Off-grid power generation power supply of fuel cell

Abstract

The off-grid power generation power supply of the fuel cell comprises a hydrogen fuel cell body, a DC-DC power supply module, a gas detection module, an electric air extractor, a time control circuit, an element box, a gas leakage grade prompting circuit and an alarm circuit, the DC-DC power supply module, the gas detection module, the electric air exhauster, the time control circuit, the gas leakage grade prompting circuit and the alarm circuit are arranged in the element box and are electrically connected; the element box is provided with an air inlet hole and an air outlet hole. According to the device, the air exhauster can be controlled to suck external air into the element box at regular intervals, and the external air is detected by the air detection module, so that compared with a passive leaked gas collection mode, an active air extraction mode can achieve a better gas sampling effect; when hydrogen leakage occurs near the hydrogen fuel cell body, a visual sound-light alarm can be given and related personnel can be respectively prompted to process according to the amount of leaked hydrogen through a plurality of gas leakage level prompting circuits, so that safe and reliable work of electric equipment is ensured as far as possible, and threats to the safety of the related personnel are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an off-grid power source of fuel cells. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells (a fuel cell that does not incorporate the output power supply into the power grid and supplies power to corresponding electrical equipment alone can also be called an off-grid power source) is a chemical device that directly converts the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy, also known as an electrochemical generator. It is the fourth power generation technology after hydropower, thermal power generation and atomic power generation. Since fuel cells convert the Gibbs free energy part of the chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, they are not restricted by the Carnot cycle effect, so they are highly efficient. In addition, fuel cells use fuel and oxygen as raw materials, and have no mechanical transmission parts, so they emit very few harmful gases and have a long service life. It can be seen that from the perspective of energy conservation and ecological environment protection, fuel cells are the most promising power generation technology (for example, hydrogen fuel cells directly convert the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy. The basic principle is the reverse reaction of water electrolysis, where hydrogen and oxygen (usually directly using oxygen contained in the air) are supplied to the anode and cathode respectively. After hydrogen diffuses outward through the anode and reacts with the electrolyte, it releases electrons through the external electrical load to the cathode, thereby forming a circuit path to achieve the purpose of supplying power to the electrical load).

[0003] Although the existing hydrogen fuel cell technology is relatively mature and meets the needs of use to a certain extent, there are still some problems due to structural limitations. Specifically, it does not have a matching hydrogen leak detection mechanism. In this way, when the hydrogen tank (including pipelines) or other components of the hydrogen fuel cell are damaged or hydrogen leaks, the relevant personnel cannot find and deal with it in the first time, which will lead to reduced power generation efficiency or cessation of power generation, and there is even a chance that the leaked hydrogen will explode when it encounters a fire point. In summary, it is particularly necessary to provide a hydrogen fuel cell based on a hydrogen fuel cell body that not only has the functions of an ordinary hydrogen fuel cell, but also can effectively detect whether there is a hydrogen leak in the application. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the drawbacks of existing hydrogen fuel cells as described in the background due to structural limitations, the utility model provides a method based on a hydrogen fuel cell body to independently power electrical equipment. It not only has the function of a hydrogen fuel cell, but also, under the joint action of relevant mechanisms during application, can draw external air into the outer casing through a vacuum pump and detect it through a gas detection module to achieve a better gas sampling effect. When hydrogen leakage occurs in the corresponding area, it can give an intuitive sound and light alarm and prompt relevant personnel to handle it according to the amount of leaked hydrogen, thereby ensuring the safe and reliable operation of electrical equipment as much as possible and reducing the fuel cell off-grid power supply that poses a threat to the safety of relevant personnel.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] A fuel cell off-grid power supply comprises a hydrogen fuel cell body, a DC-DC power module, a gas detection module, an electric vacuum pump, a timing circuit, and a component box, characterized in that it also comprises a leakage level prompt circuit and an alarm circuit; the DC-DC power module, the gas detection module, the electric vacuum pump, the timing circuit, the leakage level prompt circuit, and the alarm circuit are installed in the component box; the component box has an air inlet and an exhaust hole, the gas detection module is installed at the upper end of the exhaust pipe of the electric vacuum pump, and the detection surface of the gas detection module is aligned with the exhaust pipe of the electric vacuum pump; the leakage level prompt circuit has multiple channels, and the power input ends of the multiple leakage level prompt circuits, the timing circuit, the gas detection module, and the alarm circuit are electrically connected to the power output end of the DC-DC power module, the power output end of the timing circuit is electrically connected to the power input end of the electric vacuum pump, and the signal output end of the gas detection module is electrically connected to the signal input end of the multiple leakage level prompt circuits and the prompt circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the air inlet pipe of the electric vacuum pump is located at the outer end of the air inlet hole of the component box, and the gas detection module is located at the lower end of the air outlet hole of the component box.

