Tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel interception and drainage, in particular to a tunnel cavern top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure which comprises an interception and drainage integrated ditch, the interception and drainage integrated ditch is arranged at the junction of a cavern top backfill and a mountain body of a tunnel cavern top, and the interception and drainage integrated ditch is communicated to a roadbed side ditch or a natural groove through a drainage facility. The top face of the tunnel top backfill has a gradient, and the side, close to the interception and drainage integrated ditch, of the top face of the tunnel top backfill is lower than the other sides of the tunnel top backfill. The interception and drainage integrated ditch is arranged at the backfill junction of the mountain and the open cut tunnel, catchment of the mountain slope is intercepted, rainwater on the backfill platform at the top of the tunnel is collected to the interception and drainage integrated ditch, then conveyed to a roadbed side ditch or a natural groove through a drainage facility and then discharged, slope excavation is not needed, and the stability and vegetation of the slope at the tunnel opening cannot be damaged; and a special drainage ditch for backfilling the top surface of the tunnel top does not need to be independently constructed, so that the construction is convenient, the cost is low, and the interception and drainage problems of the tunnel portal can be well solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel intercepting and draining water, in particular to a tunnel top intercepting and draining integrated ditch structure. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel entrances are generally located on the mountainside or at the foot of the mountain. There is a large natural slope above the entrance. When rainwater converges and flows to the mountainside or the foot of the mountain, it may reach a state of large flow and fast velocity, which is likely to cause harmful scouring to the entrance. According to the specification requirements, a catch ditch should be set outside the tunnel entrance to play the role of intercepting, diverting and preventing scouring. In addition, a platform will be formed on the top after the backfilling of the tunnel's open cut. To avoid water accumulation on the top, a drainage ditch is generally required. When setting a catch ditch outside the tunnel entrance in a steep terrain, a high and steep slope is often excavated during construction. On the one hand, it will increase the difficulty, cost and collapse risk of slope protection. On the other hand, it will damage the vegetation of the slope body and affect the beauty of the entire entrance. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a tunnel top intercepting and draining integrated ditch structure for the problem that when a catch ditch is set outside the tunnel entrance in a steep terrain during construction, a high and steep slope is often excavated, which will increase the difficulty, cost and collapse risk of slope protection on the one hand, and damage the vegetation of the slope body and affect the beauty of the entire entrance on the other hand.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A tunnel top intercepting and draining integrated ditch structure includes an intercepting and draining integrated ditch. The intercepting and draining integrated ditch is arranged at the junction of the top backfilling of the tunnel and the mountain body. The intercepting and draining integrated ditch is connected to the subgrade side ditch or the natural groove through a drainage facility. The top surface of the top backfilling has a slope, and the side of the top surface of the top backfilling close to the intercepting and draining integrated ditch is lower than the other sides of the top backfilling.

[0006] In this scheme, the intercepting and draining integrated ditch is arranged at the junction of the top backfilling of the tunnel and the mountain body, so that the mountain water can directly flow into the intercepting and draining integrated ditch; and the top surface of the top backfilling has a slope, and the side of the top surface of the top backfilling close to the intercepting and draining integrated ditch is lower than the other sides of the top backfilling, so that the rainwater on the top surface of the top backfilling can naturally flow into the intercepting and draining integrated ditch; and the intercepting and draining integrated ditch is connected to the subgrade side ditch or the natural groove through a drainage facility, that is, the mountain water in the intercepting and draining integrated ditch and the rainwater on the top surface of the top backfilling can both flow to the subgrade side ditch or the natural groove through the drainage facility and be drained away through the subgrade side ditch or the natural groove.

[0007] For the above-mentioned integrated intercepting and draining ditch structure on the tunnel roof, the integrated intercepting and draining ditch is arranged at the junction of the mountain body and the backfill of the open cut tunnel. There is no need to excavate the slope surface, which will not damage the stability of the slope body at the tunnel entrance and the vegetation. Moreover, there is no need to separately construct a special drainage ditch on the top surface of the backfill on the tunnel roof, making the construction convenient and the cost low. It can well solve the intercepting and draining problems at the tunnel entrance and is especially suitable for steep terrain.

