Three-chamber modularized liquid flow single battery module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a three-chamber modularized flow single battery module, and belongs to the technical field of flow batteries. Comprising a first bipolar plate, a positive electrode sealing gasket, a positive electrode carbon felt, a positive electrode liquid flow frame, a first middle sealing gasket, an anion exchange membrane, a middle liquid flow frame net, a middle liquid flow frame body, a cation exchange membrane, a second middle sealing gasket, a negative electrode liquid flow frame, a negative electrode carbon felt, a negative electrode sealing gasket and a second bipolar plate. The ion exchange chamber of the middle liquid flow frame body is divided into a left, middle and right independent positive electrode reaction chamber (a central cavity in the center of the positive electrode liquid flow frame), an ion exchange chamber and a negative electrode reaction chamber (a central cavity in the center of the negative electrode liquid flow frame) through an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane to form a three-chamber structure; the electrolyte existing in different environments can form a redox couple in the same single battery module, and the assembly of each liquid flow frame and the corresponding ion exchange membrane is convenient, efficient and reliable, and does not need to depend on precise equipment in the assembly process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of liquid flow batteries, and in particular to a three-chamber modular liquid flow single battery module. Background Art

[0002] Liquid flow battery is an electrochemical energy storage technology proposed by Thaller in 1974. Simply put, liquid flow battery consists of a stack unit, electrolyte, electrolyte storage and supply unit, and management control unit. Liquid flow battery is a high-performance battery that separates the positive and negative electrolytes and circulates them separately. It has the characteristics of high capacity, wide application range, and long cycle life. As a new type of large-scale and efficient electrochemical energy storage technology, liquid flow battery technology realizes the mutual conversion and energy storage of electrical energy and chemical energy through the valence change of reactive substances. In liquid flow batteries, active substances are stored in electrolytes and have fluidity, which can realize the spatial separation of electrochemical reaction sites (electrodes) and energy storage active substances. The battery power and capacity design are relatively independent, which is suitable for large-scale power storage needs. Unlike ordinary secondary batteries, the energy storage active materials and electrodes of liquid flow batteries are completely separated, and the power and capacity designs are independent of each other, which makes it easy to combine modules and place the battery structure; the electrolyte is stored in a tank and will not self-discharge; the battery stack only provides a place for electrochemical reactions and does not undergo redox reactions itself; the active materials are dissolved in the electrolyte, and the risk of electrode dendrite growth piercing the diaphragm is greatly reduced in liquid flow batteries; at the same time, the flowing electrolyte can take away the heat generated by the battery charging / discharging process, avoiding damage to the battery structure or even combustion due to battery heating.

[0003] At present, the stack units of liquid flow batteries are all two-chamber structures. The two-chamber stack units are composed of a positive electrode chamber, a negative electrode chamber, electrodes and an ion exchange membrane. The membrane separates the positive / negative electrodes, one side of the membrane is the positive electrode chamber, and the other side is the negative electrode chamber. This two-chamber stack unit structure means that the positive and negative electrodes of the stack can only have the same acidity and alkalinity. The positive and negative electrodes are both acidic, alkaline or neutral. The two-chamber stack has the problem of hydrogen evolution at the negative electrode during charging and discharging in an acidic environment, and the problem of oxygen evolution at the positive electrode during charging and discharging in an alkaline environment. The above conditions determine that the battery voltage will not be too high, which reduces the power of the battery and greatly limits the range of choices for the positive and negative electrode redox active material pairs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a three-chamber modular liquid flow battery module, which aims to at least solve the technical problems existing in the two-chamber liquid flow battery stack unit in the above-mentioned prior art. To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the utility model are as follows:

