling mechanism includes a fixing ring 7 and a main adjustment plate 8. The fixing ring is in a circular shape as a whole, and is installed on the tower platform through a support rod or a support frame, so that the fixing ring is located above the mounting hole of the corresponding tower platform, and the center of the fixing ring is in a straight line with the center of the mounting hole; the main adjustment plate is in a triangular plate structure as a whole, such as Figure 7 As shown, the three corners of the main adjustment plate are mounted on the fixing ring through the leveling screws 9 and the leveling nuts. The level of the main adjustment plate is adjusted by adjusting the leveling nuts at the three corners of the main adjustment plate. The laser emitters are mounted on the upper surface of the main adjustment plate, and the laser reflectors are mounted on the lower surface of the main adjustment plate. Furthermore, a fixing frame 15 is fixedly mounted on the main adjustment plate, and the laser emitter is fixedly mounted on the fixing frame; preferably, the fixing frame is a triangular support frame.

[0038] Specifically, three support plates 10 are attached to the fixing ring, three leveling screws are vertically fixed on the three support plates, three leveling nuts are respectively sleeved on the three leveling screws, and the three corners of the main adjustment plate pass through the three leveling screws and are placed on the three leveling nuts. At this time, the height of the three leveling nuts on the leveling screws can be adjusted to fine-tune the horizontality of the main adjustment plate. Figure 8 As shown. In order to ensure the installation stability of the main adjustment plate, in this embodiment, the three corners of the main adjustment plate are vertically connected to the fixing plate 11, and the fixing plate is provided with strip holes 16 along the vertical direction. The support plate is also connected to the outer side of the fixing plate. The connecting plate is correspondingly provided with bolt holes, and the bolt holes and the strip holes are penetrated with fastening bolts 13, and the fixing plate and the connecting plate are locked and fixed by the fastening bolts. During on-site installation, the fastening bolts can be loosened first, and then a level meter can be placed on the main adjustment plate or the level meter can be directly set on the main adjustment plate. With the help of the level meter, the three leveling nuts can be adjusted to fine-tune the horizontal state of the main adjustment plate. After the main adjustment plate is adjusted to the level, all the fastening bolts are tightened, that is, the leveling step of the main adjustment plate is completed, and then the installation of the laser transmitter and the laser reflector can be continued. In this embodiment, the three support plates are locked and fixed to the fixing ring by the clamp 14. The clamp is clamped at the bottom of the fixing ring and is locked and fixed to the support plate by screws from both sides of the fixing ring.

[0039] The monitoring principle of the hybrid tower displacement monitoring device based on laser provided by the utility model is as follows: establish a tower coordinate system: along the central axis of the tower, upward is +z, according to the right-hand screw rule, horizontal right is +x, horizontal upward is +y, such as Fig. 9 The laser transmitter emits a laser beam to the laser reflector. Because the laser reflector is tilted at an angle of 45°, the displacement data z1=x, z2=y read by the laser transmitter are as follows: Fig.10 As shown, the displacement data of the mixed tower in the x and y directions are extracted. The deformation of the mixed tower mainly focuses on the displacement of the tower top relative to the tower bottom foundation. Assuming that there is only one intermediate platform, the displacement data extracted by the laser transmitter on the intermediate platform is x1 and y1, and the displacement data extracted by the laser transmitter on the tower top platform is x2 and y2. Then the entire mixed tower deformation, that is, the horizontal x and y direction deformation displacement data of the tower top relative to the tower bottom foundation is x=x1+x2 (vector superposition), y=y1+y2 (vector superposition), thereby realizing the real-time monitoring of the displacement data of the mixed tower. The laser reflectors are all connected to the data collector, and the extracted displacement data is transmitted to the data collector. The data collector is connected to the host computer, and an early warning module is set on the host computer. The host computer receives the displacement data of the mixed tower. When the displacement of the mixed tower exceeds the safety threshold, the early warning module issues an early warning.

Claims

1. A laser-based hybrid tower displacement monitoring device, installed on a tower platform, characterized in that: The center of the tower platform is provided with a mounting hole, wherein laser emitters are installed on the mounting holes of the base platform and the middle platform of the tower, and the emission directions of the laser emitters are vertically upward; laser reflectors are installed on the mounting holes of the middle platform and the top platform of the tower, which are respectively used to receive the laser beam emitted by the laser emitter in the base platform or the middle platform of the adjacent next layer and transmit back the displacement data of the laser beam.

2. The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reflecting surfaces of the laser reflectors are all arranged to face downwards in an inclined manner.

3. The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inclination angle of the reflection surface of the laser reflector is 45°.

4. The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two laser transmitters located on the same horizontal plane are installed on the mounting holes of each base platform and the middle platform, and two laser reflectors located on the same horizontal plane are installed correspondingly on the mounting holes of the middle platform and the top platform of the tower. The installation directions of the two laser reflectors on the same platform are respectively in the X direction and the Y direction, and the angle between the X direction and the Y direction is 90°.

5. The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Leveling mechanisms for adjusting horizontality are installed on the mounting holes of the base platform, the middle platform and the top platform, and the laser transmitter and the laser reflector are installed on the leveling mechanisms.

6. The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The leveling mechanism includes a fixing ring and a main adjustment plate, wherein the fixing ring is in a circular shape as a whole, and is installed on the tower platform through a support rod or a support frame, so that the fixing ring is located above the mounting hole of the corresponding tower platform, and the center of the fixing ring is in a straight line with the center of the mounting hole; the main adjustment plate is in a triangular plate structure as a whole, and the three corners of the main adjustment plate are installed on the fixing ring through leveling screws and leveling nuts, and the horizontality of the main adjustment plate is adjusted by adjusting the leveling nuts at the three corners of the main adjustment plate; the laser transmitter is installed on the upper surface of the main adjustment plate, and the laser reflectors are installed on the lower surface of the main adjustment plate.

7. The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The fixing ring is attached with three support plates, three leveling screws are vertically fixed on the three support plates, three leveling nuts are respectively sleeved on the three leveling screws, and the three corners of the main adjustment plate pass through the three leveling screws and are placed on the three leveling nuts.

8. The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The three corners of the main adjustment plate are vertically connected to the fixing plate, and the fixing plates are provided with strip holes along the vertical direction. The support plate is also connected to the outer side of the fixing plate, and the connecting plate is provided with bolt holes. The bolt holes and the strip holes are penetrated with fastening bolts, and the fixing plate and the connecting plate are locked and fixed by the fastening bolts.

9. The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The three support plates are all fixed on the fixing ring by clamps, the clamps are clamped at the bottom of the fixing ring and are fixed to the support plates by screws from both sides of the fixing ring.

10. The laser-based mixed tower displacement monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser reflectors are all connected to a data collector to transmit the extracted displacement data to the data collector, which is connected to a host computer. An early warning module is provided on the host computer. The host computer receives the mixed tower displacement data. When the mixed tower displacement exceeds a safety threshold, the early warning module issues an early warning.

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