[0008] Preferably, an anti-seepage structure is provided between the integrated intercepting and draining ditch and the mountain body to reduce the infiltration of rainwater along the gap between the mountain body and the integrated intercepting and draining ditch and prevent it from seeping into the tunnel.

[0009] Preferably, the anti-seepage structure is a triangular anti-seepage block. The upper surface of the triangular anti-seepage block has a slope, and the upper surface of the triangular anti-seepage block connects the slope surface of the mountain body and the top of the inner side wall of the integrated intercepting and draining ditch.

[0010] It enables the rainwater on the hillside to quickly flow into the integrated intercepting and draining ditch and reduces the infiltration of rainwater along the gap between the mountain body and the integrated intercepting and draining ditch.

[0011] Preferably, the slope ratio of the upper surface of the triangular anti-seepage block is 1:1 to 3.

[0012] The slope rate of the triangular anti-seepage block should not be too steep nor too gentle. With a slope rate of 1 to 3, it is beneficial to enable the rainwater on the hillside to quickly flow into the integrated intercepting and draining ditch and reduce the infiltration of rainwater along the gap between the mountain body and the integrated intercepting and draining ditch.

[0013] Preferably, transverse braces are arranged at intervals longitudinally in the integrated intercepting and draining ditch, and the transverse braces are connected between the two side walls of the integrated intercepting and draining ditch.

[0014] The transverse braces are used to improve the overall structural strength of the drainage ditch and bear the forward pushing pressure of the mountain body.

[0015] Preferably, the transverse braces are connected between the tops of the two side walls of the integrated intercepting and draining ditch. The cross-section of the transverse braces is rectangular, and the top surface of the transverse braces is slightly lower than the top surface of the side walls of the integrated intercepting and draining ditch.

[0016] The transverse braces can better bear the forward pushing pressure of the mountain body.

[0017] Preferably, the transverse braces are of reinforced concrete structure, and the width and height of the cross-section of the transverse braces are both greater than or equal to 15 cm, with higher overall strength.

[0018] Preferably, the integrated intercepting and draining ditch is of reinforced concrete structure, which bears the forward pushing pressure of the mountain body and prevents the ditch body from cracking due to uneven settlement of the backfill on the tunnel roof, ensuring the safety of the structure.

[0019] Preferably, the thicknesses of the bottom and the side walls of the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch are both greater than or equal to 20 cm, ensuring the structural safety, bearing the forward pushing pressure of the mountain body, and preventing the ditch body from cracking due to uneven settlement of the backfill on the top of the tunnel.

[0020] Preferably, the slope of the top surface of the backfill on the top of the tunnel is greater than or equal to 2%, and the top surface of the backfill on the top of the tunnel inclines towards the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch, ensuring that the rainwater on the top surface of the backfill on the top of the tunnel can flow into the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch and ensuring that the platform formed by the backfill on the top of the tunnel does not accumulate water.

[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0022] The integrated drainage and intercepting ditch structure for the top of the tunnel provided by the present utility model is arranged at the junction of the mountain body and the backfill of the open cut tunnel. It intercepts the water converging on the mountainside and collects the rainwater on the backfill platform on the top of the tunnel into the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch, and then transports it to the roadside ditch of the roadbed or the natural trench through the drainage facilities for discharge. It does not require slope excavation, will not damage the stability of the slope body at the tunnel entrance and the vegetation, and does not require a dedicated drainage ditch for the top surface of the backfill on the top of the tunnel to be constructed separately. This makes the construction convenient and the cost low, and can well solve the drainage and intercepting problems at the tunnel entrance, especially suitable for steep terrain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a plan view of the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch structure for the top of the tunnel;

[0024] Figure 2 is an elevation view of the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch structure for the top of the tunnel;

[0025] Figure 3 is a general sectional view of the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch;

[0026] Figure 4 is a cross-brace sectional view of the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1, mountain body; 2, backfill on the top of the tunnel; 3, integrated drainage and intercepting ditch; 31, triangular anti-seepage block; 32, cross-brace; 4, drain pipe; 51, blind tunnel; 52, open cut tunnel; 53, tunnel entrance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The following is a detailed description of the present utility model with reference to the drawings.