[0005] A three-chamber modular liquid flow single battery module, comprising an intermediate liquid flow frame, an intermediate liquid flow frame net is arranged in a central cavity in the center of the intermediate liquid flow frame, an anion exchange membrane is attached to the left side of the intermediate liquid flow frame net, a cation exchange membrane is attached to the right side of the intermediate liquid flow frame net, a positive electrode carbon felt is attached to the left side of the anion exchange membrane, a negative electrode carbon felt is attached to the right side of the cation exchange membrane, a No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket is attached to the left side of the intermediate liquid flow frame, a No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket is attached to the right side of the intermediate liquid flow frame, and a positive electrode liquid flow frame is attached to the left side of the No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket. The negative electrode liquid flow frame is attached to the right side of the No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket, the positive electrode sealing gasket is attached to the left side of the positive electrode liquid flow frame, and the negative electrode sealing gasket is attached to the right side of the negative electrode liquid flow frame. The No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket, the No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket, the positive electrode liquid flow frame, the negative electrode liquid flow frame, the positive electrode sealing gasket and the negative electrode sealing gasket are all provided with a central cavity, and the No. 1 bipolar plate is embedded in the central cavity of the positive electrode sealing gasket, and the right side surface of the No. 1 bipolar plate is attached to the left side surface of the positive electrode carbon felt, and the No. 2 bipolar plate is embedded in the central cavity of the negative electrode sealing gasket, and the left side surface of the No. 2 bipolar plate is attached to the right side surface of the negative electrode carbon felt.

[0006] As a further solution of the utility model: both ends of a diagonal line of the positive liquid flow frame and the negative liquid flow frame are provided with a through liquid hole 1, and both ends of the other diagonal line are provided with a through liquid hole 2, and the center of the short side of the positive liquid flow frame and the negative liquid flow frame is provided with a through liquid hole 3, and the long sides of the positive liquid flow frame and the negative liquid flow frame are respectively processed with flow channels connected to the corresponding liquid hole 2.

[0007] As a further solution of the utility model: both ends of a diagonal of the intermediate liquid flow frame are provided with a through liquid hole 1, both ends of the other diagonal are provided with a through liquid hole 2, and the center of the short side of the intermediate liquid flow frame is provided with a through liquid hole 3, and the short sides of the intermediate liquid flow frame are also respectively processed with flow channels connected to the corresponding liquid hole 3.

[0008] As a further solution of the utility model: two through anchor fixing holes are provided in the middle of the long sides and short sides of the intermediate liquid flow frame, No. 1 intermediate sealing pad, No. 2 intermediate sealing pad, positive liquid flow frame, negative liquid flow frame, positive sealing pad and negative sealing pad, and polypropylene anchor columns are inserted into the anchor fixing holes.

[0009] As a further solution of the utility model: the central cavity of the positive electrode sealing gasket is provided with a concave No. 1 step surface around, and the No. 1 bipolar plate is fitted in the No. 1 step surface around, and the central cavity of the negative electrode sealing gasket is provided with a concave No. 2 step surface around, and the No. 2 bipolar plate is fitted in the No. 2 step surface around.

[0010] As a further solution of the utility model: the intermediate liquid flow frame net is a porous structure, and the holes are rectangular holes of 10mmx10mm.