[0008] Furthermore, the multi-path leakage level indication circuit structure is consistent, and all include electrically connected resistors and light-emitting diodes, one end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor, the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the third resistor and the base of the transistor, the collector of the transistor is connected to the cathode of the light-emitting diode, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the emitter of the transistor.

[0009] Furthermore, the resistance value of the first resistor of the multi-path leakage level prompt circuit is inconsistent.

[0010] Furthermore, the alarm circuit includes an electrically connected resistor, a transistor, and an alarm, wherein the negative power input terminal of the alarm is connected to the collector of the transistor, and one end of the resistor is connected to the base of the transistor.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention is based on the hydrogen fuel cell body and independently supplies power to electrical equipment. It not only has the function of a hydrogen fuel cell, but also, under the action of the timing circuit, can control the vacuum fan to draw external air into the component box at regular intervals for detection by the gas detection module during application. Compared with the passive collection of leaked gas, the active vacuum can achieve better gas sampling effects; (2) When hydrogen leakage occurs near the hydrogen fuel cell body, the alarm circuit can give an intuitive sound and light alarm and prompt relevant personnel to handle the problem according to the amount of leaked hydrogen and through multiple leakage level prompt circuits. This ensures the safe and reliable operation of electrical equipment as much as possible and reduces the threat to the safety of relevant personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and the partially enlarged structure of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Figure 1 , 2 As shown in the figure, the fuel cell off-grid power supply includes a hydrogen fuel cell body G1, a DC-DC power module A1, a gas detection module A2, an electric vacuum pump M, a timing circuit 1, a component box 2, and also has a leakage level prompt circuit 3 and an alarm circuit 4; the DC-DC power module A1, the gas detection module A2, the electric vacuum pump M, the timing circuit 1, the leakage level prompt circuit 3, and the alarm circuit 4 are installed in the component box 2, and the component box 2 is installed on the shell of the hydrogen fuel cell body G1; the front end and the middle part of the upper end of the component box 2 are respectively provided with an air inlet 21 and an exhaust hole 22, and a support rod 5 is welded on both sides of the upper end of the exhaust pipe of the electric vacuum pump M, and the gas detection module A2 is vertically installed on the two support rods 5, and the detection surface of the gas detection module A2 is aligned with the outer upper end of the exhaust pipe of the electric vacuum pump M (with a spacing of 1 cm).