[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] This embodiment provides a combined intercepting and draining ditch structure for the tunnel roof. Refer to Figures 1 to 3 , which includes a combined intercepting and draining ditch 3. The combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 is arranged at the junction of the roof backfill 2 of the tunnel roof and the mountain body 1. The combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 is connected to the roadbed side ditch or natural groove through drainage facilities. The top surface of the roof backfill 2 has a slope, and one side of the top surface of the roof backfill 2 close to the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 is lower than the other sides of the roof backfill 2.

[0032] Among them, the roof backfill 2 refers to the platform structure formed by backfilling above the open cut tunnel 52 of the tunnel, that is, above the open cut tunnel 52. Generally, a separate drainage ditch needs to be set for drainage. In this solution, the top surface of the roof backfill 2 is provided with a slope, and one side of the top surface of the roof backfill 2 close to the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 is lower than the other sides of the roof backfill 2, so that the water on the top surface of the roof backfill 2 can flow naturally into the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 without the need to set a separate special drainage ditch.

[0033] In one or more embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the slope of the top surface of the roof backfill 2 is greater than or equal to 2%, and it is required that the slope of the roof backfill 2 inclines towards the mountain body, so that the height on the left side is less than the height on the right side, ensuring that the platform formed by the roof backfill does not accumulate water.

[0034] In this solution, the cross-sectional shape of the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 can be selected. Generally, the cross-section of the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 is a rectangular structure, which includes a ditch bottom and two ditch walls, and the two ditch walls are in a vertical state. The combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 is connected to the roadbed side ditch or natural groove through drainage facilities, that is, the accumulated water in the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 can be drained to the roadbed side ditch or natural groove through drainage facilities and discharged through the roadbed side ditch or natural groove. Draining water through the roadbed side ditch or natural groove is an existing technology. The drainage facilities can be a drain pipe 4 or other drainage ditch structures.

[0035] Among them, the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 is arranged at the junction of the roof backfill 2 of the tunnel roof and the mountain body 1 to intercept the hillside water convergence and avoid harmful scouring of the open cut tunnel backfill by the hillside water convergence. The mountain body 1 is located above the hidden tunnel 51 of the tunnel. In this embodiment, the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 is constructed by cast-in-place concrete, and the grade is not lower than C20. Its width and depth are determined according to the water convergence calculation. The thickness of the ditch walls and the ditch bottom of the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 should not be less than 20 cm. To bear the forward thrust of the mountain body and prevent the ditch body from cracking due to uneven settlement of the roof backfill, the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 should be appropriately reinforced. As Figure 1 shown, one end of the combined intercepting and draining ditch 3 is blocked and located at the front of the tunnel entrance 53, and the other end is connected to the downward drain pipe 4 to drain the rainwater to the roadbed side ditch or natural groove.

[0036] In one or more embodiments, an anti-seepage structure is provided between the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3 and the mountain body 1 to reduce the infiltration of rainwater along the gap between the mountain body and the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3, and to prevent it from seeping into the tunnel. As a preferred embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the anti-seepage structure is a triangular anti-seepage block 31. The upper surface of the triangular anti-seepage block 31 has a slope. The upper surface of the triangular anti-seepage block 31 connects the slope of the mountain body 1 and the top of the inner side wall of the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3. The triangular anti-seepage block 31 is arranged between the mountain body and the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3, and its function is to enable the rainwater on the hillside to flow quickly into the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3, and reduce the infiltration of rainwater along the gap between the mountain body and the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3. The slope ratio m of the triangular anti-seepage block 31 should not be too steep nor too gentle, and can be taken between 1 and 3.