[0011] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The utility model provides a three-chamber modular liquid flow single cell module. This three-chamber single cell module uses anion exchange membranes and cation exchange membranes to form a single cell into a three-chamber structure, so that electrolytes existing in different environments can form redox pairs in the same single cell module; the production and assembly process of the single cell module is simple to form a complete and independent module, and the assembly of each liquid flow frame and the corresponding ion exchange membrane is convenient, efficient and reliable, and there is no need to rely on precision equipment during the assembly process. When the single cell module is assembled, the ion exchange membrane and the liquid flow frame are tightly connected, and the sealing effect is not affected during the transportation and assembly process. It can be quickly and reliably assembled into a battery stack, which reduces the difficulty of assembly, and solves the problems of cumbersome operation, complex assembly, and difficulty in standardization of traditional processing and assembly methods, and the problem that problems may occur in the assembly process due to external human factors during the assembly process, thereby affecting the quality, performance and efficiency of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a three-chamber modular liquid flow single battery module of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of a three-chamber modular liquid flow single cell module of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of the positive electrode liquid flow frame or the negative electrode liquid flow frame of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a front view of the intermediate liquid flow frame of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a front view of the No. 1 middle sealing pad or the No. 2 middle sealing pad of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a front view of the positive electrode sealing gasket of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front side of the negative electrode sealing gasket of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 8 It is a front schematic diagram of the intermediate liquid flow frame net of the utility model.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Polypropylene anchor column; 2. Bipolar plate No. 1; 3. Positive electrode sealing gasket; 31. Step surface No. 1; 4. Positive electrode carbon felt; 5. Positive electrode liquid flow frame; 6. Intermediate sealing gasket No. 1; 7. Anion exchange membrane; 8. Intermediate liquid flow frame net; 9. Intermediate liquid flow frame; 10. Cation exchange membrane; 11. Intermediate sealing gasket No. 2; 12. Negative electrode liquid flow frame; 13. Negative electrode carbon felt; 14. Negative electrode sealing gasket; 141. Step surface No. 2; 15. Bipolar plate No. 2; 16. Liquid hole 1; 17. Liquid hole 2; 18. Liquid hole 3; 19. Flow channel; 20. Anchor fixing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, and a specific direction structure and operation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0026] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the embodiment of the utility model provides a three-chamber modular liquid flow single battery module, which at least includes a No. 1 bipolar plate 2, a positive electrode sealing gasket 3, a positive electrode carbon felt 4, a positive electrode liquid flow frame 5, a No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket 6, an anion exchange membrane 7, an intermediate liquid flow frame net 8, an intermediate liquid flow frame 9, a cation exchange membrane 10, a No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket 11, a negative electrode liquid flow frame 12, a negative electrode carbon felt 13, a negative electrode sealing gasket 14 and a No. 2 bipolar plate 15. Among them, the No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket 6, the No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket 11, the positive electrode liquid flow frame 5, the negative electrode liquid flow frame 12, the positive electrode sealing gasket 3 and the negative electrode sealing gasket 14 are all provided with a rectangular central cavity of the same size in the center. An intermediate liquid flow frame net 8 is arranged in the central cavity (ion exchange chamber) of the intermediate liquid flow frame 9, an anion exchange membrane 7 is attached to the left side of the intermediate liquid flow frame net 8, and a cation exchange membrane 10 is attached to the right side of the intermediate liquid flow frame net 8. The ion exchange chamber is separated into left, middle and right independent positive electrode reaction chambers (the central cavity in the center of the positive electrode liquid flow frame 5), ion exchange chambers and negative electrode reaction chambers (the central cavity in the center of the negative electrode liquid flow frame 12) by the anion exchange membrane 7 and the cation exchange membrane 10, forming a three-chamber structure, so that electrolytes existing in different environments can form redox pairs in the same single cell module.

[0027] The materials of the intermediate liquid flow frame 9, the positive liquid flow frame 5 and the negative liquid flow frame 12 can be selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.; the material of the intermediate liquid flow frame net 8 can be selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.

[0028] A positive electrode carbon felt 4 is attached to the left side of the anion exchange membrane 7, a negative electrode carbon felt 13 is attached to the right side of the cation exchange membrane 10, a No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket 6 is attached to the left side of the intermediate liquid flow frame 9, a No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket 11 is attached to the right side of the intermediate liquid flow frame 9, a positive electrode liquid flow frame 5 is attached to the left side of the No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket 6, a negative electrode liquid flow frame 12 is attached to the right side of the No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket 11, a positive electrode sealing gasket 3 is attached to the left side of the positive electrode liquid flow frame 5, a negative electrode sealing gasket 14 is attached to the right side of the negative electrode liquid flow frame 12, a No. 1 bipolar plate 2 is embedded in the central cavity of the positive electrode sealing gasket 3, and the right side surface of the No. 1 bipolar plate 2 is attached to the left side of the positive electrode carbon felt 4, a No. 2 bipolar plate 15 is embedded in the central cavity of the negative electrode sealing gasket 14, and the left side surface of the No. 2 bipolar plate 15 is attached to the right side surface of the negative electrode carbon felt 13.

[0029] See also Figure 3As shown, both ends of one diagonal of the positive liquid flow frame 5 and the negative liquid flow frame 12 are provided with a through liquid hole 16, and both ends of the other diagonal are provided with a through liquid hole 2 17. The centers of the short sides of the positive liquid flow frame 5 and the negative liquid flow frame 12 are provided with a through liquid hole 3 18. The long sides of the positive liquid flow frame 5 and the negative liquid flow frame 12 are respectively processed with flow channels 19 connected to the corresponding liquid hole 2 17. The positive electrode reaction chamber passes the positive electrode solution of the battery reaction into and out of the positive electrode reaction chamber through the two liquid holes 16 in the positive liquid flow frame 5, and the negative electrode reaction chamber passes the negative electrode solution of the battery reaction into and out of the negative electrode reaction chamber through the two liquid holes 16 in the negative liquid flow frame 12.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the positive electrode liquid flow frame 5 and the negative electrode liquid flow frame 12 have the same structure. Both the positive electrode liquid flow frame 5 and the negative electrode liquid flow frame 12 are made of polypropylene plastic plates with dimensions of 700 mm in length x 500 mm in width x 6 mm in height. A central cavity (positive electrode reaction chamber and negative electrode reaction chamber) of 500 mm x 300 mm is processed in the middle of the polypropylene plastic plate using a CNC lathe. The flow channel 19 is 3 mm deep x 3 mm wide. The excellent design of the flow channel 19 allows the electrolyte to be distributed more evenly.