[0016] Figure 1 , 2As shown in , the front end of the air inlet pipe of the electric vacuum pump M is located at the front outer end of the air inlet hole 21 of the component box, and the upper end of the gas detection module A2 is located at the lower end of the exhaust hole 22 and is spaced apart from the lower end of the exhaust hole 22 by a distance (1 cm). There are three leakage level warning circuits. The first leakage level warning circuit includes resistors R1, R2, and R8, transistor Q2, and light-emitting diode VL1 connected via circuit board wiring. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R8, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R2 and the base of the transistor Q2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the light-emitting diode VL1, the other end of the second resistor R8 is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode VL1, and the other end of the third resistor R2 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2. The second leakage level warning circuit includes resistors R3, R4, and R9, a transistor Q3, and a light-emitting diode VL2 connected via circuit board wiring. One end of the first resistor R3 is connected to one end of the second resistor R9, the other end of the first resistor R3 is connected to one end of the third resistor R4 and the base of the transistor Q3, the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the cathode of the light-emitting diode VL2, the other end of the second resistor R9 is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode VL2, and the other end of the third resistor R4 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2. The third leakage level warning circuit includes resistors R5, R6, and R10 connected via circuit board wiring, transistor Q4, and light emitting diode VL3. One end of the first resistor R5 is connected to one end of the second resistor R10, the other end of the first resistor R5 is connected to one end of the third resistor R6 and the base of transistor Q4, the collector of transistor Q4 is connected to the negative electrode of light emitting diode VL3, the other end of the second resistor R10 is connected to the positive electrode of light emitting diode VL3, and the other end of the third resistor R6 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q3. The resistance values ​​of the first resistor of the three-way leakage level warning circuit are 2K, 2.2K, and 2.4K respectively. The alarm circuit includes resistor R7, transistor Q1, and buzzer H connected via circuit board wiring. The negative power input end of buzzer H is connected to the collector of transistor Q1, and one end of resistor R7 is connected to the base of transistor Q1. The light-emitting surfaces of the three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, and VL3 are respectively located outside the three openings at the front end of the component box.

[0017] Figure 1 , 2As shown, the other end of the power input resistors R2, R4, and R6 of the three-way gas leakage level prompt circuit is connected to the power output pin 4 of the DC-DC power module A1 through a wire. The power input pins 1 and 2 of the timing circuit A3, the power input pins 1 and 2 of the gas detection module A2, the positive power input of the power input signal H of the alarm circuit, and the emitter of the transistor Q1 are connected to the power output pins 3 and 4 of the DC-DC power module A2 through a wire, respectively. The power output pins 3 and 4 of the timing circuit A3 are connected to the positive and negative power inputs of the electric vacuum pump M through a wire, respectively. The signal output pin 3 of the gas detection module A2 is connected to the other end of the signal input resistors R1, R3, and R5 of the three-way gas leakage level prompt circuit through a wire. The signal output pin 3 of the gas detection module A2 is connected to the other end of the signal input resistor R7 of the alarm circuit through a wire.