[0037] In one or more embodiments, cross braces 32 are arranged at intervals longitudinally in the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3, and the cross braces 32 are connected between the two side walls of the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3. The cross braces 32 are used to improve the overall structural strength of the ditch and bear the forward pushing pressure of the mountain body. As a preferred embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the cross braces 32 are connected between the tops of the two side walls of the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3. The cross section of the cross braces 32 is rectangular. The top surface of the cross braces 32 is slightly lower than the top surface of the side wall of the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3, so as to prevent the rainwater converging on the hillside from flowing from the cross braces 32 to the top backfill 2 of the tunnel. Further, the size of the cross braces 32 is determined according to the structural force and is appropriately reinforced with steel bars. The cross braces 32 are made of reinforced concrete structure. The width and height of the cross section of the cross braces 32 are both greater than or equal to 15 cm, and the overall strength is higher.

[0038] This embodiment provides a structure of an integrated drainage and intercepting ditch at the top of a tunnel, and its schematic diagram is shown in Figures 1 to 4 , and this structure includes: a steep mountain body 1, a top backfill 2 of the tunnel, an integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3, a drain pipe 4, a triangular anti-seepage block 31 and cross braces 32. By arranging the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3 at the junction of the mountain body and the backfill of the open cut tunnel, the safety of the converging water and the safety of the tunnel operation can be ensured. The rainwater on the hillside and the rainwater on the platform of the top backfill 2 of the tunnel are both collected into the integrated drainage and intercepting ditch 3 and then conveyed through the drain pipe 4 to the roadside ditch of the subgrade or the natural trench for drainage. There is no need to excavate the slope surface, which will not damage the stability of the slope body at the tunnel entrance and the vegetation, and there is no need to separately construct a special drainage ditch on the top surface of the top backfill 2 of the tunnel, which makes the construction convenient and the cost low, and can well solve the problems of drainage and interception at the tunnel entrance, and is especially suitable for steep terrain.

[0039] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises an integrated intercepting and draining ditch (3), which is arranged at the junction of the tunnel top backfill (2) and the mountain (1) at the top of the tunnel, and the integrated intercepting and draining ditch (3) is connected to the roadbed ditch or natural ditch through drainage facilities. The top surface of the tunnel top backfill (2) has a slope, and the side of the top surface of the tunnel top backfill (2) close to the integrated intercepting and draining ditch (3) is lower than the other side of the tunnel top backfill (2).

2. The tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An anti-seepage structure is provided between the interception and drainage integrated ditch (3) and the mountain (1).

3. The tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The anti-seepage structure is a triangular anti-seepage block (31), the upper surface of the triangular anti-seepage block (31) has a slope, and the upper surface of the triangular anti-seepage block (31) connects the slope of the mountain (1) and the top of the inner wall of the integrated interception and drainage ditch (3).

4. The tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The slope ratio of the upper surface of the triangular anti-seepage block (31) is 1:1-3.

5. The tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cutting and draining integrated water ditch (3) is provided with transverse braces (32) at longitudinal intervals, and the transverse braces (32) are connected between the side walls of the cutting and draining integrated water ditch (3).

6. The tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The cross brace (32) is connected between the tops of the side walls of the integrated intercepting and draining ditch (3); the cross section of the cross brace (32) is rectangular; the top surface of the cross brace (32) is slightly lower than the top surface of the side walls of the integrated intercepting and draining ditch (3).

7. The tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The cross brace (32) is a reinforced concrete structure, and the cross-sectional width and height of the cross brace (32) are both greater than or equal to 15 cm.

8. The tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The integrated interception and drainage ditch (3) is a reinforced concrete structure.

9. The tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the bottom and the wall of the integrated intercepting and draining ditch (3) is greater than or equal to 20 cm.

10. The tunnel top interception and drainage integrated ditch structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The slope of the top surface of the cave top backfill (2) is greater than or equal to 2%, and the top surface of the cave top backfill (2) tends to intercept the integrated drainage ditch (3).

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