[0031] See also Figure 4 As shown, both ends of one diagonal of the intermediate liquid flow frame 9 are provided with a through liquid hole 16, and both ends of the other diagonal are provided with a through liquid hole 2 17. The center of the short side of the intermediate liquid flow frame 9 is provided with a through liquid hole 3 18. The short sides of the intermediate liquid flow frame 9 are also respectively processed with flow channels 19 connected to the corresponding liquid hole 3 18. The ion exchange liquid enters and flows out of the ion exchange chamber through the two liquid holes 3 18 of the intermediate liquid flow frame.

[0032] In one specific embodiment, the intermediate liquid flow frame is made of a polypropylene plastic plate with dimensions of 700mm long x 500mm wide x 6mm high. A 500mm x 300mm central cavity (ion exchange chamber) flow channel 19 with a depth of 3mm x width x 3mm is machined in the middle of the polypropylene plastic plate using a CNC lathe.

[0033] It is worth noting that see Figure 5-7 As shown, two through anchor fixing holes 20 with a diameter of 10 mm are opened in the middle of the long sides and short sides of the intermediate liquid flow frame 9, the No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket 6, the No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket 11, the positive liquid flow frame 5, the negative liquid flow frame 12, the positive sealing gasket 3 and the negative sealing gasket 14. The spacing between the anchor fixing holes 20 is 200 mm, and a polypropylene anchor column 1 is inserted in the anchor fixing hole 20.

[0034] See also Figure 6 As shown, the central cavity of the positive electrode sealing gasket 3 is provided with a concave first step surface 31 around it, and the first bipolar plate 2 is fitted in the first step surface 31 around it, see Figure 7As shown, a concave second step surface 141 is provided around the central cavity of the negative electrode sealing gasket 14 , and the second bipolar plate 15 is fitted in the second step surface 141 around its periphery.

[0035] The materials of the No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket 6, the No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket 11, the positive electrode sealing gasket 3 and the negative electrode sealing gasket 14 can be selected from polystyrene elastomer, foamed butyl rubber (20% foaming rate), butadiene rubber, chloroprene rubber, EPDM rubber, acrylic rubber, polyurethane rubber, etc.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket 6, the No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket 11, the positive electrode sealing gasket 3 and the negative electrode sealing gasket 14 are made of TPE foamed polystyrene elastomer through an extrusion process, and have a rectangular structure consisting of two long sides and two short sides. The long side dimensions are 700mmx100mmx4mm, and the short side dimensions are 300mmx100mmx4mm. The four sides are hot-melted into a whole through a hot pressing process to form a sealing gasket with the same size as the intermediate liquid flow frame 9. The long side dimensions of the No. 1 step surface 31 and the No. 2 step surface 141 are 700mm long, 50mm wide, and 3mm high, and the short side dimensions are 300mm long, 50mm wide, and 3mm high.

[0037] See also Figure 8 As shown, the intermediate liquid flow frame net 8 is made of polypropylene material through a molding process, with a size of 500mmx300mmx6mm. The net is a porous structure, and the holes are rectangular holes of 10mmx10mm.

[0038] Single cell module assembly: insert the polypropylene anchor column 1 into the 8 anchor fixing holes 20 on the positive electrode sealing gasket 3 and the negative electrode sealing gasket 14, and put the positive electrode liquid flow frame 5 (front), positive electrode carbon felt 4, No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket 6, anion exchange membrane 7, intermediate liquid flow frame 9, intermediate liquid flow frame net 8, cation exchange membrane 10, No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket 11, negative electrode carbon felt 13, negative electrode liquid flow frame 12 (back) in sequence, and finally put the positive electrode sealing gasket 3 and the negative electrode sealing gasket 14 on both sides (stepped surface facing up), and place the No. 1 bipolar plate 2 and the No. 2 bipolar plate 15 on the No. 1 step surface 31 and the No. 2 step surface 141 of the positive electrode sealing gasket 3 and the negative electrode sealing gasket 14 respectively (stepped surface facing down), use ultrasonic welding to form a whole, and a complete single cell module is assembled and formed. The single cell modules are stacked as needed to form a complete battery stack.