[0018] Figure 1 , 2As shown, the new type is based on the hydrogen fuel cell body G1 (outputting DC 72V power supply) and supplies power to electrical equipment alone. When the hydrogen fuel cell body G1 is working, the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen is directly converted into electrical energy. Its basic principle is the reverse reaction of water electrolysis, and hydrogen and oxygen (usually directly using the oxygen contained in the air) are supplied to the anode and cathode respectively. After hydrogen diffuses outward through the anode and reacts with the electrolyte, it releases electrons through the external electrical load to reach the cathode, thereby forming a circuit path to achieve the purpose of supplying power to the electrical load; the above is an existing mature technology, and this application will not repeat it, nor will it provide any protection for the above technical solution. After the DC power output by the hydrogen fuel cell body G1 enters the power input terminal of the DC-DC power module A1, the 3rd and 4th pins of the DC-DC power module A1 output a stable DC 12V power supply that enters the power input terminal of the three-way leakage level prompt circuit and the gas detection module A2, the alarm circuit, and the time control circuit A3. After the timing circuit A3 is powered on, its pins 3 and 4 will output power for a certain period of time at regular intervals (for example, 2 minutes of power will be output every 30 minutes, and the main purpose of outputting power at intervals is to save electricity) and enter the power input end of the electric vacuum pump M. Therefore, the electric vacuum pump M is powered on and works for a certain period of time at regular intervals, and the gas near the hydrogen fuel cell body G1 is drawn in through the front air inlet 21 of the component box 2 and discharged through the exhaust hole 22, and the external air can effectively act on the detection head of the gas detection module A2. In this way, compared with the passive collection of leaked gas, the active suction method of the gas detection module A2 can achieve better gas sampling effect (when collecting leaked hydrogen in a passive way, if there is wind disturbance on site so that the leaked hydrogen does not enter the detection head of the gas detection module A2, then the detection effect of the gas detection module A2 is relatively limited; without considering power saving in this application, the power input end of the electric vacuum pump and the power output end of the DC-DC power supply module A1 can also be directly connected). When there is no hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen fuel cell body G1 and its accessories (such as hydrogen tanks and attached pipelines), the 3rd pin of the gas detection module A2 does not output a voltage signal, and all the LEDs and sounders in the subsequent stages will not be powered on, indicating that there is no hydrogen leakage at the scene. When there is a hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen fuel cell body G1 and its accessories, the 3rd pin of the gas detection module A2 will output a voltage signal. The greater the amount of hydrogen leaked at the scene, the higher the voltage signal output by the 3rd pin of the gas detection module A2, and vice versa.When the amount of hydrogen leaked on site is relatively small, the voltage signal output by the gas detection module A2 enters the base of the transistor Q2 after voltage division by resistors R1 and R2, and is higher than 0.7V (because the resistance values ​​of resistors R3 and R5 are greater than the resistance value of R1, the relatively high voltage division enters the base voltage of transistors Q3 and Q4, which is lower than 0.7V, and transistors Q3 and Q4 will not be turned on, and the corresponding light-emitting diodes VL2 and VL3 will not be powered on and emit light), the transistor Q2 is turned on and the collector outputs a low level and enters the negative power input terminal of the light-emitting diode VL1, and the light-emitting diode VL1 (resistor R8 has the function of voltage reduction and current limiting) is powered on and emits light to remind relevant personnel that the amount of hydrogen leaked on site is relatively small. When the amount of hydrogen leaked on site is relatively large, the voltage signal output by the gas detection module A2 enters the base of the transistor Q3 after voltage division by resistors R3 and R4, and is higher than 0.7V (since the resistance value of resistor R5 is greater than the resistance value of R3, the relatively high voltage division enters the base voltage of the transistor Q4, which is lower than 0.7V, the transistor Q4 will not be turned on, and the corresponding light-emitting diode VL3 will not be energized and emit light), the transistor Q3 is turned on, the collector outputs a low level and enters the negative power input terminal of the light-emitting diode VL2, and the light-emitting diode VL2 (resistor R9 has the function of voltage reduction and current limiting, and the light-emitting diode VL1 is energized and emits light) is energized and emits light to remind relevant personnel that the amount of hydrogen leaked on site is relatively large. When the amount of hydrogen leaked on site is large, the voltage signal output by the gas detection module A2 enters the base of the transistor Q4 after being divided by resistors R5 and R6 and is higher than 0.7V. The transistor Q4 is turned on and the collector outputs a low level which enters the negative power input terminal of the light-emitting diode VL3. The light-emitting diode VL3 (resistor R10 has the function of voltage reduction and current limiting; at the same time, the light-emitting diodes VL1 and VL2 are energized to emit light) is energized to emit light to remind relevant personnel that the amount of hydrogen leaked on site is large.