[0039] The above detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model should not be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the utility model. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of application of the utility model should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the utility model.

Claims

1. A three-chamber modular liquid flow single cell module, characterized in that: The invention comprises an intermediate liquid flow frame (9), an intermediate liquid flow frame net (8) is arranged in a central cavity in the center of the intermediate liquid flow frame (9), an anion exchange membrane (7) is bonded to the left side of the intermediate liquid flow frame net (8), a cation exchange membrane (10) is bonded to the right side of the intermediate liquid flow frame net (8), a positive electrode carbon felt (4) is bonded to the left side of the anion exchange membrane (7), a negative electrode carbon felt (13) is bonded to the right side of the cation exchange membrane (10), a No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket (6) is bonded to the left side of the intermediate liquid flow frame (9), a No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket (11) is bonded to the right side of the intermediate liquid flow frame (9), a positive electrode liquid flow frame (5) is bonded to the left side of the No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket (6), and a No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket (11) is bonded to the right side of the frame of the intermediate liquid flow frame (9), a positive electrode liquid flow frame (5) is bonded to the left side of the No. 1 intermediate sealing gasket (6), and a positive electrode liquid flow frame (5) is bonded to the right side of the No. 2 intermediate sealing gasket (11). A negative electrode liquid flow frame (12) is bonded thereto, a positive electrode sealing gasket (3) is bonded to the left side of the positive electrode liquid flow frame (5), and a negative electrode sealing gasket (14) is bonded to the right side of the negative electrode liquid flow frame (12). The first intermediate sealing gasket (6), the second intermediate sealing gasket (11), the positive electrode liquid flow frame (5), the negative electrode liquid flow frame (12), the positive electrode sealing gasket (3) and the negative electrode sealing gasket (14) are all provided with a central cavity. A first bipolar plate (2) is embedded in the central cavity of the positive electrode sealing gasket (3), and the right side surface of the first bipolar plate (2) is bonded to the left side surface of the positive electrode carbon felt (4). A second bipolar plate (15) is embedded in the central cavity of the negative electrode sealing gasket (14), and the left side surface of the second bipolar plate (15) is bonded to the right side surface of the negative electrode carbon felt (13).

2. A three-chamber modular liquid flow single cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of one diagonal of the positive electrode liquid flow frame (5) and the negative electrode liquid flow frame (12) are each provided with a through liquid hole one (16), and the two ends of the other diagonal are provided with a through liquid hole two (17). The centers of the short sides of the positive electrode liquid flow frame (5) and the negative electrode liquid flow frame (12) are each provided with a through liquid hole three (18). The long sides of the positive electrode liquid flow frame (5) and the negative electrode liquid flow frame (12) are each processed with a flow channel (19) connected to the corresponding liquid hole two (17).

3. A three-chamber modular liquid flow single cell module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of one diagonal of the intermediate liquid flow frame (9) are provided with a through liquid hole 1 (16), the two ends of the other diagonal are provided with a through liquid hole 2 (17), the center of the short side of the intermediate liquid flow frame (9) is provided with a through liquid hole 3 (18), and the short sides of the intermediate liquid flow frame (9) are also processed with flow channels (19) connected to the corresponding liquid hole 3 (18).

4. A three-chamber modular liquid flow single cell module according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two through-going anchor fixing holes (20) are provided in the middle of the long sides and short sides of the intermediate liquid flow frame (9), the first intermediate sealing gasket (6), the second intermediate sealing gasket (11), the positive liquid flow frame (5), the negative liquid flow frame (12), the positive sealing gasket (3) and the negative sealing gasket (14), and the anchor fixing holes (20) are plugged with polypropylene anchor posts.

5. The three-chamber modular liquid flow cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central cavity of the positive electrode sealing gasket (3) is provided with a concave No. 1 step surface (31) around its periphery, and the No. 1 bipolar plate (2) is fitted in the No. 1 step surface (31) around its periphery; the central cavity of the negative electrode sealing gasket (14) is provided with a concave No. 2 step surface (141) around its periphery, and the No. 2 bipolar plate (15) is fitted in the No. 2 step surface (141) around its periphery.

6. A three-chamber modular liquid flow cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate liquid flow frame net (8) is a porous structure, and the holes are rectangular holes of 10 mm x 10 mm.

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