[0019] Figure 1 , 2As shown, regardless of the size of the hydrogen leakage, the voltage signal output from the 3rd pin of the gas detection module A2 is reduced and limited by the resistor R7, and enters the base of the transistor Q1, which is higher than 0.7V. The transistor Q1 is turned on and the collector outputs a low level, which enters the negative power input terminal of the alarm H. Therefore, the alarm H is energized and sounds to remind nearby relevant personnel that hydrogen leakage has occurred at the hydrogen fuel cell body. After hearing the sound, the relevant personnel can timely understand the size of the leaked hydrogen by observing the light emission of the three light-emitting diodes and take targeted measures (for example, only one light-emitting diode V When L1 lights up, it means the hydrogen leakage is relatively small. You can temporarily leave the main valve of the hydrogen tank open. You can first check the output voltage of the hydrogen fuel cell body to see if the amount of hydrogen discharged into the air is too large due to insufficient reaction caused by excessive hydrogen supply. In this case, the staff can adjust the low hydrogen input. When the two light-emitting diodes VL1 and VL2 light up, it means the hydrogen leakage is relatively large. When the three light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, and VL3 light up, it means the hydrogen leakage is large. The staff can shut down the hydrogen input for maintenance to prevent unforeseen accidents caused by excessive hydrogen leakage). Figure 2 In the figure, DC-DC power module A1 is a finished product of a 12V DC to DC switching power module (input is between 12V and 120V, output is 12V DC power); the resistance values ​​of resistors R2, R4, and R6 are 1K; the resistance value of resistor R7 is 500Ω; the resistance values ​​of resistors R8, R9, and R10 are 1.8K; the light-emitting diodes VL1, VL2, and VL3 are red light-emitting diodes; the alarm H is a finished product of an active continuous sound alarm of model XF12V; the transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 are NPN of model 9013 type triode; the electric vacuum pump M is an electric vacuum pump body with a working voltage of DC 12W and 20W, which has a motor, a volute, and blades. The motor is installed at the right outer end of the volute and the shaft is located in the volute. The blades are tightly sleeved on the outer end of the shaft and are located in the volute. The upper and lower ends of the volute are respectively provided with an intake pipe and an exhaust pipe; the time control circuit A3 is a time controller of the brand Delixi and model KG316, which has two power input terminals, two power output terminals, and seven setting buttons. The seven buttons can be operated separately to set the time interval for the two power output terminals to output power; the gas detection module A2 is a high-performance gas detector of model ZCT-100-ZX, which has two power input terminals and a signal output terminal. The signal output terminal will output a voltage signal varying between 0-5V depending on the concentration of toxic and harmful gases in the monitored environment.

[0020] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the utility model and the advantages of the utility model. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the utility model is limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the utility model can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the utility model. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the utility model is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the utility model.

[0021] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to the implementation mode, the implementation mode does not only include an independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in the embodiments can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A fuel cell off-grid power supply, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell body, a DC-DC power module, a gas detection module, an electric air pump, a time control circuit, and a component box, characterized in that: It also has a leakage level prompt circuit and an alarm circuit; the DC-DC power supply module, gas detection module, electric vacuum pump, timing control circuit, leakage level prompt circuit and alarm circuit are installed in a component box; the component box has an air inlet and an exhaust hole, the gas detection module is installed at the upper end of the exhaust pipe of the electric vacuum pump, and the detection surface of the gas detection module is aligned with the exhaust pipe of the electric vacuum pump; the leakage level prompt circuit has multiple channels, and the power input ends of the multiple leakage level prompt circuits, timing control circuits, gas detection modules and alarm circuits are electrically connected to the power output ends of the DC-DC power supply module, the power output end of the timing control circuit is electrically connected to the power input end of the electric vacuum pump, and the signal output end of the gas detection module is electrically connected to the signal input ends of the multiple leakage level prompt circuits and the prompt circuits.

2. The fuel cell off-grid power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe of the electric vacuum pump is located at the outer end of the air inlet hole of the component box, and the gas detection module is located at the lower end of the exhaust hole of the component box.

3. The fuel cell off-grid power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structures of the multi-channel leakage level indication circuits are consistent, and all include electrically connected resistors and light-emitting diodes. One end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor, the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the third resistor and the base of the transistor, the collector of the transistor is connected to the cathode of the light-emitting diode, the other end of the second resistor is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the emitter of the transistor.

4. The fuel cell off-grid power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance value of the first resistor in the multi-path leakage level prompt circuit is inconsistent.

5. The fuel cell off-grid power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm circuit comprises an electrically connected resistor, a triode and a buzzer, wherein the negative power input terminal of the buzzer is connected to the collector of the triode, and one end of the resistor is connected to the base of the triode.

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